閱讀-主旨?xì)w納

Welcometoourclass!Teachingaims:Afterthisclass,thestudentswillbeabletoacquiresomeknowledgeabouthowto

getthemainideaoftheparagraphandthepassage;improvetheskillsofreadingcomprehension.TheCollegeEntranceExamination

江蘇高考英語總分120分聽力20分單項(xiàng)選擇15分完形填空20分閱讀理解30分任務(wù)型閱讀10分書面表達(dá)25分(thelargestproportion)42014年《考試說明》考試內(nèi)容及要求

（二）語言能力2．閱讀要求考生讀懂簡易的英語文學(xué)作品、科普文章、公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志及各類媒體中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文章并回答相關(guān)問題?？忌鷳?yīng)能：（1）理解語篇主旨要義；（2）理解文中具體信息；（3）根據(jù)上下文提供的線索推測(cè)生詞的詞義；（4）根據(jù)文中事實(shí)和線索作出簡單的判斷和推理；（5）理解文章的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)和文脈邏輯關(guān)系；（6）理解作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和態(tài)度；（7）提煉文章提綱、概況主要內(nèi)容、理解關(guān)鍵信息。1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題(questionsofdetails)2、詞義猜測(cè)題(wordsincontext)3、推理判斷題(questionsofinference)4、主旨?xì)w納題(mainidea)Readingcomprehension Whateveryoudo,ifyouwanttobecomegreatatit,youneedtoworkdayinanddayout,almosttothepointofaddiction,andoveralongperiodoftime.Ifyou’renotwillingtoputinthetimeandwork,don’texpecttoreceiveanyrewards.Consistent,hardworkwon’tguaranteeyouthelevelofsuccessyoumaywant,butitwillguaranteethatyouwillbecomereallygoodatwhateveritisyouputallthatworkinto.英語周末檢測(cè)閱讀理解B62.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess. B.Beinggoodisdifferentfrombeinggreat.C.Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.D.Luck,talentandfamilyhelptoachievesuccess.

Howtogetthemainidea?

主旨?xì)w納題Questionforms:主旨大意題主要考查同學(xué)們?cè)诶斫馊牡幕A(chǔ)上運(yùn)用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的方法對(duì)文章進(jìn)行高度概括或總結(jié)的能力。多就文章的主要內(nèi)容、主題或標(biāo)題進(jìn)行設(shè)問。常見的題干形式如下：●大意類：Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageis...

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

●標(biāo)題類：What'sthebesttitle/headlineforthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe...●作者意圖類：What'sthewriter'spurposein

writingthepassage？Thepassageismeantto….Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto…Characteristicsofthiskindofquestions:1.該主題是作者的觀點(diǎn)（不是他人的觀點(diǎn)，不是描寫、說明，也不一定是事實(shí)）。2.一個(gè)段落或一篇文章一般主題只能有一個(gè)，其他的內(nèi)容都起說明、論證作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想。3.主旨句一般是下定義，做一個(gè)判斷，或陳述一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。干擾項(xiàng)的陷阱(Traps)1.以偏概全，干擾項(xiàng)故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出現(xiàn)過的某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成整篇文章的主題。2.放大或縮小文章的主題，把文章的主題進(jìn)行放大或者縮小。3.偷換概念，文章講的主題被換成相關(guān)但不同的主題。

Howtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?TypesOf

Paragraph

StructurestypeThepositionofthetopicInformationwords開門見山：Atthebeginning2)文末點(diǎn)睛：

Attheend3)文中點(diǎn)旨：

Inthemiddle4)無主題句：

Nocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease,cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5minutes）

Smokingcancausecancer.SmokingisaterriblekillerSmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi--onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1minutes）Themainideaofthispassageisthat________.

A.aninnocentpersonlooksmoreguiltythanaprofessionalcriminaldoesB.themanwhoknows"everything"mayreallyknowsnothingC.wearefoolishifwejudgeapersononlybyhisappearanceD.itisdifficulttotelltheguiltyfromtheinnocent.

3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(2.5minutes)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingaTVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)

4

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.（2minutes）

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailHowtogetthemainideaofapassage?detailsParagraphideasPassageidea

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4

minutes）

Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage

①

Magellan’s[m?'gel?n]menwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyageMagellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodan