商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯Unit 5 Economy

Unit5Economy

--TranslationPracticeC-E改革開放30年以來，中國(guó)的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)保持了穩(wěn)定快速增長(zhǎng)。國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)9.3%，比改革開放前30年的年均增長(zhǎng)速度高3.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。與上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代世界經(jīng)濟(jì)2.5%的增長(zhǎng)速度相比，顯得更加突出。中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力明顯增強(qiáng)。2008年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值超過13萬億元，比1990年增長(zhǎng)近兩倍，排名世界第三，發(fā)展中國(guó)家第一。Duringthelast30yearsofreformandopeningtotheglobalmarkets,China’snationaleconomyhasmaintainedasteadyandrapidgrowth.GDPincreasedby9.7percentonanannualbasis,whichis3.2%higherthantheaverageannualgrowthrateinthe30yearspriortoreform.Thegrowthrateismoreoutstandingwhencomparedwithglobaleconomicgrowthofonly2.5%inthe1990s.China’seconomicstrengthhasincreasedsignificantly.In2008,GDPtotaledover13,000billionYuan,upnearly200%since1990,rankingfirstamongdevelopingcountriesandthirdworldwide.VocabularyPreparation國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)改革開放穩(wěn)定快速增長(zhǎng)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)速度在……前經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力排名世界第三躍居世界首位nationaleconomyreformandopeningsteadyandrapidgrowthGDP(grossdomesticproduct)averageannualgrowthratepriortoeconomicstrengthrankthirdworldwidecomefirstintheworld外匯儲(chǔ)備1989年只有55.5億美元，2008年底已增加到1.95萬億美元，躍居世界第一位。糧食儲(chǔ)備創(chuàng)歷史最高水平。經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的質(zhì)量和效益不斷提高。企業(yè)進(jìn)行了全面的技術(shù)改造。2008年每萬元國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值消耗的能源比1990年下降73.3%。今年已有35家大公司進(jìn)入世界500強(qiáng)。教育事業(yè)得到前所未有的發(fā)展，國(guó)民素質(zhì)普遍提高。財(cái)政收入大幅度增加，2008年達(dá)到61316.9億元。VocabularyPreparation外匯儲(chǔ)備糧食儲(chǔ)備創(chuàng)歷史最高紀(jì)錄經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行效益全面的技術(shù)改革世界500強(qiáng)教育事業(yè)前所未有的國(guó)民素質(zhì)財(cái)政收入大幅度地foreignexchangereservesgrainreserveshitanall-timehigheconomicperformanceefficiencyall-aroundtechnologicalrenovationtheranksofglobaltop500educationalundertakingunprecedentedpeople’squalityfinancialrevenueconsiderablyChina’sforeignexchangereservesssoaredfromUS$5.55billionin1989toUS$1950billionbytheendof2008,rankingfirstworldwide.Grainreservesalsohitanall-timehigh.Thequalityandefficiencyofeconomicperformancehaveimprovedsteadily.Chineseenterpriseshaveundertakencompletetechnologicalrenovation.From1990to2008,theenergyconsumptionfor10,000YuanworthofGDPdroppedby73.3%.35large-scaledChinesecompanieshaveenteredtheranksoftheglobaltop500thisyear.Witharenewedfocusoneducationandunprecedenteddevelopmentoftheeducationalsystem,Chinesepeople’qualityhasimproveddramatically.Revenuehasalsogainedsharpincreases,reaching6131.69billionYuanin2008.VocabularyPreparationbudget預(yù)算deficit虧損，赤字budgetdeficit預(yù)算赤字，財(cái)政赤字tradedeficit貿(mào)易逆差

surplus盈余currency通貨，貨幣

illustrate表明，說明perceive察覺，領(lǐng)會(huì)erode侵蝕，腐蝕purchasingpower購(gòu)買力utilization利用robust強(qiáng)健的，強(qiáng)壯的E-CEconomicconditionsincludethefollowingaspects:1)Governmentbudgetdeficitsorsurpluses.Themarketusuallyreactsnegativelytowideninggovernmentbudgetdeficits,andpositivelytonarrowingbudgetdeficits.Theimpactisreflectedinthevalueofcountry’shomecurrency.經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況包括以下幾個(gè)方面：（1）政府財(cái)政赤字或盈余。市場(chǎng)通常都會(huì)對(duì)政府赤字?jǐn)U大做出負(fù)面的反應(yīng)，而對(duì)預(yù)算赤字縮小做出積極的反應(yīng)。這些反應(yīng)往往會(huì)通過國(guó)內(nèi)貨幣價(jià)值顯現(xiàn)出來。2)Balanceoftradelevelandtrends.Thetradeflowbetweencountriesillustratesthedemandforgoodsandservices,whichinturnindicatesdemandforacountry’shomecurrencytoconducttrade.Surplusesanddeficitsintradeofgoodsandservicesreflectthecompetitivenessofanation’seconomy.Therefore,tradedeficitsmayhaveanegativeimpactonanation’shomecurrency.（2）貿(mào)易水平的平衡和趨勢(shì)。國(guó)家間的貿(mào)易流動(dòng)不僅能顯示各國(guó)對(duì)商品和服務(wù)的需求，而且也能顯示進(jìn)行貿(mào)易所需的貨幣的供應(yīng)。商品和服務(wù)貿(mào)易中的盈余或赤字反映的是一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。因此，貿(mào)易赤字會(huì)對(duì)一國(guó)貨幣造成負(fù)面影響。3)Inflationlevelsandtrends.Typically,acurrencywilllosevalueifthereisahighlevelofinflationinthecountryorifinflationlevelsareperceivedtoberising.Thisisbecauseinflationerodespurchasingpower,thisdemand,forthatparticularcurrency.（3）通貨膨脹的水平和趨勢(shì)。如果一個(gè)國(guó)家的通貨膨脹水平較高或者人們認(rèn)為該國(guó)的通貨膨脹水平會(huì)持續(xù)增高，則該國(guó)的貨幣就會(huì)貶值。其原因是通貨膨脹會(huì)削弱該國(guó)貨幣的購(gòu)買力和對(duì)該貨幣的需求。4)Economicgrowthandhealth.ReportssuchasGDP,employmentlevels,retailsales,capacityutilizationandothers,detailthelevelsofacountry’seconomicgrowthandhealth.Generally,themor