2022年廣東省陽江市高二上學期期末調(diào)研測試英語試題

2021-2022學年廣東省陽江市高二上學期期末調(diào)研測試英語試

題考試時間：120分鐘注意事項：.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AGermanyistheleaderoftheworld'swaste-recyclingrace.Thecountryhasquiteadetailedwayofsortingtheirwaste-downtothecolorofglasswaste,thetypeofpaper,theseparatebinformetals,etc.HerebelowarewhatyoushouldknowaboutGermany'swastesortingsystem:Youareexpectedtogatheryourwasteinyourapartment/housingarea'slocalpublicgarbagebins.TherearecommonlyseveraltypesofpublicgarbagebinsavailableintheGerman'sapartment/housingarea:Bluebin—forpaperandcardboardGreenandwhitebin—forglass,differentbinsfordifferentlycoloredglass,notavailableforholidaydecorationsandlightsYellow/orangebin—forplasticandmetalsBrownbin—forgoodsthatcanbechangednaturallybybacteriaintosubstancesthatdon'tharmtheenvironment,likeleftovers,fruitandvegetablesGray/blackbin-foreverythingelsethatcan'tberecycledsuchasusedcatlitterandanimalwasteSomeitemsdon'tbelonginthesepublicgarbagebins.Itemslikeusedbatteries,electronics,unusedpaints,andlightsmustbereturnedtothespecialagents/locationssotheycanbeproperlyrecycled.Otheritemssuchasclothes,shoes,andoversizedrubbishandfurnitureareadvisedtobedonatedorsold.There'sthisthingcalledPfandinGermany,acertainpartofthepriceforabottleddrinkthatyougetbackifyousendbackthebottletocertifiedshops.Germanlawrequiresshopsoveracertainsizesellingbottleddrinks

haveaPfandruckgabestelle,orplaceforbottleswithdeposits.Thesebottlesusuallymadeofglassorplasticwillberefilled.Ofcourse,there'restricthealthregulations.1.Whichbinshouldtheabandonedpetfoodbeclassifiedinto?A.Thebluebin.C.Thebrownbin.A.Thebluebin.C.Thebrownbin.HowcanGermansdealwithalargeoldsofa?A.Bygivingitawaytothoseinneed.C.Byreturningittospecialagents.WhatisthefunctionofPfand?Ensuringthecleanlinessofrefilledbottles.C.Reducingtheuseofnon-recyclablebottles.【答案】l.C2.A3.B【解析】Thegrey/blackbin.D.Thegreenandwhitebin.B.Byplacingitinaspecificlocation.D.BydonatingittoaPfandruckgabestelle.B.Encouragingconsumerstoreturnbottles.D.Havingshopsreuseplasticorglassbottles.【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了德國是如何進行垃圾分類和回收的?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)aBrownbin"部分關(guān)鍵句"forgoodsthatcanbechangednaturallybybacteriaintosubstancesthatdon'tharmtheenvironment,likeleftovers,fruitandvegetables"（對于那些可以被細菌自然轉(zhuǎn)化為對環(huán)境無害的物質(zhì)的物品，如吃剩的食物、水果和蔬菜）可知，棕色垃圾桶用來回收那些可以被細菌自然轉(zhuǎn)化為對環(huán)境無害的物質(zhì)的物品，如吃剩的食物、水果和蔬菜等，被丟棄的寵物食品應該屬于吃剩的食物，可以被細菌自然轉(zhuǎn)化為對環(huán)境無害的物質(zhì)，由此可知，被丟棄的寵物食品應歸入棕色垃圾桶。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句"Otheritemssuchasclothes,shoes,andoversizedrubbishandfurnitureareadvisedtobedonatedorsold."（建議捐贈或出售衣服、鞋子、超大垃圾和家具等其他物品。）可知，在德國，建議將衣服、鞋子、超大垃圾和家具等物品捐贈或出售，大的舊沙發(fā)屬于舊家具，由此可知，德國人會把大的舊沙發(fā)捐贈給那些有需要的人。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句"There'sthisthingcalledPfandinGermany,acertainpartofthepriceforabottleddrinkthatyougetbackifyousendbackthebottletocertifiedshops.”（在德國有一種叫做Pfand的東西，它是瓶裝飲料價格的一部分，如果你把瓶子送回經(jīng)過認證的商店，你會得到它。）可知，Pfand是瓶裝飲料價格的一部分，如果你把飲料瓶子送回經(jīng)過認證的商店，就會得到這部分錢，這是一種鼓勵消費者退回瓶子的方法，由此可推斷出，Pfand的功能是鼓勵消費者退回瓶子。故選B項。