教學(xué)山東省濱州市2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題課件：詞匯變化知識-

課題：詞匯變化知識（一）高三英語課題：詞匯變化知識（一）1復(fù)習(xí)專題14詞匯變化知識（一）復(fù)習(xí)專題14詞匯變化知識（一）2解讀高考《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2017）》明確指出：高中學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)和掌握英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識包括語音、詞匯、語法、功能和話題等五個方面的內(nèi)容?？疾閷W(xué)生對語法、詞匯和語用知識的掌握情況。語法填空更側(cè)重考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯在語境中的運用，強調(diào)詞匯的變形。解讀高考《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2017）》明確指出：高中學(xué)3技巧點撥語法填空中，當(dāng)空格處所需詞性與括號中所給詞的詞性不同時，就需要詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。我們可根據(jù)以下3條規(guī)則順利解題：1、作主語或賓語用名詞形式；2、作定語、表語或補足語用形容詞形式；3、修飾動詞、形容詞或另一副詞，作狀語，用副詞形式。技巧點撥語法填空中，當(dāng)空格處所需詞性與括號中所給詞的詞性不同4解題技巧第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定要填的詞在句中充當(dāng)哪種句子成分。在名詞前作定語、在系動詞后作表語、作主語和賓語的補足語，一般要用形容詞；修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，或修飾整個句子，作狀語，用副詞；作主語或賓語用名詞，或者在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，用名詞。第二步：根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法將括號中的詞變成所需要的詞性。注意事項：語法填空中注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，閱讀理解中還要考慮表示相反意義的詞的前綴或后綴，其邏輯意義才通順。解題技巧第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定要填的詞在句中充當(dāng)哪種句子成分5考點分布內(nèi)容形式2019全國卷Ⅰ2019全國卷Ⅱ2019全國卷Ⅲ2018全國卷Ⅰ2018全國卷Ⅱ2018全國卷Ⅲ2017全國卷Ⅰ2017全國卷Ⅱ2017全國卷Ⅲ2016全國卷Ⅰ2016全國卷Ⅱ2016全國卷Ⅲ形變副111111111比較級11111形變名1動變名1111111111名變形11111考點分布內(nèi)容形式2019全國卷Ⅰ2019全國卷Ⅱ2019全國6考點點撥形容詞→副詞形容詞→比較級/最高級形容詞→名詞動詞→名詞動詞/名詞→形容詞變動詞的前綴與后綴表示否定意義或相反意義的前綴與后綴考點點撥形容詞→副詞形容詞→比較級/最高級形容詞→名詞動詞→7要點一：形容詞變副詞①（2019·全國II卷）Heryearsofhardworkhave_____(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.②

(similar),whenRonWebsterborrowedabookfromthelibraryoftheUniversityofLiverpool,heforgottoreturnit,too.③(2019·江西紅色七校一聯(lián))Hesatdownandstarted

(gentle)talkingtothedog.④Andyouwill________(possible)findpropersolutionswiththehelpofyourschoolmates.gently

finally

Similarly

possibly

要點一：形容詞變副詞①（2019·全國II卷）Herye8要點一：形容詞變副詞⑤（20019·浙江）Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan

_____(easy)seethem.

⑥I’m___(true)sorrythatthingshadtoendlikethis.⑦Therehavebeensomeproblemsbut________(basic)it’sagoodsystem.truly

easily規(guī)則:1.一般情況直接加-ly;2.以輔音字母＋-y結(jié)尾，把y變i加-ly;3.以-le結(jié)尾，去e加-y;4.以元音字母＋e結(jié)尾，去e加-ly;5.以-able/-ible結(jié)尾，去e加-y;6.以-ll結(jié)尾；只加-y;7.以-ic結(jié)尾，加-ally。basically

要點一：形容詞變副詞⑤（20019·浙江）Whenthe9要點二：形容詞比較級和最高級①（2019·全國Ⅰ）Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare_____(high)thantheyactuallyare.②Thefilmis_____________(interest)thananyotheronethatIhaveeverseen.

