2020西城診斷性測試

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)西城區(qū)高三診斷性測試英語2020.5本試卷共11頁，120分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Adomestically第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。OnemorninginJuly2011,ataxisatwanderingoutsidePetcoParkstadiuminSanDiego.AndWadeLeBlanc,a(an)11pitcher(棒球投手)forthePadres,climbedin.“Totheairport,please,”hetoldthedriver.LeBlancwasheadedtoTucson,Arizona,homeoftheclub’sA-levelbranchorganizationatthetime.He’dbeensentdowntotheminors.Again.Fortheeighthtimeinthreeyears.“You’reWadeLeBlanc,”thetaxidriversaid.“Right.”“Yougotsomegoodstuff.”This12thepitcher,afterthepreviousnight’sdisastrousperformance.“Ithinktherearesomethingsyoushouldthinkabout13,”thedrivercontinued.“Idon’tknow;I’mnota14.Maybesomethinglikegoingoveryourheadinyourwindup(擺臂動作).”Wait,what?Thisguywasoffering...15?Earlierinhiscareer,LeBlancmighthave16.Orbeenangry.Buttoday,hejust17.Hecouldn’taffordtodismissanything.Hiscareerwasontheline.Thenextday,inTucson,LeBlancmethis18.HesaidhewasthinkingaboutmakingHiscoachagreed.Insteadofkeepinghishandstighttohischestatthebeginningofhisdelivery,LeBlancraisedthembrieflyoverhishead,asthetaxidriverhadLeBlancincludedthenew21intohisnextstart.Andhewas22,allowingonlyonehitoverseveninnings(回合).Itwastheturningpointinhiscareer.Eightyearslater,LeBlancisapitcherfortheSeattleMariners.HesignedthefirstcontractextensionofhisMajorLeagueBaseballcareer—atage33.Thefunnythingaboutadvice:Wesooftentakeitfromthe23people.Thatis,we24theadviceofexperts,whileundervaluingtheinputofregularfolk.WadeLeBlanc25thattrend,andheobtainedthe26.“Expertadvisersoftenmakesurprisinglyinaccuratepredictionsaboutthefuture,yetpeople27theirsuggestionsnevertheless,”concludedStanfordUniversitypsychologistsinastudypublishedlastyear.Now,noteveryonetookexperts’advice.Themore28peoplebecome,thesmallerthepoolofadvisersthey29.Participantsinpositionsofpowerignoredalmosttwothirdsoftheadvicetheyreceived,accordingtooneHarvardUniversitystudy.Otherparticipants—thecontrolandlowpowergroups—ignoredadviceabouthalfasoften.Soitrequiredamassiveincreaseofmodesty(謙虛)todowhatWadeLeBlancdid:hearwhatthetaxidriverwasofferinghimandacceptitasa(an)30.11.A.excellent B.struggling C.ambitious D.awkward12.A.surprised B.concerned C.disturbed D.angered13.A.avoiding B.making C.trying D.crossing14.A.player B.director C.joker D.loser15.A.service B.advice C.chances D.courses16.A.accepted B.worried C.smiled D.laughed17.A.explained B.interrupted C.listened D.guessed18.A.parents B.coach C.driver D.fans19.A.changes B.contributions C.additions D.objectives20.A.included B.announced C.suggested D.resisted21.A.aim B.effect C.hobby D.move22.A.patient B.optimistic C.brilliant D.justified23.A.attractive B.popular C.humble D.wrong24.A.overvalue B.skip C.ignore D.involve25.A.identified B.supported C.opposed D.started26.A.qualifications B.benefits C.prize D.degree27.A.follow B.abandon C.provide D.improve28.A.literary B.successful C.careful D.negative29.A.tolerate B.help C.know D.trust30.A.job B.example C.excuse D.gift第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhichmealkitserviceisrightforyou?Asthesimpleactofshoppingandpreparingfoodfordinnerbecomeshardertofitin,awaytohelpmeetconsumerneedsandchangethewayweshopandeathasgrown:meal-deliveryplans.Here’saquickreviewofsomepopularoptions:1.HelloFreshHelloFreshprovideshigh-qualityingredients(烹飪原料)andgenerousportions(份量),withrecipesthataregenerallyeasytoprepare.Theclear,step-by-stepinstructionsgeteventhenewesthomechefsuptospeed,andtherecipecardsarewell-made,soyoucanrefertoyourfavoriterecipesagainandagain.Therearemealsforalmostanylifestyle,includingvegetarian(素食)options,low-caloriemealsand“quick”recipesthatgetdinneronthetablefast.Cost:$8.75to$9.99perserving,withupto16servingsperweek.2.FreshlyGetfresh,home-cookedfoodwithoutthetroubleofactuallycooking.Thissubscriptionservicedeliverscomfortfoodstoyourdoorstep,andthemealsarepreparedrightbeforedelivery.Neverfrozenandonlyrequiringminimalreheating,they’renutritiousandcostlessthanmanystandardtakeoutoptions.Cost:$7.99to$11.50perserving,withupto12servingsperweek.3.BlueApronBlueApronisfulloffreshingredients,withtraditionalorvegetarianoptions.Likemanyoftheplans,thefoodisdeliveredinonebigboxandtherecipecardisseparatefromthemealingredients.Thevarietyisgoodandtherecipesaregenerallyeasytoprepare.Cost:$7.49to$9.99perserving,withupto16servingsperweek.4.EveryPlateEveryPlateofferssimplermealsforalowercost.Userscanchoosebetweeneightrecipeseachweek,sothereisn’talotofflexibilityfordifferentdietaryneeds,buttherecipesarefullofflavorandgivesubscribersgenerousportions.Ifyou’relookingforanaffordablewaytogetintomealkits,EveryPlateisagoodoption.Cost:$4.99perserving,withupto12servingsperweek.5.DailyHarvestDailyHarvestspecializesindelicioussmoothies.Themealsarepackedwithfruitsandvegetables,makingnutritioneasyandtasty.Smoothiesjustrequiretheadditionofliquid,sofeelfreetoaddyourfavoritetypeofmilkorwatertotheblendandgetyourdaystarted.Cost:$6.99perserving,withbetween9and26servingsavailable.31.Whichmealkitserviceisrightforavegetarian?A.DailyHarvestandEveryPlate. B.HelloFreshandBlueApron.C.EveryPlateandFreshly. D.HelloFreshandFreshly.32.Eachmeal-deliveryplanisavailablewith________.A.fruitsandvegetables B.unlimitedservingsC.easypreparation D.separaterecipes33.Themeal-deliveryplansmeetthecustomerneedsof________.A.livinganenvironmentallyfriendlylifeB.cuttingdownondailyfoodcostsC.adaptingtoanewlifestyleD.improvingcookingskillsBKylieKirkpatrickwasgettingreadyforworkwhenher9-year-oldson,RyanKyote,burstintoherbedroom.TheNapa,California-basedthird-graderhadjustwatchedanewsstoryaboutakindergartenstudentinIndianawhowasforcedtoreturnher

