2023學(xué)年完整版Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote設(shè)計(jì)11

Unit3TheMillionPoundBank-Note教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)教材分析和教材重組教材分析本單元的主要內(nèi)容是根據(jù)馬克·吐溫的名著《百萬(wàn)英鎊》改編而成的劇本中的幾個(gè)片斷。1.WarmingUp部分提出問(wèn)題，通過(guò)對(duì)馬克·吐溫及其作品的討論引發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣，使學(xué)生對(duì)馬克·吐溫及其作品有個(gè)初淺的了解。2.Pre-reading部分要求學(xué)生展開(kāi)想象，假如自己有了一張百萬(wàn)英鎊的鈔票會(huì)怎么做，并闡述自己對(duì)《百萬(wàn)英鎊》這部電影的評(píng)價(jià)。3.Reading部分是劇本中第一幕的第三場(chǎng)。富商兄弟倆打賭把一張百萬(wàn)英鎊鈔票給一個(gè)一無(wú)所有、誠(chéng)實(shí)可靠的窮人，想看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。最后他們物色到一個(gè)窮困潦倒、流落倫敦街頭的美國(guó)小伙子HenryAdams。教師可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)戲劇情節(jié)的發(fā)展，了解、感受戲劇的語(yǔ)言。同時(shí)，還可利用劇本的朗誦和表演幫助學(xué)生改進(jìn)語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)。4.Comprehending部分FactorOpinion的練習(xí)和幾個(gè)形容詞的填空練習(xí)旨在檢測(cè)學(xué)生對(duì)事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)的判斷，加強(qiáng)對(duì)部分詞語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)境中的理解和運(yùn)用。5.LearningaboutLanguage部分通過(guò)英語(yǔ)釋義、語(yǔ)篇填空等形式幫助學(xué)習(xí)理解掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯，并通過(guò)先發(fā)現(xiàn)再簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)用的模式幫助學(xué)生了解、掌握本單元的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目：賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句。6.UsingLanguage部分中的Readingandacting介紹了第一幕的第四場(chǎng)。這一場(chǎng)生動(dòng)地講述了衣衫襤褸的流浪漢HenryAdams到餐館用餐先遭冷遇，而后由于拿出了一張百萬(wàn)英鎊的大鈔又倍受關(guān)照的有趣故事。作者用詼諧的筆調(diào)諷刺了資本主義社會(huì)拜金主義者的丑陋嘴臉。7.在Listeningandwriting中又介紹了第五場(chǎng)，進(jìn)一步印證了HenryAdams誠(chéng)實(shí)正直的品格。教材重組1.將WarmingUp，Pre-reading，Reading與Comprehending整合在一起上一節(jié)“閱讀課”。2.將LearningaboutLanguage和Workbook的usingwordsandexpressions及usingstructures整合在一起上一節(jié)“語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)課”。3.將UsingLanguage設(shè)計(jì)為一節(jié)包括聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)在內(nèi)的“綜合技能課（一）”。4.將Workbook的READINGANDLISTENING和TALKING結(jié)合在一起上一節(jié)“聽(tīng)說(shuō)課”。5.將Workbook的LISTENINGTASK，READINGANDWRITINGTASK和SPEAKINGTASK設(shè)計(jì)為一節(jié)“綜合技能課（二）”。課時(shí)分配1stPeriodReading2ndPeriodLanguagestudy3rdPeriodIntegratingskills(Ⅰ)4thPeriodListeningandSpeaking5thPeriodIntegratingskills(Ⅱ)PartOne.TeachingDesign(第一部分：教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì))Period1.Asamplelessonplanforreading(SCENES3,ACTONEof￡1000000BANKNOTE)TeachingAimsTohelpstudentsdeveloptheirreadingabilityTohelpstudentslearnaboutEnglishplaywritingTeachingimportant&difficultpointsHelpstudentsdeveloptheirreadingabilityHelpstudentslearnaboutEnglishplaywritingTeachingPeriodsOneperiodTeachingProceduresI.WarmingupbylearningvocabularyTodaywearegoingtoatheatre.Beforewego,weshallgetreadywiththewordsandexpressionsusedintheplaywearegoingtowatch.Turntopage98andgooverthevocabularylist.II.Pre-readingGivingbackgroundinformationaboutTwainMarkTwain,Mark(1835-1910)Americanwriter.MarkTwainoncesaid,"Tobelieveyourselftobebraveistobebrave;itistheonlyessentialthing."Twainisfamousfor"TomSawyer,""AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,"andotherbooks,alongwithessays,criticalwork,andmore./MarkTwain(SamuelLanghorneClemens)isoneofthemostfamouswritersinAmericanliterature.Twainwenttoworkin1847whenhisfatherdied.Hestartedoffasanapprenticetoaprinter,andfromthere,hewroteforhisbrother'snewspaperandworkedasariverboatpilot(1857-61).III.Reading1.ListeningBackgroundinformation英文大片片名Holiday羅馬假日Bridge魂斷藍(lán)橋GoldRush淘金夢(mèng)Diana黛安娜王妃Tom'sCabin湯姆叔叔的小屋Eyre簡(jiǎn).