英語自然拼讀法

英語自然拼讀法英語自然拼讀法英語自然拼讀法xxx公司英語自然拼讀法文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度一、輔音字母的讀音規(guī)則1.c在字母e，i，y前讀/s/，如cell，ci’ty，cyst；其余情況下讀/K/，如cat，club，code.2.g在字母e，i，y前讀/?/，如gene，gin，gym；其余情況下讀/g/，如beg,golf,game.3.s多數(shù)情況下讀/s/，如six，desk，yes；有時讀/z/，如is，his，vis'it(讀/z/時可下畫一條橫線)。4.x處于兩元音字母之間，且其后元音重讀時，讀/gz/，如exist'；其余情況下讀/ks/，如six,next,excuse'.q讀/k/,如Ir?q',NASDAQ(股票名);常與字母u用在一起,qu讀/kw/,如quick,ques'tion.附：英語音標(biāo)單元音：i:ie???u?ɑ:?:u:?:雙元音：eiai?i?uaui?e?u?濁輔音：bdg?vez?dzmn?lrjw清輔音：ptk?fθs?tsh二、輔音字母組合的讀音規(guī)則1.ch,tch讀/?/，如Chi'na,much；catch,match2.ph,gh讀/f/，如pho'to,phone3.sh讀/?/，如shape,she,short,fish4.th多數(shù)情況下讀/θ/，如three,third但有時讀/e/,如that,than,with.(讀/e/時可下畫一線).5.wh在字母o前讀/h/,如who,whom,whose(其中的字母o讀/u:/)；其余情況下讀/w/，如which，when，why.6.dg,dj讀/?/，如judge，lodg'ing；adjust',ad'jective.7.n在和字母g構(gòu)成字母組合時，以及處于讀/g/或/k/的字母前（如c,g,k等）讀/?/。如long,thing,length；un'cle,zinc；an'gry,fin'ger；drink,think,thank.8.gu在元音前讀/g/，如guess,guide,guest；在字母n后讀/gw/，如lan'guage，distin'guish，lin'guist.字母n因為處于/g/音前而讀/?/.9.兩個讀同一個音的字母并列時,只讀一個,如lit'tle,miss,hill,hob'by；clock,neck,black；scene,sci'ence,scythe,excite',except'；accord'ing,accuse',occur'.三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音規(guī)則英語中有四類重讀音節(jié)：閉音節(jié)，開音節(jié)，r音節(jié)，re音節(jié)。1.閉音節(jié)指以輔音字母結(jié)尾的音節(jié)。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重讀閉音節(jié)中分別讀/?//e//i//?//?/,如hand,help,lip,gym,hot,club.2.開音節(jié)指以元音字母、‘元音字母+啞e’或‘一個輔音字母+啞e’結(jié)尾的音節(jié)。后者也叫約定開音節(jié).元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重讀開音節(jié)中分別讀/ei//i://ai//?u//ju:/(即讀字母名稱，但y讀/ai/)。如：a,face,make,age;he,mete,see,eve;I,hi,by,bye,time,type;go,home,stone,toe;cube,tube,use.但字母u在字母j，l，r后，讀/u:/,不讀/ju:/，如June,blue,rule.3.r音節(jié)指以字母r或‘r+輔音字母’結(jié)尾的音節(jié)。在r音節(jié)中：ar讀/ɑ:/,or讀/?:/,er,ir,yr,ur都讀/?:/。如：arm,far,start,large,Marx；or,for,cord,or'der；verb,her,serve；sir,first,dirt'y,cir'cle,myr'tle；hurt,nurse,return',mur'mur.注1．雙r前的音節(jié)，是閉音節(jié)，不是r音節(jié)。如：car'ry,mar'ry,ber'ry,mir'ror,sor'ry,hur'ry.注2．在/w/音后，ar讀/?:/,如war,warm,warn；or讀/?:/,如word,work,world,worse.4.re音節(jié)指元音字母與re結(jié)合而成的音節(jié)。在re音節(jié)中：are讀/e?/，ere讀/i?/，ire,yre讀/ai?/，ore讀/?:/,ure讀/ju?/。如：care,dare,rare,hare,prepare'；here,mere,severe'；fire,wire,tire,entire',tyre；more,fore,core,before'；cure,pure,endure'四、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音規(guī)則1.a,o,u讀/?/，如Chi'na,sec'ond,dif'ficult.2.e,i,y讀/i/,如result',vic'tim,hap'py.3.ar,er,ir,or,ur,yr讀/?/,如gram'mar,let'ter,circum'ference,doc'tor,mur'mur,mar'tyr,persist',west'ern,east'ern.4.o,u處于詞末時分別讀/?u/,/ju:/(即不弱化，按重讀音節(jié)規(guī)則讀)。