賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句1概要課件

語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十五)賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句

語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十五)賓語(yǔ)從句和中考要求熟練掌握賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成和用法。賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一引導(dǎo)詞

1．在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，若是陳述句作賓語(yǔ)，that可以省略。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音機(jī)報(bào)道說(shuō)明天要下雨。中考要求賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一引導(dǎo)詞1．在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)2．連接代詞which，what，who，whom,whose等或連接副詞how,where,why,when等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)的從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Couldyoutellme______________toyou?你能告訴我他跟你說(shuō)了些什么嗎？3．whether或if引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)的從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Iwonder__________youhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已經(jīng)告訴李雷這個(gè)消息了。whathesaidif/whether2．連接代詞which，what，who，whom,who考點(diǎn)二時(shí)態(tài)1．當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可以使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。Xiaomingwantstoknowwhattimeyougotupthismorning.小明想知道今天早晨你是幾點(diǎn)起床的。IamwonderingwhenChristmasfathersendsmeagift.我一直想知道圣代老人什么給我送的禮物。Hehastoldthathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動(dòng)身去紐約了?？键c(diǎn)二時(shí)態(tài)1．當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2．當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)(過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。WeaskedwhatJeandidjustnow/wasdoingthen./woulddonext/haddonebythetimethemeetingwasover.我們問(wèn)Jean剛才做了什么/那時(shí)正在做什么/接下來(lái)將會(huì)做什么/會(huì)議結(jié)束之前做了什么。2．當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)(過(guò)去時(shí)3．當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Lisaaskedwhetherlight______________fasterthansound.麗薩問(wèn)光的傳播速度是否比聲音快。Pollysaidnonewsisgoodnews.波利說(shuō)沒(méi)有消息就是好消息。travels/goes3．當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)1．陳述句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Heisagoodboy.Theteachersaid.→考點(diǎn)三語(yǔ)序

Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodboy.1．陳述句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述句語(yǔ)序?？键c(diǎn)三2．一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whether______________．Whendidheleave？Idon'tknow.→[提醒]賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.→Idon'tknowwhat__________．heworkshardtosayIdon'tknowwhenheleft.2．一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序

1．人稱(chēng)的變化考點(diǎn)四直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)

一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱(chēng)不更新Shesaid,“Iamtired.”她說(shuō)：“我累了?！薄鶶hesaidthat__________tired.Theheadmastersaidtous，“Youmuststudyhardnow.”校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：“你們現(xiàn)在一定要努力學(xué)習(xí)。”→Theheadmastertoldusthat______hadtostudyhardthen.shewaswe1．人稱(chēng)的變化考點(diǎn)四直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)一隨主，二隨賓

2．引導(dǎo)詞和語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞語(yǔ)序陳述句that(可省略)不變一般疑問(wèn)句if/whether疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序特殊疑問(wèn)句wh-類(lèi)詞疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序直接引語(yǔ)改為動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，需將主句中的saytosb.改為tell/asksb.,構(gòu)成tell/asksb.(not)todosth.句型2．引導(dǎo)詞和語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句直接3.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。其規(guī)律一般是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)——一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)——過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)——不變語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句3.時(shí)態(tài)的變化語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句4．指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化this—that

these—thosenow—__________today—thatdaytonight—__________thisweek(year,term)—_______________________yesterday—_______________lastweek(year,term)—theweek(year,term)beforetwoyearsago—_______________tomorrow—thenext(following)daynextweek(year,term)—thenextweek(year,term)here—__________語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句thenthatnightthatweek(year，term)thedaybeforetwoyearsbeforethere4．指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose,whom),which,that。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法：考點(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞的基本用法

定語(yǔ)從句（概念？）作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose,whom),

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.2.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who,whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which或thTheman

who

isspeakingatthe

meetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語(yǔ)1.who指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Theman（who/that/whom)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwho/that

stealsthingsiscalledathief.ThemanwhoisspeakingattheThewoman

whom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語(yǔ)2.whom指人,作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman(whom/who/that)IspoketoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomIspokeisMr.Li.ThewomanwhomtheywantedtoIknowthegirl

whose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’s

motherisateacher.作定語(yǔ)3.whose多指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose指物時(shí)可與ofwhich互換使用。Whose用來(lái)代替his/her/their/its.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.Iknowthegirlwhosemotheri

4.that指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）4.that指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）5.which指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.Thiscomputer（which/that）

heisusingismadeinChina.Isthisthelibrary(which/that)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?指物，只用which（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）5.which指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省These6.that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行詞為everything,nothing,something,anything,all,little,much，none等不定代詞時(shí)。Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.6.that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。

Whoisthegirl

(that)drovethecar?

Who

(that)brokethewindowwillbepunished.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。Thisistheverybookthat

belongstohim.主句以Therebe引導(dǎo)時(shí)

Thereare200people(that)didn’tknowthething.先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。(4)先行詞被Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1．Thegirl________very_____(個(gè)子很高)isJohn'ssister.2．Welikemusic___________________________(讓我們輕松的)．3．Helikestheplaces_________________(天氣暖和的)．4．Thewatch___________________________(我昨天買(mǎi)的)waslost.5．Iwillneverforgetthedays____________________(我們生活在一起的)．考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)whois

tall

which/thatmakesusrelaxed

whereit'swarm

that/whichIboughtyesterday

whenwelivedtogether

語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)whoistalⅡ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子1．你能告訴我你來(lái)中國(guó)多久了嗎？

Couldyoutellme________________________________________inChina?2．我確信他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。

