Unit12復(fù)習(xí)參考資料

Unit12復(fù)習(xí)參考資料I.重點(diǎn)詞匯abit----alittle ontime---intimequiz----exam attable----atthetablepointat---pointto----pointout reach----getto----arriveat/inexcept----besides with----in----byfinally----atlast----intheend type----kindhabit----custom particular----special----especialusedto----beusedtogreetsb---sayhellotosbrude----impoliteattimes----sometimesatfirst----firstofallbeside—near---nexttoII.重點(diǎn)詞組1.besupposedtodo=should應(yīng)該\被期望做某事2.shakehands(with)sb握手shake本意是“搖動(dòng)、震動(dòng)”3.shouldhavedonesth.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表示過去本應(yīng)該做某事，事實(shí)上沒有做4.berelaxedaboutsth.對(duì)某事隨意、不嚴(yán)格5.makeplanstodoplantodo.打算做某事planondoing6.fancydress 聚會(huì)時(shí)所穿的奇裝異服7.afancydressball 化妝舞會(huì)8.dropby訪問看望拜訪串門dropinonsb順便走訪某人visitsb拜訪comeoverto9.invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事Sbbeinvitedtodosth.某人被邀請(qǐng)做某事。10．chopsticks筷子是由chop(砍)＋stick(棒)合成，11.gooutofone’swaytodo特意，專門做某事12.makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤（復(fù)數(shù)）makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤（一個(gè)）13.bedifferentfrom與…不同14.can’tstopdoing忍不住做某事15.learn…byoneself自學(xué)learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)teachoneselfteach+sb.+學(xué)科教sb某學(xué)科16.pointto/atsb.“指”物時(shí)，只能用to，而“指”人時(shí)，to或at都可以17.beimportanttosb.對(duì)某人來說非常重要。18.exchangeprogram 文化交流項(xiàng)目19.dropbyone'shome拜訪=dropinat+地點(diǎn)20．a(chǎn)fterall畢竟firstofall首先21．picksth.up撿起、拾起22.makenoise發(fā)出令人不愉快的聲音、制造噪音23.tablemanners餐桌禮儀24.be\getusedtosth/doing習(xí)慣于sth/doingbe\getusedtodoing習(xí)慣于…beusedtodo被用于做…beusedfordoing被用于做…usedtodo過去常常做…25.greetsb(inaright/wrongway)問侯26.differentcustoms不同的風(fēng)俗27.kisssb(ontheface/cheek/forehead)親吻臉/臉頰/前額28.feel/berelaxed/nervous覺得輕松，緊張relaxed/strictrules有松/緊的規(guī)則30.thelandofsth/watches…王國31.wipeone'smouthwiththenapkin用紙巾插嘴32.mindone's(table)manners注意…禮儀(1)eatwithhands用手抓著吃(2)talkatthetable在餐桌上講話(3)pickupone'sbowlofrice端起飯碗(4)starteatingfirst先開始吃(5)(6)makenoisewhileeating吃時(shí)發(fā)出聲音33.(7(8)pointatsbwiththechopsticks用筷子指向某人(9)eatordrankwhilewalkingdownthestreet邊走邊喝(10)putthehandsin/onone'slap把手放在大腿上(11)sayyou'refull說吃飽了(12)sitdownfromtheleftside從右手邊坐下(13)eatsthwithafork/knife/spoon/chopsticks用（餐具）吃feel/befull/hungry/empty感覺很飽/餓34.befullofsthbefilledwithsth充滿/裝滿…sth.occur(insth)某事發(fā)生35．happentosb某人發(fā)生sth.takeplacein某處發(fā)生36．givesbcompliments稱贊sb37．toastsb=makeatoasttosb向sb敬酒38．beunfamiliartosb/sth熟悉39．40．becrowdedwithpeople擠滿了人41．takeouttherubbish/junk/garbage/litter/trash把垃圾拿出去droplitterabout亂丟垃圾42．seeksb/sth尋找sb.\sth（Iseekyou=icq我找你）43．e-mailchatline網(wǎng)上聊天熱線44．haveonlineconversationswithfriends和朋友上網(wǎng)聊天45．formgoodhabits養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣46.combineAtoB把A和B結(jié)合42.showtheemotionyouarefeeling把你正感覺著的感情表現(xiàn)出來e-mailsb/afriend(v)傳送電子郵件給sb43.sendane-mailtosb(n)e-mailEnglish電子郵件英語44．a(chǎn)ttheproper/righttime在合適的時(shí)間45．cutinline=jumpinaqueue插隊(duì)46．waitinline=waitinaqueue排隊(duì)等待47．a(chǎn)rriveabit/alittlelate遲到一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)48．49.be+分鐘+late遲到(多久)50.get/beangrywithsb.對(duì)sb生氣get/beangryatsth對(duì)某事生氣51.adisaster一個(gè)災(zāi)難52.wearthewrongclothes穿錯(cuò)衣服53.beexcitedaboutsth.對(duì)sth很激動(dòng)54.leavefor+目的地離開去sp55.beallowedtodosth.被允許做sthSballowdoingsth某人允許做某事56.what'smore而且57.thanksfordoingsth為….感謝58.hostfamily房東家59.find/feelit+adj.+todosth.發(fā)現(xiàn)\感覺做sth…60.haveagoodschoolyear有一個(gè)好學(xué)年61.givesb.lessononsth.給sb上關(guān)于…的課62.bemadein+地點(diǎn)由某地制造bemadeof/from由….制成63.inawesternrestaurant在一個(gè)西餐廳64.eatwith+餐具用….來吃65.beginwith從…..開始66.inthetraditionalway用傳統(tǒng)的方法67.makefaces做鬼臉68.sendamessagetosb.onamobilephone用手機(jī)發(fā)短息給sb69.savetime省時(shí)70.writtenEnglish書面英語71.stick…into…把…插進(jìn)72．sendamessageto發(fā)\送信息給…73.introducesbtosbMakesbknowntosb介紹某人給某人74．Waveone’shandgoodbyetosb向某人揮手告別III.重點(diǎn)句子1.

