外研(新標(biāo)準(zhǔn))版九級(jí)上ModuleModule重點(diǎn)詞匯語(yǔ)法講練

Module7

Greatbooks1.influencev.影響;作用于【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*We’restillinfluencedbyConfucius’ideas.我們?nèi)匀皇芸鬃拥乃枷氲挠绊憽?Whatyousaidinfluencedhisdecision.你的話(huà)影響了他的決定。*Moderntechnologyhasagreatinfluenceonourlife.現(xiàn)代科技對(duì)我們的生活有很大的影響?！咀灾鳉w納】(1)influence作動(dòng)詞,意為“影響,作用于”,指人或某物對(duì)人們的思想、行為方式的作用,后面接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。(2)influence也可作名詞,意為“影響,作用”。常用詞組haveaninfluenceon意為“對(duì)……有影響/作用”?！緦W(xué)以致用】①I(mǎi)nfact,thenon-smokingrule______manypeople’slifebecausetheyhavetogetridofthehabit.A.educatesB.influencesC.encouragesD.disappoints②Greatbookshaveagreat______onpeople’smindandtheycanhelppeopleunderstandtheworldbetter.A.agreementB.adviceC.powerD.influence2.supposev.猜想;推測(cè);相信;認(rèn)為【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Isupposeheisn’taswell-knownasConfuciusorShakespeare.我認(rèn)為他并不像孔子和莎士比亞一樣出名。*Youaresupposedtocomebackbefore11:00p.m.你應(yīng)該在晚上11點(diǎn)之前回來(lái)。*ItwassupposedthatLiLeihadhislegsbrokeninthefootballmatch.據(jù)猜測(cè),李磊是在足球比賽中摔斷腿的。【自主歸納】suppose的用法(1)suppose動(dòng)詞,意為“猜測(cè);認(rèn)為”,后面可以接that從句作賓語(yǔ)。(2)besupposedtodosth.應(yīng)該做某事。(3)suppose還可用于句型itis/wassupposedthat...意為“據(jù)猜測(cè)……”。【學(xué)以致用】①(2014·河北保定期末)Iwasinawesternrestaurantforthefirsttime.Ididn’tknowwhatI______do.A.wassuppose

B.wassupposingC.wassupposedtoD.wassupposingto②(2013·菏澤中考)Youare______totypequicklywhentalkingtoeachotheronQQsotheotherpersondoesn’tgetbored.A.suggestedB.supportedC.taughtD.supposed3.makesense合情理;明智;有意義【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Shakespeare’splaysalsomakealotofsensetoustoday.莎士比亞的話(huà)劇在今天對(duì)我們也有很多意義。*Whatyouhavesaiddoesn’tmakesensetoTom.湯姆不明白你說(shuō)的話(huà)。*Fewtouristsmadesenseofwhattheguidewassaying.很少游客聽(tīng)得懂導(dǎo)游在說(shuō)什么?！咀灾鳉w納】makesense的用法makesense意為“合情理;有意義”,常用搭配有:(1)makesensetosb.意為“為某人所理解”,指某人說(shuō)的話(huà)被其他人所理解;(2)makesenseofsth.意為“理解;明白”,指某人理解領(lǐng)會(huì)某一詞句或別人說(shuō)的話(huà)。Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.RomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisstill__________(read)bymanypeople.2.Theywillholda__________(discuss)aboutwhattodoontheEarth’sDay.3.Youshouldreadanovelcarefullybefore__________(review)thework.答案:1.read

2.discussion

3.reviewing4.Asagreat__________(think),hisideasareimportanttothepoliticsoftheworld.5.Asweallknow,manywritersintheworldare__________(influence)byShakespeare.答案:4.thinker

5.influenced1.aliveadj.活著的【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Everyoneissurprisedtoseethematfirst,butverypleasedtofindthatTomandHuckarealive.起初每個(gè)人看到他們都很驚奇,但是非常開(kāi)心地發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆和哈克還活著。*HeistheoldestNobelPrizereceiveraliveintheworld.他是諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者中在世的年齡最大的人?！咀灾鳉w納】alive的用法(1)alive為形容詞,意為“活著的,在世的”?？勺鞅碚Z(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);(2)alive作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置,即置于所修飾的名詞之后。【妙辨異同】“活著”各不同alive意為“活的,活著的”,沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),可用作表語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ),指人或動(dòng)物,不能用來(lái)指植物living意為“活著的;現(xiàn)存的”,指人或物可用作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放在所修飾的名詞前l(fā)ive意為“有生命的;活的;現(xiàn)場(chǎng)播出的”,可作定語(yǔ),指動(dòng)物或植物,不能用來(lái)指人lively意為“有生氣的;活潑的”,可用作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),指人或物【學(xué)以致用】①(2014·天津薊縣期中)EveryoneissurprisedtoseeTombuttheyarealsopleasedtoseehim______.A.living

B.alive

C.lived

D.tolive②(2014·湖北武漢質(zhì)檢)—Mr.Zhanghasbeenmadethemostpopularteacherinourschoolthisyear.—Healwayshasawaytomakehisclass______andinteresting.A.lovely B.livelyC.aliveD.loving【授課備選】補(bǔ)充練習(xí)選詞填空(lively,alive,live)。①Pleasetellme,Mr.Smith,howdoyoukeepyourgoldenfish__________?②Althoughhewasveryold,hewasavery__________gentleman.答案:①alive②lively2.getintotrouble陷入困境;惹上麻煩【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Sohealwaysgetsintotrouble.所以他總是惹上麻煩。*Marydidherbesttogetmeoutoftrouble.瑪麗盡最大努力幫我擺脫困境。*Ifyougoagainsttheboss,youwillbeintrouble.如果你跟老板對(duì)著干,你將會(huì)遇到麻煩的。*Hehadtroublewalkingandhisclassmatessenthimhome.他走路困難,同學(xué)們就把他送回家。【自主歸納】getintotrouble意為“陷入困境”?？梢詥为?dú)使用,也可與名詞或代詞連用。例如:otrouble使某人陷入困境。【歸納拓展】與trouble搭配的常用短語(yǔ)句式①get(sb.)outoftrouble

(使某人)擺脫困境,逃離困境②beintrouble 處于不幸;遇到麻煩③havetroubledoingsth. 做某事有困難④What’syourtrouble?=What’sthetroublewithyou?你怎么了?

3.payfor為……付出代價(jià)【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Ittellshowyoungpeoplegrow,howpeopleloveeachotherandhowbadpeoplepayfortheiractions.它(該書(shū))講述了年輕人如何成長(zhǎng),人們?nèi)绾伪舜讼嘤H相愛(ài),以及壞人如何為他們的行為付出代價(jià)。【自主歸納】(1)payfor意為“為……付錢(qián),買(mǎi)下”,后面接表示商品的名詞或代詞。(2)payfor還用于表示抽象含義,意為“為……付出代價(jià)”,后面接名詞或what從句?！緶剀疤崾尽縫ay...for...意為“花……(錢(qián)數(shù))買(mǎi)……”。例如:Marypaid300dollarsfortheskirt.瑪麗買(mǎi)這條裙子花了300美元。【學(xué)以致用】①(2014·湖北武漢質(zhì)檢)—Howmuchdidyou______forthesweater?—$100.It’stooexpensive.A.cost

B.spend

C.take

D.pay②任何犯法的人都要為此付出代價(jià)。Anyonewhobreaksthelawwill____________________whathe/shedoes.答案:payforⅠ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Heisnotpopularbecausehedoesn’tlikepeople______(tell)himtodothisorthat.2.Theyoftenseeabeggar______(come)tobegintheneighborhood.3.Your______(act)willgetyourselfintotrouble.答案:1.telling

2.coming

3.action4.—Lilydidn’tpasstheChineseexamthistime!—What?I’mreallysurprised______(hear)that.5.Anewfactorywasbuiltupinthe______(south)partofthetown.答案:4.tohear

5.southernbemadeinto被制成……【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Whyarepopularbooksmadeintofilms?為什么暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)被拍成電影?*We’remakingouratticintoanextrabedroom.我們正在把閣樓改裝成一間額外的臥室?！咀灾鳉w納】(1)bemadeinto意為“被制成……”,表示某種原料被制成產(chǎn)品。(2)osth.意為“把某物改成……;把某物轉(zhuǎn)變成……”?！練w納拓展】bemade構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)搭配+from由……材料制成(看不出原材料)+of由……材料制成(看得出原材料)+in出產(chǎn)于……(某地)+into被制成……(產(chǎn)品)+by由……制成(生產(chǎn)者)+upof由……組成(部分或成員)

bemade【圖解助記】Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Heisacleverboyandcanturnabadsituation______.A.back