Iamsure_____________________________________．3．你媽媽想知道你是否已經(jīng)安全到校。

Yourmotherwantstoknow__________youhavereachedschoolsafely.4．我不知道他們住在哪兒。

Idon'tknow________________________．5．科學(xué)家說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。

Scientistssaid________________________________________________________．how

long

you

have

been

will

arriveon

time

if/whether

he

語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句where

they

live

that

the

earth

moves

around

the

sun

Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子howlongyouha語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十五)賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句

語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十五)賓語(yǔ)從句和中考要求熟練掌握賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成和用法。賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一引導(dǎo)詞

1．在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，若是陳述句作賓語(yǔ)，that可以省略。Theradiosays(that)itwillraintomorrow.收音機(jī)報(bào)道說(shuō)明天要下雨。中考要求賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一引導(dǎo)詞1．在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)2．連接代詞which，what，who，whom,whose等或連接副詞how,where,why,when等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)的從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Couldyoutellme______________toyou?你能告訴我他跟你說(shuō)了些什么嗎？3．whether或if引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)的從句時(shí)，從句改用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Iwonder__________youhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.我想知道你是否已經(jīng)告訴李雷這個(gè)消息了。whathesaidif/whether2．連接代詞which，what，who，whom,who考點(diǎn)二時(shí)態(tài)1．當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可以使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。Xiaomingwantstoknowwhattimeyougotupthismorning.小明想知道今天早晨你是幾點(diǎn)起床的。IamwonderingwhenChristmasfathersendsmeagift.我一直想知道圣代老人什么給我送的禮物。Hehastoldthathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動(dòng)身去紐約了?？键c(diǎn)二時(shí)態(tài)1．當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2．當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)(過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。WeaskedwhatJeandidjustnow/wasdoingthen./woulddonext/haddonebythetimethemeetingwasover.我們問(wèn)Jean剛才做了什么/那時(shí)正在做什么/接下來(lái)將會(huì)做什么/會(huì)議結(jié)束之前做了什么。2．當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)(過(guò)去時(shí)3．當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Lisaaskedwhetherlight______________fasterthansound.麗薩問(wèn)光的傳播速度是否比聲音快。Pollysaidnonewsisgoodnews.波利說(shuō)沒(méi)有消息就是好消息。travels/goes3．當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或普遍規(guī)律時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)1．陳述句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Heisagoodboy.Theteachersaid.→考點(diǎn)三語(yǔ)序

Theteachersaid(that)hewasagoodboy.1．陳述句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述句語(yǔ)序。考點(diǎn)三2．一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whether______________．Whendidheleave？Idon'tknow.→[提醒]賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)換由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。Idon'tknowwhatIshouldsay.→Idon'tknowwhat__________．heworkshardtosayIdon'tknowwhenheleft.2．一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句改為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序

1．人稱(chēng)的變化考點(diǎn)四直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)

一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱(chēng)不更新Shesaid,“Iamtired.”她說(shuō)：“我累了?！薄鶶hesaidthat__________tired.Theheadmastersaidtous，“Youmuststudyhardnow.”校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：“你們現(xiàn)在一定要努力學(xué)習(xí)?！薄鶷heheadmastertoldusthat______hadtostudyhardthen.shewaswe1．人稱(chēng)的變化考點(diǎn)四直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)一隨主，二隨賓

2．引導(dǎo)詞和語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞語(yǔ)序陳述句that(可省略)不變一般疑問(wèn)句if/whether疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序特殊疑問(wèn)句wh-類(lèi)詞疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序直接引語(yǔ)改為動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，需將主句中的saytosb.改為tell/asksb.,構(gòu)成tell/asksb.(not)todosth.句型2．引導(dǎo)詞和語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句直接3.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。其規(guī)律一般是：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)——一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)——過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)——不變語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句3.時(shí)態(tài)的變化語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句4．指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化this—that

these—thosenow—__________today—thatdaytonight—__________thisweek(year,term)—_______________________yesterday—_______________lastweek(year,term)—theweek(year,term)beforetwoyearsago—_______________tomorrow—thenext(following)daynextweek(year,term)—thenextweek(year,term)here—__________語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句thenthatnightthatweek(year，term)thedaybeforetwoyearsbeforethere4．指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等的變化語(yǔ)法互動(dòng)(十三)┃賓語(yǔ)從引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose,whom),which,that。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法：考點(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞的基本用法

定語(yǔ)從句（概念？）作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)指人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose指物which/thatwhich/thatwhose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who(whose,whom),

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.2.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who,whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which或thTheman

who

isspeakingatthe

meetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語(yǔ)1.who指人,作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Theman（who/that/whom)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwho/that

stealsthingsiscalledathief.ThemanwhoisspeakingattheThewoman

whom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語(yǔ)2.whom指人,作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Theman(whom/who/that)IspoketoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomIspokeisMr.Li.ThewomanwhomtheywantedtoIknowthegirl

whose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’s

motherisateacher.作定語(yǔ)3.whose多指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示引導(dǎo)詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose指物時(shí)可與ofwhich互換使用。Whose用來(lái)代替his/her/their/its.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.Iknowthegirlwhosemotheri

4.that指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）4.that指人/物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）5.which指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略,如介詞提前則不能省)Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.Thiscomputer（which/that）

heisusingismadeinChina.Isthisthelibrary(which/that)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?指物，只用which（作主語(yǔ)，不可省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）（作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。）5.which指物，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省These6.that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行詞為everything,nothing,something,anything,all,little,much，none等不定代詞時(shí)。Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.6.that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。

Whoisthegirl

(that)drovethecar?

Who

(that)brokethewindowwillbepunished.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。Thisistheverybookthat

belongstohim