2020上海長寧、金山區(qū)高考英語一模

/10this--thelargewindowsopentoalovely,softevening--awhitefeathercomesfloatingdownbymyside.Probablyfromoneoftheresidentpigeons.AsIdon'thavetheluxuryofagarden,thistreemakesmefellconnectedtotheoutdoors.Suchanancienttree,atreethatisitselfhometomanyothercreatures--thatfeelsdifferent.Itisasifithasadoptedmeandmademeapartofitsworld,withouteveraskingforsomethinginreturn.Butifneedsbe,IknowthatitcancountonmeandIwillprotectitwithallmystrength.Theflatthatauthorlivesinis.builtinanancienttreeB.huggedbyagianttreeC.decoratedwithbranchesD.surroundedbyagardenIntheauthor'sdescription,sheimpliesthat.birdskeepherwarmcompanyB.shehasbeenlivingontreeproductsC.mossmakesherflatniceandcoolD.shehasbeenbotheredbytheinsectsWhatdoestheauthorreallytreasure?Aclose-to-naturelife.B.Aluxuriousgarden.C.Aspacioushouse.D.Asociableneighbor.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtoexpresstheauthor'sfeeling?Jealous.B.Inferior.C.Content.D.Passionate.(B)TheSleepofYourDreamsAccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,athirdofusdon'tgetnearlyenoughshut-eye.Ourcollectivetirednesshaspromoteda$41billionmarketfordevicespromisingmore--andhigher-quality--sleep.Inmyeverlastingsearchfordowntime,Itestedsomeofthemostpromisingones.Here'showtheystackedup.Eightsleeptracker$299Thismattress(床墊)topperfitsunderasheetand“turnsanybedintoasmartbed,"accordingtoEight.WhileIslept,thesensor-Dream-padpillow$149andupTheDream-padusessmoothsoundscapestohelpyoupowerdown.ConnectthedevicetoyourphoneviaBluetoothorUSB,

decoratedpadgathereddatalikeheartrate,andthepillowemitssoftmusic,audibleonlytoperiodsofdeepestsleep,andnumberofturns.Ityouasyoulayyourheaddown.Therearetenwaseasytouse,andIlikedthewarmingfeature,tracksonoffer.Ididn'tdriftoffanyfasterwithwhichletmeseteachsideofthebedtoatheDream-pad,butitdidhelpmefallbackdifferenttemperature.asleepwhenIwokeupatnight.REMScore:8(outof10)REMScore:6SmartNoraWirelessSnoringSolutionNightingaleSmartHomeSleepSystem$299$149Myeight-hourrestfulhappinessisTheNightingaleishi-tech.Twoapp-frequentlyinterruptedbymyhusband'ssnoring.enabledunitswraptheroominablanketofTheSmartNorarelievesmeoftheneedtopushwarmsound.Youcanalsoprogramthesystemhim.Whenthebedsideaudiosensordetectsatoprovideweatherandtrafficinformationwhenbreathingdisturbance,itslowlyblowsuptheyouwakeup.Theonlydownside:instandbyoffender'spillow,gentlyshiftingthemintoamode,itemitsafaintnoise.freer-breathingposition.MyhusbandREMScore:9sometimeswokeupbrieflybutwassoonasleepagain.REMScore:8*REM:rapideyemovement(describesaperiodofsleepduringwhichyoudreamandyoureyesmakesmallmovements)By“howtheystackedup”inparagraph1,theauthorprobablymeans“howtheyA.makesensetomanufacturersB.getstuckinstoresC.arecomparedwitheachotherD.arepileduptogether.Whichofthefollowingdevicesfavourablyreactstousers?A.Dream-padpillowB.EightsleeptrackerC.SmartNoraWirelessSnoringSolutionD.NightingaleSmartHomeSleepSystemWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheEightkeepstheentirebedatthesametemperature.TheNightingaleisaneconomicalbutperfectdevice.Softmusicisappliedtoallthesefourdevices.Oneinthreepeoplesufferfromsleepproblem.(C)Anepidemicistheoccurrenceofadiseasewhichaffectsaverylargenumberofpeoplelivinginanareaandwhichspreadsquicklytootherpeople.Likeinfectiousdiseases,ideasintheacademicworldarespreadable.Butwaysometravelfarandwidewhileequallygoodonesremaininrelativeinsignificancehasbeenamystery.Nowateamofcomputerscientistshasusedanepidemiologicalmodeltoimitatehowideasmovefromoneacademicinstitutiontoanother.Themodelshowedthatideasoriginatingatfamousinstitutionscausedbigger“epidemics”thanequallygoodideasfromlesswell-knownplaces,explainsAllisonMorgan,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofColoradoBoulderandleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Thisimpliesthatwhereanideaisbornshapeshowfaritspreads,holdingthequalityoftheideaconstant.”saysseniorauthorAaronClauset,alsoatBoulder.Notonlyisthisunfair--“itrevealsabigweaknessinhowwe'redoingscience,”saysSimonDeDeo,aprofessorofsocialanddecisionsciencesatCarnegieMellonUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Therearemanyhighlytrainedpeoplewithgoodideaswhodonotendupattopinstitutions.“Theyareproducinggoodideas,andweknowthoseideasaregettinglost,”DeDeosays.