B.round

C.away

D.out2.Tonydoesn’tenjoy______tomusic.A.listen B.tolistenC.listening D.listened3.Theoldwomantoldusherpast______thestory.A.inform B.ontheformofC.atformof D.intheformof4.Thissweateris______holes.Hecouldn’twearit.A.fullof B.fillwith C.fullwith D.filledof5.—ShallwegoswimmingthisSunday?—It______great!A.listens B.sounds C.hears D.looks被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】仔細(xì)觀察例句并體會(huì)句式結(jié)構(gòu)。1.We’restillinfluencedbyConfucius’ideas.2.Shakespeare’splaysareseenbymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.3.MarkTwainisn’tknownasagreatthinkerlikeConfucius.4.IsChineselearntbymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday?【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(一)英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。

(1)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者有時(shí)用by引出來(lái)。

(二)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成,在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中,be有三種形式:am,is,are肯定句主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)否定句主語(yǔ)+be+not+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)一般疑問(wèn)句Be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by...)

(三)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的三個(gè)注意

(1)雙賓語(yǔ)都作主:當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí),直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)都可作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),間接賓語(yǔ)前須加介詞to(如動(dòng)詞give,pass,lend,show,send等)或for(如動(dòng)詞buy,make,draw等)。例如:

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.

→Iwasgivenapresentbymyuncleonmybirthday.

→Apresentwasgiventomebymyuncleonmybirthday.

(2)莫忘記還原to:在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中,當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為省略to的不定式時(shí),改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須還原to。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有see,feel,hear,find,make,let等。例如:

Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.

→Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitarbyus.

(3)介詞/副詞跟上去:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后不可以丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如:

TheyoftenaskforsomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.

→SomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishisoftenaskedforbythem.【學(xué)以致用】Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Lookatthesignontheright.—Oh,parking______here.A.doesn’tallow

B.isn’tallowedC.didn’tallowD.wasn’tallowed2.Thesedaysstudentsinsomeschools______nottousemobilephones.A.askB.asked

C.areasked

D.wereasked3.Computers______widelyinourdailylife.A.useB.usedC.wereused

D.areused4.Helikesreadingverymuch.Mostofhismoney______onbooks.A.isspent

B.spendC.spends D.arespent5.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen______bythelake.A.todraw

B.todrawingC.draw

D.drewⅡ.把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Theschooldoesn’tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.We____________toenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.2.Doyoucleanyourroomeveryday?______yourroom______everyday?答案:1.aren’tallowed

2.Is;cleaned3.Tomgivesmeabook.Abook____________tomebyTom.=I____________abookbyTom.答案:isgiven;amgivenⅤ.真題體驗(yàn)1.(2013·白銀中考)Ayearhasfourseasonsandit______twelvedifferentstarsigns.A.dividedinto

B.isdividingintoC.divideintoD.isdividedinto【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:“一年有四個(gè)季節(jié),并且它被分成了12個(gè)不同的星座?！惫蔬xD。2.(2013·梅州中考)Thechildwithoutparents______goodcareofbyhisteachersinthisspecialschool.A.istaken

B.aretaken

C.take

D.takes【解析】選A。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)中有with或without短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依然與with或without前的主語(yǔ)保持一致,故選A。句意:“在這所特殊的學(xué)校里,這個(gè)沒(méi)有父母的孩子被他的老師很好地照顧著。3.(2013·福州中考)—Excuseme,sir,smoking______inthegasstation.—Oh,I’mreallysorry.A.doesn’tallow B.isn’tallowedC.aren’tallowed【解析】選B?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法。根據(jù)句意“——對(duì)不起,先生,在加油站不允許抽煙。——噢,我很抱歉。”屬于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式。主語(yǔ)smoking為動(dòng)名詞,后接動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故選B。4.(2013·北京中考)Flowers______alongtheroadlastyear.A.plant B.plantedC.areplanted

