2021年高考英語全國卷1精校版

2021年高考英語全國卷一第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）ATrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainsservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty（失物招領(lǐng)）CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated（位于）atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable.B.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistanee,pleasecallQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains（outbound）DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22amWhatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?Call131617.B.V.au.C.AskatthelocalstationD.Checkthetrainschedule.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValleyWhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pmB.7:29pmC.8:57pmD.11:02pmBReturningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat'swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.TherearethreebooksIrereadannually.Thefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspring,isErnestHemingway'sAmoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating（令人陶醉的）,anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'HolytheFirmherpoetic1975ramble隨筆）abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighescurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.whatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeas?tA.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.Debt.B.Reward.C.Allowanee.D.Facevalue.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helovespoetry.B.He'saneditor.C.He'sveryambitious.D.Heteachesreading.CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接觸）withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes？A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It'slesschallengingphysically.C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts'opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.DoingregularexercisesWhichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical.B.ObjectiveC.Tolerant.D.Conservative.DTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenitastepfurther-changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater."We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（發(fā)光）inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetablesStrano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplantslifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff"switch"wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersourcec電源）-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission（傳輸）.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants'lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.37Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate（有同情心）response?"Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest."Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?Feelingupsetagain?Wheredoyoustart?Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.Remember,youareonlyhuman.ESetanintentionforself-acceptance.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The41isobvious.Ifwe42itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside43.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe44.Butourinsistingit's45awindowhaskeptthemfrom46millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.lwonderif49shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe50.Ihaveaverystrong51thattheliewe'retellingisdoing52damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave53metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin54theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust_56itandwonder,"Whatifitisn'tadoor?"Thatis,"Whatifitisn'ta57opportunity?"Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust59repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow."Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon't60toopenthemandwalkthrough.41.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case42.A.admitB.believeC.meanD.realize43.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually44.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth45.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly46.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting47.A.winoutB.giveupC.wakeupD.standout48.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact49.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers50.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences51.A.demandB.fearC.desireD.doubt52.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral53.A.traditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original54.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history55.A.bycomparisonwithB.inadditiontoC.regardlessofD.insteadof56.A.getholdofB.stareatC.knockonD.makeuseof57.A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited58.A.safetyruleB.comfortzoneC.bottomlineD.topsecret59.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept60.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探測器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess-61(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso65thefamiliarnearside.Chineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboard