八年級(jí)下冊(cè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解

此刻達(dá)成時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)方法指導(dǎo)時(shí)態(tài)：時(shí):時(shí)間，態(tài)：動(dòng)詞的樣子與狀態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)能夠掌握好時(shí)態(tài)見解后從1.時(shí)間線索2動(dòng)詞形態(tài)變化出發(fā)。復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)入——用適合的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)達(dá)成句子，并劃出時(shí)間線索。1Tomalways________(watch)TVathomeeveryday.2They______(go)shoppingtwodaysago.3Look!Thegirl_____(dance)inthedancingroom.4I______(reading)booksatsixo’clockyesterday.5He________(go)tothemoviesintwodays.從今日開始我們要學(xué)習(xí)一種新的時(shí)態(tài)，希望嗎？面對(duì)新的時(shí)態(tài)，你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？要學(xué)好這類新的時(shí)態(tài)，你感覺要打破新時(shí)態(tài)需要從哪幾個(gè)方面出發(fā)呢？1新時(shí)態(tài)的（）2新時(shí)態(tài)的（）3新時(shí)態(tài)的（）此刻達(dá)成時(shí)態(tài)導(dǎo)入認(rèn)真察看以下2組句子1.（1）Ifinisheddoingmyhomeworkyesterday.(時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)，我昨天寫完了家庭作業(yè)）（2）Hi，Mary,Ihavefinisheddoingmyhomework.Icanplaynow.(時(shí)態(tài)：_______,我已經(jīng)達(dá)成了我的家庭作業(yè)）此刻做完了，暗含此刻做完了此刻能夠玩了）2（1）Helivedherein1991.(時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)，他1991住在這里。）（此刻不確立住這里）（2）Hehaslivedheresince（自從...以來）1991.(時(shí)態(tài)：_______,自1991年以來，他就已經(jīng)住在這里。）（此刻依舊住在這里）從以上的2組句子，我們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)一般過去時(shí)指的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在（），可是我們這個(gè)新的時(shí)態(tài)不只指動(dòng)作發(fā)生在（）并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作向來連續(xù)到()，還對(duì)（）產(chǎn)生了影響和結(jié)果，重申了（）的狀況。因此這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)不可是是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)上，并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作還會(huì)向來連續(xù)發(fā)生到（），動(dòng)作有個(gè)連續(xù)性，那么這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)我們叫做（）,這類時(shí)態(tài)翻譯會(huì)加個(gè)“已經(jīng)”

如：（此刻達(dá)成時(shí)，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，可是動(dòng)作會(huì)連續(xù)到此刻，并對(duì)此刻產(chǎn)生影響和結(jié)果）過去此刻恭賀大家已經(jīng)打破此刻達(dá)成時(shí)的見解，接下來我們來看看此刻達(dá)成時(shí)構(gòu)造吧！此刻達(dá)成時(shí)組成主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。（have/has無實(shí)意，助動(dòng)詞，三單用has）Eg:我已經(jīng)洗過碗了。(洗碗：dothedishes)Ihave(do的過去分詞什么？)thedishes.動(dòng)詞過去分詞變化動(dòng)詞過去分詞的規(guī)則變化和動(dòng)詞過去式的規(guī)則變化同樣，一般加ed,以y結(jié)尾，改y為i再加ed,重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫輔音加ed,如stopped.動(dòng)詞過去分詞不規(guī)則變化：do是不規(guī)則過去分詞，是什么呢？（）請(qǐng)?jiān)谡n本P136-137找，這里有動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則的過去式（pasttense）和過去分詞(Pastparticiple)變化，技巧是：逝世活來，牢切記著后靈巧運(yùn)用。希望大家能把136,137的動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則過去式和過去分詞牢切記著，隨身攜帶記憶，枕著睡最好。此刻達(dá)成時(shí)句式變化IhavegonefishingwithTom.特別疑問句式：1WhathaveyoudonewithTom?2Whohaveyougonefishingwith?此刻達(dá)成時(shí)用法（怎樣做題，找到時(shí)間線索詞）思慮：依據(jù)達(dá)成時(shí)特色，哪些詞能夠與此刻達(dá)成時(shí)連用。（1）already:早已（放在必然句中或句尾。）Ihavealreadycleanedtheroom.=Ihavecleanedtheroomalready.(2)yet:1.已經(jīng)（用于疑問句句尾）Haveyoucleanedtheroomyet?2.還（用于否認(rèn)句句尾）Ihaven’tcleanedtheroomyet.(3)ever:以前（常用于疑問句）Haveyoueverheardof(聽聞）thenews?never:從不Ihaveneverheardofthenews.just:剛剛Ihavecleanedtheroomjust.（4）sofar/bynow:當(dāng)前為止inthelast/pastfewyears:過去這幾年到此刻recently:近來表次數(shù)(once,twicethreetimes)：※Ihavefinishedwritingthisbookrecently.※Ihavereadthisbooktwice.※Ihavereadthisbooksofar.※Shehaslearnedabouteducationinthepastfewyears.*(5)for+時(shí)間段(時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度）：長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久時(shí)間Ihavereadthisbookfortwohours.*(6)since+1.過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)Ihavedonemyhomeworksince6o’clocklastnight.自...以2.過去時(shí)間Ihavedonemyhomeworksincelastnight.來3過去時(shí)態(tài)的從句Ihavedonemyhomeworksinceyoucameback.注意：對(duì)于（5）（6），當(dāng)時(shí)間是since和for指引時(shí)，注意達(dá)成是的動(dòng)詞必然是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，為什么呢？（）比較以下三句找到答案。Ihavealreadyboughtthisbook.(√)Ihaveboughtthisbookfortwohours.(×)

必然句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句必然回答否認(rèn)回答1Ihavegone1Ihavenotgone1HaveyougonefishingYes,INo,IfishingwithTom.fishingwithTom.withTom?have.haven’t.2He/shehasgone2He/shehasnotgone2Hashe/shegoneYes,he/sheNo.,he/shefishingwithTom.fishingwithTom.fishingwithTom?has.hasn’t.3They/Wehavegone3They/WehavenotfishingwithTom.gonefishingwithTom.3Havethey/WegoneYes,they/No,they/we（直接在have/has后加fishingwithTom?wehave.haven’t.not）（直接將have/has提早句首）Ihavehadthisbookfortwohours.(√）短暫性變連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞問題：haveborrowed/lent(借）——havekept(保存）haveleft(走開）——havebeenawayhavedied（死亡）——havebeendeadhavearrived(抵達(dá)）——havebeenin將以下兩句話用達(dá)成時(shí)歸并成一句話,提示since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)for+時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度，兩句話哪個(gè)動(dòng)詞是連續(xù)性IaminBeijing.IarrivedinBeijingtwodaysago.______________________________________.改錯(cuò):Shehasleftforfivehours.(×)改為________________________（為了更好理解此刻達(dá)成時(shí)用連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞看到P764a練習(xí)）練一練(用since\for，用所給動(dòng)詞適合形式填空）提示：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)for+時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度1Mr.Li_______（have）thisTV________fiveyears.2Tom________(read)thisbook________hewas7yearsold.3They_______(played)basketball_____twohoursago.（為了更好理解此刻達(dá)成時(shí)用連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞看到P764a）常錯(cuò)易考點(diǎn)1have/hasgoneto:去過某地（未回來，可能還在路上）——Whereisyourmother?——Shehasgonetothesupermarket.Shewillbebacksoon(已經(jīng)去了商場(chǎng)可是還沒回）2have/hasbeento:去過某地（已經(jīng)回來）IhaveeverbeentoChinaandIhavebeentoBeijingtwice.3have/hasbeenin+地方：在哪里待了（多久）MyfatherhasbeeninBeijingfor9years.總結(jié)：1此刻達(dá)成時(shí)指的是______________________________________2哪些詞能夠與此刻達(dá)成時(shí)連用？______________________________3你以為學(xué)習(xí)達(dá)成應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的知識(shí)點(diǎn)？____________________________小試牛刀：翻譯以下2組句子1Iatethefoodtwohoursago._________________2HelosthisMom,Ihaveeatenthefoodsincetwohourago.books._______________Hehaslosthis闖關(guān)此刻達(dá)成時(shí)一、請(qǐng)同學(xué)們?cè)赨nit8,9,10單元中找抵達(dá)成時(shí)的句子用紅筆畫下來并在書中翻譯。二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_____what'shappenedtohim

Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknow2、Thevolunteers_______alotofhelptotheoldsince2019.Ａ.offeredＢ.haveofferedＣ.offer3、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyearsＡiswritingＢ.waswritingＣhaswritten4、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;better5、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａwas;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studied6、——HowdoyoulikeBeijing?——Ihavenoidea.I______there.AhavegoneBhavebeenChaven’tbeen7、Thepolicesaid:“Theman________________foraday.”AhasdiedBhasbeendeadCdied8、MrLi,Tomisn’there.He___________theofficetoaskquestions.AhasgonetoBhasbeentoChasbeen三、達(dá)成對(duì)話1__________________?——No,_______.Shehasfinisheddoingherhomework.2⑴_(tái)__________________?⑵________________?——Theyhaveworkedforfivehours.3、Ihavebrokenthecup.(改否認(rèn)句）____________________________四、翻譯1我們已經(jīng)告訴Tom掃教室了。2、Tom已經(jīng)睡了8個(gè)小時(shí)了。3、Mary自昨晚10點(diǎn)以來就在備考了。五、試著達(dá)成8,9,10單元grammar和selfcheck練習(xí)。六、1.造句堅(jiān)固此刻達(dá)成時(shí)的過去分詞變化。（課上翻譯寫句子處）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________造句堅(jiān)固此刻達(dá)成時(shí)句型變化。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________