哈克貝利芬恩歷險記

TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn非師一班張洪娜ContentBackgroundCharactersThemeCommentAllmodernAmericanliteraturecomesfromonebookbyMarkTwaincalledHuckleberryFinn.Therewasnothingbefore.TherehasbeennothingasgoodsinceBackgroundTheeveoftheoutbreakoftheAmericanCivilWarTheevilofbourgeoisie(資產(chǎn)階級）anddecadent(墮落的）lifestyleofslaveryRacialdiscriminationSlaveryandpersecutionCharactersHuckleberryFinnAdaptedchildSmartLovethenaturePursuitfreedomKindheartedBraveryDevotedtofriendStrong-mindedCharactersJimSlaveofMissWatsonBrave,daretoescapetheslaveryFaithfultoHuckWarmheartedtofriendProtectiveMakegreathelptothegrowthofHuckCharacterAnalysisForHuck,Jimwasnothiscompanion,butmoreimportantly,hebecamehisintimatefriend.ForJim,HecaresHucklikeamotherandguideshimlikeafather.Eventhoughtheywereclose,theycamefromtwocompletelyoppositeraces,withJimbeingablack.TohelpJimornotwastheproblemhauntingHuckthroughoutthewholeJourneyforhissoundheartconflictedwiththecontemporarysocialmorals.MainClueThemainclueofthisnovelwasawhiteboyHuckwhohelpedarunawayslaveJimgainsfreedom.Thewriternarratedthestoryinfirstperson,whichenablesreaderstoappreciatethesignificanceofthenoveldirectlyanddeeply.ThetwoheroesHuckandJimstandfortwodifferentclasses.Inthewindingandadventurousjourney,HuckandJimhavebuiltupaneverlastingfriendshipthathasbrokendownthebarrierbetweenthewhiteandblack.ThemeofFriendship

Thedevelopingfriendshipbetweenawhiteboy(Huck)andablackslave(Jim)isthemaindrivingforceofthisnovel.ItisthisfriendshipthatmakesHuck’sdecisionofwhethertohelpJimescapeslaverysodifficult.Huck'sultimatechoicepitshimagainsteverythinghadpreviouslyknowntoberight.Huckmakesseveralcommentsthroughoutthebookthatletusknowhowseriouslyhetakeshisfriendships.Hevaluesloyaltymosthighly,andthatleadshimtostickwithJim(whoproveshisloyaltytoHuckseveraltimes)totheend.Throughoutthecourseofthestory,manyfriendshipsaretestedagainandagain,butwhetherornottheidealoffriendshipprevailsattheendofthedayissubjecttodebate.

ThemeofMoralityandEthics

Thirteen-year-oldHuckFinn’snarrationinthisnovelfocuseslargelyonhisinternalmoralstruggles.Forcedtoreconcilehispersonalfeelingsoffriendshipforanescapedslavewithwhatsocietyhastoldhimis"right,"Hucklearnsthroughthecourseofthestorytotrusthismoralinstincts.Despitehisactions,however,thequestionremainsattheendofnovelastowhetherHuckistrulyabletoovercomethepervadingethosofthepre-CivilWarSouth.Youcouldargueeitherway.Huckwasamazinglystrong-willedandintouchwithhisownpersonalsenseofmoralitytoturnawayfromsociety’spressuresandthelaw’sthreats.Buttheendofthenovelissomewhatambiguous.Tocomplicatematters,throughoutthestoryHuckdoestendtothinkonethingandthenturnrightaroundandbelieveanother.

Comment

Thebookisnotedforitsinnocentyoungprotagonist(主角,主要人物),itscolorfuldescriptionofpeopleandplacesalongtheMississippiRiver,anditssober(樸素的,樸實(shí)的)andoftenscathinglookatentrenched(十分頑固的)attitudes,particularlyracism,ofthetime.ThedriftingjourneyofHuckleberryFinnandhisfriendNiggerJim,arunawayslave,downtheMississippiRiverontheirraftmaybeoneofthemostenduringimagesofescapeandfreedominallofAmericanliterature.AlthoughtheSouthernsocietyitsatirized