TPR單詞最全最清晰版本-親子英語(yǔ)-二語(yǔ)習(xí)得-聽(tīng)力聽(tīng)說(shuō)最佳-二語(yǔ)習(xí)得-可理解性輸入-英文日常用語(yǔ)

TotalPhysicalResponse（TPR）簡(jiǎn)介TPR“全身反應(yīng)法”是上世紀(jì) 60年代（那個(gè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)“火紅的年代” ）由美國(guó)心理學(xué)教授JamesAsher提出的。他分析研究母語(yǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)的過(guò)程，倡導(dǎo)把“語(yǔ)言”和“行為”聯(lián)系在一起，通過(guò)左右腦的共同協(xié)調(diào)訓(xùn)練建立語(yǔ)言思維，達(dá)到掌握外語(yǔ)的目的。具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方式是： 通過(guò)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者聽(tīng)到一個(gè)外語(yǔ)指令， 用身體動(dòng)作對(duì)它做出對(duì)相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)，從而使聽(tīng)者逐漸自然建立語(yǔ)言能力。最典型的例子就是當(dāng)聽(tīng)到“ StandUp”就從坐位上站起來(lái)， 聽(tīng)到“Touchyournose”就去摸自己的鼻子。 應(yīng)用更多的手勢(shì)和簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)物教具， TPR完全可以展示動(dòng)詞的不同時(shí)態(tài)以及復(fù)雜的句子形式。TPR是典型的符合二語(yǔ)悉得基本理念的一個(gè)非常有效的教學(xué)體系。 它的特點(diǎn)符合 SLA的關(guān)于語(yǔ)言形成的各項(xiàng)假說(shuō)和建議：主張學(xué)習(xí)者通過(guò)“可理解輸入”先建立聽(tīng)力能力，不強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生開(kāi)口說(shuō)；降低學(xué)生緊張情緒；左右腦協(xié)調(diào)使用，共同實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言能力（左腦接受指令，右腦負(fù)責(zé)做動(dòng)作） ；模仿真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境；不教語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，也不急于學(xué)讀寫；TPR一般需要由有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教師輔導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成， 特別是零基礎(chǔ)者。 但有一些基礎(chǔ)的同學(xué)可以在學(xué)友之間甚至自己 （先把指令錄下） 完成。本人認(rèn)為有一點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)的同學(xué)也要自己嘗試一下TPR。通過(guò) TPR經(jīng)歷， 可以很好地幫助建立英文思維。 所以同學(xué)們不要認(rèn)為： 我懂Standup的意思，不用做了。 知道你懂了，但可能它只是一個(gè)記憶中的知識(shí)或中文的解釋， 它還不是你思維的一部分。 直到重復(fù)過(guò)幾遍， 最后能迅速對(duì)指令不假思索地作出反應(yīng)后， 才逐漸實(shí)現(xiàn)融入自己的思維。 大家可以想象這對(duì)咱們今后聽(tīng)復(fù)雜句子的“反應(yīng)速度” 會(huì)有多么重大影響。502WordsthatCanBeLearnedwithTotalPhysicalResponse(TPR),ByDomain.Note:ThefollowingisafirstlistofjustsomeofthewordsthatcaneasilybelearnedusingTPR.Itisexemplary,notcomprehensive,andcanbeusedasastarttomakeoflistof1,000oreven2,000words.Afewthewordsareculture/countyspecificbutyoucanreplacethemwiththingsfromwhereyouare.——CompletedbyBukeQian五官動(dòng)作GeneralBodyMovements111.standup112.sitdown113.walk114.Stop115.walk3steps,etc.115.turnleft116.turnright五官動(dòng)作GeneralBodyMovements111.standup112.sitdown113.walk114.Stop115.walk3steps,etc.115.turnleft116.turnright117.turnaround轉(zhuǎn)圈118.walkbackwards倒著走119.jump110.hop-單足跳 /齊足跳 11.bendover俯身12.squat[skwɑt]-蹲，跪下17.kick用腳踢14.face(faceme;facethewall,facethedoor,etc.)18.kissme(onthecheek!)15.liftupyourrightleg(leftleg,rightarm,etc.)抬起16.loweryourleg(leftleg,rightarm,etc.)13.nod點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭 14.shake搖頭不贊成 25.shrug聳聳肩膀 17.scratch發(fā)癢用手抓17.shakemyhand握手19.makeafist握拳20.clapyourhands22.wave21.snapyourfingers51.pointedto用手指向 15.slapachild,打孩子16.chewyourfood[t??]咀嚼食物 26.bite咬Partsofthebody408.hair409.Forehead410.Eyebrow411.eyelash-睫毛412.eye413.ear414.cheek415.nose416.lip/lips417.mouth418.moustache-小胡子 419.beard胡須420.Chin下巴421.throat422.tooth/teeth423.tongue[t??]舌頭 424.chest425.Back426.shoulderbelly-腹部arm429.leg430.thigh[θ]a-?大腿 431.shin[?n?]小腿骨432.hand433.fingerknuckle-['n?kl]指關(guān)節(jié)438.elbow-肘 439.knee434.fingers435.thumb[θ?m]拇指fingernail-手指甲440.foot441.ankle踝關(guān)節(jié)442.toe/toes腳趾；足尖Facialthings23.smile24.cough咳嗽25.laugh26.cry27.sneeze噴嚏28.openyourmouth29.closeyourmouth30.stickoutyourtongue伸出31.putyourtonguebackin32.wink一般的眨眼 33.Blink眨眼(因驚嚇、強(qiáng)光刺激)眨眼glancedat瞥了一眼 35.staredat盯著Generalverbsyoucanusewithobjectswhereis36.Touch37.showme38.pickup撿起39.putdown放下40.putitback(return)放回去 41.drop使掉下，使落下 42.move43.giveme(givehim)44.takeitback拿回去45.throw拋46.catch47.turnover翻過(guò)來(lái)48.puttheon(underetc.)the51.lift-舉起，抬起49.Push推50.pull拉Basicadverbs基本副詞-364.quickly365.Slowly366.carefullyvoicethings367.speak368.sing369.Hum哼哼 /發(fā)嘈雜聲370.whisper-低聲說(shuō)，沙沙響 371.whistle吹口哨371.shout/yell呼喊；大叫372.stopspeaking(singing,humming,etc.)果菜廚房Dk83.juice84.Soda汽水 85.yogurt(drinking)86.coffee87.teaFruits/vegetables88.apple89.banana91.plum-梅子 /李子 92.Grapes93.fig-無(wú)花果90.orange96.lemon98.watermelon99.tomato100.Cucumber['kju?k?mb?]黃瓜onion107.garlic-大蒜carrot胡蘿卜 106.potato土豆eggplant-茄子 101.zucchini-[zu'kini]西葫蘆109.lettuce-['let?s]生菜、萵苣 113.cabbage[?k?b?d?]卷心菜 111.celery-西芹112.mint-薄荷 95.Raisins['rezn]葡萄干 97.pomegranate-['pɑm?ɡr?n?t]石榴Kitchentablestuff52.cup53.plate54.bowl55.knife56.fork57.spoon[spun]勺子58.napkin/tissue餐巾59.dish盤子62.table63.chairKitchenstuff64.pan平底鍋 65.oven-[??v?n]烤箱，烤爐 66.stove-[stov]烤爐67.sink-水池，水槽 68.faucet-['f?s?t]水龍頭69.Counter柜臺(tái) 70.cupboard['k?b?d]碗柜refrigerator[r?'fr?d??re?t?]冰箱Basicfoodsflour-['fla?r]面粉 73.sugar74.breadtealeaves76.coffee咖啡rice78.nutsYogurt酸奶 80.candy,etc.金錢Wordshavingtodowithmoneycoin硬幣，美分 139.Bill鈔票140.Dollar142.priceHowmuchisit(arethey)?多少錢 ?Canyoucomedownalittle?