愛(ài)WithTheWind亂世佳人ModernTimes摩登時(shí)代World未來(lái)世界舞臺(tái)生涯Gump阿甘正傳SoundOfMusic音樂(lè)之聲MillionPoundBankNote百萬(wàn)英鎊泰坦尼克號(hào)OnTheNile尼羅河上的慘案Story愛(ài)情故事King獅子王人鬼情未了PrinceofEgypt埃及王子Lincoln林肯傳andPrejudice傲慢與偏見(jiàn)Story玩具總動(dòng)員Lies真實(shí)的謊言Park朱羅紀(jì)公園World失落的世界3.ReadingandunderliningWhatwouldhappentoaperfectlyhonestandintelligentstrangerwhoshouldbeturnedadriftinLondonwithoutafriend,andwithnomoneybutamillion-poundbank-note,andnowaytoaccountforhisbeinginpossessionofit?Wouldhestarvetodeathornot?Wouldhegetarrestedifhetriedtochangeit?Couldheliveforamonthwithoutbeingsenttojail?Nowreadtheplayandunderlineallthecollocationsinthepassage.Youareaskedtocopythemintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromACTONEofTheMillionPoundBank-Noteanincredibletale難以置信的故事,havesomeverybadluck非常倒霉,belostinLondon在倫敦迷路,havenomoney身無(wú)分文,walkdownthestreet在街上走,hear…~ing…聽(tīng)見(jiàn)……正在做某事,stepinside走進(jìn)來(lái),amoment一會(huì)兒,throughthefrontdoor從前門(mén)進(jìn)來(lái),onone’sleft在某人的左側(cè),openthedoorfor…給……開(kāi)門(mén),permit…todosth.準(zhǔn)許……做,askafewquestions問(wèn)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題,gorightahead請(qǐng)問(wèn)吧,havenoplans沒(méi)有什么計(jì)劃,findwork找工作,asamatteroffact其實(shí)，事實(shí)上,landinBritain在英國(guó)上岸,byaccident偶然,backhome在家時(shí),sailoutofthebay駕船駛出海灣,stareat眼睛盯著看,towardsnightfall接近傍晚時(shí)分,find…~ed發(fā)現(xiàn)某事/某人被……,becarriedouttosea被帶到海上,astrongwind一陣大風(fēng),give…upforlost因迷失而放棄,bespottedbyaship被一艘海船發(fā)現(xiàn),earnone’spassageby…通過(guò)……賺來(lái)某人的游費(fèi),workasanunpaidhand作為一個(gè)不拿工資的幫手,accountfor…說(shuō)明理由；足以說(shuō)明,smileat…相顧而笑,worryabout對(duì)……擔(dān)心,workfor…為……工作,offersb.sth.提供某人某物,aminingcompany一家礦業(yè)公司,tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō),onone’sway在……的路上,careabout…在意……,get…from…從……拿來(lái),callto…叫……來(lái),anhonestjob老老實(shí)實(shí)的工作,show…out送……出去,inanhourandahalf一個(gè)半小時(shí)以后4.Reading,identifyingandsettlingAttention,please!Itistimetoskimtheplayonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.5.ReadingandtransferringWritedownalltheverbphrasesfromthetext,inorderoftheeventshappeningtoHenryAdams.WhatdoesHenryAdamsdo?stepinside,comeandsitdown…IV.ClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesInthelastfiveminuteslet’sdothecomprehensionexercises1and2onpage19.Checkyouranswersagainstyourneighbour’swhenyouhavefinished.ClosingdownbytranslatingToendtheperiodyouaregoingtoputthefollowingintoEnglish.百萬(wàn)英鎊TheMillionPoundNote富豪之家的兩兄弟，從銀行取出面額為一百萬(wàn)英鎊的鈔票，籍以此驗(yàn)證各自的理論。一個(gè)認(rèn)為，這樣一張鈔票對(duì)窮人毫無(wú)價(jià)值；另一個(gè)認(rèn)為，僅擁有這樣一張鈔票（不兌現(xiàn)），就可以過(guò)上上等人的生活。他們選中了一個(gè)身無(wú)分文的年輕人作為試驗(yàn)品。于是，這個(gè)小伙子經(jīng)濟(jì)上的突變，引起了生活方式的改變。他人的種種誤解，命運(yùn)的重重轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，他將如何去面對(duì)這突如其來(lái)的全新生活呢？AdditionalMaterialsCompletethesummaryofthestorywithonewordineachblank.SCENES3,ACTONEof￡1000000BANKNOTEHenryAdams,anAmerican1,onedayfoundhimselflostin2.Infact,hehadhisownboatinthe3ofSanFrancisco,andhadbeencarriedouttoseabyastrong4whilesailingoutofthebay.Luckily,hewas5byashipboundforBritainandlandedthere.Hungryandpenniless,nowhewas6downthestreetwhenhewascalledintoaroom,wheretwobrothersweremakingabet.Thenhewastreadedwithsomanystrange7—howwelldoyouknowaboutLondon?howmuchmoneydoyouhave?…thathethoughttheyweremakingfunofhim.Butlater,hewasgivenan8withaletteraswellas9initandwastoldnottoopenuntil10.Althoughhedidn’tquiteunderstandwhythetwobrothersdidthat,hemadeitpromisetodowhattheyhadaskedhimtoandmadehiswaydirecttoarestaurantafterhelefttheroom.(Key.1.businessman2.London3.city4.wind5.spotted6.walking7.questions8.envelope9.money10.2o’clock)Comprehensionquestions1.WhatdidhappentoMr.AdamsbeforehelandinBritain?A.HejustsailedoutofthebayforatravelB.HeplannedtogotoBritainbyhisownboat.Hisboatwasbrokenbyastrongwind.Hisboatwascarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.2.Whatdoes“spot”meaninthetext?A.discoverB.apointC.aplaceD.save3.WhatdidMr.Adamsfeelwhenheheardoneofthebrotherssaying“Whatluck!Brother!Whatluck!”?A.Hefelthewaslucky,too.B.Hethoughttheylaughedathim.C.Hewasabitofangryandisreadytoleave.Hefeltthetwobrotherswouldhelphim.4.WhatthecharacterdidMr.Adamshaveaccordingtothepassage?A.Ayoung,kindbutsillyperson.B.Ayoung,proudandhard-workingman.C.Acareful,kindandpoorman.D.Ayoung,richandhappyman.5.WhatdidMr.Adamsaskforfromthetwobrothers?A.Ahousetostayforashortmoment.B.Aletterwithabanknoteworthmillionpoundinit.C.Anhonestjob.D.Charityfromthetwobrothers.(Keys.DACBC)Notestosomedifficultsentences1.Arichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike.Whatwillyoudowithif?一個(gè)有錢(qián)人給了你一大筆錢(qián)讓你隨意花，你會(huì)拿它做些什么？alargeamountof常用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，有時(shí)也可用于修飾可數(shù)名詞。如：Nowhehasalargeamountofmoney.Hecandoanythinghewantswithit.現(xiàn)在他有了一大筆錢(qián)，他就可以做他想做的事了。Noamountofliescancoveritup.再多的謊言也掩蓋不了這點(diǎn)。dowith對(duì)待；處理；處置。如：“Whathaveyoudonewiththewastepaper？”咱們?cè)趺刺幚磉@些廢紙。2.Haveyouevermadeabetwithafriend？Ifso,whatdidyoubeton?你和你的朋友打過(guò)賭嗎？如果打過(guò)，賭的是什么？makeabet打賭。如：Wemadeabetontheoutcomeofthenexthorserace.我們就下次賽馬的結(jié)果打了個(gè)賭。Imadeabetthatwewouldwinthefootballmatch.我打賭我們會(huì)贏那場(chǎng)足球賽。bet用作名詞，表示agreementtoriskmoney,etconaneventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful賭博。makeabet類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)：haveabet打賭win/loseabet打賭贏/輸了accept/takeupabet同意打賭themoney,etcriskedinthisway(金錢(qián)等)賭注。用作動(dòng)詞，表示：1）risk(money)onaraceorsomeothereventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful打賭;賭博。Mrs.Blackspentallhermoneybettingonhorses.布萊克夫人把她所有的錢(qián)都花在了賭馬上。2）Ibet…=(informal)I’mcertain…我肯定。Ibethe’sgonetoswimming–helovesit.我敢肯定他去游泳了，他喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。3.Haveyoueverreadthestory“TheMillionPoundBand-Note”?你讀過(guò)“百萬(wàn)英鎊”這個(gè)故事嗎？“TheMillionPoundBand-Note”《百萬(wàn)英鎊》，是美國(guó)作家馬克·吐溫的短篇小說(shuō)。大意是一個(gè)流落倫敦街頭的窮光蛋忽然得到了一張百萬(wàn)英鎊的鈔票，他的生活由此而改變，人們的態(tài)度也隨著鈔票的得而復(fù)失、失而復(fù)得而做180度的大轉(zhuǎn)彎，諷刺了赤裸裸的拜金主義。4.Nowladiesandgentlemen,youareabouttohearthemostincredibletale.女士們，先生們，你們將要聽(tīng)到一個(gè)最令人難以置信的故事。beabouttodo正要（即將）做某事JustasIwasabouttoleavetheroom,thetelephonerang.我正要離開(kāi)房間，電話(huà)鈴響了。Hewasabouttosaysomethingwhenhesawherwinkingathim.他剛要開(kāi)口，突然看到她在向自己使眼色。incredible(adj.)(informal)difficulttobelieve;amazingorfantastic難以置信的；不可思議的；驚人的；奇異的Sallyearnsanincredibleamountofmoneyinthatcompany.薩莉在那家公司薪水多的驚人。TheGateshadanincredible(extremelygood)holidayinGreece.蓋茨一家在希臘度過(guò)了一個(gè)極愉快的假日。impossibletobelieve不可相信Theytoldusanincrediblestory!他們對(duì)我們講了個(gè)不可信的故事！incredibly(adv.)toagreatdegree;extremelyorunusually非常地；極端地；異乎尋常地incrediblyhotweatherinawaythatisdifficulttobelieve;amazingly難以置信地；驚人地Incredibly,noonehadeverthoughtofsuchasimpleideabefore.真是難以置信，這樣簡(jiǎn)單的主意竟然沒(méi)有人想到。5.HeislostinLondon.他在倫敦迷了路。belost迷路；傾心于某事。如：Hewaslostintheforestforthreedaysandnightsandwasfinallyrescuedbyhisfriends.他迷失在樹(shù)林里三天三夜，最后被朋友們救了出來(lái)。Hewaslostinreadinghisbookthatheforgetthetimeofhistrain.他看書(shū)入了神，把上火車(chē)的時(shí)間都忘了。6.Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.先生，請(qǐng)讓我來(lái)帶路吧。permitdosth.=allowsbtodosth.準(zhǔn)許……做某事如：Willyoupermitustousethisroomforameetingthisafternoon?你能準(zhǔn)許我們今天下午在這個(gè)房間開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)嗎？Permitmetoexplainit.容我解釋一下。Shewon’tpermitherdogstoenterthisyard.她不允許她的狗進(jìn)這個(gè)院子。但要注意“準(zhǔn)許做某事”應(yīng)當(dāng)是permitdoing,不是permittodo。如：Therulesoftheclubdon’tpermitsmoking.俱樂(lè)部的規(guī)矩是不允許吸煙。permitsth.=allowsth.toexist,happen,ortobedone(veryformal)許可、容許（某事物）存在、發(fā)生或被（某人）做（非常正式）Theprisonerswerepermittedtwohours’outdoorexerciseaday.犯人每天允許有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)。7.Iwonder,Mr.Adams,ifyou’dmindusaskingafewquestions.亞當(dāng)斯先生，不知你是否介意我們問(wèn)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。Iwonderwhether(if)you…是表示委婉請(qǐng)求的句式，用于較為正式的場(chǎng)合。譯為：不知您是否………whether(if)youmindusaskingafewquestions在句中作wonder的賓語(yǔ)從句，該句中的（mindus）askingafewquestions為動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中能做動(dòng)詞mind的賓語(yǔ)?！懊~所有格/形容詞性物主代詞+doing”為動(dòng)名詞（-ing形式）的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中能做主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。用作主語(yǔ)：Sophia’shavingseenthemdidnotsurpriseus.索菲亞看見(jiàn)了他們，這并不使我們感到驚訝。用作賓語(yǔ).Excusemyinterruptingyou.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫掖驍嗄愕脑?huà)。用作表語(yǔ)：Whatworriedthechildmostwashisnotbeingallowedtovisithismotherinthehospital.使那孩子焦慮不安的是不允許他到醫(yī)院探望他的媽媽。在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其名詞多用通格，形容詞性物主代詞也多用代詞的賓格。mindusasking…就屬這種情況。再如：Ihatepeoplebeingunhappy.我不意人們不快樂(lè)。Pleasesaynotingaboutuscalling.請(qǐng)不要（對(duì)別人）說(shuō)我們來(lái)拜訪的事。8.Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事實(shí)上，我在英國(guó)上岸是偶然的。asamatteroffact=infact實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上。如：Heappearstobeinverygoodhealthbutasamatteroffact，hesuffersfromaweakheart.他好象很健康，實(shí)際上他的心臟很不好。Ididn’tgototheclubyesterday.Asamatteroffact,Ihaven’tbeenthereforalongtime.我昨天沒(méi)有去俱樂(lè)部，實(shí)際上，我已很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有去那里了。byaccident偶然地。如：Byaccident,hefoundtheplacewherehisbrotherhadhiddenthetreasure.他偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了他弟弟藏寶藏的地方。amonthagoIwassailingoutofthebay—(hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers’dinneronthetable)大約一個(gè)月前，我揚(yáng)帆駛出了海灣—（他的眼睛盯在桌子上兄弟倆剩下的殘羹剩菜上。）stareat盯著瞧，凝視。如：Itisnotpolitetostareatotherpeople.盯著看別人是不禮貌的。Don’tstareatme!Iamnottoblamed!別盯著我！不該怪我！10.ThenextmorningI’daboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。spot做動(dòng)詞時(shí)有“認(rèn)出”的意思。如：Heisverytallandcanbeeasilyspottedinthecrowed.他很高，在人群中一眼就能看見(jiàn)。Thethiefwasspottedbythepoliceashewasleavingthebank.那小偷離開(kāi)銀行時(shí)被警察發(fā)現(xiàn)了。11.AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.正是那艘船把你帶到了英國(guó)。該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其句型為“Itwas+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+that+句子的剩余部分”。ItwasinthisroomthatLuXunoncelived.