D.wereplanted【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):“l(fā)astyear”可知應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),主語(yǔ)為“flowers”故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:“去年,沿著這條路種植了很多花?！惫蔬xD。5.(2013·北京中考)Ourteacheroftenasksus______questionsingroups.A.discuss B.todiscussC.discussing

D.discussed【解析】選B?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。asksb.todosth.讓某人做某事。句意:我們的老師經(jīng)常讓我們分組討論問(wèn)題。故選B。6.(2013·鞍山中考)學(xué)生在校期間應(yīng)該穿校服。Students______________________________wearschooluniformsonschooldays.答案:aresupposedtoModule8

Sportslife1.decisionn.決定【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Thatwasabaddecision.那是個(gè)不好的決定。*Ican’tmakeadecisionyet.我還不能做決定?！咀灾鳉w納】decision的用法(1)decision作可數(shù)名詞,意為“決定”;其動(dòng)詞形式為decide。(2)常用短語(yǔ)為makeadecision,意為“做決定”?！練w納拓展】decide的固定搭配(1)decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.意為“決定做某事”。(2)decideonsth.意為“在某方面做出決定”。2.madadj.生氣的;惱火的【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*He’ssomadatusthathe’lltryhardertowin,justtoshowwe’rewrong!他對(duì)我們?nèi)绱松鷼?以至于他將會(huì)更盡力取勝,只是為了證明我們錯(cuò)了!*Ican’tunderstandwhytheyaresomadaboutcomputergames.我不明白為什么他們那么迷戀電腦游戲。*MostyoungpeoplearemadonJayChou.大部分年輕人迷戀周杰倫?！咀灾鳉w納】bemad的三種用法(1)bemadatsb.=beangrywithsb.生某人的氣(2)bemadaboutsth. 狂熱地迷戀某事(3)bemadonsb. 迷戀某人【學(xué)以致用】Iarguewithmybestfriendyesterday.Sheisangrywithmenow.Theunderlinedpartmeans“______”.A.ismadat

B.isworriedaboutC.issurprisedatD.isstrictwith3.standfor是……的縮寫(xiě);代表【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*WhatdoesHASstandfor?HAS代表什么?*Thecountrystandsforthefreedomofthepress.這個(gè)國(guó)家支持新聞自由?！咀灾鳉w納】standfor的用法(1)standfor動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意為“是……的縮寫(xiě);代表”,同義詞為beshortfor或represent。(2)standfor還可表示“支持;倡導(dǎo);擁護(hù)”。例如:Johnalwaysstandsforwhatisright.約翰總是支持正確的事?！練w納拓展】stand的不同含義(1)stand動(dòng)詞,意為“站;站立”,過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞均為stood。(2)還可表示“忍受;容忍”,常用于否定句中。例如:Myunclecan’tstandthesoapopera.我叔叔不能忍受肥皂劇。Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Youlookso__________(tire)afterthewholenight’swork.2.Sometimesyouneedtowalkalone,just__________(show)youcan.3.Thechildcan’tmakehisown__________(decide).4.Therearesome__________(different)betweenthetwins.5.Remember__________(lock)thedoorwhenyougoout.答案:1.tired

2.toshow

3.decision

4.differences5.tolock1.priden.自豪感;驕傲【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Butheisstillasymbolofcourageandsuccess,andwecontinuetotakegreatprideinhim.但是,他(劉翔)仍然是勇氣和成功的象征,我們依然為他感到驕傲。*Aftertenyears,thetwinsgototheuniversityandtheirparentsareveryproudofthem.十年后,這對(duì)雙胞胎上了大學(xué),他們的父母對(duì)他們非常自豪?！咀灾鳉w納】(1)pride作名詞,意為“自豪感;驕傲”,常用短語(yǔ):theprideofsth.“值得驕傲的事”;takepridein為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),“以……為驕傲;以……為自豪”,同義短語(yǔ)為beproudof。(2)pride的形容詞形式為proud“驕傲的;自豪的”?！緦W(xué)以致用】①(2013·煙臺(tái)中考)他父親對(duì)他做的事情感到十分自豪。Hisfather__________great__________inwhathehasdone.②(2013·聊城中考)—Mom,Iwasthefirsttoreachthetopofthemountain.—Goodjob,Jack!I’m______ofyou.A.careful

B.proud

C.tired

D.afraid答案:takes;pride2.encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Liuwasencouragedatfirsttotrainforthehighjump.起初,(人們)鼓勵(lì)劉翔練跳高。*Lucy’sparentsencouragehertostudyharder.露西的父母鼓勵(lì)她更加努力學(xué)習(xí)?！咀灾鳉w納】encourage的用法(1)encourage作動(dòng)詞,意為“鼓勵(lì);激勵(lì)”,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為encouraged,現(xiàn)在分詞為encouraging。(2)常用短語(yǔ)為encouragesb.todosth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”,其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為sb.beencouragedtodosth.意為“某人被鼓勵(lì)做某事”。3.setup設(shè)立;創(chuàng)辦【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*In2001,aspecialprogrammewassetuptohelpyoungsportsmenandsportswomen.(國(guó)家)于2001年創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)特殊項(xiàng)目,用來(lái)幫助年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員。*Weneedtosetupathoroughplan.我們需要制訂一個(gè)周密的計(jì)劃?！咀灾鳉w納】setup的用法(1)setup動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),意為“設(shè)立;創(chuàng)辦”,其同義詞為establish或build,其被動(dòng)形式為besetup“被設(shè)立;被創(chuàng)辦”。(2)setup還表示“制訂(計(jì)劃等)”。【學(xué)以致用】(2013·臨沂中考)—DoyouknowEarthDay?—Sure.It______in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A.setsup

B.setupC.issetupD.wassetupⅠ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theraindidn’tstopusfrom__________(enjoy)thetrip.2.Iwasinvited__________(give)atalkatthemeeting.3.Mr.Green’sabilityin__________(teach)ispraisedbymanyotherteachers.4.SouthKoreaisarich__________(Asia)country.5.Afterhavingdinner,Icontinued__________(do)myhomework.答案:1.enjoying

2.togive

3.teaching

4.Asian5.todomillionsof數(shù)以百萬(wàn)的【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】*Millionsofpeopleacrosstheworldwatchedthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)人觀看了2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)。*Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?如果你有一百萬(wàn)美元,你會(huì)做什么?

【自主歸納】(1)million為數(shù)詞,意為“百萬(wàn)”,用作定語(yǔ)且有a或其他數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),million一般要用單數(shù)形式。用法相同的詞還有hundred/thousand。(2)millionsof意為“數(shù)以百萬(wàn)的”,表示不確定數(shù)字時(shí),其后名詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用法相同的短語(yǔ)還有:hundredsof“數(shù)以百計(jì)的”,thousandsof“數(shù)以千計(jì)的”。【學(xué)以致用】①(2014·遼寧丹東二十中期中)—Eachyear______fishesarekilledbythepollutedwaterandmanypeoplearemadesickbythepollutedair.—Soweshoulddosomethingtostopit.A.millionsofB.millionofC.twomillionsofD.twomillions②(2014·上海靜安區(qū)期末)Maryhasdrawn______comicstripsandsheisgoingtohavethempublishedeveryyear.A.threehundredB.threehundredsC.threehundredofD.threehundredsofⅠ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Wearesotiredthatweneed__________(have)arest.2.It’susefulforchildren__________(learn)somebasiclifeskills.3.ChenZhongwassohappybecauseshewas__________(choose)forthenationalteam.答案:1.tohave

2.tolearn

3.chosen4.Hisgreatabilityin__________(jump)helpedhimwinthefirstprize.5.Ihavenochanceof__________(get)theticketsfortonight’sperformance.答案:4.jumping

