【名師講座課件】英語閱讀解題思路與方法

英語閱讀解題思路與方法英語閱讀解題思路與方法了解要求；掌握標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；分項學(xué)習(xí)；提升技能；語篇為本；思維貫穿。CONTENT目錄01高考閱讀理解技能要求02高考閱讀理解語篇分析03閱讀完形填空解題策略04高考閱讀理解解題策略05閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)養(yǎng)成策略Part1高考閱讀理解技能要求高考閱讀理解技能要求課程類別語言技能語言技能內(nèi)容要求必修高中畢業(yè)要求理解性技能1.從語篇中提取主要信息和觀點，理解語篇要義；2.理解語篇中顯性或隱性的邏輯關(guān)系；3.把握語篇中主要事件的來龍去脈；4.抓住語篇中的關(guān)鍵概念和關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)；5.辨認(rèn)關(guān)鍵字詞和概念以迅速查找目標(biāo)信息；6.根據(jù)語篇標(biāo)題預(yù)測語篇的主題和內(nèi)容；7.批判性地審視語篇內(nèi)容；8.根據(jù)上下文線索或非文字信息推斷詞語的意義；9.把握語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)以及語言特征；10.識別書面語篇中常見的指代和銜接關(guān)系；11.課外閱讀量平均每周不少于1500詞（必修課程階段不少于4.5萬詞）。高考閱讀理解技能要求課程類別語言技能語言技能內(nèi)容要求選擇性必修高考要求理解性技能1.區(qū)分、分析和概括語篇中的主要觀點和事實；2.識別語篇中的內(nèi)容要點和相應(yīng)的支撐論據(jù)；3.識別語篇中的時間順序、空間順序、過程順序；4.根據(jù)定義線索理解概念性詞語或術(shù)語；5.通過預(yù)測和設(shè)問理解語篇的意義；6.根據(jù)上下文推斷語篇中的隱含意義；7.根據(jù)連接詞判斷和猜測語篇中上下文的語義邏輯關(guān)系；8.批判性地審視語篇涉及的文化現(xiàn)象；9.課外閱讀量平均每周不少于2500詞（選擇性必修課程階段

不少于10萬詞）。高考閱讀理解微技能要求微技能分項微技能分值1獲取信息（細(xì)節(jié)）102推斷隱義63概括主旨24判斷意圖觀點態(tài)度85篇章寫作手法26語篇結(jié)構(gòu)類型107猜測詞義2高考閱讀理解技能要求閱讀理解技能要求中，最重要的一點就是語篇（discourse)。在閱讀理解中語篇有哪些重要性？1.語篇是理解的基礎(chǔ);2.語篇是理解的途徑;3.語篇是理解的效度;4.語篇是理解的組織結(jié)構(gòu);5.語篇是理解的思維品質(zhì)。Part2高考閱讀理解語篇分析

Ithink,thereforeIam.---ReneDescartes(1596-1650)勒奈·笛卡爾（法國哲學(xué)家）

關(guān)注閱讀文章不同文體的特征文體記敘文應(yīng)用文說明文議論文重點關(guān)注人物、事件、情節(jié)、發(fā)生的順序、前因后果人物內(nèi)心世界、情感態(tài)度事實細(xì)節(jié)說明的事物之特征

說明方法之特點總論點（觀點）、分論點

論證過程和方法不同觀點和結(jié)論

關(guān)注閱讀理解文本分析

1.形成語篇閱讀習(xí)慣和敏感性。2.形成英語閱讀的邏輯思維能力。3.提高閱讀文本的解讀能力。

YesterdayIsawthenewpatienthurryingalongacorridor.Heseemedveryupset,soIdidnotfollowhim.Ijustcalledhimgently.Perhapslaterhewillfeelbetter,andIwillbeabletotalktohim.

