賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解

賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ)

主s謂v賓o簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句一、什么是賓語(yǔ)從句？試比較二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ)序(人稱)時(shí)態(tài)DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當(dāng)句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（誰(shuí)的，作定語(yǔ)）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（為什么，作狀語(yǔ)）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（誰(shuí)，作主語(yǔ)）注：that在句中無(wú)詞義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)句子成分，在口語(yǔ)中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞(一)3.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表示“是否”之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份。if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.看一看：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想：when和if可以引導(dǎo)什么從句？它們的時(shí)態(tài)有什么特點(diǎn)？when和if既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定；在狀語(yǔ)從句中，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.及ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether及todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用whether注意：只能用whether不能用if的情況注意：只能用whether不能用if的情況1.當(dāng)ornot緊隨連詞之后時(shí)。如：Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcomeontime.我不知道他能否按時(shí)來(lái)。2.從句用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：Iaminterestedinwhetherhejoinedthearmy.我對(duì)他是否入伍很感興趣。3.在帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式前。如：Shedoesn'tknowwhethertogotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.她不知道是去看電影還是在家看電視。4.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句移至句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.這是否真實(shí)，我不敢肯定。Practicetime選擇if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________he

iswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether注意：只能用if不能用whether的情況

1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引導(dǎo)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.時(shí)態(tài)條件狀語(yǔ)從句：主將從現(xiàn)賓語(yǔ)從句：根據(jù)需要用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)

(二)、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）即：助動(dòng)詞不能放在主語(yǔ)前面。改一改

將下列問(wèn)句變成陳述句。

1.Canheswim?→

swim.

2.Doeshehaveapen?→

apen.

3.Whichplacedidhegoto?→Whichplace

.

4.What'swrongwithyou?→

.

5.Whathappenedtoyou?→

.

6.Whichisthewaytothestation?→

.

想一想為什么4，5，6語(yǔ)序不變？

HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhat'swrongwithyou說(shuō)一說(shuō)將上面的句子置于一個(gè)主句后，變成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。Whichisthewaytothestation

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?

Whoisoverthere？注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)(三).賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài))主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)保持不變一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

havereturned

hadbeen

risesPracticetime3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示客觀真理、普遍原理、自然現(xiàn)象、公式定理、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)、格言等，不論主句用何種時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（特殊性原則）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化

1.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide等，其后用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，若主從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.→HeagreedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為see,hear,watch,find等詞時(shí)，其后that賓語(yǔ)從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)多為不帶to的不定式或動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。如：Iheardthatshesangsomesongsinthenextroom.→Iheardhersingsomesongsinthenextroom.3.由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，若從句的主語(yǔ)及主句的主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)相一致時(shí)，可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.→Idon'tknowwhattodo.比一比Idon’tknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？

結(jié)論：由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句←→疑問(wèn)詞+todo的簡(jiǎn)單句。

條件：(1).主主從主

(2).主(間)賓從主練一練

1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句）

→Idon’tknow

next.

2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句）→Johndidn’tdecide

.

3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句）→Canyoutellme

thebusstop?

4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句）→Canyoutell

Lucy

theMP5.

賓語(yǔ)從句及簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換①②WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangettohowshecanuse賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine等詞時(shí)，并且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，從句的否定詞應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上來(lái)。其反意疑問(wèn)句看從句。如：Hewon’tcometomorrow.Ibelieve.

Idon'tbelievethathewillcometomorrow.Idon'tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit?

我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿,是嗎？Idon'tthinkyouareright，areyou?我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的,是嗎？Idon'tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday,willyou?我認(rèn)為你今天無(wú)法完成工作,是嗎？Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1

Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3

Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4

Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose六.課堂檢測(cè)Couldyoutellme

?A.wherethetwinswere

B.wherethetwinsare

CwherearethetwinsD.wherewerethetwinsA:Doyouknow

?

B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.

A.whenhecamehere

B.ifhewillcomehere

C.whyhecamehere

D.howhecamehere3.Shesaysshe

Englishfortenyears.

A.learned

B.haslearned

C.waslearning

D.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearth

round.

A.was

B.is

C.willbe

D.wouldbe5.Tellme

.A.whatwrongiswithhim

B.what'swrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhim

D.what'sthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme

.

A.whoisthegirl

B.whothegirlwas

C.whowasthegirl

D.whothegirlⅡ.Choosetherightanswers.BDBBDB賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that（陳述句

）if／whether（一般疑問(wèn)句

）特殊疑問(wèn)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句)時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳述句語(yǔ)序客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象公式定理名言警句時(shí)態(tài)不變七.本課小結(jié)()1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABCPractice()5.Couldyoushowme________?

A.howcanIgettothestation

B.whereisthestation

C.howIcouldgettothestation

D.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_______.

A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike

C.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim________.

A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived

C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.

A.whoisheB.whoheis

C.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?

A.youhaveboughtthewatch

B.youhavekeptthissciencebook

C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina

D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.

A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo

C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。

1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.

2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme____light____fasterthansound.

3.Willtherebeameetinginfivedays?Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.

thatwerethattravelsifwouldbe4．CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow______

___________

_______French.

5．Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6．Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang

____

_________

____

___homeworkyet.7．Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows____

_____

_____

____

____

____inthepicture?

howmanypeopleyoucanseeIf/whethertheycanspeakIf/whetherareplayingif/whether

he

hadfinishedhis8．Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9．Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10．Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.

Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.

if/whetherlivedwheresheparkedwhathetalkedwho

knocked12.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme___________________________.14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.

if/whetherwaswhathisname’swhenthetrainarrivesif/whetherwanted二、選擇填空。1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar4.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein6.Ican'tunderstand____theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.rise

B.rose

C.rises

D.hadrisen8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot9.Themanagercameuptosee_________A.whatwasthematter

B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter10.Heaskedhisfather___.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_____thecomputer.A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking13.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which14.─Wheredoyouthink____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another16.─Couldyoutellme___?─Yes.He__totheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone17.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.─Yes.Butifit____,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrainC.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe___itwhenshe_____.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives19.MissLiusaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what20.Heaskedme_____.A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if22.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid23.Idon’tknow______.A.whichroomIcanliveB.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanliveinD.whichroomcanIlivein24.－Doyouknowwhenhe____back?－Sorry,Idon’t.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome25Thegirlsaskedifthey__somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake26Marysaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen27Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aPEclasstoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are28.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whe