5.getting被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(2):一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】仔細(xì)觀察例句并體會(huì)句式結(jié)構(gòu)。①ZhangYining

wasnoticedbycoachWangBiling.②Theywereinvitedtohisbirthdaypartylastweekend.③Bobwasn’tchosenfortheteamlasttime.④Someplayersweren’tcomparedwiththeworld’sbestsportsstars.⑤Howmanystudentswereencouragedtomakespeechesinthecontest?【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(一)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他IwasinvitedtoLiLei’sbirthdaypartylastnight.昨晚,我被邀請(qǐng)參加了李雷的生日聚會(huì)。否定句主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Thebooksweren’tsenttous.這些書(shū)沒(méi)有被送給我們。一般疑問(wèn)句Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Werethecarsmendedinthefactory?這些汽車(chē)在工廠里被修理過(guò)嗎?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他Whowaschosenforthebasketballgame?誰(shuí)被選入籃球隊(duì)了?(二)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種特殊形式1.帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí),既可將間接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化成主語(yǔ),也可以將直接賓語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)化成主語(yǔ)。當(dāng)用直接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),要根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配,在間接賓語(yǔ)前補(bǔ)上介詞to或for。(直接賓語(yǔ)指物,間接賓語(yǔ)指人)。例如:Shegavemeabook.→Iwasgivenabookbyher.→Abookwasgiventomebyher.2.帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

賓語(yǔ)加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)直接把賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留在原處,變成主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如:IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.→Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.3.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后動(dòng)詞形式的選擇。

主動(dòng)句中在感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice等,及使役動(dòng)詞let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),應(yīng)加上不定式符號(hào)to。LastSundayweheardthemsingPekingOperainthetheatre.→TheywereheardtosingPekingOperainthetheatrelastSunday.【學(xué)以致用】Ⅰ.將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Hemademedothatforhim.I______________________________dothatforhim.2.DidLiLeigiveTomanewpenlastweek?__________anewpen____________________TombyLiLeilastweek?答案:1.wasmadeto

2.Was;givento3.Theydidn’tpublishthesebookslastyear.Thesebooks____________________bythenlastyear.4.WhatdidtheydotoimprovetheirEnglish?What____________________toimprovetheirEnglish?答案:3.weren’tpublished

4.wasdoneⅤ.真題體驗(yàn)1.(2013·雅安中考)—Whodesignedthisgame?—It______byTomin1999.A.isdesignedB.designsC.wasdesignedD.designed【解析】選C?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in1999”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以選擇答案C。Module9Greatinventionswebsiten.

網(wǎng)站mailn.

信件Presentationtextbookn.

教科書(shū)；課本pagen.

頁(yè)；一頁(yè)（紙）memoryn.

存儲(chǔ)器；存儲(chǔ)量instructionsn.[復(fù)數(shù)]說(shuō)明書(shū)technologyn.

科技；技術(shù)1.CanIborrowyourcamera?

borrow表示“借入”

lend表示“借出”

borrowsth.fromsb.表示“向某人借某物”。例如：

Iborrowedabookfromthelibraryyesterday.

昨天我從圖書(shū)館借了一本書(shū)。Languagepoints2.They’llbeputupontheschoolwebsite.

putup表示“張貼，公布”。例如：

Youcanputupthenoticeonthenoticeboard.

你可以把通知貼在布告欄上。3.In

thepast,wemainlygotinformationfrompaperbooks.

inthepast表示“在過(guò)去”。

mainly表示“大部分地，主要地”。是副詞。它的形容詞為main。例如：

Wemainlygetfoodfromthelandandsea.

我們主要從陸地和海洋獲取食物。4.Somewerehugeoneswiththousandsofpages.

thousandsof表示“成千上萬(wàn)的”。例如：

Thousandsofbirdsflybacktothenorthinspring.

成千上萬(wàn)的鳥(niǎo)兒在春天飛回北方。5.Andthememorycardmaybefull.

memory表示“內(nèi)存，存儲(chǔ)器”。

fulladj.

滿(mǎn)的；充滿(mǎn)的例如：

Mysuitcasewasfullofbooks.

我的提箱裝滿(mǎn)了書(shū)。

6.Thatcanbefixed.

此句為含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞。

fixv.

修補(bǔ)，挽救例如：

Thebrokenwindowneedtobefixed.這個(gè)破窗戶(hù)需要修補(bǔ)。7.Ifyouhavetolendittoanyone,tellthemtouseitproperly.

lendv.

（把某物）借出，借給（某人）

lendsth.tosb.表示“把某物借給某人”例如：

Tomlenthisbooktomelastmonth.

上個(gè)月湯姆把書(shū)借給了我。properlyadv.

合適地，正確地例如：Howmuchmoneydoweneedtodothejobproperly?我們需要多少錢(qián)才能做好這件事？1.Iwantto____yourbiketogotothemuseum.A.keepB.lendC.borrow2.Theposterwill______onthewallinourclassroomtomorrow.A.beputupB.putupC.tobeputupCA練一練:3.Pandas_____liveonbambooinSichuanProvince.A.mainB.mainlyC.properly4.Thereare________peoplewaitinginline.A.thousandofB.thousandsofC.thousandD.twothousandsBBprintingn.

印刷developmentn.

進(jìn)步發(fā)展traden.

買(mǎi)賣(mài)；交易spreadv.

擴(kuò)展；蔓延；傳播Newwordsintroductionn.

引進(jìn)；采用；推行amountn.

量，數(shù)量storev.

存儲(chǔ)；儲(chǔ)藏variedadj.

各種各樣的formn.

種類(lèi)；類(lèi)型connectionn.

電話(huà)連接；計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接singleadj.

僅一個(gè)的；單個(gè)的directionn.

方向replacev.

替換，取代resultv.

（因……而）產(chǎn)生；發(fā)證e.g.Whenwaterlevelsrise,flooding

results.

水位上升，就會(huì)發(fā)生洪水。lookthrough瀏覽byhand用手；靠手做atatime每次；一次e.g.Wehadtogoandseetheprincipalone

atatime.

我們得逐一去見(jiàn)校長(zhǎng)。inawaye.g.Inawayitwasoneofourbiggestmistakes.

從某種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，這是我所犯的最大的錯(cuò)誤之一。compareto把……比作e.g.Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.

莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺(tái)。waitandsee等著瞧1.Everyevening,mymotherlooksthrough

magazinesathome.

lookthrough表示“快速閱讀，瀏覽”e.g.Ihaven’tlookedthroughthebooksyet.

我還沒(méi)瀏覽這本書(shū)。2.As

aresult,therewerenotmanybook.

asaresult表示“結(jié)果”。e.g.Asaresult,theygotthecheapestTVsetyesterday.

結(jié)果，他們昨天買(mǎi)到了最便宜的電視。Languagepoints3.Bookswereonlyproducedoneatatime

byhand.

atatime表示“每次，一次”。e.g.Pleasecomeinoneatatime,notalltogether.

每次進(jìn)來(lái)一個(gè)，不要一起進(jìn)來(lái)。

byhand表示“用手（做）”。e.g.Allthesetoysaremadebyhand.

所有這些玩具都是手工的。4.Later,developmentsinprintingmadeitpossibletoproducebooksmorequicklyandcheaply.

developmentn.

表示“發(fā)展，進(jìn)步”

developv.發(fā)展，進(jìn)步e.g.Withthedevelopmentofourcountry,ourlifewillbecomebetterandbetter.

隨著我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展，我們的生活也會(huì)越來(lái)越好。5.AmuchlargeramountofinformationcanbestoredinmorevariedformsontheInternetthaninbooks.amountn.

表示“量，數(shù)量”alargeamountof表示“大量的”variedadj.

表示“各種各樣的”，等于allkindsof。e.g.Therearealargeamountof

varieddressesandIdon’tknowwhattobuy.

這里有許多各式各樣的裙子，我不知道該買(mǎi)哪個(gè)。6.Sowhatdirectionwilltraditionalprintingtakeinthefuture?

directionn.

表示“方向”e.g.Tomwentoffinthedirectionofhome.

湯姆朝家的方向去了。7.WillbooksbereplacedbytheInternet?

bereplacedby表示“被…代替”。e.g.Theoldtextbookwasreplacedbythenewone.

舊的教材被新的代替了。asaresultasaresult是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意為“因此，結(jié)果”，表示后面句子與前面句子所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，前面是因后面是果。它與so可以進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Tonygotuplatethatmorning.Asaresult,hedidn’tcatchthefirstbus.=Tonygotuplatethatmorning,sohedidn’tcatchthefirstbus.becausebecause是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。because+句子可以直接回答以why開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句。e.g.Ilikeplayingbasketballbecause