schoollunch

becauseheraccountbalancecouldn’tcoverthemeal.“Ryanwasupset,”Kirkpatrick

toldTODAYParents.“Hesaid,‘Mom,howdoessomethinglikethishappen?’Thenheaskedwhathecoulddotohelp.”Afterabitofbrainstorming,Kyote—pronounced“coyote”—decidedhewouldusesixmonths’worthofallowancehehadsaveduptopayoffthelunchdebtofhisentireclassatWestParkElementarySchool.Thebillcameupto$74.50.ThoughKyotehadbeeneyeballinganewpairofbasketballsneakers,thiswasfarmoreimportanttohim.So,onMay24,hehappilydonatedhissixmonthsofsavingstotheNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictfoodservicesdepartment.“Ryantoldthem,‘Pleaseletmyfriendsknowthattheynolongeroweanymoney,’”Kirkpatrickrecalled.“Lunchishisfavoritepartofthedayanditbrokehishearttothinkthatit’sastressfultimeforsomechildren.”Thefourth-grader-to-bewantedhis

actofkindnesstobeunknowntoothers,buthisproudmothercouldn’tresistsharingaphotoonTwitter,whereitspreadquickly.“Givethiskidhismoneyback.Nochildshouldbecoveringlunchdebtforhisclasswithhisallowance,”wroteoneperson.Addedanother:“Lovethisstory...Specialkid.”Practicinggooddeeds

isnothingnewforKyote.“I’llgointothegarageandRyan’sbikeismissingbecausehegaveittoafriendinneed,”Kirkpatrick,asign-languageinterpreter,toldTODAYParents.“Onetime,afrienddidn’thaveanyshoesthatfit,soRyan

gavehimapairofhisownshoes.”Recently,aninvestorgotwindofwhatKyotehaddoneforhisclassmatesandhecontactedKirkpatrick.“HewantedtogiveRyanmoneytoputinhissavingsaccount,”shesaid.Kyote,whorecentlylosthisfatherto

ALS,hadanotheridea.“Ryantoldthemantopayitforward,”Kirkpatricksaid.“Sohemadeadonationtothe

ALSAssociation.Ican’tevenbegintotellyouwhatthatmeanttoRyan.Allhewantsistomaketheworldabetterplace.”34.HowdidRyanfeelafterwatchingthenewsstoryaboutakindergartenstudent?A.Shocked. B.Relieved. C.Excited. D.Bored.35.Insteadofbuyinganewpairofsneakers,Ryanwasmoreconcernedabout________.A.hisschoollunch B.hisaccountbalanceC.hissixmonthsofsavings D.hisclassmates’lunchdebt36.WhatdoweknowaboutRyanKyotefromthepassage?A.Hetriedhisbesttohelphisfriendsinneed.B.Hecouldn’tresistsharinghisphotosonTwitter.C.HeacceptedadonationfromtheALSAssociation.D.Hearguedagainstnegativereviewsonsocialmedia.37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Lifeisalwaystoughforschoolchildren.B.Akidcanmakeadifferenceintheworld.C.Socialmediacanmakeyoungpeoplepopular.D.Friendshipisanimportantpartofbeingayouth.CAcrucialperiodforlearningtherulesandstructureofalanguagelastsuptoaroundage17or18,saypsychologistJoshuaHartshorneofMITandhiscolleagues. Previousresearchhadsuggestedthatgrammar-learningabilitydevelopedinearlychildhoodbeforehittingadeadendaroundage5.However,Hartshorne’steamreportsonlineinCognitionthatpeoplewhostartedlearningEnglishasasecondlanguageinanEnglish-speakingcountrybyage10to12ultimatelymasteredthenewtongueaswellasfolkswhohadlearnedEnglishandanotherlanguageatthesametimefrombirth.Bothgroups,however,fellsomewhatshortofthegrammaticalfluencydisplayedbyEnglish-onlyspeakers.Afterages10to12,new-to-EnglishlearnersreachedlowerlevelsoffluencythanthosewhostartedlearningEnglishatyoungeragesbecausetimeranoutwhentheirgrammar-absorbingabilityfellstartingaroundage17.Aimingforasampleoftensofthousandsofvolunteers,HartshornebeganbycontactingfriendsonFacebooktotakeanonlineEnglishgrammarquiz,whichusedaperson’sresponsestoguesshisorhernativelanguageanddialect(方言)ofEnglish.Thenvolunteersfilledoutaquestionnaireaskingwheretheyhadlived,languagestheyhadspokenfrombirth,theageatwhichtheybeganlearningEnglishandthenumberofyearstheyhadlivedinanEnglish-speakingcountry.Intheend,theresearchersanalyzedresponsesof669,498nativeandnonnativeEnglishspeakers.StatisticalcalculationsfocusedonestimatingatwhatagespeoplewithvaryingamountsofexperiencespeakingEnglishreachedpeakgrammarability.Researcherswhostudylanguagelearningregardthenewstudyasfascinating,butexploratory.AccordingtopsycholinguistDavidBarneroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,Hartshorne’steamcan’tyetsaythatlanguageskilldevelopsalongasingletimeline.Differentelementsofgrammar,suchasusingcorrectwordorderorsubjectsandverbsthatagreewithoneanother,mightbelearnedatdifferentrates,Barnersays.It’salsounclearwhethertheresponsesofvolunteerstoanonline,132-itemgrammartestreflecthowwellorpoorlytheyactuallyspeakEnglish,hesays.What’smore,languagelearninginvolvesmorethanacrucialperiodforacquiringgrammar,cautionslinguistDavidBirdsongoftheUniversityofTexasatAustin.Forinstance,growingupspeakingtwolanguagesatonceputsstillpoorlyunderstoodburdensontheabilitytograspgrammar,hesays.Inthenewstudy,peoplewhowerebilingualsfrombirthfellshortofpeakEnglishgrammarscoresachievedbyEnglish-onlyspeakers.That’sconsistentwithevidencethatbilingualscannoteasilyturnoffonelanguagewhilespeakinganother,Birdsongsays.Interactionsbetweentonguesspokenbyonepersonmayslightlydepresshowmuchcanbelearnedaboutbothlanguages,evenifbilingualcommunicationstillreacheshighlevels,hesuggests.38.Hartshorneandhiscolleaguesfoundthat. A.onereachesahigherleveloffluencyatage10B.onelearnsasecondlanguagefastestataboutage12 C.onegetsagoodgraspofEnglishgrammarbeforeage5 D.one’sabilitytomastergrammardeclinesataroundage1739.Hartshornecollecteddatathrough.A.socialmedia B.experimentsinthelab C.literaturereview D.face-to-faceinterviews40.DavidBarnerbelievesthat. A.languageskilldevelopsalongasingletimeline B.onlinevolunteersdonotcoverawideenoughrange C.differentgrammaritemsmaybeacquiredatdifferentpaces D.thequizinthenewstudydoesnotincludeenoughquestions41.Whatcanweknowaboutbilingualsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theycanachieveaperfectgrammarscore.B.Grammarlearningisthebiggestburdenforthem.C.Theyareabletomakeaswiftshiftbetweenlanguages.D.Speakingtwolanguagesaffectstheirlanguageacquisition.DThelastdecadesawtheriseofthefieldof“plantneurobiology(神經(jīng)生物學(xué))”.Thatdebatablefieldisbasedontheideathatplants—whichdonotpossessbrains—handleinformationinwayssimilartocomplicatedanimalnervoussystems.Thisthinkingimpliesthatplantscouldfeelhappinessorsorroworpain,makeintentionaldecisionsandevenpossessconsciousness.Butthechancesofthatare“effectivelyzero,”LincolnTaizandcolleagueswriteinan

