北大生課件-普通心理學(xué)lecture the brain

TheRealTheRealRainMan–KimPeekandHisTheBrain-MindTheProcessofSocietyofArt-Art-(MEART,multi-electrodearray “What“WhatapieceofworkisaHownobleinreason!Howinfaculty!Informandmovinghowexpressandadmirable!Inactionhowlikeanangel!Inapprehensionhowlikeagod!Thebeautyoftheworld!Theparagonofanimals!！”W.—W.Shakespeare《HamletTheBrain-Mind TheBrain-Mind TheBrain-Mind The TheBrain-Mind PhysicalPatternBPatternAMentalBReneDualism:MindandbrainareindependentbutsomehowThe The TheBrain-Mind ReflextheoryTherationalsoulisdistinctfromthebody,withwhichitmakescontactatthepinealglandReneDualism:MindandbrainareindependentbutsomehowThe TheBrain-Mind PhysicalPatternBPatternAMentalBThomasReductionism:theMindwhattheBrainThe The TheBrain-Mind PhysicalPatternBPatternAMentalBBenedictParallelism:MindandhaveanidentityThe TheBrain-Mind PhysicalBenedictMentalParallelism:MindandhaveanidentityThe TheBrain-Mind TheBrain-Mind TheplaceboStudyHighlightsEffectonBrainActivitythatpatientstakingplacebosfor BOSTON,Jan.2Anewdepressioninresearcfindsthattheplaceboeffectstudiesmaybe actuallyaltersbrainactivityalteringtheirbrainThe Information Information The Information The Information Information MotorInter-SensoryGettingtheWorldInsideOurThe Information AlanAnymachinecapableoftwostates(e.g.,on/off)canperformalllogicaloperations(e.g.,plus,minus,and,or)GettingtheWorldInsideOurThe Information Information Atrest:Average100msbetweenfiringExcitation:MuchfasterInhibition:AbitSimple,yetsocomplex;TheThe Information Michelangelo-“ThecreationofWheredoeslifecomeThe Information Information ManyCarbonOneCarbonWheredoeslifecomeThe Information ManyCarbonOneCarbonWheredoeslifecomeThe Information Information “ThecreationofWheredoesmindcomeThe Information OneWheredoesmindcomeManyTheWheredoesmindcomeWheredoesmindcome InformationThe000TheInformationWheredoesmindcome100billionAtypicalneuronhasabout1,000to synapses(thatis,itcommunicateswith1,000–10,000otherneurons,musclecells,glands,etc.).100trillionWeight46-50ounces(≈3BrainTheTheInformationWheredoesmindcomeSomeoftheconnectionsbetweenthedifferentvisualsystems.TheInformationThe10%Dowetrulyuseonlytenpercentofourwholebrain?TheTheProcessofPrimaryAuditoryBEHAVIORALTheProcessofThe The TheProcessof (PhineasGBEHAVIORALNeuropsychologyisthebranchofpsychologicalsciencethathowbraininjuryaffectstheThe TheProcessof Broca（BEHAVIORALNeuropsychologyisthebranchofpsychologicalsciencethathowbraininjuryaffectstheThe The TheProcessof 術(shù)BRAINTheTheTheProcessof The TheProcessof MagnetoencephalographyBRAINThe TheProcessof BRAINThee TheProcesse TheProcessof sonanceImaging成BRAINThe TheProcessof FunctionalMagneticBRAINThe The TheProcessof 成BRAINThe TheProcessof BRAINThe The TheProcessof CephalicFrance,Trephined2000BRAINThe TheProcessof BRAINThe TheProcess TheProcessof Lobotomy(前額葉白質(zhì)切除術(shù)BRAINThe TheProcessof SplitLobotomy(前額葉白質(zhì)切除術(shù)BRAINThe The TheProcessof