英語(yǔ)倒裝句詳解

英語(yǔ)倒裝句詳解英語(yǔ)倒裝句詳解英語(yǔ)倒裝句詳解xxx公司英語(yǔ)倒裝句詳解文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度倒裝句詳解概念：用以表示一定句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要和強(qiáng)調(diào)某一句子成分的需要,分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝.一.完全倒裝：句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前.此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí).1.以here,there,now,then等副詞或out,in,up,down,away等表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首以示強(qiáng)調(diào),句子要全部倒裝,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用come,go,be,lie,run,rush等.2.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)AbeautifullakeliesatthefootofthehillAtthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.注意：在上述句子中,如果主語(yǔ)為人稱(chēng)代詞,則主、謂不需要倒裝.Inhecameandbackhewentagain.Awayhewent.二.部分倒裝：be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前到主語(yǔ)的前面.Isamarewaswere（be動(dòng)詞）dodoesdid（助動(dòng)詞）cancouldwouldmaywillmight（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）等1.only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí),要進(jìn)行部分倒裝.OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.注：only修飾主語(yǔ),仍用自然語(yǔ)序,如：OnlysocialismcansaveChina.Iseldomgotothecinema.倒裝：SeldomdoIgotothecinema.我很少去看電影．Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.倒裝：NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)這樣的表演．2.否定副詞及介詞短語(yǔ)的否定詞位于句首時(shí).高考?？嫉倪@類(lèi)詞或詞語(yǔ)有：never,not,seldom,hardly,little,nowhere,bynomeans,innotime等.3.notuntil引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首引起的主句部分倒裝Hedidn’tfinishhishomeworkuntilhismothercameback.倒裝：Notuntilhismothercamebackdidhefinishhishomework.直到他的媽媽回來(lái),他才完成作業(yè).Themotherdidn’tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.倒裝：Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.等到孩子睡著了,媽媽才離開(kāi)房間．注意：當(dāng)Notuntil引出主從復(fù)合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝.4、as/though(雖然,盡管）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句名詞\形容詞\副詞\分詞+as\though+主語(yǔ)+其他AlthoughIamugly,Iamgentle.倒裝：UglyasIam,Iamgentle.Thoughheisachild,hehastomakealiving.倒裝：Childasheis,hehastomakealiving.注意：從句的表語(yǔ)是名詞,其名詞前不加任何冠詞5.用于sonorneither開(kāi)頭的句子A、So+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)某人也是如此Nor/neither+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)某人也不是如此1).他喜歡讀書(shū),我也是．Helikesreadingverymuch.SodoI.2).我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)廣州大學(xué),他也是．IhaveneverbeentoGuangzhouUniversity,neither/norhashe.Bettyisanicegirl.SosheisB、So+主語(yǔ)+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞某人確實(shí)如此6.在hardly/scarcely/…when；nosooner…than;notonly…butalso；so...that;such…that的倒裝句中,前倒后不倒.hardly/scarcely/nosooner后句子的謂語(yǔ)用haddone,when/than后句子的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)Hardly/Scarcelyhadhefallenasleepwhenaloudknockatthedoorawakedhim.(2)NosoonerhadIreachedthestationthantrainmoved.(3)Notonlyisheinterestedinfootballbutalsoheplaysitwell.(4)SoharddoesheworkthathehasmadegreatprogressinEnglish.7.If虛擬條件從句中.從句有(were/should/had)1）IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.倒裝：WereIyou,Iwouldworkhard.2)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.倒裝:Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.3）Ifhehadfollowedmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.倒裝：Hadhefollowedmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.8.May置句首,表示祝愿.Mayyousucceed.祝你成功！補(bǔ)充知識(shí)1.全部倒裝全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前.此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí).常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)有：1)here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be,come,go,lie,run等表示來(lái)去或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞.Thencamethechairman.那時(shí)總裁來(lái)了.Hereisyourletter.你的信.2)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首,謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞.Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.轟炸機(jī)肚底下竄出一枚導(dǎo)彈.Aheadsatanoldwoman.前面坐著一個(gè)老嫗.注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞,如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞則不能完全倒裝.Herehecomes.他來(lái)了.Awaytheywent.他們走開(kāi)了.2.部分倒裝部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前.如果句子的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前.1.句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ),如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime決不,innoway,notuntil…等.NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.從未見(jiàn)過(guò)如此糟糕的表演.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.無(wú)論如何你不會(huì)找到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案的.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母親一直到孩子入睡后離開(kāi)房間.2.