“Ourscience,ourscholarship,isnotasgoodbecauseofthis.”TheColoradoresearchersanalyzedanexistingdatasetofcomputersciencedepartmenthiresinNorthAmerica,aswellasadatabaseofpublicationsbythesehires.Firsttheylookedathowfivebigideasincomputersciencespreadtonewinstitutions.Theyfoundthathiringanewmemberaccountedforthismovementalittlemorethanathirdofthetime--andin81percentofthosecases,transferstookplacefromhigher-tolower-statusuniversities.Thentheteamimitatedthebroadcastingofideasusinganinfectiousdiseasemodelandfoundthatthesizeofanidea“epidemic”(asmeasuredbythenumberofinstitutionsthatpublishedstudiesonanideaafteritoriginated)dependedonthestatusoftheoriginatinginstitution.ThefindingswerepublishedonlinelastOctoberinEPJDataScience.Theresearchers'modelsuggeststhatthere“maybeanumberofquitegoodideasthatoriginateinthemiddleofthepack,intermsofuniversities,”Clausetsays.DeDeoagrees.Thereisalotofgoodworkcomingoutoflessfamousplaces,hesays:“Youcanlearnahugeamountfromit,andyoucanlearnthingsthatotherpeopledon'tknowbecausethey'renotevenpayingattention.”Theword“this”inparagraph2referstothefactthat.A.thetimewhengoodideaswereborndecideshowfartheymayspread/10thequalityoftheoriginalideastendstobenoteasytomaintaingoodideasfromlessimportantinstitutionslackinfluencescholarsininsignificantinstitutionsconsidertheirideasvaluelessThecaseofsomehiresinparagraph3isusedtoindicate.A.thestatisticstheepidemologicalmodelprovidesfortheresearcherswhytheoriginatinginstitutionstransfertheirnewfindingshowtheycarrytheideasfromlower-tohigher-statusinstitutionsD.thewaythemovementsofsomenewideashappenandtheireffectsResearcherssuchasClausetareverymuchconcernedabout.A.losingquiteanumberofgreatandcreativethoughtsmissingtheopportunitiesofgettingmorewell-knownmisusingtheepidemiologicalmodelinscientificresearchareashavingdifficultyinfindingmorepropersciencedepartmenthiresWhichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.InfectiousDiseasesB.OriginalIdeasC.IdeaEpidemicD.EpidemiologicalModelSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Sowetrytopushbackthetideandkeepupbymulti-tasking.Nowonderpeoplesaythey'retoobusytoseefriends,exerciseorsleep.Woulditsurpriseyoutohearthatwehavemoreleisuretimetodaythanever?Howcanwelearntospendtimeinawaythat'smorelikelytoleadtohappinessandsuccess?It'ssomethingthateconomisthavebeenpuzzlingoverandthey'veidentifiedseveralreasons.Thenyouwillhavefeweremptyexperiencesandfarorethatareworthyofyourprecioustime.TheFullnessofTimeMostofusthinkwehaveverylittletime,butthetruthisweactuallyhavealot-onaverage,fivehours49minuteseachday,whichmeanswetypicallyhavesomewherebetween36and40hoursavailabletobespenteveryweekhoweverwewant.Sowhydon'twefeeltime-rich?67Oneisthatweearnmore,sotimefeelsmoreexpensive.Thenthere'sthewaywe'vecometoseebusyness/10asastatussymbol:importantpeoplearebusy,sowewanttobebusy,too.Addtothatthefloodofincomingemailsandtexts,alongwiththeendlessoceanofpossibilities,andit'seasytoseewheretimegoes.Asecondfactoristhecomparisonwemakebetweenwhatwecandoandwhatothersaredoing,makingusanxious.68Thisfoolsusintothinkingwe'rebeingmoreproductivewithourworktime,sowetrytodoitwithourleisuretime,too.Whenwe'replayingwithoutkids,wecheckFacebook.Whenwe'rehangingoutwithonegroupoffriends,wepostpicturestoshowanother.Thisissomethingsociologistscall‘pollutedtime'.We'realsoaddictedtoourdevices.In2007,theamountofleisuretimewespentondeviceslikesmartphonescouldbemeasuredinminutes.Now,wespendonaverage3.5hoursadayonline.69Youmightbewonderingwhyyouneedhelpdecidinghowtospendyourfreetime--afterallyouknowthesortofthingsyouenjoy,sowhatcouldbesodifficult?PsychologistMihalyCsikszentmihalyihasasurprisingopiniononit.“Thepopularassumptionisthatnoskillsareinvolvedinenjoyingfreetime,anybodycandoit.Yettheevidencesuggeststheopposite;freetimeismoredifficulttoenjoythanwork.”Worryingly,scientistshavefoundthatpeopleareoftennohappierafteraholidaythanifthey'dnevertakenone.70Thequestionstillremainsunsettled.□.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Cryptocurrency（加密貨幣）Makingpaymentsonlineisveryeasythesedaysifyouhaveacreditcardorabankcardthatusedapaymentnetwork.Sendingmoneyonlinetoafriend,youhavetouseapaymentservicelikeGooglePayorPayPal,ormakeabanktransfer.However,thereisusuallyasignificantdelaybeforethereceivercanusethemoney,andtransferscanhavesizeablefees.In2008,agroupofpeoplepublishedapaperdescribingaprocessthatwouldusecrypto-graph（密碼學(xué)）tocreateasecureelectroniccashsystem,knownasacryptocurrency.Person-to-personpaymentscouldbemadeonlineusingasharednetworkofcomputersinsteadofabankorotherfinancialorganization.Eachtransactioncouldhappenveryquickly.Thesharednetworkofcomputerswouldalsoserveasthemeanstoconfirmthosetransactionssafely.Gettingridoftheneedforacentralizedbankingsystemwouldopenupthepossibilityforanyonetobecomepartofthedigitaleconomy.Today,thereareoverathousanddifferentcryptocurrencies.MostarestilltryingtobevalidglobalpaymentsystemslikeBitc