這就是魯迅生前曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房間。Wasitbecausehismotherwasillthathedidn’tgotoschool?他不來(lái)上學(xué)是因?yàn)樗麐寢尣×藛?？Whenwasitthattheclubwassetup?這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部的成立是什么時(shí)候？12.Iearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidband,whichaccountsformyappearance.我是作為一個(gè)不拿工資的幫手賺來(lái)我的船費(fèi)的，這就是我為什么會(huì)衣冠不整的原因了。該句中whichaccountsformyappearance是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，which代表了前面的整個(gè)句子。earnone’spassage掙取旅費(fèi)。如：Hecouldn’taffordthefare,andsohehadtoearnhispassagebydoingjobsontheship.他交不起船費(fèi)，只得靠在船上做些零活來(lái)掙取路費(fèi)。accountfor.betheexplanationofsth.;explainthecauseofsth做某事的解釋?zhuān)唤忉屇呈挛锏脑?。Hisillnessaccountsforhisabsence.他因病缺席。Pleaseaccountforyourownconduct.請(qǐng)你對(duì)自己的行為作出解釋。13.Well,tobehonest,Ihavenone.哦，老實(shí)說(shuō)，我一分錢(qián)都沒(méi)有了。tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō)；說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)。如：Iwouldn’tbuythathouse,tobehonest.It’stooclosetothemainroad.說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，我不會(huì)去買(mǎi)那所房子。它離大路太近。Tobehonest,redisnotyourcolour.說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)，你穿紅色不好看。14.It’llcostatinybit.這得多花點(diǎn)兒錢(qián)啦。atinybit不多；很少。課文中用的是諷刺語(yǔ)，意為“得破費(fèi)些錢(qián)”。15.Well,wewillhavetotakeachance.哦，我們要賭一把了。takea/the/chance/chances碰運(yùn)氣；冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如：Wemustn’ttakechances.We’dbetterplaysafe.我們不要冒險(xiǎn)，我們最好求穩(wěn)。Wedecidedtotakeachanceontheweatherandhavethepartyoutdoors.我們決定與老天爺賭一把，在戶(hù)外聚會(huì)?！靖呖兼溄印抠e語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句在句中作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞（如except，but，besides等）的賓語(yǔ)。Iknownothingaboutherexceptthatshelivesnextdoor.我只知道她住在隔壁房間。注：（1）主句的謂語(yǔ)是make，find，see，hear等，且?guī)в袕?fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可把賓語(yǔ)從句置于賓補(bǔ)之后，用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。IfinditnecessarythatwepracticespokenEnglisheveryday.我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)是必要的。（2）許多描述情感的形容詞（happy，glad，afraid，pleased，sorry，surprised等），或表示確信無(wú)疑的形容詞（certain，sure等）后可帶賓語(yǔ)從句。I’mafraid（that）we’vesoldoutoftickets.對(duì)不起，我們的票已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。（3）在表思想和感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞（believe，imagine，suppose，think，expect等）之后，可以把從句上的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到這些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上來(lái)。Idon'tbelieveshe’llarrivebefore7.我不相信她會(huì)在7點(diǎn)以前到達(dá)。二、直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)。直接引語(yǔ)——引述別人的原話(huà)，放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。間接引語(yǔ)——用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的意思，不用引號(hào)，常用賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)。(1)陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat（?？墒÷裕┮龑?dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Hesaid，“Iamveryglad.”他說(shuō)：“我很高興?！盚esaidthathewasveryglad.他說(shuō)他很高興。（2）一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橐詉f（whether）引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。一般地，if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可換用。Idon'tknowwhether（if）youcanhelpme.我不知道你是否能幫助我。但下列情況一般用whether，不用if。1)后面緊跟ornot時(shí)。Maryaskedmewhetherornotsheshouldcome.瑪麗問(wèn)我她是否應(yīng)該來(lái)。