新概念英語聽課筆記

新概念英語聽課筆記新概念英語聽課筆記新概念英語聽課筆記xxx公司新概念英語聽課筆記文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度新概念英語聽課筆記主講老師：屈慧貞使用教材：新概念英語第二冊QQ:654409503概述：1Vocabulary2GrammarUnit1句子結(jié)構(gòu)；事態(tài)語態(tài)Unit2定語從句；同位語從句Unit3非謂語動(dòng)詞；獨(dú)立主格Unit4倒裝；虛擬語氣3Listeningandspeaking5ReadingandWriting6Assistanceinexaminations詞類：1名詞2動(dòng)詞3形容詞4副詞5介詞6冠詞7代詞8數(shù)詞9連詞10嘆詞基本句型：主語+不及物動(dòng)詞Thetelephonerang.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語Igotveryangry.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語ILoveanimals.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Heisfindingthistripveryexciting.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+雙賓語HelenteabookHelentabooktome.詞匯：Private–adj.1個(gè)人的；私人的2私營的；私立的同義詞：personal反義詞：Public–adj.公開的；公共的；公立的短語：inpublic（公開地）inprivate（私下里；單獨(dú)地）Seat–n.座位（抽象的作為）vt.使就坐短語：Have/Takeaseat,pleaseIsthisseattaken?Seatoneself常用beseated形式：Shewasseatedatthetable.辨異：bench長椅couch沙發(fā)Angry生氣Grouchy不高興的Cross/annoyed(angry)生氣的Mad/furious-adj.狂怒的；暴怒的Areyoumadatme,orsomething你生我氣了嗎？Attention注意短語：PayattentiontoPaygreatattentionto非常注意Paynoattentionto一點(diǎn)不注意Bear1.v忍受；容忍2.v生育例句：Icanbearyou.注意：bear表示“生育”用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)是，過去分詞用born而不是borne.同義詞：Stand;PutupwithBusiness–n.事；事情例句：ItisnoneofyourbusinessMindyourownbusinessThatismybusiness其他搭配：GotothetheatreGotothecinemaGotoschool’GotohospitalGotochurch去做禮拜BeinterestedinIwasinterestedintheplainTakean/greatinterestin對XXX感興趣（書面語）Enjoydoingsth(enjoy享受)Ayoungcouple一對年輕情侶Aheadof(動(dòng)態(tài)概念)9/8/20091:07:13PMGive、lead、send接雙賓語Find、make、feel可接賓補(bǔ)副詞一般不作賓補(bǔ)Get、become、turn變得Turnaround、round轉(zhuǎn)身Lookat可以當(dāng)成及物動(dòng)詞詞組Notice強(qiáng)調(diào)感官注意到Playattentionto心理上重視Intheend（不用于句子中）=atleast=finallyAgain=onceagain=oncemore=onemoretimeLesson2Until1.Prep直到2.conj直到Wetalkeduntilmidnight.WetalkeduntiltherainstoppedNot……until……到**時(shí)才/再From……until……從……到……FromMondaytoFridayMondaythroughFridayTill……（不用于句首）upto……Sofar=untilnow=uptonowSofarsogood直到現(xiàn)在一切都好Ringv.（鈴，電話等）響。n.戒指，指環(huán)狀物rangrung可當(dāng)及物與不及物JustthenthetelephonerangPleaseringthebellifyouneedhelpRingabell有印象，依稀記得Itdoesnotringabellwithme.Iwillring/callyoutonightIwillgivearing/calltonightAuntn.姑，姨，嬸子，舅母Unclen.叔，伯，姑父，姨夫Nephewn.侄子，外甥Niecen.侄女，外甥女Cousinn.堂兄弟姐妹，表兄弟姐妹Brunchn.早午飯It虛主語，多指時(shí)間，天氣，環(huán)境，距離It’soneo’clockIt’scold/hottodayIt’sdarkoutsideIt’s2milesfrommyhometotheschool時(shí)間頻率副詞never/rarely/seldom/sometimes/often/usually/always……副詞再句子中，多位于實(shí)意動(dòng)詞（表示具體動(dòng)作）之前，助動(dòng)（do/be/have）和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can/may/must/should/will……）之后YoushouldnevertrusthimDoyoualwaysgetupsolate?Sleeplate睡到很晚才起Gotobedlate睡的很晚Stayup熬夜Stayinbed呆在床上Lieinbed躺在床上Remaininbed躺再床上Sometime一段時(shí)間Sometime某個(gè)時(shí)候Sometimes有時(shí)候IwillcallyousometimenextweekIwillbeawayforsometimeThis/that/next/last前面不加介詞Outof反義詞into感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)一What+a/an(+形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主+謂）Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!結(jié)構(gòu)二What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞（+主語、謂語）Whatlovelychildren(theyare)!Whatterribleweather(itis)!結(jié)構(gòu)三How+形容詞/副詞（+主語+謂語）Howhandsome(theboyis)!Howbeautiful(thegirlis)!結(jié)構(gòu)四How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語+謂語）Howcuteaboy(heis)Howinterestingastory(itis)!現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句S.+be+(am/is/are)+doing否定句S.+be+not+doing一般疑問句Be+S.+doing特殊疑問句疑問句+be+S.+doing表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作IammovingthisweekendHe’smeetingthemanagertomorrowJustthen=atthatmoment（正在那時(shí)）Justadv.剛剛（句子中位置同時(shí)間頻率副詞）英式用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（如本文）美式用于一般過去時(shí)問時(shí)間What’stimeisit?

Havegotthetime?Gotthetime?Doyouhavethetime?Lesson3SendV.寄，送（sent,sent）雙賓語SendsthtosbdSendsbdsth郵寄：英：post美:mailSpoilv.損壞、毀掉、寵壞=ruinRuinone’slifeSheisspoiled她被寵壞了。Damagev.損壞（物）Destroyv.徹底摧毀（物）Thebridgewasdamaged/destroyedInjurev.使人受到身體的傷害（事故）Woundv.使人受到刀傷或槍傷Thewounded傷員Hurtv.使人受到身體、精神上的傷害Youhurtmyheart.你傷了我的心。Friendlyadj.有好的、親切的N+ly=adj.像……一樣的Manly有男子氣概的、（女）像男人的Womanly有女子氣概的、像女人的Miserly吝嗇的（misern.守財(cái)奴）Cowardly膽小的（cowardn.懦夫）Lendv.借給（lent.lent）區(qū)分：borrowv.借（入）句型：borrowsthfromsbd無borrowsbdsth結(jié)構(gòu)Decisionn.決定句型：、MakeadecisionReachadecisionArriveatadecisionCometoadecisionShemadeadecisiontomarrytheyoungman.同義：Decidetodo……Makeupone’smindtodo下定決心ImadeupmymindtostudyabroadSingle1.Adj.唯一的、單一的2.Adj.單身的，未婚的。=availableAsinglebed單人床Asingleticket(美用aone–wayticket)單程票Doubleadj.兩個(gè)的、雙倍的Adoublebed/roomThirdadj.三個(gè)的、三倍的Engaged訂婚的Married結(jié)婚的Divorced離婚的過去時(shí)時(shí)間過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的習(xí)慣，反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)一般動(dòng)詞。S(主語)+Ved(動(dòng)詞一般過去式)否定：s+didn’tv(原型)疑問：did+s+v(原型)……

be動(dòng)詞s（主語）+was/were否定：s+wasn’t/weren’t疑問：was/were+s……

補(bǔ)充：一般過去式經(jīng)常和表示過去時(shí)間的狀語連用如:yesterday;lastweek;twoyearsago;in1999等。9/8/200910:07:01PMIt’sGreektome我一點(diǎn)也聽不懂。Everydaylife日常生活Thinkof原來不知道，但是現(xiàn)在想到了想到Thinkabout想著Pass=goby=flyHowtimeflies!時(shí)間過的真快啊！Bysthforsbd=bysbdsth用for的：buymakedofindcall(Iwillcallataxiforyou.)Spend……onsthSpend……（In）Allday=thewholedayPay錢tosbdforsthLesson4Excitingadj.令人興奮的ExcitingnewsIfoundthegameveryexcitingExcitedadj.感到興奮的TheexcitedaboutExciteexcitementInterestinginterestedSurprisingsurprisedSatisfyingsatisfiedReceivev.接受、受到、得到Receivealetter/agiftReceivegoodeducationReceiveawarmwelcomeReceive……from……Ireceivedaletter/aphonecallfrommymotherthismorning.Get=receiveIgotaletter/aphonecallfrommymotherthismorning.Sendv.寄、送acceptv.接受（更強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的接受）Isenthimagift,buthedidn’treceiveit.Ireceivedaninvitation,butIdidn’tacceptit.Differentadj.不同的AisdifferentfrombAisdifferentthanb(am.e)SameAisthesameasba和b相同Indifferentadj.冷漠的Heisindifferenttoallpeople.Indifferencen.冷漠Loveme,orhateme,butshownoindifference.Abroadadv.到國外、在國外Goabroad出國LiveabroadStudyabroadTravelabroadForeignadj.國外的Overseasadj.&adv.大洋彼岸的Foreign/overseasstudentsWorkoverseas/abroadAboardadv.上船、車、飛機(jī)，在船、車、飛機(jī)上Allaboard全體上車Welcomeaboard！歡迎加盟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成肯：S.+have/has+done否：S.+haven’t/hasn’t+done疑：have/has+S.done使用條件：1表示一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。2動(dòng)作在過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生，但對現(xiàn)在的影響依然存在，二具體發(fā)生時(shí)間不明，一旦有具體發(fā)生的時(shí)間，就必須用一般過去時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：句子中出現(xiàn)下列時(shí)間狀語常常提示我們應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Just(英式),lately,recently,yet,already,ever,never,sofar,uptonow,before,for…,since…,…同位語（appositive）：如果一句話中兩個(gè)句子成分所指內(nèi)容相同，則后者成為前者的同位語。JohnSmith,afriendofmine,hasjustcalled.主系表表語：補(bǔ)充說明主語，常由名詞；形容詞；副詞；介賓或句子組成。注意：不可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。Die,marry,come,arrive,leave,go,finish,buy,etc.Mydoghasdiedforthreeyears.×Mydoghasbeendiedforthreeyears.Workfor+公司W(wǎng)orkas+職務(wù)+for+公司Heisworkingasanengineerforabigfirm.I’mworkingasanEnglishteacherforneworientalschool.表示“已經(jīng)……”在肯定句中用“already”多位于句中；在否定和疑問句中用“yet”，（否定句中翻譯為“還（沒有）……”）多位于句尾。Anumberof…一些；若干……Agreatnumberof…大量的……Leaveto把某物遺贈(zèng)給某人Leavefor為某人留下什么Flyto=byplane/airGoto…inahurry=hurryto匆忙的Beforeadv.以前（單獨(dú)使用，位于句尾，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞之一）Agoadv.…以前(不能單獨(dú)使用，用于一般過去時(shí))IsawhimtwodaysagoFind+賓語+賓補(bǔ)覺得、認(rèn)為某人某物……Ifindthebookveryuseful.Ifindthegirlcleveranddiligent.IfindEnglishdifficultbutveryinteresting.Mary在英國住了三年MaryhaslivedinEnglandfor3yearsMary還沒有去英國Maryhasn’tgonetoEnglandyet.Mary以前從來沒有去過英國MaryhasneverbeentoEnglandbefore.區(qū)分havegoneto/havebeentoInthisway=bythismeansBytheway順便問一下，對了Onthe/one’swayto…去……的路上Onthe/mywaytoworkOnthe/mywayhomeInthe/one’sway擋（某人的）路Thereisamotorcycleinmyway/onmywaytothestation.Inaway從某種程度上講。Inaway,heisverysuccessful.Lesson6定冠詞aantheA/an不定冠詞，只修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。The定冠詞，可修飾任何名詞。A/an用于第一次出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)的人或物前，用a還是an取決于后面單詞的第一個(gè)音標(biāo)；如是元音用an，輔音用a。定冠詞the常見的三種用法1用于特指的人或物前Thewatchismine.2用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前Thesun/earth/moonTheGreatWallTheEuropeanUnion3用于上文中提到過的人或物前地理名詞（江河海山川等<湖例外>）前要加定冠詞the，如：TheThamesTheRockyMountainsThePacificOceanTheMiddleEast湖前常不加定冠詞：LakeGeneva日內(nèi)瓦湖但人名國家名城市名前一半不加冠詞。少數(shù)國家例外，如：TheUnitedStatesTheUnitedKingdomThePeople’sRepublicofChina拿首字母代替一般可以不加the，但是全寫要加。ThePhilippinesTheNetherlandsTheDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea朝鮮民主主義共和國表示很多個(gè)同名同姓的人中的一個(gè)時(shí)，人名之前需要加a/an。表示事物種類的方法一不可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞二可數(shù)名詞有三種形式1名詞復(fù)數(shù)2the+單數(shù)名詞3a/an+單數(shù)名詞Horsesarebeautifulanimals.ThehorseisabeautifulanimalAhorseisabeautifulanimal.Lession7Expectv.期待、等待Iamexpectingapresentfromhim.Ididn’texpectthatyoucamesoearly.Expectsbdtodosth期待某人做某事ExpectsthtobedoneIstillexpectthepolicetofindmybag.Istillexpectybagtobefoundbythepolice.Valuableadj.貴重的，寶貴的AvaluableringValuableadviceDon’twasteyourvaluabletime.Valuen.價(jià)值Valuelessadj.一錢不值的Invaluable價(jià)值高的無法估計(jì)的，值錢的。Pricelessadj.無價(jià)的，值錢的Precious寶貴的Diamondn.鉆石閱讀詞匯（了解詞匯）Ruby紅寶石Emerald綠寶石Sapphire藍(lán)寶石Platinum鉑金Stealv.偷（stole,stolen）Stealsth(fromsbd)Athiefstolemybag(fromme)Robv.搶Robsbd/sp(ofsth)Arobberrobbedmeofmybag.要點(diǎn)：steal的賓語是東西，rob的賓語是人或地點(diǎn)。HiswalletwasstolenHishousewasrobbedGuardn.1警戒，首位2警衛(wèi)員Beonguard很警惕，在站崗Twomenareonguardatthegate.Beoffguard不警惕Catchsbdoff-guard讓某人很驚訝Yourarrivalreallycaughtmeoff-guard.Bodyguardn.保鏢Lifeguardn.救生員Safeguardv.保護(hù)，捍衛(wèi)Punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的Punctuality準(zhǔn)時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)間：表示過去某時(shí)或末階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：S+was/were+doing…否定:S+wasn’t/weren’t+doing疑問：Was/were+S+doing…

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常用于、when、while及as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中。WhileIwassleeping,thetelephonerang.YesterdaywhenIwaswalkingdownthestreet,ImetSusan.Callthepolice打電話報(bào)警Gotothepolice去報(bào)警Tellpolice報(bào)警Trytodo努力去做Trydoing嘗試做某事以下詞類不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1短暫性動(dòng)詞。2靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Love/have/exist/think/understand區(qū)分Theother另一個(gè)（指兩個(gè)中另一個(gè)）Hecameinwithanappleinonehandandanorangeintheother.Another另一個(gè)（多指三個(gè)以上中）Givemeanotherone.Ineedanothertwodays.Others代詞，常用語some…(the)others結(jié)構(gòu)Somepeoplecamebackwhiletheothersdidn’tOther其他的，常作形容詞。OtherstudentsWhereismyothershoe?Therest其他的，其余的。Toone’s+N.Befullof裝滿了，充滿了Befilledwith充滿著動(dòng)詞短語賓語的位置及物動(dòng)詞詞組的賓語若是名詞可放中間可放末尾，若是代詞只能放中間；不及物動(dòng)詞詞組的賓語無論名詞代詞只能放末尾。Lesion8Competitionn.1比賽、競賽2競爭AchesscompetitionAbeautycompetitionCompetitioninthemarketCompetewith…與……競爭比賽Competitorn.競爭者，對手Competitiveadj.競爭性的Competitivenessn.競爭力China’scompetitivenessininternationalmarketsMatch/game2名運(yùn)動(dòng)員或2支球隊(duì)的比賽Aball/boxingmatch/gameContest由裁判打分的比賽Abeauty/singing/dancingcontestRace競速比賽Acar/swimming/horseraceTheOlympicGamesPathn.小路，小徑Thepathtosuccess/victory/freedom…Road泛指道路Street城市里的街道Avenue/boulevard林蔭大道（多用于街道的名字）FifthAvenueChang’anBoulevardHighway城市間的公路Motorway/freeway高速路Expressway高速路形容詞的比較級最高級英語中大多數(shù)形容詞副詞有三種形式：原級、比較級、最高級。比較級，最高級變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，單音節(jié)詞和以y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞詞尾加-er構(gòu)成比較級，加-est構(gòu)成最高級。一般情況+-er/esthardharderhardest以-e結(jié)尾+r/-stlargelargerlargest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾把y變成i再加-er/estbusybusierbusiest以一個(gè)元音字母+一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾比較級最高級變化規(guī)則2多音節(jié)詞（通常大于等于兩個(gè)音節(jié)）的比較級最高級分別為：More+原級themost+原級原級比較級最高級GoodwellbetterbestBadbadlyillworseworstMuchmanymoremostLittlelessleastFarfarther(具體的遠(yuǎn))farthest（具體的遠(yuǎn)）Further（抽象的遠(yuǎn)）furthest(抽象的遠(yuǎn))Oldolderelderoldesteldest形容詞最高級前必須加the，副詞最高級前的the可以省略。在表示范圍的詞前加In，在表示群體的詞前加of或among。Mr.YuistherichestmaninBeijing.ThegirlspeaksEnglish(the)bestof/amongus.Enterforsomething報(bào)名參加比賽、考試Signupforsomething報(bào)名參加課程N(yùn)early100studentssignedupfortheEnglishcourse.Joinin/takepartin/participateinsomething參加（活動(dòng)、比賽、會(huì)議等）Joinsomething參加某個(gè)組織Winwonwon贏得……Wefinallywonthegame.Ifinallywonhisheart.BeatbeatbeatenDefeatdefeateddefeatedWefinallybeat/defeatedthatteam.