當(dāng)Notuntil引出主從復(fù)合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝.注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝.Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.---neverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidn\'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.---notuntilthechildfellasleepthemotherdidleavetheroom.改寫(xiě)為正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)?Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.現(xiàn)在將not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了.3.以否定詞開(kāi)頭作部分倒裝如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than等,要倒裝.Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他沒(méi)有收下禮物,還狠狠批評(píng)了送禮的人.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.她剛出門(mén),就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.她剛出門(mén),就有個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)訪.4.so,neither,nor作部分倒裝用這些詞表示\"也\"、\"也不\"的句子要部分倒裝.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.湯姆會(huì)講法語(yǔ),杰克也會(huì).Ifyouwon\'tgo,neitherwillI.你不去,我也不去.注意：當(dāng)so引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu).意為\"的確如此\".TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.湯姆邀我去踢球,我去了.---It\'sraininghard.---Soitis.雨下得真大.是呀.5.only在句首倒裝的情況.Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.只有這樣,你才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ).Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.叫了三次,他才來(lái)參加會(huì)議.如果句子為主從復(fù)合句,則主句倒裝,從句不倒裝.Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得狠重時(shí),他才臥床休息.6.as,though引導(dǎo)的倒裝句as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞,副詞,分詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）.但需注意：1）句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞.2）句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后.如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.他工作很努力,但總不能讓人滿意.注意：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,有though,although時(shí),后面的主句不能有but,但是though和yet可連用.7.其他部分倒裝1）so…that句型中的so位于句首時(shí),需倒裝.Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很,動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng).2）在某些表示祝愿的句型中.例如：Mayyouallbehappy.愿你們都快樂(lè).3）在虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were,had,should等詞,可將if省略,把were,had,should移到主語(yǔ)之前,采取部分倒裝.例如：WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.我是你的話,就再試一次.深化拓展一、全倒裝：五全=有時(shí)表地方經(jīng)常與be/come/exist/fall/follow/go/remain/seem/stand（表示移動(dòng)或動(dòng)態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞連用）或用表示類(lèi)似存在觀念的其他不及物動(dòng)詞如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等1、有：在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)里Thereisaboxonthetable.桌子上面有一個(gè)盒子.2、時(shí)：表示時(shí)間副詞,如：now,then,Nowcomesyourturn.現(xiàn)在輪到你了.3、表：表語(yǔ)放句子前,表語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)PresentatthepartywereMr.Greenandmanyotherguests.格林先生和其他的客人在這個(gè)聚會(huì)上.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmen.一群年輕人坐在了地上.4、地：地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放在句首Insouthoftheriverliesasmallfactory.小工廠位于河的南方.Fromthevalleycameacry.山谷傳來(lái)一陣哭聲.5、方：表方位的副詞here,there或out,in,up,down,away,off等標(biāo)志詞放在句首Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.房子前面有一大片麥田.OffallthelightswentwhenIcamein.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),所有的燈都滅了.二、半倒裝：八部=不只讓步也常需（虛）如此祝福1、不表示否定①no,not,never,hardly,no,not,never,hardly,barely,seldom,rarely,scarcely,nolonger,nowhereNeverhaveIbeentoBeijing.我從沒(méi)有沒(méi)有去過(guò)北京.②絕不：atntime,innoway,bynomeans,onnoaccount,innocase,in/undernocircumstanceAtnotimecanwegiveup.我們決不能放棄.③Notuntil...:直到NotuntilmymothercamehomedidIgotobed.知道我媽媽回家我才睡覺(jué).④Hardly/Scarcely...(過(guò)完）...when...（一過(guò)）...:一...就...Nosooner...(過(guò)完）...than...（一過(guò)）...:一...就...Hehadhardlygothomewhenithappenedtorain.=Hadhehardlygothomewhenithappenedtorain.他一到家碰巧就下雨了.⑤Notonly......butalso......:（前倒后不倒）Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他沒(méi)有收下禮物,還狠狠批評(píng)了送禮的人2、只：only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句子開(kāi)頭時(shí).OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.只有到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了.Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourmistake.只有用這樣的方法你可以從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí).Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.只有當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)于1918年結(jié)束時(shí)候,他才能夠快樂(lè)地回到工作當(dāng)中.※當(dāng)only之后所接的不是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不可以用倒裝OnlyComradeZhangknowsaboutthematter..只有張同志知道這件事.3、讓步：as/though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要倒裝（形/副/名/動(dòng)+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）Proudastheyare,theyareafraidtoseeme.盡管他們自豪,但是他們還怕見(jiàn)到我.Childasheis,h