2)介詞之后時(shí)。Shewasworriedaboutwhethershepassedtheexam她擔(dān)心考試是否及格了。3）動(dòng)詞discuss、argue等之后時(shí)。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldsendthestudentstotheconference.我們討論是否派學(xué)生去參加會(huì)議。4）與不定式連用時(shí)。Sheisnotsurewhethertostayornot.她不能確定是否留下。5）賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)。Whetherhelivesthere，Iwanttoknow.我想知道她是否住在那兒。6）可能造成歧義時(shí)。Letmeknowwhetheryoucancome.告訴我你是否能來(lái)。(若用if，除了上述賓語(yǔ)從句意義外，還可理解成條件狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為：如果你要來(lái)，請(qǐng)通知我。)（3）特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橐詗h-/h-等疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。（注意從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序）Hesaid,“whereisMrGreen？”他說(shuō)：“格林先生在哪？”HeaskedwhereMrGreenwas.他問(wèn)格林先生在哪里。在名詞性從句中，what既引導(dǎo)該從句，又在其中作句子成分時(shí)，what常可轉(zhuǎn)換成thething（s）+that定語(yǔ)從句。Shetoldmewhatshehaddone.（賓語(yǔ)從句）Shetoldmethethingsthatshehaddone.（定語(yǔ)從句）她告訴我她做了什么。三、賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。(1)若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)句意用任何時(shí)態(tài)。WillyoutellmehowyoulearnedEnglishwell？告訴我你怎么學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的好么？Ithinkhe’llbebackinanhour.我想一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)的。(2)若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)詞需用跟過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。Ithoughttheywerehavinglessons我想他們正在上課。Shesaidshehaddoneherhomework她說(shuō)她已做完作業(yè)。（3）賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)客觀真理，不論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachertolduslighttravelsfasterthansound老師告訴我們光的速度比聲音快。【高考鏈接】1.—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—Theyalwaysletmedo_____IthinkIshould.（06全國(guó)Ⅱ）A.whenB.thatC.howD.what2.Pleaseremindme______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.（06全國(guó)Ⅰ）A.whereB.whenC.howD.what3.—Couldyoudomeafavor?（06北京）—Itdependson_____itis.A.whichBwhicheverC.howD.whatever4.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased______hewasamanofaction.(06湖南)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether5.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof____itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.(06江蘇)A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that6.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor______hethoughtwasnotenough.（05山東卷）A.where B.how C.what D.which7.Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize___sillymistakesIhadmade.（05湖南卷）A.what B.that C.how D.which8.Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.(05江西卷)A．inwhich B．inwhat C．fromwhatD．fromwhich9.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept___________helphecanget.（05全國(guó)卷3）A．whichever B．however C．whatever D．whenever10.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.（05全國(guó)卷1）A．why B．what C．who D．that11Acomputercanonlydo____youhaveinstructedittodo.（NMET2001）A.HowB.afterC.whatD.when12SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee____.（2000上海）A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis13.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.（NMET1997）A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever14.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.(NMET2002)A.whoB.whenC.howD.what15.——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.