（高職）基礎(chǔ)英語（第一冊）UnitTwoHeHelpedtheBlind

HeHelpedtheBlindUnitTwoTeachingplanSituation:FirstDayinCollegePattern:Oral

Situation:BookPreservationPattern:WritingSituation:Textandashortplay

Pattern:Oral

Task1:HelpeachotherTask2:FillanOrderTask3:WaysofthegenerationofcreativityBackgroundInformationLouisBraille(1809－1852)

BrailleTheVillageofCoupvray

TheBrailleFamilyHomeBIBI-LouisLouisBraille(1809—1852)

LouisBraillewasablindFrenchmanwhoinventedthebraillesystemofprintingandwritingfortheblind.HewasbornnearParis.Anaccidentatage3followedbyaseriousinfectionlefthimblind.HeenteredtheRoyalInstitutionforBlindYouthinParis(nowtheNationalInstitutionforBlindYouth)whenhewas10.Braillewasagoodstudent,especiallyofscienceandmusic,andhebecameachurchorganist.HeremainedattheInstituteasateacher.Therehedevelopedhissystemofreading.(Fromthe1998WorldBookMultimediaEncyclopedia)Braille

Brailleisacodeofsmall,raiseddotsonpaperthatcanbereadbytouch.LouisBraille,a15-yearoldblindFrenchstudent,developedaraiseddotreadingsystemin1824.TheideacametohimfromthedotcodepunchedoncardboardthatCaptainCharlesBarbierusedtosendmessagestohissoldiersatnight.In1829,Braillepublishedadotsystem,basingitona“cell“ofsixdots.Fromthe63possiblearrangementsofthedots,Brailleworkedoutanalphabet,punctuationmarks,numerals,and,later,asystemforwritingmusic.Hiscodewasnotofficiallyacceptedatonce.Butlateritwonuniversalacceptanceforallwrittenlanguagesandformathematics,science,andcomputernotation.

BI-Braille-1Blindpeoplereadbraillebyrunningtheirfingersalongonthedots.Theycanwritebrailleona6-keymachinecalledabraillewriter,orwithapocket-sizemetalorplasticslate.Braillebooksarepressedfrommetalplates.Thecharactersarestampedonbothsidesofthepaperbyamethodcalledinter-pointing.Dotsononesideofthepagedonotinterferewiththoseprintedontheother.Intheearly1960’s,publishersbeganusingcomputerstospeedupproductionofbraillebooks.

Thetextistyped

Brailleintoacomputerthatautoma-ticallytranslatesitintobraille.Thecomputerthentransferstheraisedbraillefiguresontopaperorontometalplatesforuseinapress.Byanothermethod,avacuumbrailleformerduplicateshand-transcribedbraillepagesonplasticsheets,whicharethenboundinvolumes.(Fromthe1998WorldBookMultimediaEncyclopedia)BI-Braille-2TheVillageofCoupvrayBI-Village-1

ThevillageofCoupvrayissituatedontheslopesofagrassyhillsetbetweentheBrieregionofFranceandthatoftheChampagneprovince.InspiteoftheproximityoftheMarneValley,itretainseventodaythecharacterofaruralvillage.Onemaystillseethesmallbrown-tiledroofs,thefarmyards,thefarmhousesandavillagegreensurroundedbytreeswhereareclusteredtogetherSt.PierreChurch(whereLouisBraillewaschristenedonJanuary8,1809),thevillagehall,andthemonumentsetupin1887andtoppedbyabustoftheinventorofthealphabetfortheblind.ThebodyofLouisBraillerestedinthevillagecemeterytill1952.Onhistombcanbeseenacasketinwhichtheremainsofhishandsarepreserved—thosehandswhichwerethefirstintheworldtofingertheraiseddotsoftheBraillealphabet.Allaroundisstillopencountry.BI-Village-2Hereandthereamidthegardensandorchards,smallgrassypathsmeanderacrossthehillside.And,onthelowerslopes,isanoldwash-housewithwoodenpostsandmossytileswheretheclearwatersflowswiftlyby,gentlymurmuring.(From/bg410002.htm)BI-cac1TheBrailleFamilyHome

