英語標點的用法

英語標點的用法英語標點的用法英語標點的用法xxx公司英語標點的用法文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度l.Apostrophe上標點(')2.Comma逗號3.Colon冒號(:)4.Dash破折號(--)5.ExclamationPoint驚嘆號(!)6.Hyphen連字符(-)7.Parentheses括號8.Period句號(．)9.QuestionMark問號C)lO.QuotationMarks引號("…")11.Semicolon分號(;)l2.TripleDots刪節(jié)號(…)現(xiàn)將各種標點符號的用法分別說明如后:l.上標點(')(l)表示字母的省略。Can'tyoureadthoseroadsigns?(2)表示數(shù)字的省略。TodayisThursday,June1,'89.(3)表示字母的復數(shù)。Therearefives’sin“sleeplessness.”(4)表示單字的復數(shù)。Ourteachertoldusnottousesomanyso’s.(5)表示數(shù)字的復數(shù)。Her7’sand9’slookalike.(6)表示所有格。It’sViceBurn’sumbrella.2.逗號(，)(1)用在以and,but,for,nor,or,so,yet等連接詞連接的兩個主要子句之間。Myfatherisfondoffishing,butmymotherprefershiking.(2)在復合句中，如果附屬子句在前，主要子句在后，用在附屬子句之后。WhileIwasmakingatelephonecall,someoneknockedatmydoor．注意：如果主要子句在前，則不用逗號。(3)用以分開非限制形容詞子句與主要子句。Herfather,whoisafamousscholar,teachesEnglish.(4)用以分開非限制同位語。KentHoward,myEnglishteacher,isfromAmerica.(5)用在yes,no,well等字之后。(a)Yes,heisahard-workingstudent.(b)No,itisimpossible.(c)Well,youmaygoifyouinsist.(6)向人說話時，用在對方名字或稱謂之后，之前或前后。(a)John,comehere.(b)Openthedoor,John.(c)Itis,Sir,notmyfault.(7)用以分開引用句(a)“Youarebeautiful,”hesaid.(b)Ourteachersaid,“Freedomisnotlicense.”(c)“No,”shesaid,“Iwasjusttestingyourpatience.”(8)用以分開星期，月日，年份。OnSunday,May28,1989,herfirstchildwasborn.(9)用以分開地名、省名、國名、街道名、巷弄名等。Candylivesat4Alley10,Lane76,ChingHuaStreet,Section4,Taipei,(10)用以分開一系列的單字，詞組或子句。(a)Hermothersellstomatoes,potatoes,andpeaches.(b)Sheranupthestairs,acrosstheporch,andintothehouse.(c)Weallagreedthatshewasbeautiful,thatshewasintelligent,andthatshewasambitious.(11)用以表示字的省略。Thelionisthesymbolofcourage;thelamb,ofmeekness.(thelambisthesymbolofmeekness).(12)用在suchas及especially的前面。(a)Theyenjoyoutdoorsports,suchashikingandriding.(b)Helikesallextracurricularactivities,especiallybasketballplaying.(13)用以分開「乃此非彼」的結構。HewantedtoseeCliff,notSteve.(14)用在追問句之前。Itiswarmtoday,isn’tit?