Beijingsetatargettohold"high-techWinterGames,,afteritwonthebidtohostthe2022WinterOlympics.Soonafter,China'sMinistryofScienceandTechnologywasmadetheleadingpartytoprovidetechnicalsupportfortheGames.Incollaborationwithrelevantparties,itdrewupthe“ActionPlanforScienceandTechnologyattheWinterOlympics,theresultsofwhichwereappliedinthisyear'stestevents.“DuringthetesteventsinFebruaryandAprilthisyear,wetestedandapplied133typesoftechsinanumberofkeyareas.SinceOctober,another228piecesoftechnologieshavebeentestedandappliedintestevents,athletetrainingschedulesandprepworkforthewintergames,“saidWuYuanbin,directoroftheministry'sSocialScientificDevelopmentDepartment,duringapressconference.FortheGamesnextyear,high-techwillbeappliedforfourproposes:supportCOVID-19measures,reducecarbonemissions,ensurethesafetyoftheeventsandcreateabetterviewingexperiencefortheviewers.Toachievetheseresults,anumberofnewandexperimentaltechswillbeused,including5Gandhydrogenvehicles.“Themuch-anticipated5Gsignalswillcoverallvenues,includingtheroadsthatconnectthem.Thiswillprovidenetworkconnectivityfbrapplicationssuchasultra-high-definitionvideoandsmartservices.EightyhydrogenvehiclesweretestedinZhangjiakou.AndduringtheWinterGames,morethan700hydrogenbuseswillbestationedinYanqingandZhangjiakoutoprovidetransportation,''saidYuHong,directoroftheTechnicalDepartmentofBeijing2022OrganizingCommittee.Thetargetofhostinghigh-techOlympicsisn'tjustfbrtheconvenienceofthousandsofparticipantsduringthisevent.TheorganizingcommitteeoncesaidtheywishtousetheGamesasanexperimentalmodelthatcouldhelptheworldbuildfuturesmartcitiesthatwouldbenefitresidents,industriesandtheenvironment.Whichdepartmentischieflyresponsibletoprovidetechnicalsupport?Beijing2022OrganizingCommittee.TheSocialScientificDevelopmentDepartment.TheMinistryofScienceandTechnologyofChina.TheTechnicalDepartmentofBeijing2022OrganizingCommittee.AccordingtoWu,howmanykindsoftechnologieshavebeentestedandapplied?A.95. B.228. C.361. D.456.WhichsceneisLEASTlikelytobeseenduringthecomingevent?TheathletestakehydrogenbusestoandfromtheOlympicsites.AccurateCOVID-19Testingismadewiththesupportofhigh-tech.Thecarbonemissionsrisegreatlyasaresultoftheapplicationofhigh-tech.Theaudienceenjoyabetterviewofgameswithultra-high-definitionvideos.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?5Gsignalswillcoverallvenuesatthe2022WinterOlympics.Beijing2022organizerspromisehigh-tech,green,safeevent.BeijingsetatargettoholdthebestWinterGameswithfullpassion.TheworldwillbuildmoresmartcitieswiththehelpofBeijing2022.【答案】4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要以“2022北京冬奧會”為話題，講述了2022年北京冬奧會重視和踐行綠色環(huán)保理念，其籌備工作完美詮釋了科技創(chuàng)新、綠色低碳、安全節(jié)能理念與奧運精神的結(jié)合?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Soonafter,China'sMinistryofScienceandTechnologywasmadetheleadingpartytoprovidetechnicalsupportfortheGames.（不久之后，中國科技部成為為奧運會提供技術(shù)支持的領(lǐng)導單位。）”可知，中國科技部主要負責提供技術(shù)支持。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段引號中吳的說話內(nèi)容**DuringthetesteventsinFebruaryandAprilthisyear,wetestedandapplied133typesoftechsinanumberofkeyareas.SinceOctober,another228piecesoftechnologieshavebeentestedandappliedintestevents,athletetrainingschedulesandprepworkforthewintergames…（在今年2月和4月的測試活動中，我們在多個關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域測試和應用了133種技術(shù)。自10月以來，又有228項技術(shù)在測試項目、運動員訓練計劃和冬奧會準備工作中進行了測試和應用……）”可知，133（二月四月測試運用）+228（十月測試運用）=361,因此，有361種技術(shù)已經(jīng)被測試和應用。