能便宜一點(diǎn)嗎 ?payme5dollar,etc.havechangeforthisbill換零錢Thingsyou'llseeoutsideinacity213.car214.truck215.Motorcycle216.bicycle217.bus218.pedestrian[p?'d?str??n](walker)行人 219.policeman222.houseofficebuilding223.apartmentbuilding221.restaurantgrocerystore小賣部225.vegetable/fruitstore店227.Bakery面包店butcher'sshop-肉鋪 228.gasstation-加油站 229購(gòu)物shoppingconveniencestore便利店 231.chainstore連鎖店232.supermarket超市wordshavingtodowithacarcar230.door250.engine246.hood[h?d]引擎蓋frontseat232.backseat233.driver'sseat234.passengerseatseatbelt257.puton/takeoffyourseatbelt235.steeringwheel-方向盤 237.breakpedal-剎車踏板 238.gaspedal油門-239.clutchpedal離合器踏板 240.speedometer-速度計(jì) 241.gasgauge-油量表gearshift-換擋 244.ignitionswitch-點(diǎn)火開(kāi)關(guān) 243.emergencybreak緊急剎車horn-喇叭 256.lightswitch燈開(kāi)關(guān) 255.turnsignalswitchheadlight-前燈 248.Fender擋泥板 251.trunk-車廂 252.tire['ta??]-輪胎exhaustpipe-排氣管 249.licenseplate車牌照turnonthecar259.turnoffthecardriveforward261.倒車backacarturnright263.turnleft264.doaU-turn掉頭turnonyourleftturnsignal266.turnonyourrightturnsignalusethehorn268.stop269.speedup270.slowdownturnon/offtheheadlightsturnon/offthehighbeams-開(kāi)遠(yuǎn)光燈，探照燈turnon/offtheinsidelightwinddownthewindow-關(guān)窗戶 275.windupthewindow卷起窗戶lockthedoor(fromtheinside)277.lockthedoor(fromtheoutside)278.driver'slicense家居Wordshavingtodowithadoor125.door126.key 127.doorknob-門把手 128.hinge-[h?n(d)?]鉸鏈，合葉peephole-['pi?ph??l]窺視孔 /貓眼130.doorbellopenthedoor132.closethedoor133.lockthedoor134.unlockthedoorlookthroughthepeephole136.ringthedoorbell137.knockonthedoorPrepositions介詞-on281.In282.under283.above284.beside/nexttoinfrontof286.behind287.totheleftof288.totherightoflivingroom客廳sofa290.Chair椅子 291.Pillow靠墊 292.coffeetablerug-小地毯，毛毯 294.carpet-地毯 295.cushion-['k???n]墊子 /坐墊window297.curtain-窗簾，門簾 306.bookcase-書架lamp299.ceilinglight-吊燈300.lightswitch燈開(kāi)關(guān) 301.electricalplugtelevision307.mobilephone/cellphone手機(jī) 303.telephoneBedroombed308.sheet-床單 /被褥 309.quilt被子309.pillow310.blanket-毛毯dresser-梳妝臺(tái) 312.wardrobe衣櫥313.coathanger-衣架 ,掛衣鉤314.mirrorClothing391.shirt392.pants393.shoe394.shoes395.coat396.Underwea內(nèi)衣r397.sock398.socks399.watch400.sweater401.hat402.belt403.dressshirt白襯衫404.tie405.Dress連衣裙 406.skirt407.blouse-女襯衫Bathroom315.toilet316.bathtub-澡盆 317.toiletpaper廁紙318.Sink水槽319.Towel毛巾321.Toothbrush322.toothpaste-牙膏323.comb-梳子 325.shampooHouseholditems家居用品373.lightbulb燈泡374.hammer錘子377.wrench-扳手 378.pliers-['pla??z]鉗子375.screwdriver-螺絲刀 376.screw-螺絲釘379.broom-掃帚 380.mop-拖把 381.dustpan簸箕384.trashcan垃圾桶 385.trashbag-垃圾袋382.sweepthefloor掃地383.mopthefloor拖地386.washingmachine387.dryer['dra??]