3.冒號(：)(1)用在解釋或逐項列舉之前(在asfollows,thefollowingasthese或givenbelow之后)。(a)Iboughtthefollowingarticles:sheets,towels,andblankets．(b)Thetablelampconsistsofthreeparts:astand,abulb,andashade.(2)用在正式或事務信函中稱謂之后。DearSir:DearMr.Reagan:Gentlemen:注意:在非正式或交際信函中稱謂之后用逗號。DearMary,DearJohn,(3)用在數(shù)字之后，表示時間。Ourclassstartsat8:10a.m.andendsat12:00noon.(4)用在較長的引用句或正式問句之前。(a)Thisismyfavoritequotation:“Itisdifficulttosaywhatisimpossible,forthedreamofyesterdayisthehopeoftodayandrealityoftomorrow.”(b)Thequestionis:Whatcanwedoforourcountry?(5)用在講釋第一個主要子句的第二個主要句子之前。Herintentionisobvious:shewantstomarryhim.4.破折號(--)(1)表示猶豫，句意的暫時中斷,或思想的突然中斷。(a)I—Idon’tknow.You’dbetteraskher.(b)Theentireteachingfacilities—console,tapes,earphones,andtaperecorders—werestolenlastnight.(c)I’llgive—let’ssee,whatcanIgive?(2)用以強調(diào)同位語。Shehasonlyoneinterest—food.(3)用在結語之前。ProfessorChucollectspostagestamps,coins,seashells,matchboxes—inshort,anythingthatinterestshim.(4)用在未完成句之后。Shesaid,“Hewaseverythingtome,but--”5.驚嘆號(！)(1)用在以強烈情感說出的字句之后。(a)Whatasurprise!(b)Howbeautifulagirlsheis!(c)Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!(2)用在祈使句之后。(a)Help!Myhouseisonfire!(b)Bequiet!6.連字句(-)(1)用以表示分數(shù)或連接由21至99中的十位數(shù)及個位數(shù)。(a)Three-fourthsofthefreshmanstudentsaregirls.(b)Therearetwenty-twoboystudentandninety-eightgirlstudentsintheDepartmentofEnglish.(2)用在行末連接分寫的單字。HeisagraduatestudentofNationalChengchiUni-versity.(3)用以連接復合字中的各字。Wehadaheart-tohearttalklastnight.7.括號用來在句中附加評論或解釋。Isawthetwostudents(theyarelovers)kissingeachother.8.句號(.)(1)用在敘述句，祈使句及禮貌問句之后。(a)Iwishtoenteranidealuniversity.(b)Turninyourpapers,please.(c)Willyoupleasesendmeacopyofyouruniversitycatalogue.(2)用在間接問句之后。Sheaskedifyouwouldcometoherbirthdayparty.(3)用在縮寫名字和其他字的第一個字母之后，或縮寫字之后。(a)Prof.W.W.WanghasreturnedtoTaipei.(b)Dr.TangearnedhisPh.D.degreefromGeorgetownUniversityinWashington,D.C.(DistrictofColumbia).9.問號()(1)用在直接問句之后。DoyoufindEnglishwritingdifficult?(2)用在括號中表示存疑。Chaucerwasbornin1340()anddiedin1400.10.引號(“”)(1)用在引用句的前后。(a)Ourteachersaid,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”(b)“Idon’tlikeher,”sheexplained,“becausesheisfartooproud.”(2)如果引用句本身是敘述句而且位在一個問句之后，必須先用引號，再用問號。Didhesay,“Iamgoingtocollegenextyear”如果引用句本身是問句，則必須先用問號，再用引號。Didhesay,“Areyougoingtocollegenextyear”(3)引用文句有兩段或兩段以上時，只在每一段開始時和最后一段結束時用引號?！癕omandDaddidnotcomehomewiththembecauseSundaywasparents’dayoff;theboysdidthehouseworkandcookedthemealoftheweek,whileFatherandMotherstayedonforchurchservice.“Butbythetimedinerwasreadytheboyhadclimbedintobed.Theshoehadtobecutoffhisswollenanddiscoloredleg.Whyonearthhadn’thetoldsomebodyGoquickandfetchthedoctor!”(4)引用句中另有引用句時,用單引號表示Shesaid,“Iquiteagreetothesaying‘Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessonearth’.”注意：美式英文中，雙引號在外，單引號在內(nèi)，英式英文中恰好相反。11.分號(；)(1)用以連接兩個或兩個以上的主要子句。(a)Thesingularformismouse;thepluralformismice.(b)shemadeuphermind;shelaidherplans;shebeganhertrip.(2)用在連接兩個主要子句的連接副詞(consequently,however,moreover,nevertheless,so,still,then,therefore,thus,etc.)之前。Hedidnotpasstheexamination;therefore,hewasunhappy.(3)用在連接兩個主要子句的連接詞(and,but,or,nor,for)之前，當主要子句本身有逗號時。Henry,afreshman,livesathome;butKarl,hisbrother,doesnot.12.刪節(jié)號(…)用以表示引用句中省略的文字。如刪節(jié)號用在句尾，另加原句句尾的標點符號。InhisessayLUCKWinstonChurchillwrote:“Thelongeronelives,themoreonerealizesthateverythingdependsuponchance…aman’sowncontributiontohislifestoryiscontinuallybyanexternalsuperiorpower.”注意：英文中表示「等等」用etc.而不是用刪節(jié)號(…)。另外，需要注意以下情況：1、沒有標點符號難以了解的例句(a)Aftereatingthechildleftthetable乍看起來，好像是：「吃完那小孩以后…」。有了標點符號之后的句子是：Aftereating,thechildleftthetable.「吃完之后，那小孩離開了餐桌」。(b)Insidethedogwasgrowling乍看起來，好像是：「那