TheBraillefamilyhomeisinthelowerpartofCoupvrayattheendofasmallstreetwhichinthepastwentbythenameofKnollStreet.Itisalargesolidhouse,builtinthelatterhalfofthe18thcenturyandrestoredatvarioustimessincethen.TheBraillefamilyalsoownedseveralfarmbuildingsintheyardandontheoppositesideofthestreet.Amarbletabletwasaffixedin1952tothewallofthehousefacingtheyard.Thetext,inFrenchandEnglish,reads:BI-cac2TheBrailleFamilyHomeInthishouseonJanuary4,1809wasbornLouisBrailleinventorofwritinginraiseddotsforuseoftheblind.Heopenedthedoorsofknowledgetothosewhocannotsee.(From/bg410002.htm)(StarterThedevelopmentofsocietyispoweredbyinventionsanddiscoveries.Lookingbackintohistory,wemayfindanumberofthemhavechangedpeople’slivesgreatly.Canyounamethreeinventionsordiscoveriesthatyouthinkarethemostimportantinhumanhistory?TextAStarter1-1StarterTextAThreeinventionsordiscoveriesthatyouthinkarethemostimportantinhumanhistory:1.

2.

3.

Starter1-2Nowcompareyourresponsewithaclassmate,andexplainwhyyouthinktheyarethemostimportant.TextAArticle1HeHelpedtheBlindJeanneK.Grieser

1Blindandwantingtoread—thoseweretherealitiesofLouisBraille’slife.ThedesiretoreadeasilyledtotheBraillesystem.January4isBrailleDay.Thatdayhonorstheblind.ButweshouldalsorememberLouisandwhatheachievedbyage15.?NNTextAArticle2

2

LouisBraillewasbornonJanuary4,1809,inFrance.Helivedwithhisparents,twooldersisters,andoneolderbrotherinasmall,stonehouseinCoupvray.?NTextAArticle3

3Three-year-oldLouiswenttohisfather’sworkshop.Louis’sfatherwasasaddlemakerwhomade

items

outofleather.Imitatinghisfather,Louistriedtocutapieceofleatherwithasmallknife.Hishandslipped,andthepointoftheknifewentintohiseye.Thedoctorstookcareofhimthebesttheycould,buttheinjuredeyegotinfected.Thentheinfection

spreadtohisgoodeye.Louisbecameblind.?NNTextAArticle4

4Louiswenttoapublicschoolandlearnedbylisteningtotheteacher.Todohishomework,hissisterandafriendreadtheassignmentstohim.SoonLouiswasatthetopofhisclass.?TextAArticle5

5Oneday,thepastorofLouis’schurchcametoLouis’shouseandtoldhisparentsofaschoolfortheblindinParis.Louis’sparentsdecidedtosendhimtotheschoolwhenhewasnineyearsold.?NTextAArticle6

6Louiswantedverymuchtoread.Theschoolhadonly14booksforblindpeople;thebookswerebigandheavy.Theletterswerelargeandraised;onebooktookalongtimetoread.Louisthoughttheremustbeabetterwaytoread.?TextAArticle7

7WhenLouiswas12,CharlesBarbier,aFrenchArmyofficer,cametotheschool.Barbierdevelopedanalphabet

codeusedbyarmysoldiers.Thecodewasusedtodelivermessagestothesoldiersatnight.Itwasmadeupofdotsanddashes.Itkeptthemessagessecreteveniftheenemywouldseethem,butthecodewastoocomplicatedfortheblind.Louisthoughtthecodewasslowandthedashestookuptoomuchspace.Onlyoneortwosentencesfitonapage.?NNTextAArticle8

8Overthenextthreeyears,Louisworkedtosimplifythecode.Onavacationathome,Louis,age15,pickedupablunt

awl.

