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狀語從句AdverbialClauses狀語從句AdverbialClauses1

什么是狀語

修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或整個句子,表示行為發(fā)生的時間,地點,目的,方式,程度,結(jié)果等的詞,短語或句子叫狀語.

2試分析句子中的狀語:1.Sheusuallygetsupat7o'clock.2.Isawhimplayingbasketballontheplayground.3.Tom'sfathergotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.4.Luckily,hegottotheairportontime.5.Hewasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercameback.試分析句子中的狀語:1.Sheusuallygetsu3

Whatare“

AdverbialClauses”?

狀語從句是用來表示主句動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、原因、方式、結(jié)果、目的、地點、比較、讓步等關(guān)系的從句。

W4

考點一

狀語從句分類考點一5狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.

原因狀語從句4.條件狀語從句5.讓步狀語從句6.目的狀語從句7.結(jié)果狀語從句8.方式狀語從句9.比較狀語從句狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.原因狀語從句461.時間狀語從句常用連接詞如下:when,while,as,till/until,not…till/until,before,since,after,once,assoonas特殊連接詞:

immediately/directly/instantlythemoment/theinstant/theminute,bythetime/eachtime/everytime/whenevernosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when1.時間狀語從句常用連接詞如下:特殊連接詞:7連詞

詞義

用法

when

當....的時候

狀語從句謂語動詞可是延續(xù)性動詞,也可是瞬間動詞既可以指一個時間點,也可以是一段時間,可表示主從句的動作同時或先后發(fā)生

while

當....的時候

狀語從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞指一段時間,強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi),主從句動作同時發(fā)生

as

一邊.....一邊......隨著狀語從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞強調(diào)主句﹑從句動作相并發(fā)生1)when/while/as連詞詞義8例句:WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSunday.

Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.例句:WhenIlivedthere,Iusedt9題組訓練,用when/while/as填空①___________Iwaswalkingatthebusstop,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore.②______Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch.③______hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgaredning.When/While/AsWhenAs題組訓練,用when/while/as填空①________10注意:另外,when/while還作并列連詞,連接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:IlikereadingwhilemywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示“就在這時”

在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中,表示某件事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生,另一動作同時發(fā)生。1.beabouttodo…when…2.bedoing…when…3.haddone…when…e.g.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein.注意:另外,when/while還作并列連詞,連接并列分句11注意特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1)OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway__mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when2)我正在做飯,這時,門鈴響了。

Iwasdoingsomecookingwhenthedoorbellrang.注意特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1)OneFriday,wewerepa123)Iwasabouttoleaveworkwhenitbegantorainheavily.我正要下班,這時,天開始下大雨了

4)Hehadjustfinishedhishomeworkwhenthelightwentout.他剛好完成他的作業(yè)突然燈熄滅了。3)Iwasabouttoleaveworkw132).till/until和not......until2).till/until和not......until143)after,beforeafter意為:在......之后before意為:在......之前,還未......就......,不到......就......,......才......,還沒來得及......就......3)after,beforeafter意為:在.....15例句:

Hechangedhisideaafterhethoughtitover.他在仔細思考了之后改變了注意。ItwashalfayearbeforeIcameback.半年后我才回來。Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.我們跑了不到一英里他就感覺累了。例句:ItwashalfayearbeforeI16句型:It’s/willbe+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示過了多久才Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.我們過很久才能見面。句型:17It’s/will(not)be+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時

表示沒過多久就Itwon'tbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.過不了多久我們就會再見面了。It’s/will(not)be+一段時間befor184)since引導的時間狀語從句since意為“自從......”,引導的從句謂語動詞一般是非延續(xù)性動詞,通常用一般過去式,主句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性的或者反復發(fā)生的動作,時態(tài)常用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.自從她離開學校就在這個工廠工作。4)since引導的時間狀語從句since意為“自從....19若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時,則從句表示的時間是“從動作開始的那一時刻起”ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmokeacigar.我吸雪茄已經(jīng)三年了。若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時,則從句20若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞的過去時時,則從句表示的時間是“從持續(xù)動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起”

Itisalreadythreeyearssincehewasateacher.他不當教師已經(jīng)三年了。ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.我不吸雪茄已經(jīng)有三年了。若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的21比較:HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自從我病愈以來,他屢次給我寫信。(從句謂語為狀態(tài)動詞)

HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自從我生病以來,他就屢次給我寫信。

比較:225)表示一.......就.......的連詞5)表示一.......就.......的連詞23注意:nosooner....than...,hardly/scarely...when....所在的主句謂語動詞用過去完成時,而than、when引導的從句后面應(yīng)用一般過去時。此外,當把nosooner,hardly/scarely提到句首時,其主句要用倒裝語序Wehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.=Nosooner

hadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我們一到火車站,火車就離站了。注意:nosooner....than...,hardly246)everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime,anytime引導時間狀語從句,表示“每當...,每次...,下次.....”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.每當我處于困境,他就會來幫助我。Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.下次你來的時候,一定記得把你兒子帶來。6)everytime,eachtime,nextti25practice1.I'lltellhimtogiveyouacall_____hecomesback.A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but2.Don’tforgettowashyourhands_______youhavemeals.A.untilB.beforeC.whenD.while3.---Wherewasyourbrotheratthistimelastnight?---Hewaswritingane-mail_____IwaswatchingTVathome.A.assoonasB.afterC.untilD.whilepractice1.I'lltellhimtogi264.---Hurryup.Thebusiscoming.---Waitamoment.Don’tcrossthestreet___thetrafficlightsaregreen.A.a(chǎn)fterB.untilC.whileDsince5.Allthestudentshavelearnedalot____theycametothisschool.A.whenB.assoonasC.sinceD.while4.---Hurryup.Thebusiscom272.地點狀語從句連接詞:where/wherever位置:指具體時間時,從句可放在任何地方;表示抽象的含義時,從句需放在主句之前

a.Juststaywhereyouare.

b.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.

c.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.2.地點狀語從句連接詞:位置:指具體時間時,從句可放在任何地283.原因狀語從句連詞:because因為as由于since/nowthat既然for因為inthat因為seeingthat鑒于consideringthat考慮到because:直接原因,非推斷。語氣最強.回答whysince:顯而易見的已知的原因,譯為“既然”,通常放句首。as: 不談自明的原因,語氣最弱.for: 附加、推斷的原因,通常放句中,引導后半句表原因。3.原因狀語從句連詞:because:直接原因,非推斷。語29a.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.b.Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.c.Hemustbeill,

forheisabsenttoday.a.Since/Astheweatherisso304.條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導:if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)(如果),supposing(that)(假若,倘使),onconditionthat(條件是)

等。4.條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動31e.g.a.We’llcomeovertoseeyouon

Saturday______wehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeople____welive.ifaslongase.g.ifaslongas321.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas1.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep

hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether1.Wewillbeabletogetther335.讓步狀語從句連接詞:although/though(盡管,雖然);as(盡管,雖然);when(盡管);evevthough/evenif(即使);whether......or....(不管......還是......);疑問詞+ever/nomatter+疑問詞(不管......;無論......)讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后,有時插在主句中間。5.讓步狀語從句連接詞:讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后,有時341)Heisunhappy,_______hehasalotofmoney.2)Child____heis,theboyknowsalot.3)_____________itisraining,wewillgothere.4)________yousay,hewon'tbelieveyou.thoughasEvenif/thoughWhateverthoughasEvenif/thoughWhatever35注意:(1)although與though兩者意思相同,一般可互換,都可以與yet/still連用,但不能和but連用

Although/thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.(2)though還可以用作副詞,意為“可是,然而”,置于句末。

Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn't,though.(3)when/while也可以做從屬連詞,表讓步,while常用在句首,when常用在句中,相當于although.Suddenly,shestoppedwhensheoughttohavecontinued.

WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.注意:36(4)as引導讓步狀語從句時,意為“盡管,雖然”,放在句首必須使用倒裝語序。通常如果從句中有形容詞或名詞作表語,則把表語置于句首,而且名詞前要省略冠詞;如果從句中有修飾動詞的副詞,則將該副詞置于句首;如果從句中有情態(tài)動詞,則將情態(tài)動詞后的動詞原形置于句首。

Oldas/thoughheis,heworksveryhard.(表語倒裝)=Althoughheisold,heworksveryhard.

Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.(謂語動詞倒裝)

Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn’twanttobuyit.(狀語倒裝)(4)as引導讓步狀語從句時,意為“盡管,雖然”,放在句首必376.目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的連詞:inorderthatsothatforfearthat(唯恐,以免某事會發(fā)生);incase(以防);

用于正式文體中,所引從句可于主句前或后a.

較常用,一般用于主句后,有時可分開,so有時可省;從句中要有情態(tài)動詞,否則,就成為下一種句型:b.