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容"FortheGamesnextyear,high-techwillbeappliedforfourproposes:supportCOVID-19measures,reducecarbonemissions,ensurethesafetyoftheeventsandcreateabetterviewingexperiencefortheviewers」對于明年的奧運會，高科技將應用于四項建議：支持COVID-19措施，減少碳排放，確保賽事的安全，為觀眾創(chuàng)造更好的觀看體驗。）”可知，高科技將應用于疫情防護，減少碳排放，賽事安保,保障觀賽體驗，因此推斷C項"Thecarbonemissionsrisegreatlyasaresultoftheapplicationofhigh-tech.（由于高科技的應用，碳排放大大增加。）”為不可能發(fā)生。故選C項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章首段內(nèi)容“Incollaborationwithrelevantparties,itdrewupthe“ActionPlanforScienceandTechnologyattheWinterOlympics,''theresultsofwhichwereappliedinthisyear'stestevents.（與有關(guān)方面共同制定了《冬季奧運會科技行動計劃》，并將其成果應用于今年的測試項目。）”揭示了文章的話題，即，文章主要圍繞北京2022冬奧會的科技行動計劃進行了介紹，講述了其科技創(chuàng)新、綠色低碳、安全節(jié)能的理念和籌備工作。選項B“Beijing2022organizerspromisehigh-tech,green,safeevent.（北京2022年冬奧會的組織者承諾將舉辦高科技、綠色、安全的賽事。）”貼合主旨。故選B項。CRichardBransonreachedtheedgeofspaceandsafelyreturnedtoEarth.Thetripmarksaturningpointinhismulti-decadeeffortstohelpcreateaspace-tourismindustry.ThespacetripthatMr.BransonandfiveothercrewmemberscompletedonSundaymorningonaVirginGalacticHoldingsInc.rocketplaneprovesthecompany'sabilitytosafelytakepassengerstoandfromspace.VirginGalactic,thecompanyMr.Bransonfounded,planstostartcommercialservicenextyear,chargingpassengershundredsofthousandsofdollarseachforsuchfights.Thetestflightwasaimedatevaluatingsystemsandthepassenger'sexperience,aswellasprovidingadditionalevidenceforitssafety.Vehiclesdevelopedbyprivatespacecompanieshavebeentestedasmallpartofthenumberoftimescomparedwiththeplanesusedbyairlines."We'reheretomakespacemoreaccessibletoall,"Mr.BransonsaidSundayafterlanding.Theflightisacombinedeffortofcompaniesandinvestors（投資者）todevelopbusinessesbasedonhumanspaceflight,longcontrolledbygovernmentspaceagencies.VirginGalactichassaiditplanstostartpaying-passengerspacefightsin2022.Thecompanyhasreported600reservationsforfutureflightsbackedby$80millionindeposits（保證金）.Thecompanyhasn'tannouncedhowmuchitwillchargeforticketswhenitstartssellingthemagain,butpricesarelikelytobeoutofreachformostpeopleforsometime."ElonMusk,chairmanofTeslaMotorsandSpaceX,isoneoftheticketholders,,,aVirginGalacticspokesmansaid.KerrianneFlynn,aVirginGalacticcustomer,saidshesignedupinDecember2011foraspaceflight.Shewasunsurewhenshewouldeventuallygettomakethetripbutaddedthewaitwasworthit.Shesaid,“There'sgoingtobenothinglikegoingupthere.Whichofthefollowingisthepurposeofthetestflight?A.Tochangetherocketplane'ssystems. B.Toprovidemoreevidenceforitssafety.C.Toincreasethepassenger'sexperience. D.lbdefeatotherplanesinthenumberoftestingtimes.WhatdoweknowaboutVirginGalactic?A.Itstartedcommercialservicelastyear B.ElonMuskisoneofitsinvestorsC.Governmentspaceagenciestakechargeofit. D.ItisaspacecompanyfoundedbyMr.Branson.WhatcanweinferaboutKerrianneFlynninthelastparagraph?Thepriceofthespaceflightisoutofherreach.Sheisunsurewhetherthetriptospaceisworthy.SheislookingforwardtoreachingspaceasatouristSheparticipatedinthetestflightasoneofthecrewmembers.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SpaceTravelWillBeCommonintheNearFutureB.SpaceTourismIndustryWinsGreatPopularityC.Branson'sSpaceTripOpensDoortoSpaceTourismD.Branson'sVirginGalacticFlightIsaGreatSuccess【答案】8.B 9.D10.C11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了VirginGalactic航空公司開啟了太空旅游的大門?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetestflightwasaimedatevaluatingsystemsandthepassenger'sexperience,aswellasprovidingadditionalevidenceforitssafety."（試飛的目的是評估系統(tǒng)和乘客的體驗，并為其安全性提供額外的證據(jù)）可知，試飛的目的是為了其安全性提供額外的證據(jù)。選項B與文意相符，故選B。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"VirginGalactic,thecompanyMr.Bransonfounded,planstostartcommercialservicenextyear,chargingpassengershundredsofthousandsofdollarseachforsuchfighls.”（布蘭森先生創(chuàng)立的維珍銀河公司，計劃明年開始商業(yè)服務，對于像這樣的飛行向乘客每人收取數(shù)十萬美元的費用）可知，VirginGalactic是布蘭森先生創(chuàng)立的航空公司。選項D與文意相符，故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段KerrianneFlynn的話“There'sgoingtobenothinglikegoingupthere."（沒有什么比進入太空更好的了）可推知，她對太空之游充滿期待。選項C與文意相符，故選C。[11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段前兩句"RichardBransonreachedtheedgeofspaceandsafelyreturnedtoEarth.Thetripmarksaturningpointinhismulti-decadeeffortstohelpcreateaspace-tourismindustry.w（理查德?布蘭森到達太空邊緣，安全返回地球。此行標志著他數(shù)十年來幫助創(chuàng)建太空旅游業(yè)努力的轉(zhuǎn)折點）可知，這標志著其開始創(chuàng)建太空旅行的轉(zhuǎn)折點。最后一段中提到的簽約太空飛行的KerrianneFlynn,可知，本文主要講述了VirginGalactic航空公司開啟了太空旅游的大門。選項C與文意相符，故選C。DOneofmyearliestmemoriesstartedwithmesobbing.Mumtookoutanoldsheetofwrappingpaperandbegantofoldit.Soon,apapertigerstoodonthetable."Tiger!”saidmom.IwasfascinatedbyTigerandstoppedcrying.Mumstartedtomakepapertoysandwouldleavethemonthebreakfasttableforme.Oneday,whenIwasplayingwithTiger,myneighbor,aboyaroundmyageasked,"What'sthis?”"It'sapapertiger.Mymummadeit!”Irepliedproudly.4€Yourmummakesyoutoysfromrubbish?^^hecriedindisbelief.IhadneverthoughtofTigerasthat.Lookingatitnow,IfoundTiger'sbodypatched（修補）alloverwithtape.IhidTigerinmypocketsheepishly.Thenextdayatschool,theotherchildrenwhisperedastheystaredatme."Doyoureallyplaywithrubbish?Don'tyouhaveanynormaltoys?”Someoneshouted.Thechildrenroaredwithlaughter.Itriedtoslipawaybutfelltotheground.When1gothome,IputTigerandallthepaperanimalsintoabigboxandhiditintheattic（閣樓）.WhenIsawMum'snewcreation,apapergiraffe,Iknockeditintothebin.Ishoutedather,"I'mnotababyanymore!**Fromthatdayon,Mum'screationsstoppedappearingonthebreakfasttable.Yearslater,whilepreparingforourclassgraduationphotoshoot,someonesuggestedposingwithatreasuredchildhooditem.Ithensearchedtheatticforoneandsawtheboxofoldpapertoys.Iopeneditwithcare.AsIheldTiger,IrecalledouradventuresandhowIhadputitasidesocarelessly.Apangofguiltcrowdedinonme.WhenIreceivedmygraduationphoto,IplaceditonMum'sdressingtablewithanote,"I'msorryIthrewthepapergiraffeawayandthanksforeverything!^^Laterthatday,Isawthephotoinourfamily'sdisplaycabinet.Nexttothephotowasanewaddition-apapergiraffe.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sheepishly"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Embarrassedly. B.Guiltily. C.Proudly. D.Disappointedly.Howdidtheauthor'smotherreacttohisoutburst?Sheputthepapertoysintheattic.ShefoldedanotherpapergiraffeShesecretlythrewTigerintothebin.Shestoppedmakingpapertoysforhim.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthepassage?Hemanagedtokeepcalmwhenbeinglaughedat.Hismotheracceptedhisapologyintheend.Heenjoyedcreatingpapertoyswithhismom.Hismothermadepapertoystosupportherfamily.Whatmessagewouldtheauthorliketoconveyinwritingthetext?A.Amother'sloveisneverexhausted.BOneshouldn'tbeashamedtoadmitmistakes.Lovelooksnotwiththeeyes,butwiththemind.Noonewilllaughatapersonwhogoesallout.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者的媽媽用包裝紙給作者制作紙質(zhì)玩具，在被同學嘲笑后，作者很羞愧并告知媽媽不要再做了；多年以后，作者認識到了自己的錯誤并給媽媽道歉，媽媽原諒了作者并制作了紙質(zhì)的長頸鹿玩具。【12題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Yourmummakesyoutoysfromrubbish?"hecriedindisbelief.IhadneverthoughtofTigerasthat.Lookingatitnow,1foundTiger'sbodypatched（修補）alloverwithtape.（你媽媽用垃圾給你做玩具？他難以置信地大喊道，我從來沒有想過有這樣地老虎。現(xiàn)在，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了紙老虎的身體上面貼滿了膠帶）”可知聽到同學的嘲笑，作者羞愧地把紙老虎藏起來。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段"Fromthatdayon,Mum'screationsstoppedappearingonthebreakfasttable.（從那天起，媽媽的作品不再出現(xiàn)在早餐桌上可知她不再給他做紙玩具了。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段'"TmsorryIthrewthepapergiraffeawayandthanksforeverything!"Laterthatday,Isawthephotoinourfamily'sdisplaycabinet.Nexttothephotowasanewaddition—apapergiraffe.（對不起，我把紙長頸鹿扔了，謝謝你所做的一切!后來，我在家里的陳列柜里看到了這張照片。照片旁邊是一個新添加的紙長頸鹿。）”可知媽媽重新給作者制作了紙長頸鹿，可知他的母親最后接受了他的道歉。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段'"TmsorryIthrewthepapergiraffeawayandthanksforeverything!”Laterthatday,Isawthephotoinourfamily'sdisplaycabinet.Nexttothephotowasanewaddition-apapergiraffe.（對不起，我把紙長頸鹿扔了，謝謝你所做的一切!后來，我在家里的陳列柜里看到了這張照片。照片旁邊是一個新添加的紙長頸鹿。”‘媽媽原諒了作者并重新給作者制作了紙長頸鹿，可知母愛是永遠不會枯竭的。故選Ao第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Childrenarenaturallycuriousbeings.16Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseofrewardsintheformofstars,promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers,orthreatsofpunishment.Butwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren'ttheanswer?Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas“innermotivation”.17Andit'seasytounderstandwhyit'shardtostudysomethingwearen'tactivelyengagedwith,andifwe'repassionateabouttheinformationwe'redigesting,itfeelsmorefulfilling.Externalmotivation,thingslikerewardsandpunishment,doeshaveitsusestoo.Praiseandstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearofpunishmenthasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.18So,ifit'sthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning,howcanwestimulatethatinterest?19Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheirownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheylearn.Forexample,ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread,letthemchoosewhichbooktheyuse.Whetherit'sagraphicnovel,TVguideorclassicliterature,theaimofstimulatingtheirappetiteforreadingisachieved.Likewise,buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativefeelings.Iftheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity,don'trushtousethreatsorrewards.Trytofindoutwhy.Perhapsit'ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.20Allinall,theanswertomotivatingchildren,especiallytheyoungones,comesfrominspiringtheirinnermotivation.Oncetheirinnermotivationisgenerated,thechildrenwillbefiredup.Thekeyistoallowsomedegreeoffreedom.Childrenwhoseelearningasfunarebetteratit.Itdoesn'thaveasmucheffectatanearlyage,though.Thenexplainitsvalue,evenifitdoesn'tseemappealing.It'sunapparentwhethertheylackinnerorexternalmotivation.Eventopstudentshavedayswhentheyaren,tmotivatedforlearning.GButgettingthemtostudywhattheyaren'tinterestedincanbeatrickytask.