You’resupposedtoshakehands.2.

Youshouldhaveaskedwhatyou’resupposedtowear.3.

Spendingtimewithfriendsandfamilyisveryimportanttous.4.

It’sveryimportanttobeontime.5.

Weusuallyplantodosomethinginteresting.6.

Thanksforyourmessage.7.

Theygooutoftheirwaytomakemefeelathome.8.

Mybiggestchallengeislearninghowtobehaveatthedinnertable.9.

Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.10.

Idon’tfindthemsostrangeanymore.11.

Peoplecanusetheircomputerstotalktoeachother.12.

Usinge-mailEnglishhelpsyouwritequickly.13.

CLSmeanscan’thelplaughing.IV.話題語法

直接引語怎樣變?yōu)殚g接引語直接引用別人原話，叫直接引語。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語。間接引語常用賓語從句表達(dá)。直接引語前后要用引號(hào)，間接引語不用引號(hào)。HeSaid:“Ihaveseenthefilm.”他說：“我已經(jīng)看過這部電影。”（直接引語）Hesaidthathehadseenthefilm.他說他已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。（間接引語）怎樣把直接引語改為間接引語?1．根據(jù)意思改變?nèi)朔Q。如：Theysaid,“Wearebusynow.”（直接引語）Theysaidthattheywerebusythen.（間接引語）一般來說第三人稱代詞常常不變，第一人稱一般變?yōu)榈诙朔Q。2．若主句的謂語是過去時(shí)態(tài)，直接引語改為間接引語時(shí)，要調(diào)整時(shí)態(tài)。直接引語間接引語現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)（少數(shù)不變）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)不變現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由上述內(nèi)容可知，時(shí)態(tài)的變化都是由現(xiàn)在的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)而變成了達(dá)去的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。要特別注意，客觀真理以及過去完成時(shí)在改為間接引語時(shí)，不需作時(shí)態(tài)調(diào)整。3．指示代詞，進(jìn)間狀語也要作調(diào)整。直接引語間接引語thisthatthesethosenowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnighttomorrowthenext(following)day(month,year)yesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdayafternoontheafternoonbeforelastyear(month)theyear(month)beforeagobeforeherethere注：動(dòng)詞（come）也常變?yōu)間o4．若直接引語為陳述句，改為間接引語時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（口語中常省略），其它作相應(yīng)的變化。Hesaid,“I’vejustgotaletterfrommysister.”Hesaidhehadjustgotaletterfromhissister.需要說明的是，若引號(hào)里是兩句話，改為間接引語后，第二句前也要用that連接?！癏ewashereafewweeksago,andhecameagainyesterday.”shesaid.Shesaidthathehadbeenthereafewweeksbefore,andthathehadcomeagainthedaybefore.5．若直接引語為一般疑問句（原為倒裝語序），改為間接引語時(shí)要用陳述句的語序而且還要加連詞if或whether引出。注意whether后還可跟or或ornor，但if不能。Whether可用在介詞后或帶to的不定式前面，而if不能。但若賓語從句為否定句時(shí)，常用if而不用wheth