SurgicalWilderPenfield(1891–BRAINThe TheProcessof HowHowBRAINThe The TheProcessof Somesthetic軀體感覺BRAINThe TheProcessof Motor軀體運(yùn)動(dòng)BRAINThe TheProcessof TheProcessof The TheProcessof (intracranialEEG)腦皮層電圖描記法，顱內(nèi)~BRAINThe TheProcessof Nearinfraredreflectionspectroscopy(NIRS)BRAINThe The TheProcessof WADAIntracarotidamobarbitalprocedure頸動(dòng)脈內(nèi)異戊巴比妥注BRAINThe TheProcessof BRAINTheBrain GracefulLocalizedGlobalizedGlobalizationorThe FemaleMaleThe AreThere“His”and“Hers” yzing49studiesofsexdifferencesinbrainanatomy,researchersfoundsmalldifferencesbetweenthetwogroupsandlargerdifferenceswithingroups.Theredoesappeartobesexdifferencesinlateralizationoflanguage.Malesshowlefthemisphereactivationonly.Females,leftandright.Therealsoappearstobedifferencesinamountsofgraymatter.Femaleshavemore.The FranzFranzGaul’sThe RightWrongFranzGaul’sThe RightWrongFranzGaul’sThe 1908FordModel2013FordShelbyThe 1908FordModel2013FordShebyThe The TriuneThe PrettyDarnTriuneBrandSpankin’The BrainsAcrossTreeThe AncientTreeCatPrettyDarnTriuneBrandSpankin’NewThe TheBrainFromBelow(ventralThe Voluntaryaction,complexjudgment,symbolicEmotion,motivation,simplejudgmentSensoryRepetitiveHierarchyofThe Voluntaryaction,complexjudgment,symbolicEmotion,motivation,simplejudgmentSensoryRepetitiveHierarchyofThe KorbinianBrodmann’sBrainThe DirectionsintheNervousForHumanAnterior/rostral:Posterior/caudal:Medial:towardLateral:towardThe PlanesofThe TheForebrain&ItsThe TemporalHEARINGBODILYFront The Afaceblindwoman’shusbandandhowhelookstoher （面孔失認(rèn)癥The （面孔失認(rèn)癥The （面孔失認(rèn)癥The BLINDSIGHT（盲視The SPATIALNEGLECT（空間忽略ANOSOGNOSIA（病覺缺失The SPATIALNEGLECT（空間忽略The SPATIALNEGLECT（空間忽略The The SPATIALNEGLECT（空間忽略ANOSOGNOSIA（病覺缺失The WERNICKE’S（接受性失語(yǔ)癥KarlWernicke(1848-WERNICKE’SThe WERNICKE’SAPHASIA:ContentlessPatientC.B.attemptingtoexplainapictureofachildtakinga womanspillswaterThe C.B.:Uh,wellthisisthe...theofthis.Thisandthisandthisandthis.Thesethingsgoingintherelikethat.Thisisthingshere.Thisonehere,thesetwothingshere.Andtheotheronehere,backinthisone,thisonelookatthisExaminer:Yeah,what'shappeningC.B.:Ican'tlyouwhatthatis,butIknowwhatitis,butIdon'tnowwhereitis.ButIdon'tknowwhat'sunder.Iknowit'syoucouldn'tsayit's...Icouldn'tsaywhatitis.Icouldn'tsaywhatthatis.Thisshu--thatshouldberightinhere.That'sbadinthere.Anyway,thisonehere,andthat,andthat'sit.Thisisthegettinginhereandthat'sthegettingaroundhere,andthat,andthat'sit.Thisisgettinginhereandthat'sthegettingaroundhere,thisoneandonewiththisone.Andthisone,andthat'sit,isn'tit?WERNICKE’SAPHASIA:ContentlessPatientC.B.attemptingtoexplainapictureofachildtakinga womanspillswaterThe PierrePaulBroca(1824-BROCA’S（運(yùn)動(dòng)性失語(yǔ)癥WERNICKE’S（接受性失語(yǔ)癥WERNICKE’SThe BROCA’SAPHASIA:AgrammaticPatientM.E.attemptingtolthestoryofM.E.:Cinderella...poor...um'doptedher...scrubbedfloor,um,tidy...poor,um...'dopted...Si-sistersandmother...ball.Ball,princeum,shoe...scrubbedanduhwashedandun...tidy,uh,sistersandmother,prince,no,prince,yes.Cinderellahookedprince.Um,um,shoes,um,twelveo'clockballfinished.Examiner:Sowhathappenedintheend?M.E.:Married.Examiner:HowdoeshefindM.E.:Um,Prince,um,happento,um...Prince,andCinderellameet,ummetummet.Examiner:Whathappenedattheball?Theydidn'tgetmarriedattheball.M.E.:No,um,no...Idon'tknow.Shoe,umfoundshoe...The Aphasia(失語(yǔ)癥The FrontalTemporalconcreteness,inabilitytoconcentrateorplan,impulsivityThe FrontalTemporalconcreteness,inabilitytoconcentrateorplan,impulsivityThe Psychologist:“Yes,wouldyoudescribeyourstateofmindwhenyoutrytothinkaboutit?”N.N.:“Blank,Iguess…It’slikebeingasleep…likebeinginaroomwithnothingthereandhavingaguyyoutogofindachair,andthere’snothingthere…likeswimminginthemiddleofalake.There’snothingtoholdyouupordoanythingwith.”FrontalTemporalconcreteness,inabilitytoconcentrateorplan,impulsivityPsychologist:“Whatwillyoubengtomorrow?”N.N.:“Idon’tPsychologist:“Doyourememberthequestion?”N.N.:“AboutwhatI’llbengThe WhyarefunctionsBraincanarbitrarywireanypointtoanyotherpoint,Likechatroomsor muting.Whybotherlocalizingfunctions,creatingmaps?ShortNointerferencefromAddingnewbitswithoutreprogrammingFaultTolerantandExample:ephonenumbersnotfaultNearly addressisnoThinkabout (speciallyforgirlsAnyotherThe HydrocephalyandreorganizationofbrainHowflexibleistheassignmentofTheSocietyof Societyof Societyof SocietyofMind:CIVILWARINTHEThe Societyof Toseeornottothat’stheBLINDSIGHT（盲視The Society Societyof BLINDSIGHT（盲視The Societyof BLINDSIGHT（盲視The Society Societyof LIMBICFast,simple,evaluationsandemotionalreactionsPREFRONTALSlow,complex,consciousthoughtCivilWarInTheThe Societyof LMBICFast,simple,evaluationsandemotionalreactionsPREFRONTALSlow,complex,consciousthoughtCivilWarInTheTheOldBrainOldBrainKnowsWhatNewBrainCivilWarInTheSocietyofTheOldBrainKnowsWhatNewBrainCivilWarInTheSocietyofTheNewBrainNewBrainKnowsWhatOldBrainThenextslideisatotallyfakepictureofahandbeingslicedwithaknife.PleaseuseyourPFCtonotfeelIfyoudon’tthinkyoucandothat,thenyoushouldcloseeyesorlookawayrightnow.SocietyofTheSocietyofTheSocietyofTheSocietyofThe Societyof Societyof IamNewBrainKnowsWhatOldBrainThe Societyof AlternativeGreene,Sommerville,Nystrom,Darley,&CohenDefaultThe Society Societyof ?Greene,Sommerville,Nystrom,Darley,&CohenThe Societyof PushGreene,Sommerville,Nystrom,Darley,&CohenThe Society Societyof NobigGreene,Sommerville,Nystrom,Darley,&CohenThe Societyof NoGreene,Sommerville,Nystrom,Darley,&CohenThe Societyof Societyof The Societyof The Society Societyof The Societyof From(Removemiddleandlowerbrain)CorpusThe Society Societyof (Music,art,&MotorControlofContralateralSide&MotorControlofContralateralSideThe Societyof PrimaryvisualThe Societyof Societyof The Societyof The Society Societyof SplitThe Societyof SplitThe Society Societyof SplitThe Societyof Split-brainandlefthemisphereSplitThe Societyof Societyof SplitThe Societyof ISeeLeftBrainHand)Draw:SplitThe Society Societyof S