形容詞副詞比較級+than…1MaryismorebeautifulthanJane.2MaryismorebeautifulthanJaneis.Grow/raisesomething種植（花、蔬菜、水果、莊家……）Raisesomething還可表示“養(yǎng)殖家禽、家畜”Plantsomething種花、種樹（不表示培育）系動(dòng)詞后可跟形容詞Itgrewdark.天變得黑了Growup長大成人Build=make建造Gardeningisahardjob.Gardeningishardwork.Job可數(shù)work不可數(shù)Thanksfor因?yàn)長esson91n.歡迎v.歡迎adj.受歡迎的Acold/warmwelcomeWereceivedawarmwelcome我們受到熱烈的歡迎Welcome!WelcometoBeijing.Youarewelcome.不客氣：NotatallYouarewelcomeIt’smypleasure.It’snothingDon’tmentionit.Anytime.Sure.Gatherv.聚集Acrowdofpeoplegatheredatthegate.Gathercrops收割莊稼Thedarknessgathered.夜色漸濃Gatherrosebudswhileyoumay花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。Cometogether到一起來，聚集Collect聚集Refusev.拒絕Refuse+n./pron.Refuse+todo…Sherefusedthegift/present.Ineverrefusetohelpoldfriends.Refusaln.拒絕Hisrefusalhurtsfeelings.Turndown拒絕Don`tturn6medown別拒絕我Sayno(to……)拒絕Hesaidnotoanysuggestions.Declinev.婉言謝絕Hedeclinedtheinvitation.Rejectv.拒絕接受（尤指申請……）Hisapplicationwasrejected.Itonlyacceptsstudentsrejectedbyuniversities.介詞：In/at/onIalwayscallmymomintheevening.IalwayscallmymomonSaturdayevenings.Onacoldwintermorning.OnthenextnightOnawindynightOn+天特定某天的某個(gè)時(shí)間。NewYear`seve新年前夜ChineseNewYear`seveChristmasEveHalloweenEve萬圣節(jié)前夜Crowd>group/party/band一群（人）Gang一幫（壞人）GangofFour四人幫People=personsStrike–struck–struck(鐘)打點(diǎn)、報(bào)時(shí)In20minutes在二十分鐘后In+一段時(shí)間年、月、四季大地點(diǎn)ThemorningTheafternoonTheeveningAt+時(shí)間點(diǎn)小地點(diǎn)NoonNightDawnDuskHearfromsomebody收到某人的來信Hearofsomebody/something聽說SomethinghappenAcaraccidenthappenedtohim.Pastprep./advPassv.Cross/acrossIcrossedthestreet/Iwalkedacrossthestreet.Begintodo=BegindoingStarttodo/doingStoptodo停下來去做一件事stopdoing停下正在做的事Lessons10Keyn.1(琴、打字機(jī)、電腦)鍵Keyboard鍵盤2鑰匙、答案、關(guān)鍵ThekeytothedoorThekeytothequestionEnglishhasnowbecomeaninternationallanguage.Therefore,ifyouhaveagoodcommandofthislanguage,youholdthekeytosuccessTheanswertothequestionTheentrancetothebuildingThepathtosuccess成功之路ThesolutiontotheproblemShockvt.使震驚（多為不好的事）Shockedadj.感到震驚的Shockingadj.令人震驚的Beshockedat/by…對……感到震驚Shockn.震驚那個(gè)消息讓我很震驚:ThenewsshockedmeIwasshockedatthenewsThenewswasshocking(tome)ThenewsgavemeashockShockvt.只指壞的，程度重Surprisevt.可好可壞，程度不重Astonishvt.使驚訝（難以置信）Amazevt.使驚訝（令人迷惑）Amazingadj.棒極了Languageisthemostastonishingbehaviorintheanimalkingdom.Allowsomebodytodo允許某人去做PermitsomebodytodoGivesomebodypermissiontodoForbidsomebodytodo/fromdoingHeisforbiddentoleavethecountryFromleavingthecountryProhibitsomebodyfromdoingBansomebodyfromdoingBan強(qiáng)調(diào)立法禁止被動(dòng)語態(tài)A+DO+BB+be+done(+bya)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的不同事態(tài)體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在am/is/are+done一般過去was/were+done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行am/is/are+being+done過去進(jìn)行was/were+being+done現(xiàn)在完成has/have+been+done過去完成had+been+done一般將來will+be+done過去將來would+be+done被動(dòng)語態(tài)多用于以下場合1不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者Thetemplewasbuiltin18002沒必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者Thetempleisbeingrepaired3強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者Brucewashitbyacar比較：AcarhitBruceCallABBemadein在某地制造Bemadefrom由……制造Bemadeof由……制造ThewineismadefromgrapesBemadeinto…被做成……Theclothwasmadeintoadress.BemadeforThecoffeewasmadeforyou.Keepvt.放置（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）Put/placevt.放置（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）Heput/placedthekeysinhispocket.Healwayskeepsthekeysinhispocket.livingroom客廳sittingroom客廳bathroom廁所restroom公共廁所bedroom臥室kitchen廚房diningroom餐廳garage車庫study書房attic閣樓basement地下室balcony陽臺(tái)yard院子storeroom儲(chǔ)藏室guestroom客房BelongtoBelongingsPlaythe+樂器So……that……太……以至于……Afatherofmyfather`s(friends)Oneofmyfather`sfriends（雙重所有格）Lesson12Luckn.幸運(yùn)、運(yùn)氣（不可數(shù)）Goodluck!WishmeluckBetterlucknexttime!Luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的Eightismyluckynumber.Luckyyou!/Luckyme!It`syour/myluckyday!Youshouldthankyourluckystars.Sailv.乘船航行Sailfrom…to…Drivefrom…to…Flyfrom…to…Goto…byboat/ship/car/train/plainGoto…bywater/sea/land/airGoto…onfootProudadj.驕傲的Heisasproudasapeacock.Beproudof…對……感到驕傲Takepridein…對……感到驕傲Prideoneselfon…以……而驕傲Heisproudofhiswork.Hetakesprideinhiswork.Heprideshimselfonhiswork.Modestadj.謙虛的Bemodestabout…對……謙虛Heisverymodestabouthisachievements.Modestyn.謙虛、謙遜Goodbye./Bye./Bye-byeByefornow.Seeyou(later/around/soon)Seeyoulater,alligator.Afterawhile,crocodile.Solong.(很長時(shí)間都不會(huì)再見了)Ta–Ta一路順風(fēng)Haveanice/goodtrip/journey!Happylandings!Bonvoyage!一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況肯定句S.+will/shall+do否定句S.+will/shall+not+do或者S.+won`t/shan`t+do疑問句will/shall+S.+doShall只用于第一人稱（Iwe），當(dāng)代英語多用will代替之。Meetsomebody在約定場所與某人見面See/wavesomebodyoff向某人告別Johnwenttothedoortosee/waveheroff.Say/wavegoodbyetosomebody.Wave/kisssomebodygoodbyeEarlyinthemorning在凌晨IntheearlymorningLateintheafternoon在傍晚InthelateafternoonSailacrosstheAtlantic橫渡大西洋FlyacrosstheEnglishChannel飛躍英吉利海峽動(dòng)詞+across+賓語Cross+賓語+方式狀語CrosstheAtlanticbyboatCrosstheEnglishChannelbyplaneWalkacrossthecountryCrossthecountryonfoot四大洋TheAtlantic(Ocean)大西洋ThePacific(Ocean)太平洋TheIndianOcean印度洋TheArctic(Ocean)北冰洋啟程、出發(fā)Setout/offStartout/offPlentyof充足的、綽綽有余的（修飾可數(shù)、不可使）Plentyof=enough充足的、足夠的：AmpleAbundantSayhi（to…）向某人問好Saynoto…Saynotodrugs拒絕毒品Lesson13將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)Willbedoing…1表示將來某時(shí)將正在做的事。Whatwillyoubedoingat8o`clocktomorrowmorning?

Iwillbesleeping.2表示將要做的事，類似于一般將來，比一般將來更強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作的有計(jì)劃性和安排行。將來進(jìn)行時(shí)尤其用于可預(yù)見性的將來或詢問別人的計(jì)劃打算時(shí)Iwillbegoingabroadnextyear.Willyoubehavingdinnerwithustonight?

