It用法及其句型和固定搭配講解

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點、難點，又是近幾年高考的熱點，因此應(yīng)給予充分的重視，現(xiàn)將it用法歸納如下：一、It用作實詞表達以下概念：指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this,that;替代前文中的內(nèi)容；指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但談話雙方都知道的那件事；指代時間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象……二、It用作形式主語替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。It作形式主語的常見句型：1.代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.此處adj.通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy,difficult,hard,necessary，unnecessary‘possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,rig ht ,wrong, important,unimportant,legal，illegal, well-mannered，ill—mann er ed，polite，impolite,clear，obvious，certain，su itable,proper,fit,usefu1，use1es s，dangerous…例Itisi1 legal(forateenager )todrive acarwithoutalicense.Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此處adj.通常為描述人的形容詞:kind，unkind，nice,rude,crue1,considerate,thoughtful,thought1ess，careful,careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever,wise，crazy.例It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.(3)It替代作主語的動名詞的常見句型It'snogood／usedoing…It's(wel1)worthdoing?…It's(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It's(we1l)worthwhiledoing/todo例 It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.2.It替代作主語的從句常見句型(1)Itis＋noun+從句例Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice.(2)Itisadj.+c1auseIt'ssurprisingthat^(should) 竟然 It'sapity/shamethat^(should) 竟然 例It'simportantthatyoushouldapo1ogizetoherforyourrudeness.(=It'sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.)(3)Itverbsb.+clause=Itisv-ing+clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/p1ease/angersb.that…例Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.(=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.)(4)11verb(tosb.)that???=sb/sthverbtodo(verb=appear,seem,comeabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout)例It(so)happened/chancedthattheywereout.(=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout.)(5)Itisv-edthat^=sb/sthistodo(verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know)例Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.(=Thecoup1earesaidtohavegottendivorced.)(6)Itisv—edthat*^(shou1d)???(verb=demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend例Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion.“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解2007-05-0117:14：05.0中國高中生網(wǎng)()三、It作主語的句型1.Ittakessb.…todo—(=sbtakes—todo…)某人用多長時間做某事例Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof．(=Thementookaweektomendourroof.)2.It's(just)(un)likesb.todo…(不)像某人做某事的風(fēng)格例Itwas(just)likehimtothinkofhe1pingus.It's(about/high)timethat—shou1d/v-ed…是該做某事的時候了例It's(about/high)timethatweshou1dtakeaction.It'sthex—thtime(that)…h(huán)avev—ed…第幾次做某事了例11'sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.Itis/hasbeen…since???continuousv-ed(延續(xù)性動詞)某動作已有多長時間不發(fā)生了例 It＇s10yearsthathelivedhere6.Itwas(not)…before…過(不)了多長時間某動作發(fā)生了例Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived.四、It作形式賓語用來替代作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞,而把真正作賓語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。It作形式賓語的常見句型:verb+it+adj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)例Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou'lldothetaskonyourown.verb+it＋adj./noun(one＇s)doing(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhi1e)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone'swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)例I'llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.3.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natura1/essentialthat…(should)…verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/littleimportance that???(should)…(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)例Ithinkitimportantthatyou(shou1d)attendtheconference.verb+it+as+noun/adj.+clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view)例Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhis1ecture.5.v.+it+prep. +that…oweittosb.that…把…歸功于…leaveittosbthat…把…留給某人去做takeitforgrantedthat…想當(dāng)然keepitinmindthat…例Don'tbothertoarrangeanything．Just1eaveittometosortout.6.It用在不能直接跟賓語從句的動詞后面,尤其是表示好惡的動詞后,enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don'tmind,befondof,feel1ike,seeto賓語從句緊跟it之后例IhateityoucanswimsowellandIcan't.7.It用在不能直接跟賓語從句的介詞后面，賓語從句緊跟it之后(exceptthat例外)例I'mforitthatyouwil1followtheiradvice.五、強調(diào)句型Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…強調(diào)句型用來強調(diào)謂語動詞以外的任何句子成分。當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分是人時也可以用who.在使用強調(diào)句型時需注意以下幾點：請注意強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句例Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity?在強調(diào)原因狀語從句時，只能強調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句例Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoo1yesterday.在強調(diào)not…until結(jié)構(gòu)時必須把not與until一起放到被強調(diào)的位置上例ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother.注意強調(diào)句型與定語從句的區(qū)別例Itwasat7o'clockthathecamehereyesterday.(強調(diào)句型)Itwas7o'clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.(定語從句)六、It常用的固定搭配makeit(1)在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于succeed,表示：成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時到達例It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.(2)在口語中相當(dāng)于fixthedatefor,表示“約定好時間”例一Sha11wemeetnextweek?—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.asitis相當(dāng)于infact,inreality表示“事實上，實際情況是 ”例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday,butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek.相當(dāng)于方式狀語從句,表示“照原樣”例Leavethetableasitis.asitwere相當(dāng)于asonemightsay,thatistosay，表示“也就是說，可以說，換句話說”例Heis,asitwere,amodernSherlockHolmes.4.ifitweren'tfor…/ifithadn'tbeenfor…用來引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣,相當(dāng)于without,orbutfor,表示“如果不是 ，要不例Ifitweren'tforTom,Iwouldn'tbealivetoday.that＇sit(1)相當(dāng)于That'sall.That'ssomuch.表示“至此為止，沒有別的了”例Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat'sit.(2)相當(dāng)于That'sright.表示“對啦”例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A"—That'sit.6.catchit在口語中,相當(dāng)于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth.wrong.表示“因做錯事而挨罵,受責(zé)備,受批評,受懲罰"例 We'llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe'relateforclassagain.7.haveit相當(dāng)于say,insist表示“說，主張，表明，硬說”例Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.相當(dāng)于gettoknowsomething，表示“了解，知道，獲悉"例IhaditfromJohnthatshewasgoingabroad.havewhatittakes在口語中，相當(dāng)于bewellqualifiedfor,表示“具有成功的條件"例Youcantakeitfrommethatyourdaughterhaswhatittakestobeastar.soitseems/appears.Keepatit!(Don'tgiveup!)相當(dāng)于goon,表示“繼續(xù)做，不放棄”例Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit.Goit!(Goon!)拼命干，莽撞12.Nowyouhavedoneit!(Youhavedonesth.wrong.)13.Nowyou'llcatchit!(You'llbepunished.)14.Asithappened,…在口語中,相當(dāng)于it'sapitythat…,表示“真不湊巧，真遺憾"例Asithappened,theywereout.Asitturnedout,…在口語中,相當(dāng)于itwasfoundtobeintheend，表示“最后被證明是”例Asitturnedout,hisstatementwasfalse.Suchasitis(theyare)在口語中，相當(dāng)于althoughitmaynotbeworthmuch，表示“雖然沒有多大價值”例Youcanborrowmyexamnotebook,suchasitis.17.Takeit/thingseasy.相當(dāng)于Don'tworryordon'thurry.用來勸告別人，表示“不要慌，別擔(dān)心,存住氣”例Takeiteasy!Hewilldoitwell.18.Takeitfromme.在口語中，相當(dāng)于belie