直接引語與間接引語相互轉化時應注意

直接引語與間接引語相互轉化時應注意

的變化1.句式結構上的變化

解題步驟:1).陳述句變間接引語時，用that連接,that無實際意義，可省略。例:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”

Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSarahsaid(toherfriends)(that)shedidn’tlike

computers.Sarah2).一般疑問句，選擇疑問句變間接引語時，要用陳述語氣，并要加連詞if或whether?！癐siteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?”,theyaskedhim.They

asked

himif/whetheritis

easytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askedwasTheyaskedhim

ifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3).特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊疑問詞引導。

Theyaskedhim“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Theyaskedhimwhenyou

harvest

thewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.2.時態(tài)變化

直接引語變間接引語時，間接引語的時態(tài)要與主句的時態(tài)一致.1）主句為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時的時候，間接引語時態(tài)不變。Hesays:"Iboughtyouabookyesterday.”Hesaysthat

heboughtmeabookyesterday.2).當主句為過去時，從句要跟著相應的變化,變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時一般將來時一般過去時過去完成時過去進行時一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時過去將來時過去完成時不變不變往前推一個時態(tài)1.“Iamverygladtovisityourschool”,shesaid.

Shesaidthatshewas

verygladtovisitourschool.

2.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”

Tomsaidthattheywerelisteningtothepopmusic.

3.Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”

MotheraskedmewhetherIhad

finishedmy

homeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.

4.Heaskedtheconductor,“WhereshallIgetoff

tochangetoaNo.3bus?”Heaskedtheconductor

wherehewould

getofftochangetoaNo.3bus.

5.“Whydidsherefusetogothere?”theteacherasked.

Theteacheraskedwhyshehadrefusedtogothere.

6.Motheraskedme,“Hadyoufinishedyourhomework

beforeyouwatchedTV?”MotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinished

myhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.注意：

1>.直接引語為客觀真理時，間接引語時態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：Teachersaidto

us:"Themoonmovesroundtheearth."Teachertoldusthemoon

movesroundtheearth.

Theteachersaid

tous:“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”Theteachersaidthatlight

travelsfasterthansound.2>.直接引語為一般過去時并且與具體時間狀語連用時，間接引語仍用一般過去時。例如

：Shesaid:"IwenttoEnglandin1998.”ShesaidshewenttoEnglandin1998.直接引語里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間接引語時，人稱要做相應調整。例如：直接引語Shesaid:“Iamhungry。”間接引語Shesaidshe

washungry.直接引語Mumsaidtome:“Youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow.”間接引語Mum

toldmethat

Icould

cleanmybedroomthenextday.Mr.Smithsaid，“Heisagoodworker.’’Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.

3.人稱的變化“一主、二賓、三不變”4.其他變化

直接引語

間接引語指示代詞時間狀語地點狀語方向性動詞this,that,thesethosenow,today，thisweekyesterdaylastweekfourdaysagotomorrownextmonththedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterdaythen,thatdaythatweekthedaybeforetheweekbeforefourdaysbeforethenextdaythenextmonthintwodays’timetwodaysbeforeherethere

come,

go,bring

takeSummary

直接引語間接引語陳述句一般疑問句特殊疑問句祈使句that引導if/whether引導原疑問詞引導ask/toldsbtodosth.1.主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)2.主句為過去時態(tài)時態(tài)不變往前推一個時態(tài)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱與主句主語人稱一致與主句賓語人稱一致不變……句式結構時態(tài)人稱其他賓語從句語序疑問句陳述句語序MichaelPhelpspractice“Ihavealongbodyandlongarms,agiftandloveforswimming.”Phelpssaid

hehadalongbodyandlongarms,andagiftandloveforswimming.“IstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreatmyADHDdisease.”

Phelpssaid

hehadstartedswimmingatanyoungageinordertotreathisADHDdisease.“Ireceivea5-hourtrainingeveryday.”Phelpssaid

hereceived

a5-hourtrainingeveryday.“Ialwaysdesiretobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.”Phelpssaid

healwaysdesiredtobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.“Oneofmyfavoritethingsistocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.”Phelpssaidoneof

hisfavoritethingswastocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.“Ihavemanygoals,andallofthemarehigh.”

Phelpssaid

he

had

manygoals,andallofthemwerehigh.“IwillalwaystrymybesttobePhelpsNo.1.”Phelpssaid

hewouldalwaystryhisbesttobePhelpsNo.1.SecretsofPhelps’success?giftinterestdeterminationcouragehardworkambition……SB:P.5Ex.2

Changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech:1.Annesaidthatshedidn’tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.Thegirlsaidthatshe

neededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.

4.Herfatheraskedherwhyshe

chose/hadchosen

herdiaryandoldletters.5.“Areyouveryhotwi