洗衣服：DothelaundryWouldyouspeakEnglish

Amusingadj.令人好笑的Amuseadj.感到好笑的Amusev.令……感到好笑Thestoryamusedme.Iwasamusedbythestory.Thestorywasamusing.Amusementn.娛樂、消遣Amusementpark游樂場Experience1.n.經(jīng)歷（c）2.N.經(jīng)驗(yàn)(u)AhappyexperienceWeshouldlearnfrompastexperience.Experienceisthemotherofwisdom經(jīng)驗(yàn)是智慧之母Experiencev.經(jīng)歷某事Ihaveneverexperiencesuchathing.Experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的AnexperienceteacherLifen.搭便車Give/offersomebodyalift/ride讓某人搭便車，用車順便送某人Asksomebodyforalife/ride請求搭某人的便車Thumb/hitchalift/ride搭某人的便車Hitchhikev.搭便車IhitchhikedtoTianjinduringmysummervacation.Reply/answer/respond辨析Iaskedhimaquestionbuthedidn`treply/answer/respond.Hedidn`treplytomyquestionAnswermyquestionRespondtomyquestion.ThereplytothequestionTheanswertothequestionTheresponsetothequestion過去完成時(shí)使用條件：表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某時(shí)之前，即一定強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去的過去”過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成肯定句S.+had+done否定句S.+hadnot/hadn`t+done疑問句Had+S.+doneIn/on/tothesouthof…表示地理方位：In在內(nèi)部On接壤To不接壤Shanghaiisinthesouthofchina.Vietnamisonthesouthofchina.Indonesiaistothesouthofchina.Waveto/at(遠(yuǎn)：to近：at)向……揮手Shout/yell幾個(gè)接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)多用一般過去時(shí)Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandsatdownatthetable.Iaskedhimaquestionbuthedidn`tanswer.Assoonasconj.剛一……就……引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，位于主句前后均可，當(dāng)主句用一般過去時(shí)時(shí)，從句中用一般過去時(shí)（更常見）或過去完成時(shí)均可。跟在連詞之后的是從句Themoment/minute=assoonas=immediatelyGetinto/outof上、下小汽車Geton/off上、下公車TheytalkedinEnglish/French/Chinese/Spanish…Pleasewriteitinpencil/ink.Hepaidincash/dollars.Hepaidbycheque(check)/creditcard.Apartfrom/asidefrom…除了1除了……之外還有……=beside/inadditionto…HecanspeakEnglishapartfrom/besides/inadditiontoChinese.2除了……，不包括……=except/exceptfor…Weallwentthereapartfrom/exceptjohnExcept/exceptfor1在句首時(shí)用exceptfor.Exceptforme,everyonewaslate.2在句子中時(shí)，前后若同類用except,前后不同類用exceptfor.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSunday.YourcompositionisgoodexceptforsomewrongwordsThisdressisbeautifulexceptforthebuttons.Neitherof…兩個(gè)都不……Noneof…三個(gè)以上都不……Bothof…兩個(gè)都……Allof…三個(gè)以上都……Eitherof…兩個(gè)中任何一個(gè)……Eachof…三個(gè)以上中任何一個(gè)……When引導(dǎo)的句子，若主句用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，則把when翻譯為：“這時(shí)”，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)從句中的動(dòng)作。Learn(of/about)something.獲悉、得知Lesson15直接引語與間接引語直接引語間接引語都是賓語。直接引語即一字不差地引用別人的話，需放在引號(hào)（單引號(hào)）內(nèi)；間接引語則是用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不用引號(hào)。直接引語變間接引語時(shí)須注意人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化：人稱的變化：按照中文作相應(yīng)的改變。時(shí)態(tài)的變化：1若當(dāng)即轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，動(dòng)詞（如say、tell等）用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則直接引語中的時(shí)態(tài)不用作任何改變。2若過了一段時(shí)間在轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)（said，told等），則時(shí)態(tài)需作如下變化：直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對應(yīng)的過去式賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)需和主句保持一致：1若主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，則從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)；2若主句用過去時(shí)態(tài)，則從句必須用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（客觀真理除外）。SaysomethingSaytosomebodySaysomethingtosomebodySay(that)…TellsomebodysomethingParkvi.停放（汽車）Don`tparkyourcarhere.WherecanIpark?

