2016年考研英語一真題及答案解析

年考研英語一試卷及答案SectionIUseofEnglishReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,1thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamataker.Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying6agoodfamily.Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,7bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlysedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildanewhousenearby.Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divoreceds15withsomedisapproval.Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up:Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.[AbywayofBonbehalfofCaswellasDwithregardto[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]aswellas[考點(diǎn)分析][選項(xiàng)分析]因?yàn)榭疾檫壿嬯P(guān)系，所以需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定表示“不僅……而且……”，該空后面的those指代前文出現(xiàn)的“parentsandfriends”，顯然“theyoungman”與“theyoungwoman”為并列關(guān)系，表示“與他本人of通過，[D]withregardto關(guān)于，[B]onbehalfof代表。[AadapttoBprovideforCcompetewithDdecideon[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][D]decideon[考點(diǎn)分析]上下文語[選項(xiàng)分析根據(jù)該句的ayoungmanalikelyspouse的關(guān)系，答案只能是[D]項(xiàng)decideon“決定”，表示自己決定自己的配偶。[B]項(xiàng)providefor為……提供準(zhǔn)備……，provide為及物動詞，直接跟賓語，不需要加介詞；[C]項(xiàng)competewith“與……競爭”，[A]項(xiàng)adaptto“適用”。[AcloseB]remew[C]arrangeDpostpone[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]arrange[選項(xiàng)分析]該句意思為：他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母婚推遲；這三項(xiàng)語義不正確，只有[C]arrange“安排”符合語境。[AAboveallBIntheoryCIntimeDForexample[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][B]Intheory[考點(diǎn)分析]上下文語[選項(xiàng)分析]邏輯判斷題主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面說“他可以自己選擇[AAlthoughBLestCAfterDUnless[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]After[考點(diǎn)分析]上下文語[選項(xiàng)分析]根據(jù)下文“ aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamily項(xiàng)Lest以免，，[D]Unless除非，否則都不符合題意。[AintoBwithinCfromDthrough[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][A]into[選項(xiàng)分析]這里主要是看marry與相關(guān)介詞的固定搭配及句意理解。這里marryinto就是指“通過得到[成為]……的一員”，而其他選項(xiàng)均沒有這層含[AsinceBor[C]butDso[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]but[考點(diǎn)分析][選項(xiàng)分析]根據(jù)上文“以前婚禮會持續(xù)三天”，出處句子意為“到了20世紀(jì)項(xiàng)but但是。[AcopyBtestCreciteDcreate[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]reciterecite有“吟誦、朗誦”的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為“吟誦祝福的[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrap[D]tying[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][D]tying觀四個(gè)選項(xiàng)[A]項(xiàng)折疊，[B]項(xiàng)堆積，[C]項(xiàng)包裹，[D]項(xiàng)系上，根據(jù)后文的“aroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists在新郎和新娘的腰間”，只有[D]項(xiàng)“將在圣[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D][標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案A][選項(xiàng)分析]原文空格需要填寫一個(gè)動詞與后文“aroundacircle”來搭配，譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”，故[A]項(xiàng)“傳遞”為正確選項(xiàng)。[B]項(xiàng)點(diǎn)亮，[C]項(xiàng)隱藏，[D]項(xiàng)服[AmeetingBcollectionCassociationDunion[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][D]union[考點(diǎn)分析][選項(xiàng)分析]本句語義為“將蠟燭繞著完婚和受人尊敬的夫妻傳遞一圈來祝?！保琜D]項(xiàng)結(jié)合，引申為“”之意；根據(jù)語境，[D]項(xiàng)正確。[AgrowBpartCdealDlive[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][D]live[選項(xiàng)分析]本題比較簡單。根據(jù)語義“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母一年”，[D]項(xiàng)“生活”為最佳答案。[C]項(xiàng)交易，[B]項(xiàng)分開，[A]項(xiàng)成長。[AwhereasBuntil[C]ifDfor[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][B]until[考點(diǎn)分析]時(shí)間邏[選項(xiàng)分析]本句意為“他們在附近建造一棟新房子”，[A]項(xiàng)然而，[B]項(xiàng)直到，[D]項(xiàng)因?yàn)?，[C]項(xiàng)如果，結(jié)合前文“新婚夫婦根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)要和女方家人[AavoidBfollowCchallengeDobtain[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][D]obtain[選項(xiàng)分析]Divorceislegalandrelativelyeasyto14,butnotcommon.