Aha!Anideacametohim.Hemadethealphabetusingonlysixdots.Differentdotswereraisedfordifferentletters.Later,hemadeasystemfornumbersandmusic.?NTextAArticle9

9Today,Brailleisinnearlyeverylanguagearoundtheworld.LouisBraille,atage15,changedthelivesofblindpeoplewhenhecreatedthesix-dotBraillesystem.ItisfittingthatJanuary4,Louis’sbirthday,isconsideredBrailleDay,inhonoroftheblind.N(454words)Article1_popwin_Q1)WhowasLouisBraille?HewasablindFrenchman,theinventoroftheBraillesystem.2)WhyisJanuary4namedBrailleDay?January4isLouis’sbirthday;itisnamedBrailleDaytorememberLouisandhisachievementandtohonortheblind.Article1_popwin_blindLanguagePointsblind//:a.

unabletosee瞎的，盲的

e.g.

e.g.

Mary’sbeenblindsincebirth.

Loveisblind.

theblind:

theblindpeople

盲人aschoolfortheblindT瑪麗從一生下來就雙目失明。T愛情是盲目的。T盲人學(xué)校Article1_popwin_JeanneK.LanguagePointsJeanneK.Grieser/

/

珍尼·K·格里澤Article1_popwin_S_thedesire…LanguagePointsThedesiretoreadeasilyledtotheBraillesystem.Thesubjectofthissentenceis“thedesiretoreadeasily”（想順利進(jìn)行閱讀的愿望).Article1_popwin_realityLanguagePointsreality/l/:n.

allthatisreal;qualityorstateofbeingreal

現(xiàn)實(shí)，實(shí)際；真實(shí)，真實(shí)性

e.g.

Don’tescapefromreality.Faceit.Therealityisthatwehavebarelyenoughfoodforthreedays.T不要逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)，要面對它。T現(xiàn)實(shí)是我們只有勉強(qiáng)夠吃三天的食物。Article1_popwin_desireLanguagePointsdesire//:n.

longing;strongwish渴望；愿望Astrongdesireisanessentialrequirementforsuccess.

Youcantellhimofyourdesiretogoonthetripwithhim.

e.g.

T強(qiáng)烈的愿望是取得成功的必要條件。T你可以把和他一起去旅行的愿望告訴他。Article1_popwin_leadtoLanguagePointsleadto:

have(sth.)asitsresult導(dǎo)致

Thehighfeverledtoherblindness.Confidenceandhardworkwillleadtosuccess.e.g.

T高燒導(dǎo)致她雙目失明。T信心和努力工作會帶來成功。Article1_popwin_systemLanguagePointssystem//:n.

groupofthingsorpartsworkingtogetherasa whole;setofideas,theories,principles,etc. accordingtowhichsth.isdone系統(tǒng)；制度；體系

acomputersystemthecity’ssubwaysystemtheeducationalsystemofChinae.g.

T電腦系統(tǒng)T中國的教育制度T城市的地鐵系統(tǒng)Article1_popwin_honor1LanguagePointshonor//:

1.n.

great(public)respect,goodopinion,etc.showntosb.;goodcharacterorreputation崇敬；敬意；榮譽(yù)；名譽(yù)Bill’sbraveactionsearnedhimgreathonor.Weholdhimingreathonor.e.g.

T比爾的勇敢行為為他贏得了極大的榮譽(yù)。T我們十分敬重他。Article1_popwin_honor2LanguagePointsTheBiblesaysthatyoushouldhonoryourfatherandmother.September10isTeacher’sDayinChina.Thatdayhonorsteachers.

e.g.

inhonorof(usedattheendofthetext):

outofrespectfor出于對…的敬意e.g.