【答案】16.G 17.B18.C19.A20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何讓孩子對學習感興趣的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文wChildrenarenaturallycuriousbeings.（孩子們天生好奇）”以及后文**Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseofrewardsintheformofstars,promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers,orthreatsofpunishment.Butwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren'ttheanswer?（老師和家長經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己利用星星、高分和美好事業(yè)以承諾或懲罰的威脅等形式的獎勵。但如果獎勵和威脅不是解決辦法呢？）”可知，后文提到老師和家長需要依靠一些獎懲手段來讓孩子學習，說明本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出讓孩子學習不敢興趣的東西很困難，G選項中them指代上文Children。故G選項“但是讓他們學習他們不感興趣的東西可能是一項棘手的任務”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文"Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas"innermotivation”.（天生的好奇心有時被稱為“內(nèi)在動機"）"以及后文"Andifseasytounderstandwhyifshardtostudysomethingwearen'tactivelyengagedwith,andifwe'repassionateabouttheinformationwe'redigesting,itfeelsmorefulfilling.（我們很容易理解為什么學習一些我們沒有積極參與的東西是很難的，如果我們對我們正在消化的信息充滿熱情，就會感到更有成就感）”可知，后文解釋了為什么學習一些我們沒有積極參與的東西是很難的，可見讓孩子主動學習需要激起孩子學習的樂趣，故B選項“把學習視為樂趣的孩子更擅長學習”符合語境，故選B。“8題詳解】根據(jù)上文wExternalmotivation,thingslikerewardsandpunishment,doeshaveitsusestoo.Praiseandstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearofpunishmenthasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.（夕卜部動機，比如獎勵和懲罰，也有它的用處。在取得好成績或害怕受到懲罰的基礎(chǔ)上給予表揚和激勵，已經(jīng)被認為是對年長學生的激勵）“以及后文"So,ififsthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning,howcanwestimulatethatinterest?（所以，如果天生的好奇心是更好學習的動力，我們該如何激發(fā)這種興趣呢？）“可知，后文提到了給予懲罰和獎勵可以激勵年長學生，可知本句旨在說明懲罰和獎勵在孩子早期時的作用，故C選項“盡管它在早期沒有那么大的影響”符合語境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheirownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheylearn.Forexample,ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread,letthemchoosewhichbooktheyuse.Whetherit'sagraphicnovel,TVguideorclassicliterature,theaimofstimulatingtheirappetiteforreadingisachieved.（讓孩子把學習看作是他們自己的事情，在學習什么和如何學習方面給他們更多一點的選擇。例如，如果你想教孩子們閱讀，讓他們選擇他們使用的書。無論是漫畫小說、電視指南還是經(jīng)典文學，激發(fā)他們閱讀欲望的目的已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了）”可知，本段的主旨是給予孩子更多一點的選擇，即“允許一定程度的自由”。故A選項“關(guān)鍵是允許一定程度的自由”符合語境，故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文uLikewise,buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativefeelings.Iftheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity,don'trushtousethreatsorrewards.Trytofindoutwhy.Perhapsit'ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.（同樣地，與作為學習者的孩子建立一種關(guān)系，傾聽他們的消極感受。如果他們不愿意參與一項活動，不要急于使用威脅或獎勵。試著找出原因。也許只是因為他們覺得這個活動很無聊）”可知，本句承接上文，說明找出原因的過程，D選項中it指代上文theactivity。故D選項“然后解釋它的價值，即使它看起來不吸引人”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Threeyearsago,agroupofresearchersatCornellUniversity'sFoodandBrandLabhadaguess.Theyknewthatmanyapplesbeing21tokidsaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgramwereendingupinthetrash,almostuntouched.Butunlikeothers,theywonderedifthereasonwasmorecomplicatedthansimplythatthekidsdidn'twantthe22 .Theythoughtthefactthattheappleswerebeingserved23 ,ratherthansliced（切成片的），wasdoingthefruitnofavor.Andtheywantedto24thisidea.Theycarriedoutapilotstudy（初步研究）ateight25andfoundthatfruitconsumption26bymorethan60percentwhenappleswereservedsliced.They27madeafbllow-upstudyatsixotherschools,whichnotonlyshowedthesameresult,butfurther28it.Boththeoverallappleconsumptionandthepercentageofstudentswhoatemorethanhalfoftheappleservedtothemweremorethan70percenthigheratschoolsthatserved29apples.Basedonthese30itseemsthateventhesimplestformsof31caninfluenceus.Slicedapplesjustmakemoresensefbrkids.Thehardestpartisgettingkidstostarteatingfruit,andthat'sexactlywhyslicedapplesarethewaytogo.Achildholdingawholeapplehastobreaktheskin,eataroundthecore（果核），and32theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit.These33mightseemsillyorunimportant,butthey'reimportantwhenyou're34 teethorhavebraces（牙箍），assomanykidsdo.It'soneofthosesituationswherewhatseemslikeareally35inconvenienceactuallymakesahuge

difference.21.A.soldB.servedC.deliveredD.shown22.A.attentionB.lunchC.fruitD.program23.A.wholeB.readyC.aloneD.unwashed24.A.presentB.shareC.proveD.try25.A.restaurantsB.collegesC.citiesD.schools26.A.decreasedB.jumpedC.reachedD.slowed27.A.evenB.insteadC.alreadyD.then28.A.deniedB.supportedC.impressedD.described29.A.slicedB.deliciousc.juicyD.fresh30.A.plansB.guessesC.methodsD.results31.A.rewardB.adviceC.inconvenienceD.decision32.A.dealwithB.thinkaboutC.lookintoD.pointout33.A.studiesB.problemsC.ideasD.worries34.A.brushingB.cleaningC.missingD.counting35.A.smallB.seriousC.obviousD.public【答案】21.B 22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D31C32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者通過講述三年前一個研究小組對全國學校午餐計劃中提供給孩子的蘋果許多都被浪費這一事實背后的原因進行研究和探索的事，表明有時候看似很小的不便卻能產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。[21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們知道，作為國家學校午餐計劃的一部分，許多被提供給孩子們的蘋果最終被扔進了垃圾桶，幾乎沒動。A.sold賣：B.served提供；端上C.delivered遞送：發(fā)表；D.shown展示。根據(jù)下文“aspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgram”可知，這些蘋果是國家學校午餐項目提供給孩子們的。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但與其他人不同的是，他們想知道原因是否比簡單的孩子們不想要這些水果要復雜得多。A.attention注意；B.lunch午飯:C.fruit水果；D.program程序。根據(jù)上文“manyapplesbeing ]tokidsaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgramwereendingupinthetrash,almostuntouched”可知，這些蘋果最后被扔進垃圾箱，幾乎沒有動，因此推斷這里說的是孩子們不想要這些水果。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認為提供的蘋果是完整的，而不是切片的，對水果不利。A.whole全部的；B.ready準備好的；C.alone單獨的;D.unwashed未清洗的。根據(jù)下文"ratherthansliced（切成片的）”可知，提供的蘋果沒有切片，是整個的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們想要證明這個想法。A.present呈現(xiàn)；贈送；B.share分享；C.prove證明;D.try嘗試。根據(jù)下文“Theycarriedoutapilotstudy（初步研究）”可知，他們想要證明他們的想法，進行了初步研究。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在8所學校進行了一項初步研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)當蘋果切片時，水果消費量增加了60%以上A.restaurants餐館；B.colleges大學；學院；C.cities城市；D.schools學校。根據(jù)下文的"atsixotherschools”可知，研究在學校里進行的。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.decreased降低；B.jumped猛增；激增；C.reached到達；D.slowed減慢。根據(jù)下文“Boththeoverallappleconsumptionandthepercentageofstudentswhoatemorethanhalfoftheappleservedtothemweremorethan70percenthigheratschoolsthatserved9apples"可知，蘋果的消費量激增了60%以上。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他們在其他六所學校進行了后續(xù)研究，不僅顯示了相同的結(jié)果，而且得到了進一步的支持。A.even甚至；B.instead代替；C.already已經(jīng)；D.then然后；后來。根據(jù)下文“madeafollow-upstudyatsixotherschools”可知，后來他們又進行后續(xù)研究。