該句句意為“離婚是合法的，且相對容易?！盵A]avoid避免，[B]follow隨，[C]項(xiàng)challenge，質(zhì)疑，[D]項(xiàng)obtain獲得，實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)可知這里表達(dá)的是正面的意思，再根據(jù)句意選擇[D]項(xiàng)[AisolatedBpersuadedCviewedDexposed[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]viewed[選項(xiàng)分析]Divorcedsare15withsomedisapproval.離婚的人一這句其實(shí)是在說明離婚并不常見的原因，[A]項(xiàng)isolated孤立，[B]項(xiàng)persuaded勸說，[C]viewed看待，[D]exposed接觸，受到……的影響，[C]項(xiàng)最符合句[AwhereeverBwhatever[C]wheneverDhowever[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][B]whatever[考點(diǎn)分析]關(guān)系代[選項(xiàng)分析]Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage.17小題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是動詞，所以該句意思為：夫婦雙方保有財(cái)產(chǎn)，這個(gè)財(cái)產(chǎn)是他或她進(jìn)的。結(jié)合[A]項(xiàng)whereever“無論何地；任何（地方）=anythat”；[C]whenever無論何時(shí)；任何時(shí)間=anytimewhen；[D]however無論property。因此，選擇[B]項(xiàng)，等于retainsanypropertythatheorshe……。[AchangedBbroughtCshapedDpushed[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][B]brought，[選項(xiàng)分析]Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothe[D]項(xiàng)pushed“推迫”結(jié)合語境只有[B]項(xiàng)符合句意意為“把財(cái)產(chǎn)帶入”，[AinvestedBdividedCdonatedDwithdrawn[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][B]divided[選項(xiàng)分析]...andjointly-acquiredpropertyis18equally.結(jié)合[A]項(xiàng)invested投資；[B]divided分配；分開；[C]donated捐贈；[D]withdrawn[AwarmsBclears[C]showsDbreaks[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][C]shows[考點(diǎn)分析]動詞固[選項(xiàng)分析]Divorcedsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up.[B]clearup（天氣）變晴，收拾，消除；[C]showup顯現(xiàn)；[D]breakup[AwhileBsothatConceDinthat[標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案][A]while[選項(xiàng)分析]上下文語[考點(diǎn)分析]本句句意為：離婚的再婚不需要等待期，女性必須等十個(gè)月。顯然前后兩句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，只有[A]while“然而”能夠表達(dá)這個(gè)意思。SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartAText1France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath-assomehavedone.Itlsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandinlectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep—andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetaernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:“Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.’Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofRelyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninPhysicalbeautywouldbeNewrunwayswouldbeWebsitesaboutdietingwouldThefashionindustrywould[APhysicalbeautywouldbe【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)France定位到文章前兩段，第一段國決定時(shí)裝過度瘦弱”。第二段第二句提到“Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimingonhealth.That’sastart.他們建議美麗不應(yīng)該以Thephrase“imingon”(Line2,Para2)isclosestinmeaningheighteningthevalueindicatingthestatelosingfaithngharm【答案】[D]ngharm【解析】猜詞題。定位到第二段第二句“Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimingonhealth.他們建議美麗不應(yīng)該以身體健康為代價(jià)的外表來界定?！眎mingon后面的賓語為“health”，即對健康的某種持身材，挨餓致死，因此推測出這一短語在這里的意思為“，”，[D]項(xiàng)WhichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionTheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyNewstandardsarebeingsetinModelarenolongerunderpeerItsinherentproblemsaregetting[B]NewStandardsarebeingsetin“nnmak,...tistringtotvolutarytrdsormodelsandfin...在丹麥，它正嘗試為模特設(shè)定自愿的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)……”[]項(xiàng)“在丹麥新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正在被設(shè)定”[]項(xiàng)“法國的措施失敗了”[]項(xiàng)“不再有來自的壓力”，文章第五段第二句后半imgsthatrlymoreonperpreornorent”，屬“正反；[]項(xiàng)“它固有的問題變得更嚴(yán)重了”，文中第五段只提及時(shí)裝業(yè)有固有的問題，并未提及變得更嚴(yán)重”，屬于無中生有。AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWsettingahighagethresholdforcaringtoomuchaboutmodels’showinglittleconcernforhealthpursuingperfectphysical[C]showinglittleconcernforhealth根據(jù)CFW可回到文中定位至倒數(shù)第二段，該段提到丹麥的時(shí)尚界就有關(guān)本時(shí)裝周（CFW）。因此[C]項(xiàng)的“不關(guān)心健康因素”符合題意，為正確答案WhichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleoftheTheGreatThreatstotheFashionJustAnotherRoundofStruggleforADilemmafortheStarvingModelsinAChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBody[DAchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBody裝業(yè)已經(jīng)失去了定義女性身體之美的絕對權(quán)力，且議會也通過宣傳過TextForthefirsttimeinhistory,morepeopleliveintownsthaninthecounty.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfirmly,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.Theconservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorioverconservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare.incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone,nointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheTheideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousebut,asalways,wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshopsitesagainst.highstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrowlandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?Developmentshouldbeplanned.notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugalSpainorIrelandavoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshoulduniteleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthedidn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanhasbroughtmuchbenefittotheisfullybackedbytheroyalisnotwellreflectedin[Disnotwellreflectedin“publicsentiment，“thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport”對應(yīng)[D]項(xiàng)“isnotwellreflectedinpolitics”，意為“在政治上沒有得到很好的反響”，是對原文AccordingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowgraduallyeffectivelyproperlylargely[D]largelytheNationalTrust定位到第二段首句。第二的第三句“Hill的項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造出國家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，而且每年WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraphLabourisunderattackforopposingTheConservativesmayabandon“off-plan”TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalUkipmaygainfromitssupportforrural[DUkipmaygainfromitssupportforrural六七句提到：只有Ukip其機(jī)會，支持那些懇求在使用綠地上有更周全的Ukip的做法符合大眾情緒，會因此獲益。[A]項(xiàng)的“Ukip可能因支持保護(hù)鄉(xiāng)村而TheauthorholdsthatGeorgeOsborne’srevealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanshowshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralstressesthenecessityofeasingthehousinghighlightshisfirmstandiagainstlobby【答案】[Bshowshisdisregardforthecharacterofrural【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)GeorgeOsborne定位至第五段，第五段第二句提到Osborne支持鄉(xiāng)村新建住宅城市改造和重建，支持郊區(qū)購物場所Osborne的觀點(diǎn)只強(qiáng)調(diào)城市，忽視了鄉(xiāng)村，[B]項(xiàng)“表明他對鄉(xiāng)村區(qū)[D]項(xiàng)“突出了他團(tuán)壓力的堅(jiān)定立場”，文中并未提及，屬于“無中生有”Inthelastparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationthesizeofpopulationintheenviableurbanlifestyleinthetown-and-countryplanninginBritain.[D]thepoliticallifeintoday’sBritain.[C]thetown-and-countryplanninginandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.”，[C]項(xiàng)的“thetown-and-countryplanninginText3“Thereisoneandonlyonesocialresponsibilityofbusinesses,”wroteMiltonFriedman,aNobelprize-winningeconomist,“Thatis,touseitsresourcesandengageinactivitiesdesignedtoincreaseitsprofits.”ButevenifyouacceptFiredman’spremiseandregardcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)policiesasawasteofshareholders’money,thingsmaynotbeabsoluyclear-cut.NewresearchsuggeststhatCSRmaycreatemonetaryvalueforcompanies-atleastwhentheyareprosecutedforcorruption.ThelargestfirmsinAmericaandBritaintogetherspendmorethan$15billionayearonCSR,accordingtoanestimatebyEPG,aconsultingfirm.Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.First,consumersmaytakeCSRspendingasa“signal”thatacompany’sproductsareofhighquality.Second,customersmaybewillingtobuyacompany’sproductsasanindirectwaytodonatetothegoodcausesithelps.Andthird,throughamorediffuse“haloeffect,”wherebyitsgooddeedsearnitgreaterconsiderationfromconsumersandothers.PreviousstudiesonCSRhavehadtroubledifferentiatingtheseeffectsbecauseconsumerscanbeaffectedbyallthree.ArecentstudyattemptstoseparatethembylookingatbriberyprosecutionsunderAmerica’sForeignCorruptPracticesAct(FCPA).Itarguesthatsinceprosecutorsdonotconsumeacompany’sproductsaspartoftheirinvestigations,theycouldbeinfluencedonlybythehaloeffect.Thestudyfoundthat,amongprosecutedfirms,thosewiththemostcomprehensiveCSRprogrammestendedtogetmorelenientpenalties.Theirysisruledoutthepossibilitythatitwasfirms’politicalinfluence,ratherthantheirCSRstand,thataccountedfortheleniency:CompaniesthatcontributedmoretonsdidnotreceivelowerInall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemtobeinfluencedbyacompany’srecordinCSR.“Weestimatethateithereliminatingasubstantiallabour-rightsconcern,suchaschildlabourorincreasingcorporagivingbyabout20%resultsinfinesthatgenerallyare40%lowerthanthetypicalpunishmentforbridingforeignofficials,”saysoneresearcher.ResearchersadmitthattheirstudydoesnotanswerthequestionofhowmuchbusinessesoughttospendonCSR.Nordoesitrevealhowmuchcompaniesarebankingonthehaloeffectratherthantheotherpossiblebenefits,whentheydecidetheirdo-goodingpolicies.Butatleasttheyhavedemonstratedthatwhencompaniesgetintotroublewiththelaw,evidenceofgoodcharactercanwinthemalesscostlyTheauthorviewsMiltonFriedman’sstatementaboutCSR【答案】說法是什么態(tài)度。根據(jù)信號MiltonFriedman這個(gè)人定位到首段。注意題干問notbeabsoluyclear-cut，可見作者對MiltonFriedman所說的內(nèi)容并不完全贊AccordingtoParagraph2,CSRhelpsacompanywinningtrustfromguardingitagainstprotectingitfrombeingraisingthequalityofits【答案】Thiscouldaddvaluetotheirbusinessesinthreeways.ThisCSR，根據(jù)接下消費(fèi)者會地考慮這樣的公司的產(chǎn)品?？芍?，有CSR支出的公司會吸引[B]防止公司里的玩忽職守，[C]保護(hù)公司免受毀謗，[D]Theexpression“morelenient’(Line2,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningmorelesslessmore【答案】【解析】猜詞題。根據(jù)題干中的出處提示“l(fā)ine2,para.4”及信號詞“morelenient”定位到原文中的第四段第一句：Thestudyfoundthat...penalties。明顯此句morelenientpenalties(懲罰)morelenient的含義，需要知道被的公司中，那些有著全面的CSR項(xiàng)目的公司和penalties之間的聯(lián)系。本項(xiàng)在第五段的最后一句最容易被看出來，第五段最后一句提到那些在CSR有morelenient是較輕，即較不嚴(yán)重的意思，故選[C]項(xiàng)。[A][B][D]三項(xiàng)均不是morelenient的意思，故排除。Whenprosecutorsevaluateacase,acompany’sCSRhasanimpactontheircomesacrossasreliableincreasesthechanceofbeingconstitutespartofthe【答案】CSRrecordprosecutorsevaluateacase的prosecutorsevaluateacase可回文中定位到第五段第一句：Inall...inCSRbeinfluenced與[A]hasanimpact對應(yīng)，即一個(gè)公司的CSR會影響官對其的評估，故選[A]項(xiàng)。[B]項(xiàng)被官認(rèn)為是可靠的，[C]項(xiàng)增加了被懲罰的機(jī)會，[D]項(xiàng)構(gòu)成了的一部分，這三項(xiàng)WhichofthefollowingistrueofCSR,accordingtothelastItsnegativeeffectsonbusinessesareoftenThenecessaryamountofcompanies’spendingonitisCompanies’financialcapacityforithasbeenIthasbroughtmuchbenefittothebanking【答案】CSR的論述哪個(gè)是對的。題：公司應(yīng)該在CSR方面花費(fèi)”。[B]項(xiàng)的意思是“公司在CSR方面的花費(fèi)是未知的”，屬于原文的同義替換，故正確。[A]項(xiàng)CSR對公司的影響經(jīng)常被忽視，[C]CSR的經(jīng)濟(jì)承擔(dān)力被過高估計(jì)了，[D]CSR給銀行業(yè)TextTherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper-printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintandsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butriskingtoeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPere.PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdo,ittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem,”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasablunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?“Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid.“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.”Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dfeelliketheywerehelsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.“Soifyouareoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehel,”Perettisaid,“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit,WhichmaybewhattheTimesisngalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscription.“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness,”Perettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’rengthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges.Inthosesituations,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethanlessaggressive.”TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingit’sprinteditionpartlyduethepressureformitsthecomplaintsfromitsthehighcostoftheincreasingonlinead【答案】句：Theinfrastructure...isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.意思是紙質(zhì)印刷所要求制。[C]項(xiàng)“運(yùn)行的高成本”是對原文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，故正確。[A]項(xiàng)來自于投資者的壓力，[B]項(xiàng)來自于讀者的，[D]項(xiàng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)銷售的增長，這三項(xiàng)在文中Perettisuggeststhat.infaceofthepresentsituation,theTimesmakestrategicendtheprinteditionforseeknewsourcesofaimforefficient【答案】【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是：面對目前的形勢，Peretti建議《》Peretti回原文中定位至第四段，首句內(nèi)Peretti說《紐解決這件事。接著第二句Peretti說找到式來促進(jìn)這種轉(zhuǎn)變會對他們來說有用處?？芍狿eretti認(rèn)為《》應(yīng)當(dāng)做出一些改變而非停止紙質(zhì)版的發(fā)行，[A]項(xiàng)“做出策略上的調(diào)整”是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故正確。[B]項(xiàng)結(jié)束紙質(zhì)版，與原文意思相反，故排除；[C]項(xiàng)尋求新的讀者資源，[D]項(xiàng)以高效的ItcanbeinferredfrontParagraphs5and6thata“l(fā)egacywillhavethecostofprintingismeantforthemostloyalhelpsrestorethegloryofformerexpandsthepopularityofthe【答案】【解析】題干意思為：從第五、六段可以推斷出“產(chǎn)品”。根據(jù)信號詞legacyproduct定位到第五段最后一句：Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.不僅要提高價(jià)格還要將它變?yōu)橐环N遺留品。單單這一句不足以做是在幫助維持他們所信任的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量?？梢奝eretti認(rèn)為忠實(shí)的者不會有改變，如果可以每年增加一些比例，那么依舊是可以創(chuàng)收的。緊接著出現(xiàn)了in容的同義替換，為正確答案。[A][C][D]項(xiàng)擴(kuò)大報(bào)紙的受歡迎程度，這三項(xiàng)均在文中未提及，故排除。Perettibelievesthatinachangingtraditionalluxuriescanstayaggressivenessbettermeetscautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-legacybusinesses ing【答案】和changingworldPeretti認(rèn)為在更好地迎接”，本項(xiàng)是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故正確。[A]項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)的奢侈品不意思相反，故排除；[D]項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)正在變得過時(shí)，在文中未提及，故排除。40.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleoftheMakeYourPrintNewspaperaLuxuryKeepYourNewspaperForeverinCherishtheNewspaperStillinYourShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllat【答案】重點(diǎn)闡述Peretti對此問題的看法：《》紙質(zhì)版應(yīng)該考慮——為大的報(bào)紙時(shí)尚前沿，[C]項(xiàng)珍惜你手中仍然擁有的報(bào)紙，[D]項(xiàng)立刻轉(zhuǎn)向網(wǎng)絡(luò)PartReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadings.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.CreateanewimageofDecideifthetimeisHaveconfidenceinUnderstandtheWorkwithKnowyourMakeitNomatterhowformalorinformaltheworkenvironment,thewayyoupresentyourselfhasanimpact.Thisisespeciallytrueinfastimpressions.AccordingtoresearchfromPrincetonUniversity,peopleassessyourcompetence,trustworthiness,andlikeabilityinjustatenthofasecond,solelybasedonthewayyoulook.Thedifferencebetweentoday’sworkplaceandthe“dressforsuccess”eraisthattherangeofoptionsissomuchbroader.Normshaveevolvedandfragmented.Insomesettings,redsneakersordressT-shirtscanconveystatus;inothersnotsomuch.Plus,whateverimagewepresentismagnifiedbysocial-mediaserviceslikeLinkedIn.Chancesare,yourheadshotsareseenmuchmoreoftennowthanadecadeortwoago.Millennials,itseems,facetheparadoxofbeingtheleastformalgenerationyetthemostconsciousofstyleandalbranding.Itcanbeconfusing.Sohowdowenavigatethis?Howdoweknowwhentoinvestinanupgrade?Andwhat’sthebestwaytopulloffonethatenhancesourgoals?Herearesometips:Asanexecutivecoach,I’veseenimageupgradesbeparticularlyhelpfulduringtransitions-whenlookingforanewjob,stepintoanewormorepublicrole,orchangingworkenvironments.Ifyou’reinaperiodofchangeorjustfeelingstuckandinarut,nowmaybeagoodtime.Ifyou’renotsure,askforhonestfeedbackfromtrustedfriends,colleaguesandprofessionals.Lookforcuesabouthowothersperceiveyou.Maybethere’snoneedforanupgradeandthat’sOK.【答案】Getclearonwhatimpactyou’rehotohave.Areyoulookingtorefreshyourimageorpivotit?Forone ,thegoalmaybetobetakenmoreseriouslyandenhancetheirprofessionalimage.Foranother,itmaybetobeperceivedasmoreapproachable,ormoremodernandstylish.Forsomeonemovingfromfinancetoadvertising,maybetheywanttolookmore“SoHo.”(It’sOKtousecharacterizationslikethat.)【答案】Lookatyourworkenvironmentlikeananthropologist.Whatarethenormsofyourenvironment?Whatconveysstatus?Whoareyourmostimportantaudiences?Howdothepeopleyourespectandlookuptopresentthemselves?Thebetteryouunderstandteculturalcontext,themorecontrolyoucanhaveoveryourimpact.【答案】Enlistthesupportofprofessionalsandsharewiththemyourgoalsandcontext.Hirea alstylist,orusethefreestylingserviceofastorelike.Crew.Tryahairstylistinsteadofabarber.Workwithaprofessionalphotographerinsteadofyourspouseorfriend.It’snotasexpensiveasyoumightthink.【答案】Thepointofastyleupgradeisn’tto emorevainortospendmoretimeexcessingoverwhattowear.Instead,useitasanopportunitytoreducedecisionfatigue.Pickastandardworkuniformorafewgo-tooptions.Buyallyourclothes….oncewithastylistinsteadofshopalone,onearticleofclothingatatime.【答案】起把衣服一下子都買了，而不是一個(gè)人，或者一次只買一件”。這些提到的PartReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YoutranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEKT.(10Mentalhealthisourbirthright.(46)Wedon’thavetolearnhowtobementallyhealthy;ititbuiltintousthatourbodiesknowhowtohealacutormendabrokenbone.Mentalhealthcan’tbelearned,onlyreawakened.Itisliketheimmunesystemofthebody,whichunderstressorthroughlackofnutritionorexercisecanbeweakened,butwhichneverleavesus.Whenwedon'tunderstandthevalueofmentalhealthandwedon'tknowhowtogainaccesstoit,mentalhealthwillremainhiddenfromus.(47)Ourmentalhealthdoesn’treallygoanywhere;likethesunbehindacloud,itcanbetemporarilyhiddenfromview,butitisfullycapableofbeingrestoredinaninstant.Mentalhealthistheseedthatcontainsself-esteem-confidenceinourselvesandanabilitytotrustinourcommonsense.Itallowsustohaveonourlives-theabilitytonottakeourselvestooseriously,tolaughatourselves,toseethebiggerpicture,andtoseethatthingswillworkout.It’saformofinnateorunlearnedoptimism.(48)Mentalhealthallowsustoviewotherswithsympathyiftheyarehavingtroubles,withkindnessiftheyareinpain,andwithunconditionallovenomatterwhotheyare.Mentalhealthisthesourceofcreativityforsovingproblems,resolving,makingoursurroundingsmorebeautiful,managingourhomelife,orcomingupwithacreativebusinessideaorinventiontomakeourliveseasier.Itgivesuspatienceforourselvesandtowardothersaswellaspatiencewhiledriving,catchingafish,workingonourcar,orraisingachild.Itallowsustoseethebeautythatsurroundsuseachmomentinnature,inculture,intheflowofourdaily(49)Althoughmentalhealthisthecure-allforlivingourlives,itisperfectlyordinaryasyouwillseethatithasbeentheretodirectyouthroughallyourdifficultdecisions.Ithasbeenavailableeveninthemostmundaneoflifesituationstoshowyourightfromwrong,goodfrombad,friendfromfoe.Mentalhealthhascommonlybeencalledconscience,i monsense,ortheinnervoice.Wethinkofitsimplyasahealthyandhelpfulflowofinligentthought.(50)Asyouwillcometosee,knowingthatmentalheathisalwaysavailableandknowingtotrustitallowustoslowdowntothemomentandlivelifehappily.Wedon’thavetolearnhowtobementallyhealthy;itisbuiltintousinthesamewaythatourbodiesknowhowtohealacutormendabroken