Thisholidayiscelebratedinhonoroftheold.Theschooldecidedtobuildanewlibraryinhonorofitsformerheadmaster.2.vt.

showgreatrespectorhonorto向…表示敬意；給…以榮譽(yù)T《圣經(jīng)》說你應(yīng)該尊敬父母。T9月10日是中國的教師節(jié)。這一節(jié)日是向教師們表示敬意。T這個(gè)節(jié)日是為敬老而設(shè)立的。T學(xué)校決定建一座新的圖書館來紀(jì)念他們的前任校長。Article1_popwin_S_weshould…LanguagePointsButweshouldalsorememberLouisandwhatheachievedbyage15.我們還應(yīng)該記住路易及其在15歲時(shí)取得的成就。remember后有兩個(gè)賓語:Louis和whatheachievedbyage15。第二個(gè)賓語是由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。Article1_popwin_LouisLanguagePointsLouisBraille//路易·布萊葉Article2_popwin_Q3)HowmanypeoplewerethereinLouis’sfamily?six.

Article2_popwin_S_Louis…LouisBraillewasbornonJanuary4,1809,inFrance.說某事發(fā)生在特定的某一天，用介詞on來表示。in常用來表示某事發(fā)生的月份或年份，也用來指示事情發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。

e.g.

I’mleavingforBeijingonMonday.

Thisyear’ssportsmeetingwilltakeplaceonApril2.ItusuallyrainsalotinJune.

Hewasbornin1940.

The2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.

LanguagePointsT我周一去北京。T今年的運(yùn)動會將在4月2日舉行。T通常6月雨水很多。T他是1940年出生的。T2008年奧運(yùn)會將在北京舉辦。Article2_popwin_FranceFrance//

法蘭西，法國Coupvray//

庫普弗雷（法國城市）LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_Q4)HowdidLouisbecomeblind?Heinjuredhiseyewithaknifebyaccident,andtheinfectionmadebothhiseyesblind.Article3_popwin_makeoutofmake…outof…:

produce…using…asmaterial

用…制造出…e.g.

Whatisinkmadeoutof?They’llmakeafirstclassdoctoroutofher.LanguagePointsT墨水是用什么制造的？T他們要把她培養(yǎng)成第一流的醫(yī)生。Article3_popwin_S_Imitating…Imitatinghisfather,Louistriedtocutapieceofleatherwithasmallknife.路易學(xué)著父親的樣子，試著用小刀割一塊皮革。

Imitatinghisfather是分詞短語，用作狀語。分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，它邏輯上的主語一般必須與句子的主語一致。課文中類似的用法還有：Hemadethealphabetusingonlysixdots.(Para.8)LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_workshopworkshop//:n.

車間；工場；作坊LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_saddlesaddle//:n.

鞍；馬鞍；鞍具LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_itemitem//:n.

singlearticleorunitinalist;singlepieceofnews 條，項(xiàng)；項(xiàng)目；條款；（新聞等的）一條，一則LanguagePointse.g.

Pleasechecktheitemsinthisbill.Itooktheitemsoutofthebox,onebyone.T請核對一下這張賬單上的項(xiàng)目。T我把東西一樣一樣地從盒子里取出來。Article3_popwin_leatherleather//:n.

皮革

LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_imitateimitate//:vt.

copythespeech,actions,etc.of(sb.);takeor followasanexample模仿，仿效，學(xué)…的樣

LanguagePointse.g.

Thelittlegirlwasimitatingherbigbrotherbytryingtowalklikehim.

Heimitatesthewayhisfatherdoesthings.T小姑娘正在模仿她哥哥走路的樣子。T他學(xué)他父親做事的樣子。Article3_popwin_slipslip//:vi.

滑；滑落；溜；悄悄地走LanguagePointse.g.

Sheslippedontheice.Heslippedawayfromthemeeting.T她在冰上滑了一跤。T他從會上悄悄地溜走了。Article3_popwin_takecareoftakecareof:lookafter;beresponsiblefor

照料；負(fù)責(zé)

LanguagePointse.g.

Ifwebothleave,whowilltakecareofthechildren?Mywifetakescareofallthebills.T如果我們倆都離開了，那誰來照顧孩子們呢？T我太太負(fù)責(zé)處理所有的賬單。Article3_popwin_thebesttheycould:thebesttheycould:

thebest是副詞well的最高級形式。thebesttheycould=aswellastheycould。LanguagePointsArticle3_popwin_injureinjure/n/:vt.hurt;harm傷害；損害

LanguagePointse.g.

