雙-大三下實(shí)用翻譯lecture

BusinessTranslation商貿(mào)翻譯Lecture11商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)概述專門用途英語(yǔ)（EnglishforSpecificPurposes)的一個(gè)分支。商貿(mào)活動(dòng)的許多領(lǐng)域，如，技術(shù)引進(jìn)、對(duì)外貿(mào)易、招商引資、對(duì)外勞務(wù)承包與合同、國(guó)際金融、涉外保險(xiǎn)、國(guó)際旅游、海外投資、國(guó)際運(yùn)輸?shù)?，所使用的英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)稱為商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)（BusinessEnglish）。它已成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)中必不可少的語(yǔ)言交際工具?？梢哉f(shuō)商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)控制著國(guó)際交流，國(guó)際交流離不開商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，全世界16億以英語(yǔ)為第一語(yǔ)言、第二語(yǔ)言或外語(yǔ)的人群中幾乎90%的人每天都在與商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)打交道，可見商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)的應(yīng)用十分廣泛。一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)用詞簡(jiǎn)單、淡于修飾恕不講價(jià)—oneprice(fixedprice)年終大甩賣–year-endsale一條龍服務(wù)–door-to-doorservice貨物出門，概不退換—allsalesarefinal7折大減價(jià)–30%discount親臨洽談業(yè)務(wù)–face-to-facediscussion一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)表達(dá)方式固定（約定俗成）押“金”—deposit保證“金”–guarantee定“金”–downpayment傭“金”–commission周轉(zhuǎn)“金”–revolvingfund獎(jiǎng)“金”--bonus一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)表達(dá)方式多樣化最新報(bào)價(jià)–therecentquotations最新產(chǎn)品–thenewestproducts最新花色–up-to-datepatterns最新消息–thelatestnews最新設(shè)備–themostadvancedequipment一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)句子宜短我公司堅(jiān)持“以質(zhì)量和信譽(yù)取勝”的方針，實(shí)行平等互利的政策，參考國(guó)際習(xí)慣作法，重合同、守信用，積極發(fā)展與世界各地廠商的貿(mào)易往來(lái)。Basedontheprincipleof“WinningSuccesswithQualityandPromise”,basedonthepolicyofequalityandmutualbenefit,ourcompanywantstodeveloptradewithtradersallovertheworldbyadheringtocontractualconditionsandkeepingpromisesaccordingtointernationalpractice.(1)“Thequalityandprestigefirst”isourprinciple.(2)Equalityandmutualbenefitisourpolicy.(3)Weaimtodevelopbusinesswithtradersallovertheworld.(4)Wecomplywithcontractsandkeeppromisesaccordingtointernationalpractice.一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)用詞注意輕重，承諾留有余地，數(shù)字例外我們保證決不重犯這種錯(cuò)誤。Weassure

youthatthiserrorwillneveroccuragain.Wewilldoallwecantopreventarepetitionofthiserror.我方確定所交貨物質(zhì)量與樣品相同。Weconfirmthatthegoodssentareequalinqualitytothesample.Weconfirmthatthegoodssentaresimilarinqualitytothesample.原文普通英語(yǔ)表達(dá)法商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)法一周之內(nèi)InaweekInoneweekorless3月10日前BeforeMarch10OnorbeforeMarch10八月上旬InearlyAugustWithinthefirst10daysofAugust六月中旬InmiddleAugustWithinthesecond10daysofAugust自11月1日起FromNovember1From&includingNovember1一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)措辭禮貌、婉轉(zhuǎn)，忌盛氣凌人貨已備妥，等待裝運(yùn)，請(qǐng)批示Thegoodsarenearlyreadyfordispatchandweshouldbegladtohaveyourinstruction.由于原材料成本漲價(jià)，我們須提價(jià)3%。Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswemustraiseourpriceby3%.Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswehavetoraiseourpriceby3%.Duetotherisingcostofrawmaterialswearereluctantlycompelledtoraiseourpriceby3%.一、語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)慎用被動(dòng)句很遺憾地告知，貴廠生產(chǎn)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)很難啟動(dòng)。Wearesorrytoreportthatwehavegreatdifficultyingettingyourenginetostart.我方保留要求賠償損壞的權(quán)利。Wereservetherighttoclaimcompensationfromyouforanydamage.二、商標(biāo)翻譯pronunciation茅臺(tái)(Maotai,Moutai)Hilton希爾頓東風(fēng)(Dongfeng)Omega歐米茄上菱(Shangling)Simens西門子中意(Zhongyi)Kodakpronunciationwithgoodmeaning樂(lè)凱(Lucky)中國(guó)膠卷品牌STONE北京斯通NATIONAL松下Panasonicmeaning皇朝Royal永久Forever飛鴿FlyingPigeonspecialnames李寧LiNing上海Shanghai長(zhǎng)城Sinopecnumbers7UP七喜（七起）999SanjiuMedicalandPharmaceuticalCo,.Ltdnotacceptablemeanings鵝goose(foolish)船junkflat-bottomedChinesesailing-ship中國(guó)帆船.荷花Lotus（希臘神話中的）落柘棗（食後產(chǎn)生懶怠與夢(mèng)幻的滿足感）.仙鶴，孔雀crane,peacock(喜歡招搖）三、商品品名翻譯聯(lián)系商品特性福建蜜橘–FujianTangerine廣東蜜橘–CantonMandarinOrange黃巖蜜橘–HuangyanSweetOrange藥棉Absorbentpowder(英漢綜合詞典，P1019)Cottonwool(漢英英漢實(shí)用外貿(mào)辭典，P56)Absorbentcotton（最新實(shí)用漢英詞典，P956)三、商品品名翻譯品名與商品名對(duì)應(yīng)皮褥子Furplates(常見外貿(mào)商品品名及用語(yǔ)手冊(cè)，65）Skinplates（漢英中國(guó)出口商品詞典，235）Furpatches風(fēng)衣Raincoats（漢英英漢實(shí)用外經(jīng)外貿(mào)辭典，590）Windbreaker（漢英科技詞匯大全，302）三、商品品名翻譯用詞貼切精制年糕RefinedricecakeGlutinousricecakeNewyearcakeSpringfestivalcake(漢英大詞典，1840）Qualityglutinousricecake黃酒YellowwineHuangchiewShaoXingwineYellowriceormilletwine(漢英詞典，295）Shaoxingricewine翻譯中國(guó)特有的商品品名時(shí)，譯者應(yīng)主要參考商貿(mào)專業(yè)漢英詞典。作為出口的許多中國(guó)商品，經(jīng)過(guò)商貿(mào)專業(yè)人員多年的共同努力，基本上都有了固定的英語(yǔ)譯名。這些英語(yǔ)譯名在國(guó)際上流通已久，譯者若隨便翻譯，必然導(dǎo)致物名分家。我們不可能從國(guó)際商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)中輕易找到這些中國(guó)特有商品的譯名，唯一的途徑就是查找中國(guó)外貿(mào)領(lǐng)域約定俗成的譯法。四、商貿(mào)漢英翻譯根據(jù)商貿(mào)英語(yǔ)和商貿(mào)漢語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，我們?cè)诖颂岢?，商貿(mào)漢英翻譯宜遵守如下原則：忠實(shí)(faithfulness)、準(zhǔn)確(exactness)、統(tǒng)一(consistency)。商貿(mào)翻譯中的“忠實(shí)”是指正確地將原文語(yǔ)言的信息用譯文語(yǔ)言表達(dá)出來(lái)。這個(gè)“忠實(shí)”不苛求語(yǔ)法與句子結(jié)構(gòu)的一致，卻要求信息內(nèi)涵上的相等。商貿(mào)漢英翻譯的“準(zhǔn)確