opinionpiece

inTrendsinPlantScience.“There’snothingintheplantremotelycomparabletothecomplexityoftheanimalbrain,”saysTaiz,fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz.Someplantsarecapableofcomplicatedbehavior.Woundedleavescansendwarningsignalstootherpartsoftheplant,andharmfulchemicalscanwarnanimalsthateatthem.Someplantsmayevenhaveaversionofshort-termmemory:Tinysensinghairscan

countthenumberoftouches

thatcomefromaclumsyinsect.Butplantsperformthesewithequipmentthat’sverydifferentfromthenervoussystemsofanimals,nobrainrequired,Taizargues.Heandcolleaguespointoutmethodological(方法的)faultsinsomeofthestudiesthatclaimplantshavebrain-likecommandcenters,animal-likenervecellsandchangingpatternsofelectricitythataresimilartoactivityfoundinanimalbrains.Butbeyondthedebateoverhowthesestudiesareconducted,Taiz’steamarguesthatplantconsciousnessdoesn’tevenmakesensefromanevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)pointofview.Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchamealandavoidbecomingone,Taizsays.Butplantsarerootedtothegroundandrelyonsunlightforenergy,aninactivelifestylethatdoesn’trequirequickthinkingoroutsmartingapredator(捕食者)—ortheenergeticallyexpensivenervoussystemsthatenablethosebehaviors.“Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn’thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.Imagineaforestfire.“It’sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey’rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,”Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates“whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness.”Furthermore,plantshaveplentytodowithouthavingtobeconscious,too.Withsunlight,carbondioxideandwater,plantscreatethecompounds(化合物)thatsustainmuchoftherestoflifeonEarth,Taizpointsout.“Isn’tthatenough?”42.AccordingtoParagraph1,aplantneurobiologistwouldmostprobablyagreethat.A.plantsarecapableofindependentthinkingB.plantsareasbiologicallycomplexasanimalsC.plantsdevelopednervoussystemsforsurvivalD.plantsfeelemotionsinthesamewayasanimals43.Whatdoestheunderlined“one”inParagraph4referto?A.Apredator. B.Ameal . C.Aninactiveplant. D.Alivingbeing.44.WhichstatementdoesLincholTaizbelieve?A.Plantspossessbrain-likecommandcenters.B.Thelifestyleofplantsrequiresnervoussystems.C.Itisunnecessaryforplantstohaveconsciousness.D.Nervoussystemsenableplantstofighttheirpredators.45.LincolnTaizintroducesaforestfireto.A.suggestnewwaystostudythebehaviorsofplantsB.discussthepossibilityofplantsescapingadisasterC.illustratehowplantsmakedecisionsinfaceofdangersD.proveconsciousnesswoulddoplantsmoreharmthangood第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whydoesrainseemtomakeyousleepy?ThisspringontheeastcoastoftheUS,itfeelslikewe’velosttouchwiththesun.InWashington,DC,14ofthefirst17daysofMaywererainy.46Itmeansthatforme,MayhasbeenoneofthemonthsI’vefeltthesleepiest.Thedullweathercanhitalmostallofoursensesinawaythatgivesasigntousitistimeforasleep.First,there’swhatwesee—orrather,whatwedon’t.47Whenit’srainingandskiesarecloudy,wemissoutonourbody’sinternalalarmclock.AsNaomi,ascientistfromCentralQueenslandUniversitysaid,whenyoudon’tseethesunlightfirstthinginthemorning,yourbodynevergetsthesignalthatitneedstoshiftintodaytimemode.48Plantsproduceoilsduringdryperiods,possiblytostopseedsfromdeveloping.Whenitrains,thewaterbringsouttheoilsandtheymixwithachemicaltocreatea“musky”smell.49Additionally,afterathunderstormthere’sachanceyoumaysmellozone(臭氧),whichisgeneratedwhenlightninginteractswiththeair.Somecompareitssmelltothatofcleanbedsheets.Rainsoundsarealsocomforting.Therhythmicpatternofrainhittingaroof,umbrella,orthegroundbelowiscalled“pinknoise.”Pinknoiseisacategoryofbackgroundnoisethathasallofthefrequenciesthathumancanhearandhaslowervolumesathigherfrequencies.Accordingtosomeresearch,itmayimproveourqualityofsleepbydecreasingourbrainactivity.50Thedifficultyinwakingup,thefresh,earthyscents,andthepeaceoftheraintappingonwindowsareenoughtomakeanyonewanttogobacktobedfortheday.Sadly,noneofthisevidenceisenoughtojustifydoingso;butitcanatleastexplainwhyyoumayfeelalittlesleepyonthesecloudydays.A.Noisescanmakeusfeelsleepierduringthedaytime.B.Theothershavebeencloudyanddullforatleastpartoftheday.C.Thatearthysmellofraincanmakeyoufeelcalmandcomfortable.D.Itmakesiteasierforustowakeupfromoursleepthenightbefore.E.Sunlightcausesourbodiestostopproducingwhatmakesussleepyatnight.F.Andyou’llalsosmellthatwhenyouareinyourgardenturningoveryoursoil.G.Youcanlistentoanhourofrainonawindowhere,ifyouintendtotestitout.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國好友Jim從書上看到了中國學(xué)生做“課間操”的圖片，向你詢問有關(guān)情況。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，介紹相關(guān)信息，內(nèi)容包括：1、課間操的基本情況(時間、次數(shù)…)；2、你們做課間操的感受。注意:1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：課間操exercisebetweenclassesDearJim,Yours,LiHua（請務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，為學(xué)校?？坝⒄Z角”投稿，介紹你參加學(xué)?！吧锷鐖F(tuán)”在學(xué)校生物園地種植蔬菜的過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。2020年北京市西城區(qū)高三診斷性測試英語試卷英 語參考答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）1.with 2.hadworked/worked3.what 4.placing5.easily 6.wasspent7.myself 8.depth9.called 10.While/Although/Though第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）11.B12.A13.C14.A15.B16.D17.C18.B19.A20.C21.D22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.D第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）31.B32.C33.C34.A35.D36.A37.B38.D39.A40.C41.D42.A43.B44.C45.D第二節(jié)46.B（5210）47.E 48.C49.F50.G第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35）第一節(jié)（15分）OnePossibleVersionDearJim,

第二節(jié)（20分）OnePossibleVersionLastweek,I,togetherwithsomeofmyclassmates,participatedinHowiseverythinggoing?Iamgladtohearfromyou.Inyourletter,youmentionedthephotoyousawinthebook,wherewestudentsaredoing“exercisebetweenclasses”.Learningthatyouwanttoknowmoreaboutwhatitis,Ifeelverypleasedtotellyoumoreaboutit.Asadailyroutine,doingexercis