——Whatdoyouconsider____toher?（NMET1990）A.washappeningB.tohappenC.hashappenedD.happening【鞏固練習(xí)】1.－Wouldyoutellme_____youwantyourtea,withsugarormilk?－Sugar,please.A.whetherB.whenC.whatD.how2.Atlastthesoldiersreached______thelocalscalledtheGoldenTriangle.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.what3.－ItseemsthathehassucceededatlastintheUSA.－Yeah,butyoucanneverimagine______.A.whatahardlifehehasexperiencedB.whathehasexperiencedahardlife.C.hehasexperiencedwhatahardlife.D.whatahardlifehasheexperienced.4.－Really,Idon’tknow____tojointhearmyortofindajobaftermygraduation.－Whydon’tyou_____yourparents’advice?Theywillsurelyhelpyou.A.if;takeB.whether;followC.if;giveD.whether;seek5.ManyofthecreaturesinRowling’sworldarenotreal,andmuchof______happensisstrange.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.it6.ItoldJimjokinglythathispaintinglookedlikeamessfrom_____Iwas.A.whereB.whatC.howD.that7.Thechiefmanagerhasdecidedtoput______hethinksisenergetic,clever,andhasgoodqualitiesinthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.A.thosewhoB.anyoneC.whomeverD.whoever8.NativeAmericansfromthesoutheasternpartof______isnowtheUnitedStatesbelievedthattheuniverseinwhichtheylivedwasmadeupofthreeworlds.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what9.He’dliketoknowwhat____today.AtheweatherlooksBdoestheweatherlookCtheweatherlookslikeDdoestheweatherlooklike10.Canyoutellme____?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman11.Ithinkheisadishonestman，____？AdoIBdon'tICisheDisn’t12.Thestudentasked____whohaddone____.A.howwecanfinditout;itBhowwecanfindout;itC.howwecouldfinditout;itD.howwecouldfindout;itheadmasterasked_____.A.thatthegatewaslockedB.whythegatewaslockedCwhenthegatewaslockedD.howwasthegatelocked14.Noonewillbesure_____inamillionyears.AwhatmanwilllooklikeBwhatwillmanlooklikeCmanwilllooklikewhatDwhatlookwillmanlike（MEＴ1991）youmakesure_____thegoldenring？A.whereAlicehadput.B.whereAlicehasputC.wherehadAliceputD.wherehasAliceputyouremember____hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if17.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedwildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo____Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.which.D.whichever19.Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness?Hesuggestedthatshe_____anoperationatonce.A.musthave B.had C.have D.hadhad20.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whatC.whyD.how【答案及解析】【高考鏈接】1.D本題考查名詞性從句。其中do就是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。2.B題干中第二個(gè)句子提供了關(guān)鍵的信息：beintimetodosth.能趕得上做某事；不耽誤做某事。3.CB項(xiàng)whichever=any（one）of…that（在一定范圍中的任一個(gè)）和D項(xiàng)whatever=anythingthat（任何事情）都不符合句意，故排除。干擾項(xiàng)為A項(xiàng)，考生需要了解which和what的區(qū)別，比較：Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.(有范圍)That’swhatheisworryingabout.(what=thething(s)that)因此該題選C。4.B.根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，pleased后應(yīng)接賓語(yǔ)從句，hewasamanofaction是一個(gè)完整的句子，故選that，that沒(méi)有任何意義，只起連接作用。5.C.根據(jù)句意排除B、D。介詞of后面用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只用whether，不用if。6.C7.A10.A11.C本題需填一個(gè)既能引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)又能在該從句中充當(dāng)（todo）賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，能擔(dān)當(dāng)此任的只有what一詞。12.D本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。無(wú)論名詞性從句是陳述句，還是疑問(wèn)句，它的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述語(yǔ)序。13.Bwhatever在此既是主句賓語(yǔ)，又是從句賓語(yǔ)。14.A本題考查引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的含義。15.C本題結(jié)構(gòu)為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+doyouthink/believe/consider/suppose/guess/imagine等+賓語(yǔ)從句的其它部分”。為使復(fù)雜句簡(jiǎn)單化，最好將doyouthink等看作插入語(yǔ)，做題時(shí)不予考慮。know不用于此句型?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】1.D此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中含有主、謂、賓成分，且有一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，所以用how來(lái)引導(dǎo)。2.D此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中含有主語(yǔ)thelocals和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)theGoldenTriangle，但缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以D正確。3.A此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句，且賓語(yǔ)從句里ahardlife又被強(qiáng)調(diào)，所以A正確。4.D此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句及動(dòng)詞的搭配。Whether…or…為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，排除A、C；seekone’sadvice意為“征求某人的意見(jiàn)”。5.C考查賓語(yǔ)從句。Whathappens=somethingthathappens作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。6.AwhereIwas作介詞from的賓語(yǔ)。FromwhereIwas在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于fromtheplacewhereIwas?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為thosewhohethinksare…，andhave…；B選項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為anyonewho…；從句中hethinks為插入語(yǔ)，從句缺主語(yǔ)，排除C。whoever引導(dǎo)的從句作put的賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于anyonewho。8.D考查賓語(yǔ)從句。WhatisnowtheUnitedStates作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于aplacethat…。17.B18.A19.C20.B表語(yǔ)從句從屬連詞that（一般不省略為好），whether（不用if），asif（though）等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。Thereason（why）shehasn'tcomeisthat（此處不可用because）shehastosendhermothertoahospital.她沒(méi)來(lái)是因?yàn)樗仨毸湍赣H去醫(yī)院。Thequestioniswhethertheworkisworthdoing.問(wèn)題是這項(xiàng)工作是否值得做。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.天好像要下雨似的。連接代詞what，which，who，whom，whose等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。ThisiswhatIwanttosay.這就是我想說(shuō)的。連接副詞when，where，how，why等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。Thisishowweovercomethedifficulties.這就是我們克服困難的方法?！靖呖兼溄印?—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff？（NMET1999）A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where2.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella____Igotwetthrough.（1998上海）A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.It’show3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(2001上海春)A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why4.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.（06全國(guó)Ⅰ）A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what5.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’s______ittakestodoanythingwell.(2002上海)A.whatC.whichD.why6.Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?(2003北京春)Oh,that’s_____.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited7.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_____Idisagree.(2004全國(guó)）A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how8.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.（2004湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich9.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger______itwas20yearsago,_____itwassopoorlyequipped.（2005安徽）A.what;when