無情態(tài)動詞則引導結(jié)果狀語從句。6.目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的連詞:inordert38Iwillspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstandme.Inoredrthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedfortheparkearly.Marydidn'twanttogetoutofbedforfearthatshemightwakeherbabyup.Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains.例句:Iwillspeakslowlysothat/in397.結(jié)果狀語從句(1)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:

so/sothat/so...that.../such....that....

too....to..../enoughto.....(2)句型結(jié)構(gòu)

①…so+adj./adv.+that…②soadj.a/an+n.+that…③somany/few/much/little(少)+n.(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))+that…④such+a/an+adj.+n.+that…⑤such+adj.+n.(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))+that…7.結(jié)果狀語從句(1)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:401)HeranssofastthatIcan'tcatchupwithhim.2)Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.=Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.3)Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.4)Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.5)Socleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.(為了強調(diào)adj/adv,當so/such置于句首時,主句要用倒裝語序)1)HeranssofastthatIcan't41too......to....太...而不能...enoughto......達到某種程度可以.....Hedidn'tgetupearlyenoughtocatchthebus.=Hegotuptoolatetocatchthebus.too......to....太...而不能...Hedi428.方式狀語從句從屬連詞:as正如asif/asthough好像,仿佛

asif/asthough引導的從句可以用虛擬語氣,但如果從句中的情況可能實現(xiàn),也可用陳述語氣。8.方式狀語從句從屬連詞:as正如asif/as43Theladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson.(虛擬語氣)Heclosedhiseyesasifhewastired.(陳述語氣)Doasyouaretold,oryouwillbefired.Theladytreatstheboyasif449.比較狀語從句從屬連詞as…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than,themore+adj./adv.;themore+adj./adv.9.比較狀語從句從屬連詞as…as,notso45e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.

b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.

c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashe46考點二狀語從句中的時態(tài)考點二471.在條件,時間從句和讓步狀語從句中,主句是一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時,用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時,用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來進行時。(主將從現(xiàn))2.在since引導的時間狀語從句中,動詞一般用一般過去時,而主句常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時。若since從句用haddone,則主句用一般過去式。Itis/hasbeen……sinceS+V(一般過去)Itwas…….sinceS+haddone1.在條件,時間從句和讓步狀語從句中,主句是一般將來時,從句48Theyaregoingtohaveapicnicifitdoesn’trainnextweek.AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillhavegonehome.Theyaregoingtohaveapicni49考點三狀語從句中成分的省略考點三50當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時,從句的主語可以省略。謂語則按下面幾種情況省略或變化:“系表”結(jié)構(gòu)省略be動詞;被動語態(tài)省略助動詞be;主動語態(tài)的動詞則變?yōu)閐oing。當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時,從51Ifnecessary(如果有必要的話),I’llexplainittoyouagain.Thoughlacking(lack)money,theysenttheirchildrentoschool.Hestoppedasiftosee(see)ifsomeonefollowedhim.高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件Ifnecessary(如果有必要的話),I’lle52狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件:①主句和從句的主語一致,或從句主語為it;②從句主要動詞是be的某種形式。從句中的主語和be動詞??墒÷?。When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的話,他會幫你擺脫困境。高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件狀語從句同時具備下列兩個條件:高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)53根據(jù)句意用適當?shù)倪B詞填空1.Dr.

Bethune(白求恩)cametoChina________hewasnearlyfifty.2.

I

didn’tjointhemyesterdayevening________I

hadtogotoanimportantmeeting.3.Themeetingbecamesodisorderly________thespeakerhadtoshouttheaudiencedown.4.Tobehonest,youdidbetter________I

did.whenbecausethatthan高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件根據(jù)句意用適當?shù)倪B詞填空whenbecausethattha545.Hard________hetried,hecouldn’tforcethedooropen.6.

________weoftenusecomputertowriteoremailtosomebody,handwritingisstillakindofpreciouswealthtous.7._____youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus.

8._______wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

9.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend______thattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.

asThoughUnlessIfso高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件5.Hard________hetried,heco5510.________wemakegooduseofpublictransport,theenvironmentwillbebetter.

11.________scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon’tknow.

12.Soabsorbedwasheinhiswork________heforgottohavelunch.

