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賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解賓語(yǔ)從句課件與講解
We
know
him.
We
know
helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ)
主s謂v賓o簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句一、什么是賓語(yǔ)從句?試比較二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞)語(yǔ)序(人稱)時(shí)態(tài)DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
Pleasetellme
whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses
WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞)2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連詞既有詞義又充當(dāng)句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?(誰(shuí)的,作定語(yǔ))2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?(為什么,作狀語(yǔ))3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.(誰(shuí),作主語(yǔ))注:that在句中無(wú)詞義,在從句中不能充當(dāng)句子成分,在口語(yǔ)中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)
hewillbebackinanhour.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞(一)3.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表示“是否”之義,在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份。if/whether可互換,但whether…ornot為固定搭配.看一看:Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想:when和if可以引導(dǎo)什么從句?它們的時(shí)態(tài)有什么特點(diǎn)?when和if既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句中,時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定;在狀語(yǔ)從句中,遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.及ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether及todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用whether注意:只能用whether不能用if的情況注意:只能用whether不能用if的情況1.當(dāng)ornot緊隨連詞之后時(shí)。如:Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcomeontime.我不知道他能否按時(shí)來(lái)。2.從句用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)。如:Iaminterestedinwhetherhejoinedthearmy.我對(duì)他是否入伍很感興趣。3.在帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式前。如:Shedoesn'tknowwhethertogotothecinemaortowatchTVathome.她不知道是去看電影還是在家看電視。4.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句移至句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)。如:Whetherthisistrueornot,I'mnotsure.這是否真實(shí),我不敢肯定。Practicetime選擇if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________he
iswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.
if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether注意:只能用if不能用whether的情況
1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引導(dǎo)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.時(shí)態(tài)條件狀語(yǔ)從句:主將從現(xiàn)賓語(yǔ)從句:根據(jù)需要用相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)
(二)、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序:連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?
Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+連接詞+從句(主+謂+其他成分)即:助動(dòng)詞不能放在主語(yǔ)前面。改一改
將下列問(wèn)句變成陳述句。
1.Canheswim?→
swim.
2.Doeshehaveapen?→
apen.
3.Whichplacedidhegoto?→Whichplace
.
4.What'swrongwithyou?→
.
5.Whathappenedtoyou?→
.
6.Whichisthewaytothestation?→
.
想一想為什么4,5,6語(yǔ)序不變?
HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhat'swrongwithyou說(shuō)一說(shuō)將上面的句子置于一個(gè)主句后,變成一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。Whichisthewaytothestation
What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?
Whoisoverthere?注:當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí),語(yǔ)序不變:eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)(三).賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jim
(be)
aworkertwoyearsago.Jim
(be)anEnglishteachernow.
Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim
(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.
填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制,我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。(需要性原則)2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候,賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài),從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。(呼應(yīng)性原則)1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He
abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo
waswasreading
hiswork.hadfinished確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài))主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)保持不變一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.4.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)5.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)
willbe
goes
havereturned
hadbeen
risesPracticetime3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示客觀真理、普遍原理、自然現(xiàn)象、公式定理、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)、格言等,不論主句用何種時(shí)態(tài),從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(特殊性原則)Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.
Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化
1.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,agree,choose,wish,decide等,其后用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,若主從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí),從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如:HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.→HeagreedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.2.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為see,hear,watch,find等詞時(shí),其后that賓語(yǔ)從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)定語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),賓補(bǔ)多為不帶to的不定式或動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。如:Iheardthatshesangsomesongsinthenextroom.→Iheardhersingsomesongsinthenextroom.3.由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,若從句的主語(yǔ)及主句的主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)相一致時(shí),可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.→Idon'tknowwhattodo.比一比Idon’tknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)?
結(jié)論:由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句←→疑問(wèn)詞+todo的簡(jiǎn)單句。
條件:(1).主主從主
(2).主(間)賓從主練一練
1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句)
→Idon’tknow
next.
2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句)→Johndidn’tdecide
.
3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句)→Canyoutellme
thebusstop?
4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句)→Canyoutell
Lucy
theMP5.
賓語(yǔ)從句及簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換①②WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangettohowshecanuse賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine等詞時(shí),并且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),從句的否定詞應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上來(lái)。其反意疑問(wèn)句看從句。如:Hewon’tcometomorrow.Ibelieve.
Idon'tbelievethathewillcometomorrow.Idon'tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,doesit?
我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿,是嗎?Idon'tthinkyouareright,areyou?我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的,是嗎?Idon'tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday,willyou?我認(rèn)為你今天無(wú)法完成工作,是嗎?Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1
Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?
2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3
Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.
4
Doyouknowwhocaritis?
wasiswhose六.課堂檢測(cè)Couldyoutellme
?A.wherethetwinswere
B.wherethetwinsare
CwherearethetwinsD.wherewerethetwinsA:Doyouknow
?
B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.
A.whenhecamehere
B.ifhewillcomehere
C.whyhecamehere
D.howhecamehere3.Shesaysshe
Englishfortenyears.
A.learned
B.haslearned
C.waslearning
D.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearth
round.
A.was
B.is
C.willbe
D.wouldbe5.Tellme
.A.whatwrongiswithhim
B.what'swrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhim
D.what'sthematterwithhim6.Myfriendaskedme
.
A.whoisthegirl
B.whothegirlwas
C.whowasthegirl
D.whothegirlⅡ.Choosetherightanswers.BDBBDB賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that(陳述句
)if/whether(一般疑問(wèn)句
)特殊疑問(wèn)詞(特殊疑問(wèn)句)時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳述句語(yǔ)序客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象公式定理名言警句時(shí)態(tài)不變七.本課小結(jié)()1.
Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()2.
Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABCPractice()5.Couldyoushowme________?
A.howcanIgettothestation
B.whereisthestation
C.howIcouldgettothestation
D.howIcanreachthestation()6.Pleasetellme_______.
A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike
C.whathelikesD.whathelike()7.Mysistertoldhim________.
A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived
C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD()8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.
A.whoisheB.whoheis
C.whoisitD.whoitis()9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?
A.youhaveboughtthewatch
B.youhavekeptthissciencebook
C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina
D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.
A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo
C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.
Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.
Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”
Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。
1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.
2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme____light____fasterthansound.
3.Willtherebeameetinginfivedays?Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.
thatwerethattravelsifwouldbe4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow______
___________
_______French.
5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang
____
_________
____
___homeworkyet.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows____
_____
_____
____
____
____inthepicture?
howmanypeopleyoucanseeIf/whethertheycanspeakIf/whetherareplayingif/whether
he
hadfinishedhis8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.
Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.
if/whetherlivedwheresheparkedwhathetalkedwho
knocked12.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme___________________________.14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.
if/whetherwaswhathisname’swhenthetrainarrivesif/whetherwanted二、選擇填空。1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar4.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis5.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein6.Ican'tunderstand____theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.rise
B.rose
C.rises
D.hadrisen8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot9.Themanagercameuptosee_________A.whatwasthematter
B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter10.Heaskedhisfather___.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_____thecomputer.A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking13.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which14.─Wheredoyouthink____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another16.─Couldyoutellme___?─Yes.He__totheUSA.A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgoneC.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone17.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.─Yes.Butifit____,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrainC.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe___itwhenshe_____.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives19.MissLiusaid______shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what20.Heaskedme_____.A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if22.Youmustremember_______.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid23.Idon’tknow______.A.whichroomIcanliveB.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanliveinD.whichroomcanIlivein24.-Doyouknowwhenhe____back?-Sorry,Idon’t.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome25Thegirlsaskedifthey__somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake26Marysaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen27Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___aPEclasstoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are28.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whe
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