”原則是指譯者在將原文語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)換到譯文語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容的過(guò)程中選詞準(zhǔn)確，做到概念表達(dá)確切，物與名所指正確，數(shù)碼與單位精確。原文與譯文術(shù)語(yǔ)概念上的準(zhǔn)確傳遞，而并不要求表面用詞和結(jié)構(gòu)的對(duì)應(yīng)。要做到翻譯的“準(zhǔn)確”，譯者就應(yīng)扎實(shí)地學(xué)習(xí)漢英語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和商貿(mào)專業(yè)知識(shí)。商貿(mào)漢英翻譯的“統(tǒng)一”原則，就是漢英翻譯過(guò)程中譯名、概念、術(shù)語(yǔ)在任何時(shí)候都應(yīng)保持統(tǒng)一，不允許將同一概念或術(shù)語(yǔ)隨意變換譯名。e.g.相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)——comparativeadvantagetheory（商貿(mào)通用術(shù)語(yǔ)）v.srelativeadvantagetheory（自編）原產(chǎn)地——placeoforigin（商貿(mào)通用術(shù)語(yǔ)）v.soriginalproducingplace（自編）商貿(mào)翻譯問(wèn)題E.g.1該機(jī)是市場(chǎng)緊俏產(chǎn)品，既是音響又是精美的高檔家具。Thisproductisdeeplyewhenitenteredmarketisnotonlyesoundbutalsohigh-gradefurniture.Theproducthasbeendeeplyedsinceitenteredthemarket,notonlyasanexquisitesounder,butalsoapieceofhigh-gradefurniture.Languageabilitye.g.2本公司同仁竭誠(chéng)為各界服務(wù)。Thewholecolleaguesofourcorporationwillwholeheartedlyserveforvariouscircles.Ourcorporationwillprovidethoroughservices.Languageabilitye.g.3武漢市房地產(chǎn)公司系經(jīng)武漢市政府批準(zhǔn)成立。ApprovingbyWuhanmunicipalgovernment,WuhanRealEstateDevelopmentCorporationcameintobeing.ApprovedbyWuhanmunicipalgovernment,WuhanRealEstateDevelopmentCorporationwassetup.Dictione.g.4外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)Foreign-orientedeconomyExternal-economyForeigneconomyExport-orientedeconomyoutward-lookingeconomy獨(dú)資企業(yè)whollyforeign-ownedenterpriseExclusive-investmententerpriseForeign-investedenertpriseForeigndirectinvestmententerpriseSoly-ownedenterpriseForeign-fundedenterpriseDifferentexpression，samemeaninge.g.5建筑設(shè)備和機(jī)械按臨時(shí)進(jìn)口條件運(yùn)入訂貨方國(guó)家。Buildingequipmentandmechanicalfacilitieswillbetransportedintotheorderingcountryundertheconditionoftemporaryimportation.ConstructionalequipmentandmachinesareimportedtotheCustomer’scountryonare-exportationbasis.Nfessional

e.g.6上述合同由于雙方的良好配合，得以順利執(zhí)行，雙方甚為滿意，貴方要求繼續(xù)合作，我方表示歡迎。Becauseofbothparties’goodcooperation,theabove-mentionedcontracthasbeencarriedoutsmoothly.Bothpartiesareverysatisfied.Weeyourrequirementtocontinuethecooperation.Owingtothefactthatthroughourclosecooperation,theabove-mentionedcontracthasbeenexecutedsmoothlytothesatisfactionofbothparties,we