NoparkingNosmoking/nospitting/nofishing/nocamping…Parkn.公園=publicgarden2carpark(停車場)Trafficn.交通；路上的車輛（u）Thereisalotoftrafficontheroad.Thetrafficisveryheavyduringtherushhour.Trafficlight/rules/accident/jam/policeman…Signn.1指示牌Street/roadsignsAno-smokingsign2屬相、星座屬相：animalsign星座：starsignSignature簽名Signfor簽收Signupfor報(bào)名參見……課程Remindern.提醒（C）Thisnoteisonlyareminder.Remindvt.提醒，使想起Remindsomebodytodo…提醒某人做……Pleaseremindmetocallmymomthisafternoon.Remindsomebodyof….使某人想起……Youremindmeofoneofmyclassmates.Rubsomebodyof….搶某人的…………Warnsomebodyof…警告某人……Informsomebodyof….通知某人……Convincesomebodyof…說服某人……Failtodo…1忘記，疏忽做某事Ifailedtowashthedishes.2沒能做成某事Theletterfailedtoarrive.Thedoctorfiledtosavetheboy`slife.Failvt./vi.失利、考試不及格Hefailedtheexam.Hefailedintheexam.Failsomebody令……失望=letsomebodydownHefailedhisparentsbecausehefailedtheexam.條件狀語從句If引導(dǎo)的田間狀語從句1真實(shí)條件句2非真實(shí)條件句（即虛擬語氣）If引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)If從句主句現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行，現(xiàn)在完成）一般將來時(shí)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句切忌：if從句不能用將來時(shí)態(tài)?？谠E：主將從現(xiàn)，主情從現(xiàn)，主祈從現(xiàn)Ifyoumove,Iwillshootyou.Ifheissleeping,don`twakehim.Ifyouhavefinishedthehousework,youcanseethemovie.狀語從句都可以放在主句前、主句后。Ifyoumarryme,Iwillmakeyouhappy.Ifitdoesnotraintomorrowraintomorrow,wecanclimbtheFragrantHills.沒有單數(shù)：PolicepeoplecattleLetsomebodydo讓某人做某事Makesomebodydo使、強(qiáng)迫某人做某事Enjoyone`sstay在……過得愉快（尤其指對外國人、外地人）EnjoyyourstayinBeijing.Payattentionto…Takenoticeof…Cannotcan`tcannotFailtodo沒能……Cannotfailtodo一定能、會(huì)……Neverfailtodo總是能、總會(huì)……Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.WheneverIamintrouble,myfriendneverfailstohelpme.May,might,could,must均可表示推測；Must語氣最強(qiáng)，翻譯為：一定，否定需要用can`tMay/might/could/must若表示對過去的推測，后用完成形式。即：musthavedoneYoumusthavebeenillyesterday.Shouldhavedone本來該做，其實(shí)沒有做以下情況一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)里have之后可以加got：1擁有2生病3havetoLesson20Catchv.抓住caughtcaughtTheearlybirdcatchestheworm.Catchfire著火Catchabus趕公車Catchacold得感冒Catchsightof……看見……Catchsomebody`seye吸引某人的目光Thatfancycarreallycaughtmyeye.Catchupwith…趕上……Yougofirst.I`llcatchup(withyou).Becaughtin…趕上（壞天氣，塞車等）。Iwascaughtinastorm/trafficjamthismorning.Wasten.浪費(fèi)Hastemakeswaste欲速則不達(dá)It`sawasteof……這是浪費(fèi)Itisawasteoftime/money/effort/breath…這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢、經(jīng)歷、唇舌Wastesomethingon…把……浪費(fèi)在……Don`twasteyourmoneyonthatjunk.Somethingiswastedonsomebody某人不珍惜某物Youthiswastedontheyoung年輕人虛擲了青春Wasteadj.廢棄的WastepaperWastepaperbasketRealizevt.1意識(shí)到，明白……Hehasn`trealizedhismistakeyet2實(shí)現(xiàn)=fulfil/fulfillRealizeone`sdream/hope…Lesson21現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行；動(dòng)名詞作定語表示功能。Bottomsup!舉杯Makeuseof利用Hemadethevestuseofhistalent.MusthavedoneMusthavebeendoneHome/house/familyOffersomebodysomethingOffersomethingtosomebodySomebodybeofferedsomethingSomethingbeofferedtosomebodyProbablymaybeperhaps句子中間句子開頭句子開頭Lesson22Dreamv.做夢，夢想（dreamed或dreamt）n.夢、夢想Ihaveadream.AlIhavetodoisdream.Dreamof/about…Dreamthat…Idreamedofbecomingabillionaire.IdreamedthatIbecomeabillionaire.Dreamadream做了一個(gè)夢只有用它本身做賓語時(shí)才及物。Idreamedasweetdreamlastnight.Dreamon做夢吧、不可能Dreamboat夢中情人Nightmaren.噩夢Haveanightmare切記：介詞之后出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞。Lesson25Railwayn.鐵路=railroad(美國)火車站：RailwaystationrailroadstationtrainstationLightrailway(lightrail美國)輕軌Underground(subway美國)地鐵Severaladj.幾個(gè)，若干多指三個(gè)以上，但不是很多，只修飾可數(shù)名詞。Hecanspeakseverallanguages.Pron.幾個(gè)，若干個(gè)Severalofushaveseenthemovie.Anumberof類似several,只修飾可數(shù)名詞Some修飾可數(shù)不可數(shù)均行Afew很少幾個(gè)，相當(dāng)于asmallnumberof只修飾可數(shù)Acoupleof一對，一雙，兩三個(gè)，只修飾可數(shù)。Wonderv.感到奇怪IwonderedWonderat/aboutIwonderedatseeinghimthere.v.想知道Iwaswonderingifyoucoulddomeafavor.n.奇跡TheSevenWondersoftheWorldWonderfuladj.奇跡般的，棒極了Onlythegooddieyoung好人不長命Prettyface,poorfate紅顏薄命Eventually最終Ultimately最終表示原因：Becauseassincefor(不用于句首)(連詞)Notonly…but…aswellNeither…nor…就近原則Either…or或者……或者……就近原則主謂一致1可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。2oneof,each