Heinjuredhiskneewhenheraninalongdistancerace.Luckily,wewerenotinjuredinthecarcrash.T他在長跑比賽中摔傷了膝蓋T幸運(yùn)的是，我們沒有在車禍中受傷。Article3_popwin_infect

infect/n/:vt.

cause(sb./sth.)tobeaffected(bya disease,germs,etc.)傳染；感染

LanguagePointse.g.

Everytimeyoucoughyoumaybeinfectingotherswithgerms.

Hiseargotinfectedandhebecamedeaf.T你每次咳嗽可能都在把病菌傳染給別人。T他的耳朵受到感染，他變聾了。Article3_popwin_infection

LanguagePointse.g.

infection//:n.

傳染；感染

Anearinfectionmadehimdeaf.T耳朵感染使他變聾了。Article3_popwin_spreadspread//:v.

(causesth.to)become(more)widelyknown,feltor suffered（使）傳開；傳染；（使）蔓延LanguagePointse.g.

Thefirespreadquicklyandburneddowntheirneighbor’shousetoo.

Ispreadthegoodnewstoeveryone.T大火迅速蔓延開來，把他們鄰居的房子也燒毀了。T

我把好消息傳播給了每個(gè)人。Article3_popwin_S_Thedoctorstook…Thedoctorstookcareofhimthebesttheycould,buttheinjuredeyegotinfected.LanguagePoints醫(yī)生們竭盡全力為他醫(yī)治，但那只受傷的眼睛受到了感染。thebest是副詞well的最高級形式。thebesttheycould=aswellastheycould。Article4_popwin_Q5)Asablindchild,didLouisgiveuphisschooleducation?Howcouldhekeepupwithstudiesinschool?No.Helearnedbylisteningtohisteacher.Andhissisterandafriendreadtheassignmentsaloudtohimsothathecoulddothehomework.Article4_popwin_publicpublic//:1.a.公立的；公眾的，公共的；公開的

e.g.

Thiscityhasafinepubliclibraryandafewpublicparks.ReporterslearnedthenewsonFridaybutagreednottomakeitpublicuntilthefollowingday.LanguagePoints2.n.

公眾，民眾

e.g.

Iwishtomakeitknowntothepublic.Policeareaskingthepublictohelpthemfindtwodangerousbankrobbers.T這個(gè)城市有一個(gè)很好的公共圖書館和幾個(gè)公園。T記者們星期五得知了這個(gè)消息但同意第二天再公開報(bào)道它。T

我希望將它公諸于眾。T警方請求公眾幫助他們尋找兩個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的銀行搶劫犯。Article5_popwin_Q6)WhatdidLouis’sparentsdecidetodowhenhewasnineyearsold?TheydecidedtosendhimtoaschoolfortheblindinParis.Article5_popwin_pastorpastor//:n.

牧師LanguagePointsArticle5_popwin_churchchurch//:n.

教堂；禮拜；［C］教會

e.g.visitachurchgotochurch

LanguagePointsT參觀一座教堂T去做禮拜Article5_popwin_toldhisparentsofaschooltoldhisparentsofaschool:

=toldhisparentsaboutaschoolLanguagePointsArticle5_popwin_S_Louis’sparents…Louis’sparentsdecidedtosendhimtotheschoolwhenhewasnineyearsold.:

路易的父母決定把他送到那所學(xué)校去，當(dāng)時(shí)他9歲。時(shí)間狀語從句whenhewasnineyearsold放在了主句的后面。課文中同樣的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：LouisBraille,atage15,changedthelivesofblindpeoplewhenhecreatedthesixdotBraillesystem.(Para.9)時(shí)間狀語從句放在句首時(shí),主句前應(yīng)該加上逗號。如:

Whenhewasnineyearsold,Louis’sparentsdecidedtosendhimtotheschool.LanguagePointsArticle5_popwin_PairsParis//

巴黎（法國首都）LanguagePointsArticle6_popwin_Q7)WhatwerethebooksfortheblindlikeintheschoolinParis?Theywerebigandheavy.Theletterswerelargeandraised.Article7_popwin_Q8)Whatwasthealphabetcodeusedbyarmysoldiersmadeupof?Dotsanddashes.9)Whywasthearmycodenogoodfortheblind?Itwastoocomplicated;thecodewasslowandthedashestookuptoomuchspace.Article7_popwin_FrenchFrench//:1.a.

