包皮環(huán)切能防止HIV感染課件

包皮環(huán)切能防止HIV感染？包皮環(huán)切術(shù)的歷史包皮環(huán)切儀式在西非已沿襲了五千年以上。在中東也至少有三千年的歷史。

EARLIESTDEPEICTIONOFMALECIRCUMCISIONTombofAnkhmahor,ArchitecttothePharaohSaqqara,Egypt2300B.C.JesusChristBornDecember25thAD0001AsaJew,circumcisedonthe8thdayoflifeJanuary1stTHEFEASTOFTHECIRCUMSISIONProfessorR.V.Short19世紀(jì)末及20世紀(jì)初的美國(guó)和加拿大，包皮環(huán)切是用來代表一種醫(yī)藥文化。到70年代早期，加拿大約有40%、美國(guó)約有89%的新生兒施行包皮環(huán)切手術(shù)。

中國(guó)包皮環(huán)切百分率？

Cir-cum-cision:

Thesurgicalremovaloftheskinthatcoversthetipofthepenis.

DefinitionofCircumcision

Simple?Easy?Justcuttingtheforeskin?Oh,dear,herecomesyoursurgeonnow.

當(dāng)前，全世界大約四分之一的男人做過包皮環(huán)切術(shù)，大多集中于美國(guó)、加拿大、中東和亞洲穆斯林國(guó)家以及大部分非洲國(guó)家。

包皮環(huán)切的益處（1）排除包莖的危險(xiǎn)陰莖皮膚感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減少三倍嬰兒尿道感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減少十倍患陰莖癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低二十倍以上患前列腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低二倍經(jīng)性交感染HIV的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減少三倍

男性包皮環(huán)切顯著地降低男性在陰莖-陰道性交時(shí)獲得性HIV感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)包皮環(huán)切術(shù)與艾滋病毒傳播風(fēng)險(xiǎn)PattersonBK,LandayA,SiegelJN,etal.Susceptibilitytohumanimmunodeficiencyvirus-1infectionofhumanforeskinandcervicaltissuegrowninexplantculture.AmJPathol.2002Sep;161(3):867-73.SzaboR,ShortRV.HowdoesmalecircumcisionprotectagainstHIVinfection?BMJ.2000Jun10;320(7249):1592-4.WeissHA,ThomasSL,MunabiSK,HayesRJ.Malecircumcisionandriskofsyphilis,chancroid,andgenitalherpes:asystematicreviewandmeta-analysis.SexTransmInfect.2006Apr;82(2):101-9;discussion10.WeissHA,QuigleyMA,HayesRJ.MalecircumcisionandriskofHIVinfectioninsub-SaharanAfrica:asystematicreviewandmetaanalysis.AIDS.2000Oct20;14(15):2361-70.HistologyofpenisStainedforkeratinAyoub-ShklarmethodglansinnerforeskinouterforeskinProfessorR.V.ShortLangerhanscellinforeskinProfessorR.V.ShortLangerhanscellsantigen-presentingcellsingenitalandrectalmucosapossessCD4andCCR5receptorsforHIVbindtoHIV,migratetoregionallymphnode,infectT-cellspresentinnon-keratinizedepitheliumofinneraspectofforeskinprotectedfromHIVbykeratinizedepitheliumofglanspenisinuncircumcisedandcircumcisedmenProfessorR.V.ShortHIVHIVProfessorR.V.ShortFlacciduncircumcisedpenis.ErectuncircumcisedpeniswiththeforeskinretractedshowinglikelysitesofHIV-1entryMcCoombe&Short(2006)AIDS

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