關(guān)注閱讀文章的理解分析YesterdayIsawthenewpatienthurryingalongacorridor.Heseemedveryupset,soIdidnotfollowhim.Ijustcalledhimgently.Perhapslaterhewillfeelbetter,andIwillbeabletotalktohim.1.Whatistheproblemdescribedhere?2.Whatmightbethejobofthewriter?3.Isthiseventtakingplaceindoorsoroutside?4.Didthewritertrytogetnearthepatient?5.Whatdoyouthinkshesaidwhenshecalledhim?6.Whydoyouthinkshewantstotalktothepatient?

關(guān)注英語閱讀文章的理解維度TEXTafteraroundaboutbelowbetween分析拓展思維如何結(jié)合自身的經(jīng)歷，深入理解語篇分析影響讀者感悟語篇的主題思想、目的和意圖，及其對讀者的影響分析背景知識理解語篇所需的社會和文化背景知識分析字里行間推導(dǎo)語篇中的隱含意義分析詞匯語法用法詞匯語法手段和語言選擇分析語篇內(nèi)容表達了什么意義：經(jīng)歷，作者的觀點、態(tài)度beyond

Peterhadhislegbroken.Itwasacarwhichhithim.Peterhadhislegbrokenbecauseacarhithim.Johnhadbeenmurdered.Theknifelaynearby.Johnhadbeenmurderedwiththeknifelyingnearby.Theywentforawalk.Theparkwasbeautiful.Theywalkedinthepark,whichwasbeautiful.關(guān)注閱讀文章句子群的理解

Sixteenyearsago,Charleswasacollegeprofessorwithahugesix-bedroomhouseand$2million.Todayhelivesinasmalldormitoryroomwherethereisonlysecond-handfurniture.TherearecertainlynosignsthatCharleswasarichman!Thereisasmallgardenoutsidewithafewfruittrees.Charlesgrowssomevegetablesandafewflowers.Hegetshisclothesandalotofotherthingsfromcharityshops.

(AMaterialWorld)

通過回答問題整體語篇理解：1.WhatwasthelifeofCharlessixteenyearsago?2.Howdidhefeelabouthislifesixteenyearsago?3.Howdoeshefeelabouthislifenow?關(guān)注閱讀文章語篇的整體推斷高考閱讀的語篇理解試題探索ReadingTest

Wedrivetothestore.Iopenthedoor.Wetakeacart.Andnowwestart.Wetakecarrots.Wetakecherries.Wetakeapplies.Wetakeberries.1.Wearegoingto________food.A.takeB.testC.buyD.observe高考閱讀的語篇理解試題探索ReadingTest“Sure,sure”,hesaid.“ButI’IIbeleavingthembehindsoon.AssoonasFowlerhandsoverthebucks!”Helaughedashepulledapipeoutofhisshirtpocketandlitit.Puffingaway,hewentonandonabouthowsmartheandhistwobrothershadbeentosellouttoFowler.AndhowridiculoustheMartinezeswerebeingtoholdout.“There’sabundletobemade!”hesaid.2.Hewasexcitedabout_______.A.smokingB.moneyC.dinnerD.friendsPart3閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)養(yǎng)成策略英語閱讀批判性思維養(yǎng)成

閱讀思維的要求：

1.能區(qū)分FactsandOpinions。2.開放思想

對閱讀材料要有質(zhì)疑與求證的思考。

3.分析性?鑒定問題所在，以理由和證據(jù)去理解癥結(jié)和預(yù)計后果。4.系統(tǒng)性?有組織，有目標(biāo)地努力處理問題。?????5.認(rèn)知成熟度?審慎作判斷、警覺地接受多種解決問題的方法。

英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略閱讀文本Thenewcoronaviruscrisishaslaunchedaverylarge,unplannedexperimentwithonlinelearningintheUnitedStates.Andithascreatedproblemsforschoolchildrenwithlimitedinternetornointernetserviceinruralareas.

SchoolofficialsandgovernmentsinmanyareasaretryingtogivemillionsofU.S.studentswithouthomeinternetachanceatkeepingupwiththeirstudies.

英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略

Answerthequestions.1.Whatnewchallengesarethestudentsfacing?2.Whichproblemdoesthegovernmentwanttosolve?3.Whowillthegovernmenthelp?

英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略Whatdoyouneedtoanswerthequestions?Youneed:1.tounderstandthelanguage.2.tocatchthesurfacemeaning.3.toknowstatements.Whichofthefollowingassumptionshastheauthormade?A.TheonlinelearningisnewintheUnitedStates.B.Manypeopleinruralareasdon’tliketousehomeinternet.C.Thegovernmentcannotsolvetheproblem.D.It’sunfairforthestudentsinruralareaswithouthomeinternet.E.Thegovernmentwillgivemoneytothestudentswithouthome

internet.英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略

Whichofthefollowingmeasureswillthegovernmenttaketohelpthestudentswithouthomeinternet?Helpthementertheinternetforfree.B.Callonvolunteerstosharehomeinternetwiththem.Drivethebuseswithinternettoruralareastoprovideinternet

forthestudents.Makepeopleinruralareasstopusingmobilephonetoletstudentsuseinternet.英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略

Whatdoyouneedtochoosethechoices?Youneed:1.tothinklogically.2.toinfercritically.3.toevaluatinallsides.英語閱讀理解思維品質(zhì)培養(yǎng)策略Part4閱讀完形填空解題策略

完形填空題型的理論基礎(chǔ)格式塔心理學(xué):?

當(dāng)看見不完整的事物時，人們根據(jù)腦子里對事物的完整概念，會在思想上把它補全。

即：補全心理

完形命題考點考點考點考點考點詞匯、語法、句法基礎(chǔ)知識詞語辨析固定搭配習(xí)慣用法交際用語文化背景、社會風(fēng)俗行文邏輯、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)完形填空題型考點把握

完形短文的特點：完形的語篇線索：完形的故事線索：完形的情感線索：夾敘夾議，引人深思，富有哲理，讀故事的過程中啟迪心靈。標(biāo)題很重要，上下文的重要性，前后呼應(yīng)的故事線和情感線的銜接過渡。關(guān)注故事線的首尾呼應(yīng)梳理。人物情感和事件情感的脈絡(luò)梳理，關(guān)注形容詞和副詞。完形填空詞匯辨析考點復(fù)習(xí)1.完形最大的考點,主要是對實義詞的考查，如名詞、形容詞、

動詞、副詞等。2.名詞的測試主要是同義詞意義或用法辨析。3.形容詞的測試要點是形容詞作定語、表語，形容詞的比較級和最高級等。4.動詞的測試要點是短語、慣用搭配等。5.副詞的考查包括各類副詞(地點副詞、時間副詞、方式副詞、

程度副詞和疑問副詞)。完形重點熟詞生義總結(jié)

develop（發(fā)展；沖洗）promise（許諾；有希望）spring（春天；彈跳）stage（舞臺；階段）head（頭；朝······去）cross（越過；劃掉）walk（散步；陪······走路）free（自由的；免費的；

擺脫······的）address（地址；致辭）goal（目標(biāo)；球門）just（剛才；公正的）article（文章；物品）shape（形狀；情況）express（表達；特快的）company（公司；陪伴）monitor（班長；監(jiān)督）完形重點動詞短語總結(jié)makesense（明白）makeit（成功）dropout（輟學(xué)）figureout（理解）checkin（辦理入住手續(xù)）workout（解決問題；擬定計劃；鍛煉）pickup（無意中獲得；接受；改進）等等。lookup（查閱；形勢好轉(zhuǎn)）holdon（等一等）takeup（占去；著手處理）comeupwith（想出）pullup（使車停下來）完形解題步驟123通讀全文，把握大意理清邏輯，對照選項復(fù)讀全文，對照答案獲取信息，明確主題上下求索尋線索瞻前顧后找聯(lián)系前呼后應(yīng)扣主題主旨是否明確搭配是否準(zhǔn)確邏輯是否通順詞語選擇是否合理完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例“Whatishis______?”“Bingley.”“Ishe________orsingle?”“Oh!Single,mydear,tobesure!Asinglemanoflargefortune;fourorfivethousandpoundsayear.Whata______thingforourgirls!”

(PrideandPrejudice)namemarriedlucky完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例

Unfortunately,myenjoymentofthebookwassooninterruptedwhenthebreakfast

roomdoor

_________

.

(JaneEyre)wasopened“Whoareyou?”Iaskedthetallman.“My______isCaptainNemo,”hesaid.“Andyouare______theNautilus,the______powerfulshipinallthe______”Itwas______tobelievethatwewerereallyprisoners.Beforetakingustoourcabins,CaptainNemo______usroundtheship.Icouldonlythinkthathewantedtoshowit______.name,aboard,most,oceans,hard,showed,off完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例_____doLeonardodaVinci,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhavein_____?Theywereall_____,alongwith_____famouspeople_____BradPitt,PrinceWilliam,_____BarackObama.In_____,anestimated13percentoftheworld’spopulation_____beleft-handed.What,common,left-handed,other,including,and,fact,may完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例Eventhoughayoungchildmightbenervousaboutstarting_____,heorsheismoreoftenthannot_____aswellonthe_____dayofschool.Perhapsthatexcitement_____throughthefirstfew_____ofschool._____overtime,manychildrenarelessexcited_____goingtoschool.school,excited,first,lasts,years,But,about完形填空語篇邏輯思維訓(xùn)練課例Atthe_____toWhiteSandsNationalMonument,anarrow_____beginstowindits_____throughlargerolling_____hills.Onemightthinkthesehillswerecovered_____snowexceptforthefactthatitis_____30℃outside.No,thisis_____snow.Thesehillsarecoveredwithbright_____sand,gypsumcrystalsreally.entrance,road,way,white,with,over,not,white

Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay“sorry,___41___

number!”andmoveon.（開篇導(dǎo)入，展示生活規(guī)律，語篇過渡需參考，語言搭配是關(guān)鍵）41.A.unluckyB.secretC.newD.wrongButwhenDennisWilliams____42____atextthatclearlywasn’tintendedforhim,hedidsomething____43____.42.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed43.A.reasonableB.specialC.necessaryD.practical（語篇銜接but是關(guān)鍵，所做之事不符生活規(guī)律，詞義理解是手段）高考完形填空真題解題分析

高考完形填空真題解題分析OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext____44____himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe____45____ofababy.

44.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.warning45.A.wake-upB.recoveryC.growthD.arrival

（故事語篇發(fā)展了，意外巧合，詞義比較再定奪，語篇理解是路徑）“Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,”Dennis____46____.46.A.respondedB.interruptedC.predictedD.repeated

（回復(fù)問候，說明原因，回復(fù)很重要，確定答案）Thebabywasbornandupdatetextsthatwere____47____quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.

47.A.cominginB.settingoutC.passingdownD.movingaround

（繼續(xù)故事發(fā)展，意外短信又出現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)是關(guān)鍵，確定答案）

高考完形填空真題解題分析Inher

____48____,shedidn’tseemtorealizethatshewas____49____thebaby’sphotoswithacompletestranger.48.A.opinionB.anxietyC.excitementD.effort49.A.comparingB.exchangingC.discussingD.sharing（短語搭配含義辨析是重點，exchange交換；share分享，要辨清）“Well,Idon’t____50____

youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby,”repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew____51____werein.50.A.acceptB.knowC.believeD.bother51.A.parentsB.doctorsC.patientsD.visitors（文化習(xí)俗要包容，拜訪需問房間號，定位身份靠語篇）

高考完形填空真題解題分析Muchtothefamily’ssurprise,

Dennisstucktohis____52____!He

turnedupatthehospital____53____giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.52.A.dreamB.promise

C.agendaD.principle53.A.bearingB.collectingC.openingD.making（語篇情感前后呼應(yīng)，詞義判斷靠語篇，bearing的熟詞生義可推斷）Lindsey’shusbandwastotally____54____

bytheunexpectedvisit.“Idon’tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe____55____itandthegifts.”54.A.discouragedB.relaxedC.astonishedD.defeated55.A.admitB.needC.appreciateD.expect（意外之舉令人吃驚，但，交際禮節(jié)必須有）

高考完形填空真題解題分析Teresa____56____aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite____57____

bythetouchingwords:“Whata____58____thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!56.A.foundB.selectedC.developedD.posted57.A.confirmedB.simplifiedC.clarifiedD.accompanied58.A.pityB.blessingC.reliefD.problem（網(wǎng)絡(luò)用詞習(xí)慣需知曉，照片配文字才完整）Hewasso____59____andkindtodothis.＂59.A.smartB.calmC.sweetD.fair

（情感線索需一致，前后情感要呼應(yīng)）Theposthassincegainedthe____60____ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.60.A.sympathyB.attentionC.controlD.trust

（詞義確定參考情感線索和網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)表的習(xí)慣，了解生活很重要）Part5高考閱讀理解解題策略

閱讀理解試題的考點1234考點1：細(xì)節(jié)理解題

考點2：主旨大意題考點3：推理判斷題考點4：詞意句意猜測題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題策略考查：對文中具體細(xì)節(jié)的辨識能力。提問：涉及面廣（時間、地點、結(jié)果、目的、原因、方式、費用等）。解題：定信息區(qū)間，比對定答案。技法：題干定位法、轉(zhuǎn)換法、首尾排除法、查讀分析法。技法細(xì)節(jié)理解題

正確選項同義替換語義轉(zhuǎn)換信息歸納用精練的語言概括文中較分散的信息正話反說原文意思反過來表達為正確選項原文原詞利用原文原詞細(xì)節(jié)理解題錯誤選項

張冠李戴是原文信息，但非題目要求內(nèi)容無中生有符合常識，但非文章內(nèi)容曲解文義表述相似原文，但非原文語義，或細(xì)節(jié)有變顛倒是非意思與原文大相徑庭，或完全相反正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤

高考真題舉例分析2016全國卷IIIA

Music…

RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:232-6220.

.24.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?

A.Ithasseatsintheopenair.

B.Itgivesshowsallyearround.

C.Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.

D.Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.1題干定位法

高考真題舉例分析

OnThursdaynight,whilePinawasbabysittinghergranddaughter,nephewandtwoniecesinhersister'sapartment,shesmelledsmokeandrealizedtheapartmentbuildingwasonfire.Whenher4-year-oldgranddaughterIleanaGarciabegansaying,“We'regoingtodie,”sheknewshehadtoact.Pina,39,firstsealedthedoor,andthentoldallfourchildrentogetonthefloor.Aftercalling911,shetoldthechildrentostartsingingandpromisedthemalltreatsassoonastheyreachedsafety.

WhenPinasawthefire,whichistherightorderofwhatshedid??toldchildrentolieonthefloor?letchildrenstartsinging?sealedthedoor?called911

A.

????B.????C.????D.????2首尾定位法

高考真題舉例分析2016江蘇卷C2.Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.3.…4.Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren，ages2-8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“childrenarereading

alotlessforfun”?A.InParagraph2.B.InParagraph3.C.InParagraph4.D.InParagraph5.3細(xì)讀分析法