法國的；法國人的；法語的e.g.theFrenchgovernment

Mr.FuLeitranslatedmanyFrenchnovelsintoChinese.

FrenchistaughtinmanyhighschoolsinEngland.LanguagePoints2.n.

法語;［the~］［總稱］法國人

T傅雷先生把許多法語/國小說譯成了漢語。T英國很多中學(xué)里教法語。T法國政府Article7_popwin_officerofficer//:n.

軍官

e.g.Hisfatherisanarmyofficer.LanguagePointsT他父親是名陸軍軍官。Article7_popwin_S_Barbierdeveloped…Barbierdevelopedanalphabetcodeusedbyarmysoldiers.巴比埃研制出了一種供軍隊(duì)士兵使用的字母電碼。LanguagePointsusedbyarmysoldiers是過去分詞短語，修飾alphabetcode，作定語。Article7_popwin_developdevelop//:v.

制訂；研制；（使）形成；（使）成長；（使）發(fā)育；發(fā)展LanguagePointsTheyspentalotoftimedevelopingtheplan.TomandMarydevelopedtheirfriendshipslowly.Sheisstudyinghowthehumanbraindevelopsbeforeandafterbirth.

e.g.T他們花了很多時(shí)間制訂這個(gè)計(jì)劃。T湯姆和瑪麗慢慢地發(fā)展著他們的友誼。T她在研究人腦在出生前后是怎樣發(fā)育的。Article7_popwin_alphabetalphabet//:n.

字母表LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_codecode//:n.

密碼；電碼；代碼LanguagePointssecretcodemilitarycodee.g.T密碼T軍用密碼Article7_popwin_soldiersoldier//:n.

士兵LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_deliverdeliver//:vt.

傳送（信息等）；投遞（信件等）；發(fā)表（演說)等LanguagePointsDidyoudelivermymessagetomyfather?

Theletterwasdeliveredtothewrongperson.deliveraspeeche.g.T你把我的信息傳給我父親了嗎？T信投錯(cuò)了人。T發(fā)表演說Article7_popwin_dotdot//:n.

點(diǎn)，圓點(diǎn)LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_dashdash//:n.（莫爾斯電碼的）劃，長劃；破折號（即—）；猛沖，飛奔

LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_makeupmakeup:

form,composeorconstitute組成，構(gòu)成

LanguagePointsWeneedjustonemoreplayertomakeupafullteam.Acarismadeupofmanydifferentparts.e.g.T我們只要再多一個(gè)球員就可組成一支完整的球隊(duì)了。T汽車由許多不同的部件組成。Article7_popwin_S_Itkept…Itkeptthemessagessecretiftheenemywouldseethem,…:

即時(shí)敵人看到信息，電碼也能使它們保密。would表示一種假設(shè)的情況，是虛擬語氣。LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_secretsecret/’/:1.a.

notknownbyothers秘密的LanguagePointsThereisnothingsecretaboutit.Youmustkeepmywordssecret.e.g.2.n.

fact,decision,etc.thatiskeptsecret秘密

e.g.Thisisasecretbetweenyouandme.T關(guān)于此事沒有什么秘密。T你一定要為我說的話保密。T這是你我之間的秘密。Article7_popwin_enemyenemy//:n.