it’sfun.—WhyisLilycrying?—Becauseshecan’tfindhercat.1.Let’slook______thetextandthenanswerthequestions.A.atB.throughC.forD.after2.Thechildrenaremakingkites____hand.A.byB.forC.withBAExercises3.Withthe_____ofourschoolwe’llhaveabetterenvironmentforstudying.A.developB.developedC.development4.-Howmanymusicarethereintheworld?-Thereare______formsofmusicnow.A.varyB.variedC.muchD.littleBC被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)肯定主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+done主語(yǔ)+was/were+done主語(yǔ)+will/be(am/is/are)goingto+be+done否定主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+done主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+done主語(yǔ)+will/be(am/is/are)not+goingto+be+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+doneWas/Were+主語(yǔ)+doneWill+主語(yǔ)+be+done/Be(am/is/are)+主語(yǔ)+goingto+be+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞+am/is/are+主語(yǔ)+done特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)+done特殊疑問(wèn)詞will+主語(yǔ)+be+done/特殊疑問(wèn)詞be(am/is/are)+主語(yǔ)+goingto+be+done1.____books__________(replace)bycomputersinthefuture?2.Mybikeisbroken.It___________(fix)tomorrow.3.—Dad,canIusetheInternetthisevening?—Yes,butthecomputerisnotonyet.Theelectricity_________________(notconnect)untilnineo’clock.CompletethesentencesandconversationswiththeWillbereplacedwillbefixedwon’tbeconnected4._____theproblem_____________(talkabout)atthemeetingtomorrow?5.Who____________(invite)togiveareportaboutgreatinventionsnextFriday?6.—When_____thework__________(finish)?—Intwodays.WillbetalkedaboutwillbeinvitedwillbefinishedThesportsmeeting_____

nextmonth.A.willholdB.isgoingtohold

C.willbeheld

中考鏈接2.FromMay6,pedestrians

(行人)_____10yuaniftheyrunredlights,accordingtoBeijingtrafficauthorities.A.willfine

B.werefined

C.arefine

D.willbefined3.

－Anewpark_____inourhometownnextyear.

－Really?Ourhometownmustbemorebeautiful.A.willbuild

B.willbebuilt

C.isbuilt4.ItissaidthatanAsianCultureVillage______insidetheAYG,VillageinNanjinginthecomingAsianYouthGamesperiod.A.buildsB.isbuildingC.willbebuiltD.wasbuilt5.—Howmanypeoplewill

_____toyour

birthdayparty?

—Twelve.A.inviteB.beinvited

C.beinvitingModule10AustraliaNewwordsmagical

adj.神奇的;迷人的height

n.

高度;身高sailing

boat

帆船sailing

n.航海;航行sheep

n.

羊;綿羊fly

n.蒼蠅wool

n.

羊毛ant

n.螞蟻hat

n.帽子scissors

n.[復(fù)數(shù)]剪刀diary

n.日記;日記薄keepadiary寫(xiě)日記Languagepoints1.Theymayhelpyou.Herewego.herewego意思是“我們這就看看”。

e.g.

Right,Herewego!

好,我們這就去看看！2.ThisisarockcalledAyersRock,in centralAustralia.

這塊巖石叫艾爾斯巖,位于澳大利亞中部。

centraladj.中心的;在中間的

central在句中可用作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。e.g.Thecapitalisinthecentralpartof thestate.

首都位于國(guó)家的中心地方。

Myhouseisverycentral.

我的家離市中心很近。用作定語(yǔ)用作表語(yǔ)3.Accordingtothelocalpeople,it’saspecialandmagicalplace.

當(dāng)?shù)厝苏J(rèn)為這是一個(gè)特殊而神奇的地方。

accordingto的意思是“根據(jù);按照;據(jù)……所說(shuō)”,主要用來(lái)表示“根據(jù)”某學(xué)說(shuō)、某書(shū)刊、某文件、某人所說(shuō)等或表示“按照”某法律、某規(guī)定、某慣例、某情況等。e.g.AccordingtoBen,theyarenotgettingonverywellatthemoment.

本認(rèn)為目前他們相處得不是很好。

Youwillbepaidaccordingtotheamountofworkyoudo.

你將會(huì)按照工作量的多少獲得報(bào)酬。4.Doesitlieoffthenortheast

coastofAustralia?

它是位于澳大利亞?wèn)|北海岸嗎？

northeastadj.

在東北的

n.東北

adv.向東北;來(lái)自東北5.Theywearspecialhatsthatkeep

the