③Themorehetalked,the______(angry)hebecame.highermoreinterestingangrier注意：少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)詞有兩種比較級和最高級，如：clever/simple規(guī)則:1.一般情況加-er或-est;2.以字母e結(jié)尾只加-r或-st;3.以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫這個輔音字母后再加-er或-est;4.以輔音字母+-y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變成i，再加-er或-est;5.其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞，在形容詞前加more或most.要點二：形容詞比較級和最高級①（2019·全國Ⅰ）Scien10要點三：形容詞變名詞①(2019·龍巖質(zhì)檢)MyEnglishimprovedalot;moreimportantly,Igainedmuch

(confident).②(2019·九江模擬)Thatlittleactof

(kind)madeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood—butitmademefeelthebestofall!③Asix-monthtrialfoundthatpayingpeopletocycletoworkdidincreasethenumberofpeopledoingso,butthe_______(major)hadbeenusingpublictransport,ratherthanprivatevehicles.confidencekindnessmajority要點三：形容詞變名詞①(2019·龍巖質(zhì)檢)MyEngli11后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage不足；短缺-cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency流利；流暢accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性private→privacy隱私；私密-y-ty-itydifficult→difficulty困難cruel→cruelty殘酷；殘暴safe→safety安全disable→disability無能；殘疾responsible→responsibility責(zé)任-domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom明智；智慧規(guī)則后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage12后綴例詞-cedifferent→difference差異silent→silence沉默-nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點kind→kindness仁慈；好意careless→carelessness粗心大意dark→darkness黑暗-thstrong→strength力氣；強項warm→warmth溫暖；熱情true→truth真相wide→width寬度規(guī)則后綴例詞-cedifferent→difference13挑戰(zhàn)記憶力1.differentadj.→__________n.2.shortadj.→__________n.3.strongadj.→__________n.4.trueadj.→__________n.5.disableadj.→__________n.6.accurateadj.→__________n.7.efficientadj.→__________n.8.wiseadj.→__________n.9.crueladj.→__________n.10.kindadj.→__________n.strengthshortagedifferencetruthdisabilityaccuracyefficiencywisdomcrueltykindness挑戰(zhàn)記憶力1.differentadj.→_______14要點四：動詞變名詞①(2019·全國卷I改編)Itleadstoa_____(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.②(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased

________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.③(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe__________(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.④(2019·河北定州中學(xué)模擬)Without

_________(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.pollutionintroductionhesitationbelief要點四：動詞變名詞①(2019·全國卷I改編)Itlead15后綴例詞-ion/-sion/-ationcorrect→_________改正attract→_________吸引conclude→________結(jié)論；結(jié)束decide→_______決定admit→________接納；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)invite→________邀請explain→________解釋expect→_________期望規(guī)則correctionattractiondecisionadmissioninvitationexplanationexpectationconclusion后綴例詞-ion/correct→_________16后綴例詞-er/-orteach→teacher老師announce→________播音員conduct→________指揮；售票員-mentpunish→punishment懲罰achieve→_________功績；成就argue→_______辯論；論據(jù)equip→equipment裝備；設(shè)備規(guī)則announcerconductorachievementargument后綴例詞-er/-orteach→teacher17后綴例詞-ance/-enappear→_________出現(xiàn)；外貌perform→performance表演；節(jié)目exist→________存在；生存prefer→_________偏愛-ure/-turefail→______失敗press→pressure壓力mix→mixture混合；混合物depart→_________離開；出發(fā)規(guī)則appearanceexistencepreferencefailuredeparture后綴例詞-ance/appear→_________18后綴例詞-yrecover→________恢復(fù)；痊愈discover→________發(fā)現(xiàn)其他choose→_______選擇vary→_______多樣化；種類tend→_______趨向；趨勢規(guī)則recoverydiscoverychoicevarietytendency后綴例詞-yrecover→________恢復(fù)；19小題狂練1.(2019·全國卷I)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen_____(poor)studied.2.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting_________(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere______(huge)popularwithtourists.3.(2018﹒浙江卷)Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein

______(weigh)problems.

4.(2017﹒全國Ⅰ)Even_____(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.5.(2020哈師天附中9月月考)Thesegrapesbringwealthaswellastheir_________(sweet)tothelocals.poorlycompetitionweightworsehugelysweetness小題狂練1.(2019·全國卷I)Itisdiffic20詞匯變化形變副形比較級最高級形變名動變名規(guī)則詞匯形變副形比較形變名動變名規(guī)則21制作單位：山東省博興第二中學(xué)錄制時間：2020年2月1日制作單位：山東省博興第二中學(xué)22課題：詞匯變化知識（一）高三英語課題：詞匯變化知識（一）23復(fù)習(xí)專題14詞匯變化知識（一）復(fù)習(xí)專題14詞匯變化知識（一）24解讀高考《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2017）》明確指出：高中學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)和掌握英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識包括語音、詞匯、語法、功能和話題等五個方面的內(nèi)容。考查學(xué)生對語法、詞匯和語用知識的掌握情況。語法填空更側(cè)重考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯在語境中的運用，強調(diào)詞匯的變形。解讀高考《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2017）》明確指出：高中學(xué)25技巧點撥語法填空中，當(dāng)空格處所需詞性與括號中所給詞的詞性不同時，就需要詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。我們可根據(jù)以下3條規(guī)則順利解題：1、作主語或賓語用名詞形式；2、作定語、表語或補足語用形容詞形式；3、修飾動詞、形容詞或另一副詞，作狀語，用副詞形式。技巧點撥語法填空中，當(dāng)空格處所需詞性與括號中所給詞的詞性不同26解題技巧第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定要填的詞在句中充當(dāng)哪種句子成分。在名詞前作定語、在系動詞后作表語、作主語和賓語的補足語，一般要用形容詞；修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，或修飾整個句子，作狀語，用副詞；作主語或賓語用名詞，或者在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格后，用名詞。第二步：根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法將括號中的詞變成所需要的詞性。注意事項：語法填空中注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，閱讀理解中還要考慮表示相反意義的詞的前綴或后綴，其邏輯意義才通順。解題技巧第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定要填的詞在句中充當(dāng)哪種句子成分27考點分布內(nèi)容形式2019全國卷Ⅰ2019全國卷Ⅱ2019全國卷Ⅲ2018全國卷Ⅰ2018全國卷Ⅱ2018全國卷Ⅲ2017全國卷Ⅰ2017全國卷Ⅱ2017全國卷Ⅲ2016全國卷Ⅰ2016全國卷Ⅱ2016全國卷Ⅲ形變副111111111比較級11111形變名1動變名1111111111名變形11111考點分布內(nèi)容形式2019全國卷Ⅰ2019全國卷Ⅱ2019全國28考點點撥形容詞→副詞形容詞→比較級/最高級形容詞→名詞動詞→名詞動詞/名詞→形容詞變動詞的前綴與后綴表示否定意義或相反意義的前綴與后綴考點點撥形容詞→副詞形容詞→比較級/最高級形容詞→名詞動詞→29要點一：形容詞變副詞①（2019·全國II卷）Heryearsofhardworkhave_____(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.②

(similar),whenRonWebsterborrowedabookfromthelibraryoftheUniversityofLiverpool,heforgottoreturnit,too.③(2019·江西紅色七校一聯(lián))Hesatdownandstarted

(gentle)talkingtothedog.④Andyouwill________(possible)findpropersolutionswiththehelpofyourschoolmates.gently

finally

Similarly

possibly

要點一：形容詞變副詞①（2019·全國II卷）Herye30要點一：形容詞變副詞⑤（20019·浙江）Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan

_____(easy)seethem.

⑥I’m___(true)sorrythatthingshadtoendlikethis.⑦Therehavebeensomeproblemsbut________(basic)it’sagoodsystem.truly

easily規(guī)則:1.一般情況直接加-ly;2.以輔音字母＋-y結(jié)尾，把y變i加-ly;3.以-le結(jié)尾，去e加-y;4.以元音字母＋e結(jié)尾，去e加-ly;5.以-able/-ible結(jié)尾，去e加-y;6.以-ll結(jié)尾；只加-y;7.以-ic結(jié)尾，加-ally。basically

要點一：形容詞變副詞⑤（20019·浙江）Whenthe31要點二：形容詞比較級和最高級①（2019·全國Ⅰ）Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare_____(high)thantheyactuallyare.②Thefilmis_____________(interest)thananyotheronethatIhaveeverseen.

③Themorehetalked,the______(angry)hebecame.highermoreinterestingangrier注意：少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)詞有兩種比較級和最高級，如：clever/simple規(guī)則:1.一般情況加-er或-est;2.以字母e結(jié)尾只加-r或-st;3.以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫這個輔音字母后再加-er或-est;4.以輔音字母+-y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變成i，再加-er或-est;5.其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞，在形容詞前加more或most.要點二：形容詞比較級和最高級①（2019·全國Ⅰ）Scien32要點三：形容詞變名詞①(2019·龍巖質(zhì)檢)MyEnglishimprovedalot;moreimportantly,Igainedmuch

(confident).②(2019·九江模擬)Thatlittleactof

(kind)madeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood—butitmademefeelthebestofall!③Asix-monthtrialfoundthatpayingpeopletocycletoworkdidincreasethenumberofpeopledoingso,butthe_______(major)hadbeenusingpublictransport,ratherthanprivatevehicles.confidencekindnessmajority要點三：形容詞變名詞①(2019·龍巖質(zhì)檢)MyEngli33后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage不足；短缺-cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency流利；流暢accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性private→privacy隱私；私密-y-ty-itydifficult→difficulty困難cruel→cruelty殘酷；殘暴safe→safety安全disable→disability無能；殘疾responsible→responsibility責(zé)任-domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom明智；智慧規(guī)則后綴例詞-ageshort→shortage34后綴例詞-cedifferent→difference差異silent→silence沉默-nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點kind→kindness仁慈；好意careless→carelessness粗心大意dark→darkness黑暗-thstrong→strength力氣；強項warm→warmth溫暖；熱情true→truth真相wide→width寬度規(guī)則后綴例詞-cedifferent→difference35挑戰(zhàn)記憶力1.differentadj.→__________n.2.shortadj.→__________n.3.strongadj.→__________n.4.trueadj.→__________n.5.disableadj.→__________n.6.accurateadj.→__________n.7.efficientadj.→__________n.8.wiseadj.→__________n.9.crueladj.→__________n.10.kindadj.→__________n.strengthshortagedifferencetruthdisabilityaccuracyefficiencywisdomcrueltykindness挑戰(zhàn)記憶力1.differentadj.→_______36要點四：動詞變名詞①(2019·全國卷I改編)Itleadstoa_____(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.②(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased

________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.③(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe__________(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.④(2019·河北定州中學(xué)模擬)Without

_________(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.pollutionintroductionhesitationbelief要點四：動詞變名詞①(2019·全國卷I改編)Itlead37后綴例詞-ion/-sion/-ationcorrect→_________改正attract→_________吸引conclude→________結(jié)論；結(jié)束decide→_______決定admit→________接納；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)invite→________邀請explain→________解釋expect→_________期望規(guī)則correctionattractiondecisionadmissioninvitationexplanationexpectationconclusion后綴例詞-ion/correct→_________38后綴例詞-er/-orteach→teacher老師announce→________播音員conduct→________指揮；售票員-mentpunish→punishment懲罰achieve→_________功績；成就argue→_______辯論；論據(jù)equip→equipment裝備；設(shè)備規(guī)則announcerconductorachievementargument后綴例詞-er/-orteach→teacher39后綴例詞-ance/-enappear→_