敵人LanguagePointsArticle7_popwin_complicatedcomplicated//:a.（結(jié)構(gòu)）復(fù)雜的；難懂的

LanguagePointsacomplicatedproblemacomplicatedsysteme.g.T復(fù)雜的問題T復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)Article7_popwin_takeuptakeup:

filloroccupy(thespecifiedtimeorspace)

占去（時(shí)間或地方）

LanguagePointsMoveover!You’retakingupfartoomuchroom.Thisworktakesupallmytime.

e.g.T移過去一點(diǎn)兒！你占的地方太大了。T這份工作占去了我所有的時(shí)間。Article7_popwin_fitfit//:(fit;fitting)1.vi.

被容納；（服裝等）合身，合適；適合；適應(yīng)LanguagePointsThesuitdoesn’tfitwell.

Thischairfitsherebetweenthetableandthefireplace.e.g.2.a.

適合的；健康的

Thiswaterisn’tfitfordrinking.

keepfite.g.T這衣服不合身。T椅子放在桌子和壁爐之間很合適。

T這水不適合飲用。T保持健康A(chǔ)rticle7_popwin_CharlesBarbierCharlesBarbier/

/

查爾斯·巴比埃LanguagePointsArticle8_popwin_Q10)HowlongdidittakeLouistodevelophisBraillesystem?Threeyears.11)HowdoestheBraillesystemwork?Thealphabetusessixdots.Differentdotsareraisedfordifferentletters.Article8_popwin_simplifysimplify//:vt.

make(sth.)easytodoorunderstand;

makesimpler

使簡易；使簡明；簡化

LanguagePointsArticle8_popwin_vacationvacation//:n.

timewhenaschool,etc.isclosedtostudents;holiday 假期；休假

LanguagePointsthesummer/wintervacationtakeavacationfromworke.g.T暑/寒假T休假Article8_popwin_pickuppickup:

takeholdofandlift拿起；撿起；提起LanguagePointsHepickedupastoneandthrewitatthebirds.Shepickedupthebookfromthefloor.e.g.T他撿起一塊石頭朝鳥群扔去。T她把書從地板上撿了起來。Article8_popwin_bluntblunt//:a.

withoutasharpedgeorapoint鈍的

LanguagePointsbluntknifeabluntpencile.g.T一把鈍刀T粗筆尖的鉛筆Article8_popwin_awlawl//n.

smallpointedtoolformakingholes,esp.inleatherorwood 錐子

LanguagePointsArticle8_popwin_ahaaha//:int.

(usedesp.toshowsurpriseorsatisfaction)

啊哈（表示驚訝、得意等）LanguagePointsArticle8_popwin_cometocometo:

(ofanidea)occurto(sb.)（指主意）被想起

LanguagePointsIforgotwhatIwasgoingtosay.Ohwell,itwillcometomelater.ItsuddenlycametomethatMaryhatesfish.

e.g.T我忘了要說什么了。算了，我過一會兒會想起來的。T我突然想起瑪麗不愛吃魚。Article8_popwin_Onavacationathome…

Onavacationathome,Louis,age15,pickedupabluntawl.

在家中度假的某一天，15歲的路易撿起了一把鈍錐子。

age15是插在主語和謂語中間的一個(gè)修飾語，修飾Louis。LanguagePointsArticle9_popwin_nearlynearly//:ad.

almost;verycloseto幾乎，差不多

LanguagePointsItwasnearlyteno’clockwhenheleft.Lastyearshewasveryillandnearlydied.

e.g.T他離開時(shí)快10點(diǎn)鐘了。T去年她病得很重，差點(diǎn)死掉。Article9_popwin_createcreate//:vt.

make(sth.newororiginal);have(sth.)asaresult;produce

創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；引起；產(chǎn)生

LanguagePointsHerearesomepiecesofartcreatedbyourchildren.Sittingaroundthefirewithfriendsbesidemecreatedafeelingofwarmthdeepinmyheart.e.g.T這是我們的孩子們創(chuàng)作的一些藝術(shù)作品。T和朋友們一起圍坐在爐火邊，我的內(nèi)心深處產(chǎn)生了一種溫暖的感覺。Article9_popwin_Itisfitting…ItisfittingthatJanuary4,Louis’sbirthday,isconsideredBrailleDay,inhonoroftheblind.:把布萊葉的生日1月4日定為向盲人表示敬意的布萊葉日是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)?。Louis’sbirthday是January4的同位語。LanguagePointsTextAExercises

ReadingAloudUnderstandingtheTextReadingAnalysisVocabularyStructureTextAExercises-mainTranslation

Readthefollowingparagraphsuntilyouhavelearnedthembyheart.

WhenLouiswas12,CharlesBarbier,aFrenchArmyofficer,cametotheschool.Barbierdevelopedanalphabetcodeusedbyarmysoldiers.Thecodewasusedtodelivermessagestothesoldiersatnight.Itwasmadeupofdotsanddashes.Itkeptthemessagessecretiftheenemysawthem,butthecodewastoocomplicatedfortheblind.Louisthoughtthecodewasslowandthedashestookuptoomuchspace.Onlyoneortwosentencesfitonapage.Overthenextthreeyears,Louisworkedtosimplifythecode.Onavacationathome,Louis,age15,pickedupabluntawl.Aha!Anideacametohim.Hemadethealphabetusingonlysixdots.Differentdotswereraisedfordifferentletters.Later,hemadeasystemfornumbersandmusic.Readingaloud1.ReadingAloudAnswerthefollowingquestions.Understandling-Answer-11.WhowasLouisBraille?2.WhyisJanuary4namedBrailleDay?3.HowmanypeoplewerethereinLouis’sfamily?4.HowdidLouisbecomeblind?5.Asablindchild,didLouisgiveuphisschooleducation?Howcouldhekeepupwithstudiesinschool?6.WhatdidLouis’sparentsdecidetodowhenhewasnineyearsold?7.WhatwerethebooksfortheblindlikeintheschoolinParis?Whatwasthealphabetcodeusedbyarmysoldiersmadeupof?9.Whywasthecodenogoodfortheblind?10.HowlongdidittakeLouistodevelophisBraillesystem?11.HowdoestheBraillesystemwork?2.UnderstandingtheText

TopicsforDiscussion.1.“LouisBraille,atage15,changedthelivesofblindpeoplewhenhecreatedthesix-dotBraillesystem.”Nowdiscusswithyourclassmateswhatchangesthissystemcanbringtoablindperson’slife.2.“Necessityisthemotherofinvention.”DoyouagreethatBraille’sstoryprovesthissaying?Doyouknowanyotherexamplesthatprovethetruthofthissaying?Topics-13.Readtext-1

Openingremarks1

January4isBrailleDayinhonorofand

Part Topic Paragraph MainIdeaⅠtheblind

ReadTextAagainandcompletethefollowingtable.LouisBrailleⅡ

LouisBraille’sinventionofBraillesystem234

LouisBraillewasbornonin

January4,1809FranceLouisbecameblindwhenhewasyearsold.three

Louiswenttoschoolandwasatthetopofhisclass4.ReadingAnalysis_____________________._____________,_________.________________________.Readtext-2

5

Louis’sparentsdecidedto

sendhimtoaschoolfortheblindinParis67Louiswasnotsatisfiedwiththebooksforblindpeopleandwanted

ThedevelopedbyCharlesBarbierdidnotfittheblind.

abetterwaytoreadalphabetcode

Part Topic Paragraph MainIdea______________________________________.____________________.______________6.MyclassmatesalllaughedwhenIourteacher.5.WewerehappythatherdreamofmarryingFredfinallybecamea.1.Asayoungman,hehasastrongforsuccess.3.OnMemorialDay（陣亡將士紀(jì)念日）theAmericanpeoplethosesoldierswhodiedinwars.2.Theplanmustremainuntilnextmonth.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformswherenecessary.Vocabulary-Fillin1-1

realitydesirehonorimitateinjureinfectspreaddevelopdeliversecretcreatenearlydesiresecrethonor5.Vocabulary