如car'go,Ne'gro；men'u.5.u在多音節(jié)詞中，緊鄰重讀音節(jié)時，讀/ju/(即輕度弱化)。如reg'ular,pop'ular,mon'ument.6.a,i,y,u在多音節(jié)動詞中，處于約定開音節(jié)結(jié)尾中，按重讀音節(jié)讀。如i'solate,ad'vertise,an'alyse,sub'stitute.7.y在多音節(jié)動詞詞末不弱化，讀/ai/。如：sat'isfy,mal'tiply,oc'cupy五、元音字母組合的讀音規(guī)則1.au,aw讀/?:/,如cause,au'ral,launch,sauce,law,dawn.2.eu,ew(iew)讀/ju:/,如neu'tral,deuce；new,view,review'.3.ou,ow讀/au/,如house,loud；how,now,down.4.ai,ay讀/ei/,如wait,aid；day,may.5.ei,ey讀/ei/,如veil,weig?h?t；grey,they,convey'6.oi,oy讀/?i/,如choice,oil；boy,toy.7.ea,ee讀/i:/,如eat,cheap；deep,need.8.ie,(c)ei讀/i:/,如field,believe'；receive',ceil'ing.9.oa讀/?u/,如road,soap,boat.10.ue讀/ju:/,如Tues’day,val'ue,pursue'.11.air,aer讀/e?/,如air,fair;aer'ial,aer'oplane?.12.ear,eer讀/i?/如ear,clear；beer,deer.13.our讀/au?/如our,sour,h?our.14.oo1.讀/u/:在字母k前（book,look,took）和在good,foot,stood,wood,wool及其派生詞(good'ness,foot'ball,wool'en等)中讀/u/。2.讀/u:/:在其余情況下讀/u:/,如:cool,food,loose,room,zoo.3.讀/?/:在flood，blood及其派生詞（flood'ing,blood'less等）中讀/?/15.igh讀/ai/,如high,light,might,night.16.augh,ough讀/?:/,如daugh'ter,caught,taught；ought,fought,thought。17.oul在could,should,would中讀/u/。六、幾個非重讀后綴或字母組合的讀音規(guī)則1.a在后綴-ace，-ade，-age，-ate中讀/i/，如pal'ace,com'rade,vil'lage,ac'curate.2.e在后綴-el,-en,-ent,-ence,-ency中讀/?/,如cru'el,o’pen,stu'dent,si'lence,flu'ency.3.i在后綴-ible中讀/?/,如pos'sible.4.ai,ay,ei,ey在非重讀音節(jié)中一般弱讀為/i/,如moun'tai?n,Fri'day?,for'feit,val'ley?.5.-ful讀/ful/,如help'ful,harm'ful,use'ful.6.-gue讀/g/,如di'alogue,cat'alogue.7.-que讀/k/,如cheque,pic'turesque'.8.-ous讀/?s/,如fa'mous,gen'erous,nerv'ous.9.-our讀/?/,如fa'vour,h?on'our,la'bour.10.-ure讀/?/,如fig'ure,in'jure.但在fail'ure中讀/j?/.11.-ow讀/?u/,如win'dow,yel'low,pil'low.12.-ture讀/??/,如pic'ture,cul'ture,fur'niture.13.-sure在元音字母后讀/??/,如clo'sure,expo'sure.在輔音字母后讀/??/，如pres'sure,flex'ure(x=ks).14.-ion讀/?n/,如fash'ion,cu?sh'ion.15.-tion讀/??n/如na'tion,produc'tion,solu'tion.16.-stion讀/s??n/,如ques'tion,suges'tion,diges'tion.17.-sion在元音字母后讀/??n/，如v?'sion,occa'sion,div?'sion；在輔音字母后讀/??n/，如discus'sion,impres'sion,expan'sion.18.-ce,-ci,-si,-ti,-xi在字母a,e,o前讀/?/，如：o'cean；so'cial；A'sia；par'tial；Egyp'tian；suff?'cient；pa'tient；pr?'cious；Rus'sian；an'xious.19.-i在字母d,t,n,l后，且在元音字母前，讀/j/。如au'dience,fron'tier,opin'ion,famil'?ar.20.-ed（過去式后綴）在清輔音后讀/t/,如：worked,jumped,missed.在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/,如：robbed,begged；played,stud'ied.在字母d，t后讀/id/,如：need'ed,pl?nt'ed.21.-(e)s(名詞或動詞詞尾)在清輔音后讀/s/,如：desks,lamps,looks.在濁輔音和元音后讀/z/,如：pigs,pens,plays,goes.在/?,?,?,z,s/等音后讀/iz/,如：urg'es,watch'e