-烘干機(jī) 388.iron-['a??n]熨斗時(shí)間形狀日歷Colors336.color（thewordforcolor）337.white338.black339.red340.orange341.yellow342.green343.blue344.purple345.pink346.brown347.gray[-gre?]灰色，灰白色Shapes348.square正方形 349.rectangle長(zhǎng)方形350.triangle351.circle352.oval-['ovl]橢圓形 353.pentagon-['p?nt?ɡɑn]五角形 354.hexagon-['h?ks?ɡɑn]六邊形355.cube-方體，立方形 356.box（rectangularsolid）長(zhǎng)方體357.sphere[sf?r]球體Basicadjectives基本形容詞-327.big328.small329.medium（ofthree,forexample）330.long331.short332.New333.old 334.thick-厚的，粗的 335.thin363.drawaline,circle,square,etc.Wordshavingtodowithawallcalendar460.today461.yesterday462.tomorrow463.thedaybeforeyesterdaythedayaftertomorrowweek466.thisweek467.lastweek468.nextweekmonth（thismonth,lastmonth,nextmonth）469.Sunday日 470.Monday一 471.Tuesday二 472.Wednesday三473.Thursday四 474.Friday五 475.Saturday六TOC\o"1-5"\h\zJanuary（一月） ;February（二月） ;March（三月） ;April（四月） ;May（五月） ;June（六月） ;July（七月） ;August（八月） ;September（九月） ;October（十月） ;November（十一月） ;December（十二月）nextThursday478.lastMonday480.holidayWithaclock481.clock501.AM502.PM503.aquarter（15分鐘又叫一刻鐘： ）504.past幾分 過(guò)幾點(diǎn) 505.To差幾分到幾點(diǎn)A“小時(shí) +分鐘 ”直接讀： 6:10sixten8:30eightthirty2:40twofortyB半小時(shí)之內(nèi) ,用“分鐘+past+小時(shí) ”：6:10tenpastsix4:20twentypastfour10:25twenty-fivepasttenC超半小時(shí)之內(nèi) ,相差的分鐘“ +to+下一小時(shí)”：10:35twenty-fivetoeleven5:50tentosix9:49eleventotenD恰好為半小時(shí) ,“half+pas小時(shí)t+”：11:30halfpasteleven2:30halfpasttwoE和15分鐘有關(guān) ,就有：9:15ninefifteen; fifteenpastnine;aquarterpastnine3:45threeforty-five; fifteentofour; aquartertofourF整點(diǎn)：It'stwo.It'stwoo'clock.學(xué)習(xí)辦公Classroom29.課本 textbook60thedictionary.字典84homework家庭作業(yè)。11exercise-books練習(xí)本. 15notebooks筆記本36theblackboard黑板26Raiseyourhands,please.請(qǐng)舉手。 27Handsdown.把手放下。13Openyourbooks翻開(kāi)書。 14PleaseturntoPage12.請(qǐng)翻開(kāi)書本十二頁(yè)28Followme.跟我讀。 61Takenotes,please.請(qǐng)作筆記。60Lookupthewordinthedictionary.在字典里查這個(gè)詞。Stationary文具18文具盒writingcase37鉛筆盒pencilcase10鉛筆pencil41卷筆刀,轉(zhuǎn)筆刀pencilsharpener9.鋼筆pen11自動(dòng)鉛筆 propellingpencil自來(lái)水筆 (fountain)pen4圓珠筆ballpointpen1.圓珠筆biro['bai?r?u].highlighter熒光筆 7.Crayons[?kre??nz]蠟筆 23粉筆(apieceof)chalk42墨水ink19橡皮擦eraser44刀子knives.Pritstick固體膠 4.Scotchtape透明膠帶 5.Stickylabel標(biāo)簽貼40文件夾 paperfile40文件夾folder13計(jì)算器 calculator14圓規(guī) compasses 15三角板setsquare20課本textbook21練習(xí)冊(cè)exercisebook39字典 ;詞典 dictionary38耳機(jī)earphone28地圖集atlas['?tl?s]34地球儀globe[gl??b]27百科全書 encyclopedia[?n?sak?l??pidi?]Thingsyoucandowithapen358.cap-筆蓋 359.takeoffthecap360.putthecapbackon361.write362.signyournameWordsthathavetodowithabook191.