直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)經(jīng)典課件

Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.SectionA直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：一種是直接引語(yǔ)（directspeech),即原封不動(dòng)地引用原話，把原話放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；一種是間接引語(yǔ)（reportedspeech)，即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。Let'sLearn!Iamsmart.he

wassmart.HesaidWhatdidhesay?Icanfly.itcouldfly.

ItsaidWhatdiditsay?“Iamplayingfootball.”Hesaidhewasplayingfootball.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Whatdidhesay?為什么？此句沒(méi)有變時(shí)態(tài)？因?yàn)樗枋龅氖强陀^事實(shí)真理，經(jīng)得住時(shí)間考驗(yàn)，故不變化“Ifinishedmyhomeworktwodaysago.”

Shesaidshehadfinished

herhomeworktwodaysbefore.Whatdidhesay?Iwillgoshoppingtomorrow.shewould

goshoppingthenextday.ShesaidWhatdidshesay?Sumup小結(jié)“直接引語(yǔ)”變間接引語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)等要做相應(yīng)變化，最終反映在動(dòng)詞上是：原型變過(guò)去式Can變couldWill變would過(guò)去式變?yōu)閔ad+過(guò)去分詞客觀真理句不變whether/ifwelikedsinging.“Doyoulikesinging?”HeaskedWhatdidhesay?間接引用別人的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要做相應(yīng)變化1·say變ask

2·要添加if/weather。

3·句子變陳述句語(yǔ)序AttentionHesaid，“canyouspeakalittleEnglish

？”Heasked

if

IcouldspeakalittleEnglish3·特殊疑問(wèn)句子要變成陳述句語(yǔ)序Whereareyoufrom？Whatdidhesay?HeaskedWhereIwasfrom.“Iwillgiveyouaconcertthisweekend?”Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhewouldgiveusaconcertthatweekend.小結(jié)直接引語(yǔ)→間接引語(yǔ)：時(shí)間變化now現(xiàn)在then那時(shí)today今天thatday那天thisweek(month,etc.)thatweek(month,etc.)本星期（月等）那個(gè)星期（月等）Yesterday昨天thedaybefore前一天thedaybefore前一天twodaysbefore前兩天

lastweek(year,etc.)thedaybeforethedaybefore

上星期（去年）前一周（年等）threedays(ayear,et.)agothreedays(ayearetc.)before三天（一年等）以前前三天（一年等）tomorrow明天thenext(following)day次日thedayaftertomorrowtwodayslater(intwodaystime)

后天過(guò)兩天nextweek(yea,etc.)thenext(following)week(year,etc.)

下星期（明年等）下一周（第二年等）直接引語(yǔ)→間接引語(yǔ)：時(shí)間變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞this這that那these這些those那些地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)here這里there那里動(dòng)詞come來(lái)go去語(yǔ)法書(shū)中關(guān)于此節(jié)，理論知識(shí)直接引語(yǔ)→間接引語(yǔ)：人稱(chēng)變化①直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱(chēng)，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱(chēng)。

Hesaid,“Iamverysorry.”→Hesaidthathewasverysorry.

②直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話是針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱(chēng)。

“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.→MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.

③直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話是針對(duì)第三人稱(chēng)說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱(chēng)。如：

Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”

→Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

④人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：

Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithme?”

→HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhim.總之：人稱(chēng)的變化要符合邏輯?。?）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)（5）一般過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)（6）過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變，仍為過(guò)去完成時(shí)

直接引語(yǔ)→間接引語(yǔ)：時(shí)態(tài)的變化時(shí)態(tài)不變化：

①直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理

“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmethemoonmovesaroundtheearth.

②直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變

Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”→JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.

③直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

XiaoWangsaid,“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”

→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.

④直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning.”→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.⑤如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式(例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí)(例：could,should,would,might)，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。

Petersaid,“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.”→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.

直接引語(yǔ)→間接引語(yǔ)：句式變化①直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”→Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.②直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.但用陳述句語(yǔ)序Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”→HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.

“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven’tyou?”mymotherasked.→MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.

③直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。

Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”→Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

④直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣改為“tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。如：

“Don’tmakeanynoise,”shesaidtothechildren.告誡語(yǔ)氣→Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.

“Bringmeacupoftea,please,”saidshe.要求語(yǔ)氣→Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.⑤直接引語(yǔ)如果是以Let’s開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用“suggest+動(dòng)句詞(或從句)”。

Hesaid,“Let’sgotothefilm.”→Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.→Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.It'syourturnnow!1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid.

Hesaidthat______never______meat.

2.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe__________________wallet.

3.“Itookithomewithme,”shesaid.

Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.

heatetoldhadfoundhisshehadtaken4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”

Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.

5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe______methertheday______.

6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.

HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.risesgoestoldhadbeforehadthere7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago,”he