IfThoughthat高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件10.________wemakegooduseo56改錯:1.Thoughheworkedhard,buthedidn'tpasstheEnglishexam.2.Becausehegotuplate,sohedidn'tgottothestationomtime.3.ShehadtaughtEnglishfortwentyyearssinceshecametothisschool.4.Itisnotpolitetostaytoolatebeforetheotherguestshavegone.5.Iwaswonderingwhattodowhileanideaoccurredtome.6.Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件改錯:高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習57

語篇填空

MyclassmateMichaelstudiedveryhard_____hewenttoseniorschool.Everydayheworked_____everyonelefttheclassroom.Hesaidhewouldn'tstoptrying_____hegotsatisfyingscoresinhisstudies.Hard_____hetried,hemadelittleprogress,buthedidn'tloseheartatall______hebelievedaslongashepersistedhewouldsucceedoneday._____timewentby,hemadeimprovementsinhisstudiesandhewasadmittedtoauniversityinBeijingatlast.Wehadaget-togetherparty____westartedournewlifeinuniversity.Everyonehadgotoffersfromuniversities,_____wehadaverygoodtime.Whenwestood_____weusedtoplayandstudy,wecouldn'thelpthinkingofourhappyolddays.Webelievedwewouldneverforgeteachother,________wewouldgoorwhateverwewoulddo.afteruntilunlessasbecauseAsbeforesowherewherever高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件高考英語一輪復習狀語從句(全)解析課件

58狀語從句AdverbialClauses狀語從句AdverbialClauses59

什么是狀語

修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或整個句子,表示行為發(fā)生的時間,地點,目的,方式,程度,結(jié)果等的詞,短語或句子叫狀語.

60試分析句子中的狀語:1.Sheusuallygetsupat7o'clock.2.Isawhimplayingbasketballontheplayground.3.Tom'sfathergotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.4.Luckily,hegottotheairportontime.5.Hewasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercameback.試分析句子中的狀語:1.Sheusuallygetsu61

Whatare“

AdverbialClauses”?

狀語從句是用來表示主句動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、原因、方式、結(jié)果、目的、地點、比較、讓步等關(guān)系的從句。

W62

考點一

狀語從句分類考點一63狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.

原因狀語從句4.條件狀語從句5.讓步狀語從句6.目的狀語從句7.結(jié)果狀語從句8.方式狀語從句9.比較狀語從句狀語從句1.時間狀語從句2.地點狀語從句3.原因狀語從句4641.時間狀語從句常用連接詞如下:when,while,as,till/until,not…till/until,before,since,after,once,assoonas特殊連接詞:

immediately/directly/instantlythemoment/theinstant/theminute,bythetime/eachtime/everytime/whenevernosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when1.時間狀語從句常用連接詞如下:特殊連接詞:65連詞

詞義

用法

when

當....的時候

狀語從句謂語動詞可是延續(xù)性動詞,也可是瞬間動詞既可以指一個時間點,也可以是一段時間,可表示主從句的動作同時或先后發(fā)生

while

當....的時候

狀語從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞指一段時間,強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi),主從句動作同時發(fā)生

as

一邊.....一邊......隨著狀語從句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞強調(diào)主句﹑從句動作相并發(fā)生1)when/while/as連詞詞義66例句:WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSunday.

Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.Whilehewasreading,hiswifewascooking.Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.例句:WhenIlivedthere,Iusedt67題組訓練,用when/while/as填空①___________Iwaswalkingatthebusstop,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore.②______Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch.③______hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgaredning.When/While/AsWhenAs題組訓練,用when/while/as填空①________68注意:另外,when/while還作并列連詞,連接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:IlikereadingwhilemywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示“就在這時”

在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中,表示某件事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生,另一動作同時發(fā)生。1.beabouttodo…when…2.bedoing…when…3.haddone…when…e.g.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein.注意:另外,when/while還作并列連詞,連接并列分句69注意特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1)OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway__mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when2)我正在做飯,這時,門鈴響了。

Iwasdoingsomecookingwhenthedoorbellrang.注意特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1)OneFriday,wewerepa703)Iwasabouttoleaveworkwhenitbegantorainheavily.我正要下班,這時,天開始下大雨了

4)Hehadjustfinishedhishomeworkwhenthelightwentout.他剛好完成他的作業(yè)突然燈熄滅了。3)Iwasabouttoleaveworkw712).till/until和not......until2).till/until和not......until723)after,beforeafter意為:在......之后before意為:在......之前,還未......就......,不到......就......,......才......,還沒來得及......就......3)after,beforeafter意為:在.....73例句:

Hechangedhisideaafterhethoughtitover.他在仔細思考了之后改變了注意。ItwashalfayearbeforeIcameback.半年后我才回來。Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.我們跑了不到一英里他就感覺累了。例句:ItwashalfayearbeforeI74句型:It’s/willbe+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時表示過了多久才Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.我們過很久才能見面。句型:75It’s/will(not)be+一段時間before+一般現(xiàn)在時

表示沒過多久就Itwon'tbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.過不了多久我們就會再見面了。It’s/will(not)be+一段時間befor764)since引導的時間狀語從句since意為“自從......”,引導的從句謂語動詞一般是非延續(xù)性動詞,通常用一般過去式,主句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性的或者反復發(fā)生的動作,時態(tài)常用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.自從她離開學校就在這個工廠工作。4)since引導的時間狀語從句since意為“自從....77若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時,則從句表示的時間是“從動作開始的那一時刻起”ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmokeacigar.我吸雪茄已經(jīng)三年了。若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性的過去時,則從句78若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞的過去時時,則從句表示的時間是“從持續(xù)動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起”

Itisalreadythreeyearssincehewasateacher.他不當教師已經(jīng)三年了。ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.我不吸雪茄已經(jīng)有三年了。若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的79比較:HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自從我病愈以來,他屢次給我寫信。(從句謂語為狀態(tài)動詞)

HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自從我生病以來,他就屢次給我寫信。

比較:805)表示一.......就.......的連詞5)表示一.......就.......的連詞81注意:nosooner....than...,hardly/scarely...when....所在的主句謂語動詞用過去完成時,而than、when引導的從句后面應(yīng)用一般過去時。此外,當把nosooner,hardly/scarely提到句首時,其主句要用倒裝語序Wehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.=Nosooner

hadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.我們一到火車站,火車就離站了。注意:nosooner....than...,hardly826)everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime,anytime引導時間狀語從句,表示“每當...,每次...,下次.....”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.每當我處于困境,他就會來幫助我。Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.下次你來的時候,一定記得把你兒子帶來。6)everytime,eachtime,nextti83practice1.I'lltellhimtogiveyouacall_____hecomesback.A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but2.Don’tforgettowashyourhands_______youhavemeals.A.untilB.beforeC.whenD.while3.---Wherewasyourbrotheratthistimelastnight?---Hewaswritingane-mail_____IwaswatchingTVathome.A.assoonasB.afterC.untilD.whilepractice1.I'lltellhimtogi844.---Hurryup.Thebusiscoming.---Waitamoment.Don’tcrossthestreet___thetrafficlightsaregreen.A.a(chǎn)fterB.untilC.whileDsince5.Allthestudentshavelearnedalot____theycametothisschool.A.whenB.assoonasC.sinceD.while4.---Hurryup.Thebusiscom852.地點狀語從句連接詞:where/wherever位置:指具體時間時,從句可放在任何地方;表示抽象的含義時,從句需放在主句之前

a.Juststaywhereyouare.

b.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.

c.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.2.地點狀語從句連接詞:位置:指具體時間時,從句可放在任何地863.原因狀語從句連詞:because因為as由于since/nowthat既然for因為inthat因為seeingthat鑒于consideringthat考慮到because:直接原因,非推斷。語氣最強.回答whysince:顯而易見的已知的原因,譯為“既然”,通常放句首。as: 不談自明的原因,語氣最弱.for: 附加、推斷的原因,通常放句中,引導后半句表原因。3.原因狀語從句連詞:because:直接原因,非推斷。語87a.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.b.Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.c.Hemustbeill,

forheisabsenttoday.a.Since/Astheweatherisso884.條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導:if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)(如果),supposing(that)(假若,倘使),onconditionthat(條件是)

等。4.條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動89e.g.a.We’llcomeovertoseeyouon

Saturday______wehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeople____welive.ifaslongase.g.ifaslongas901.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas1.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep

hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether1.Wewillbeabletogetther915.讓步狀語從句連接詞:although/though(盡管,雖然);as(盡管,雖然);when(盡管);evevthough/evenif(即使);whether......or....(不管......還是......);疑問詞+ever/nomatter+疑問詞(不管......;無論......)讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后,有時插在主句中間。5.讓步狀語從句連接詞:讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后,有時921)Heisunhappy,_______hehasalotofmoney.2)Child____heis,theboyknowsalot.3)_____________itisraining,wewillgothere.4)________yousay,hewon'tbelieveyou.thoughasEvenif/thoughWhateverthoughasEvenif/thoughWhatever93注意:(1)although與though兩者意思相同,一般可互換,都可以與yet/still連用,但不能和but連用

Although/thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.(2)though還可以用作副詞,意為“可是,然而”,置于句末。

Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn't,though.(3)when/while也可以做從屬連詞,表讓步,while常用在句首,when常用在句中,相當于although.Suddenly,shestoppedwhensheoughttohavecontinued.

WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.注意:94(4)as引導讓步狀語從句時,意為“盡管,雖然”,放在句首必須使用倒裝語序。通常如果從句中有形容詞或名詞作表語,則把表語置于句首,而且名詞前要省略冠詞;如果從句中有修飾動詞的副詞,則將該副詞置于句首;如果從句中有情態(tài)動詞,則將情態(tài)動詞后的動詞原形置于句首。

Oldas/thoughheis,heworksveryhard.(表語倒裝)=Althoughheisold,heworksveryhard.

Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.(謂語動詞倒裝)

Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn’twanttobuyit.(狀語倒裝)(4)as引導讓步狀語從句時,意為“盡管,雖然”,放在句首必956.目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的連詞:inorderthatsothatforfearthat(唯恐,以免某事會發(fā)生);incase(以防);

用于正式文體中,所引從句可于主句前或后a.

較常用,一般用于主句后,有時可分開,so有時可省;從句中要有情態(tài)動詞,否則,就成為下一種句型:b.

無情態(tài)動詞則引導結(jié)果狀語從句。6.目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的連詞:inordert96Iwillspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstandme.Inoredrthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedfortheparkearly.Marydidn'twanttogetoutofbedforfearthatshemightwakeherbabyup.Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains.例句:Iwillspeakslowlysothat/in977.結(jié)果狀語從句(1)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:

so/sothat/so...that.../such....that....

too....to..../enoughto.....(2)句型結(jié)構(gòu)

①…so+adj./adv.+that…②soadj.a/an+n.+that…③somany/few/much/little(少)+n.(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))+that…④such+a/an+adj.+n.+that…⑤such+adj.+n.(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))+that…7.結(jié)果狀語從句(1)引導結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有:981)HeranssofastthatIcan'tcatchupwithhim.2)Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.=Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.3)Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.4)Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.5)Socleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.(為了強調(diào)adj/adv,當so/such置于句首時,主句要用倒裝語序)1)HeranssofastthatIcan't99too......to....太...而不能...enoughto......達到某種程度可以.....Hedidn'tgetupearlyenoughtocatchthebus.=Hegotuptoolatetocatchthebus.too......to....太...而不能...Hedi1008.方式狀語從句從屬連詞:as正如asif/asthough好像,仿佛

asif/asthough引導的從句可以用虛擬語氣,但如果從句中的情況可能實現(xiàn),也可用陳述語氣。8.方式狀語從句從屬連詞:as正如asif/as101Theladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson.(虛擬語氣)Heclosedhiseyesasifhewastired.(陳述語氣)Doasyouaretold,oryouwillbefired.Theladytreatstheboyasif1029.比較狀語從句從屬連詞as…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than,themore+adj./adv.;themore+adj./adv.9.比較狀語從句從屬連詞as…as,notso103e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.

b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.

c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashe104考點二狀語從句中的時態(tài)考點二1051.在條件,時間從句和讓步狀語從句中,主句是一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時,用現(xiàn)在完成時表將來完成時,用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來進行時。(主將從現(xiàn))2.在since引導的時間狀語從句中,動詞一般用一般過去時,而主句常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時。若since從句用haddone,則主句用一般過去式。Itis/hasbeen……sinceS+V(一般過去)Itwas…….sinceS+haddone1.在條件,時間從句和讓步狀語從句中,主句是一般將來時,從句106Theyaregoingtohaveapicnicifitdoesn’trainnextweek.AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillhavegonehome.Theyaregoingtohaveapicni107考點三狀語從句中成分的省略考點三108當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時,從句的主語可以省略。謂語則按下面幾種情況省略或變化:“系表”結(jié)構(gòu)省略be動詞;被動語態(tài)省略助動詞be;主動語態(tài)的動詞則變?yōu)閐oing。當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時,從109Ifnecessary(如果有必要的話),I’llexplainittoyouagain.Thoughlacking(lack)money,theysenttheirchildrentoschool.Hestoppedasiftosee(se

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