主旨大意題解題策略考查：文章整體或段落概括和歸納能力。占比：4分考題：主旨概括，標(biāo)題歸納。最佳選項干擾選項1.涵蓋性強，覆蓋全文。2.范圍恰當(dāng)，不大不小。3.精準(zhǔn)性強。表述程度與色彩與文章相符。1.太寬泛，太籠統(tǒng)。2.覆蓋面偏窄，涉及部分內(nèi)容，具體細(xì)節(jié)。3.與短文有部分交集，但偏離文章主旨。4.移花接木，偷換概念。不同體裁的短文如何定位主旨大意記敘文故事+中心；故事+議論+故事首段表達感受，尾段升華主旨。中段議論部分表達主旨。說明文首段導(dǎo)入要介紹事物。議論文首段表達作者觀點，末段總結(jié)全文或重申論點。

閱讀理解主旨大意的訓(xùn)練課例

Whichofthefollowingsentencesislikelytobeatopicsentence?A.Thehotelservesfreehotcoffeefrom7to10amdaily.B.TherearemanyreasonswhyguestsfeelathomeattheRoger’sPleasureInn.C.Thelaundryroomhasanironingboard.D.ThereisanumberofextraservicesattheRoger’sPleasureInnincludingbaby-sitting.B

閱讀理解主旨大意的訓(xùn)練課例2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesislikelytobeatopicsentence?A.Thespeakerrelatedanumberofamusingstories,whichwerewelltoldasnaturallyascomical.Thetalkcoveredeveryaspectofthesubjectandincludedexamplesfromotherrelatedfields.Thelecturewaswide-ranging,amusing,andinformative.C高考真題舉例分析2018全國卷IIIAdultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearn

earlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeItorLeaveItB.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLess

D.ThePleasureofGiving高考真題舉例分析2018北京高考MyFirstMarathon(馬拉松)

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead...

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標(biāo)簽)，Icannowcallmyself

a"marathonwinner”.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus？

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.高考真題舉例分析(2019全國卷I)Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness高考閱讀理解之主旨大意解題策略文章開頭重點讀文章結(jié)尾多思量概括句子要上心位置可能在中間各段主題多留神例子假設(shè)向后看重復(fù)詞語是關(guān)鍵推理判斷題的解題策略

考查：理解全文基礎(chǔ)上，運用邏輯思維，借助一定常識進行分析、推理、判斷的能

力。題型：細(xì)節(jié)隱含義，觀點態(tài)度，寫作目的和意圖，文章出處，文中人物性格態(tài)度等。最佳選項干擾選項1.立足原文，只推一步。2.選項表達不可出現(xiàn)絕對性狀語。1.與常識吻合，但并非短文內(nèi)容推知，不是基于文本。2

推理過度，引申過度。偏離文本主題，屬主觀臆斷的結(jié)論。3.是文本的簡單重述，而非推斷性結(jié)論，把直接表達當(dāng)作間接推理。4.似是而非?？此剖窃耐茢啵瑢崉t與原文不符。策略：結(jié)構(gòu)上把握文脈，內(nèi)容上挖掘意蘊。高考真題舉例分析

（2019全國卷I）Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（裝置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（節(jié)奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.文章出處詞義猜測題的解題策略

考查：根據(jù)上下文中已知信息對單詞、詞組或句子的具體語義和代詞，

名詞的指代問題進行合理預(yù)測和預(yù)判的能力。涉及熟詞生義、生

僻詞義、詞組短語和代詞。最佳選項干擾選項1.與原文上下文聯(lián)系密切。2.可通過上下文內(nèi)容提示進行確認(rèn)，常見邏輯關(guān)系：定義和解釋，描述和例證，同義和反義，平行關(guān)系以及構(gòu)詞法。1.字面意思。2.原詞已被熟知語義，但非此語境

義。3.與上下文似乎吻合的錯誤定義。方法：基于特定語境和主題主旨的恰當(dāng)把握。根據(jù)語境推測詞義方法

12345根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋猜測

根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系進行猜測

根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜測根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法（前綴、后綴、派生等）猜測根據(jù)宏觀句義梳理代詞指代高考真題舉例分析

根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋猜詞1.Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.2.Itwillbeveryhardbutalso