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他們在其他六所學校進行了后續(xù)研究，不僅顯示了相同的結(jié)果，而且得到了進一步的支持。A.denied否定；B.supported支持；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.described描述。根據(jù)上文“notonlyshowedthesameresuh”可知，后續(xù)研究得出了相同的結(jié)果，得到了進一步的支持。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在提供切片蘋果的學校里，學生們的整個蘋果的消費量和吃了一半以上的蘋果的比例都要高出70%以上。A.sliced切片的：B.delicious美味的；C.juicy多汁的：D.fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)上文**fruitconsumption6bymorethan60percentwhenappleswereservedsliced.n可知，提供切片的蘋果，消費量就激增，因此推斷在提供切片的蘋果的學校里，吃掉整個蘋果和半個蘋果的消費量提高了70%?故選Ao【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：基于這些結(jié)果，似乎甚至是最簡單的不方便也能影響我們。A.plans計戈ij；B.guesses猜測；C.methods方法；D.results結(jié)果。由空前的these和上文的“thesameresult”可知，此處指代上文提的研究結(jié)果。故選Do【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：基于這些結(jié)果，似乎甚至是最簡單的不方便也能影響我們。A.reward獎勵；報酬；B.advice建議；C.inconvenience不方便；D.decision決定。根據(jù)下文''…Achildholdingawholeapplehastobreaktheskin,eataroundthecore（果核），and12theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit.“可知，此處說的是吃整個蘋果的不方便。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：拿著整個蘋果的孩子必須去皮、繞著核吃，還要應付拿著大蘋果時的不便。A.dealwith處理;應付；B.thinkabout考慮;C.lookinto調(diào)查;D.pointout指出。根據(jù)下文'theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit”可知，孩子在吃整個蘋果時要應付拿著一個大水果時的不方便。故選A。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些問題或許似乎很愚蠢或不重要，但當你缺牙或戴牙套時，如同許多孩子一樣，它們就很重要。A.studies研究；B.problems問題；困難；C.ideas想法；D.worries擔憂。上文的"holdingawholeapplehastobreaktheskin,eataroundthecore（果核），and12theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit"都是一個孩子在吃整個蘋果時的問題。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.brushing刷；涂；B.cleaning清潔；C.missing失掉；丟失；D.counting計算。根據(jù)下文"orhavebraces（牙箍）,assomanykidsdo”可知，此處說的是孩子們失去牙齒或者帶著牙箍。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，一個看起來很小的不便，實際上會產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。A.small小的；B.serious嚴肅的；C.obvious明顯的；D.public公共的。根據(jù)上文"itseemsthateventhesimplestformsof11 caninfluenceus”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，僅僅是因為蘋果沒有切片造成的問題就讓許多孩子不吃蘋果，最后一句是對全文的總結(jié)，因此推斷此處說的是很小的不方便可能會有大影響。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LiJiaqi,astarinlive-streaming(網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播),knowshow36 (draw)theaudience'sattention.Eachtime,heintroducesanewitemandthenpromotesitdirectly,“Buyit-justbuyit!Itlookssupersupergood!"?一asalespitchtheonlineinfluencerisfamousfor.ComparedwithTaylorSwift'sheadlineshowat2019'sDoubleEleveneveningparty,Li*slive-streamappeared37(simple).butheprobablyhadagreaterinfluenceonlastyear'sfestival.Inthemonth38(follow)theshoppingfestival,Li'spromotion39(drive)overonebillionyuaninsalesonTaobaoLive.Asanewwayofshopping,live-streaminghasprovedsuccessful,40hasledmorecompaniestouseonlineinfluencerstopromotetheirproducts.Theriseofcommerciallive-streamingispartlybasedonconvenience.Anyproductcan41(buy)duringlive-streamswithjustacoupleoftapsandswipes.Withouttheadvantage,42(customer)maygiveupanitemifitsdescriptiondoesnotprovideenoughinformation.Aconvincinglive-streamertogetherwithlimited-timediscountsorluckydrawsalso43(account)fbritspopularity.Thosetrickshelppersuadepeopletoshopthroughlive-streaming.Fornow,thereisstillsomedoubt44live-streamerscanreallytakeresponsibilityforthei