小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練xxx公司小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練動(dòng)詞的定義：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。表示動(dòng)詞的詞如ask,walk等動(dòng)詞的分類：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又叫行為動(dòng)詞，能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)：如open，hold,learn系動(dòng)詞又稱連系動(dòng)詞，不能獨(dú)立做謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須接表語(yǔ)組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等：be動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞，主要協(xié)助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫做助動(dòng)詞。它本身沒(méi)有詞義，和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可構(gòu)成否定或疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)：do、will、should、would情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能、應(yīng)該或必要等。由于詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，要后接動(dòng)詞完成謂語(yǔ)部分：must、can、could、may、will動(dòng)詞的基本形式動(dòng)詞原形：動(dòng)詞未經(jīng)任何變化的原來(lái)形式。如：have、cut、see第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成和名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成法相似。A.直接加“s”：read--readsleave---leavesB.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加“s”:come--comesclose---closesC.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾的單詞,加“es”:watch---watchesfix---fixeswash---washesgo--goesD.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，變“y”為“i”,再加“es”:cry---criesE.以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加“s”:play---plays過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則：A.直接加“ed”：look--lookedwatch---watchedB.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，直接加“d”:live--livedlove--lovedC.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，變“y”為“i”,再加“ed”:cry---criedD.以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加“s”:play---playedE.動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化表Infinitive

Pasttense

Infinitive

Pasttense1.am,is

was

2.keep

kept3.are

were

4.let

let5.become

became

6.make

made7.begin

began

8.meet

met9.bite

bit

10.put

put11.blow

blew

12.read

read13.buy

bought

14.ride

rode15.catch

caught

16.run

e

came

18.say

said19.cost

cost

20.see

saw21.cut

cut

22.sing

sang23.dig

dug

24.sit

sat25.do

did

26.sleep

slept27.draw

drew

28.speak

spoke29.drink

drank

30.sweep

swept31.eat

ate

32.take

took33.fall

fell

34.teach

taught35.feed

fed

36.tell

told37.feel

felt

38.think

thought39.fly

flew

40.throw

threw41.forget

forgot

42.understand

understood43.get

got

44.give

gave45.wake

woke

46.go

went47.wear

wore

48.grow

grew49.win

won

50.have/has

had51.write

wrote

52.know

knew53.breakbroke4.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):表示經(jīng)常性、規(guī)律性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.動(dòng)作詞一般用原形，但如果是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)（如Tony，he，she），動(dòng)作詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即加s或es;在主語(yǔ)前加do,does幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形；在動(dòng)作詞前加don’t,doesn’t幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。2.句子中沒(méi)動(dòng)作詞時(shí)，用be動(dòng)詞：is,am,are；is,am,are放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；is,am,are后面加上not幫助否定句。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,should，must引起的句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；can,may,should，must放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；can,may,should,must后面加上not幫助否定句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形。4.肯定祈使：動(dòng)詞原形+其它否定祈使句：Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它5．感嘆句：Whatamess!Whatabeautifuldesert!Whatbeautifulflowers!——What+(形)名Howbeautiful!Howbeautifulthefloweris!Howbeautifultheflowersare!——How+形A.肯定句：(非第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它WecomefromChina.(第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+Vs+其它HecomesfromChina.主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)+其它WearefromChina.主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,may,should,must)+V+其它Shemustgo.B.否定句：(非第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+don’t+V+其它Wedon’tcomefromChina.(第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+doesn’t+V+其它Hedoesn’tcomefromChina.主語(yǔ)+be(is,am,are)not+其它Iaren’tfromChina.主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,may,should,must)+not+V+其它C．一般疑問(wèn)句：Do+(非第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它DoyoucomefromChina?

Does+(第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+Vs+其它DoeshecomefromChina?

be(Is,Am,Are)+主語(yǔ)+其它AreyoufromChina?

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Can,May,Should,Must)+主語(yǔ)+V+其它Shecan’tgo.D．特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do+(非第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+V+其它Wheredoyoucomefrom?

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+does+(第三人稱單數(shù))主語(yǔ)+Vs+其它Wheredoeshecomefrom?

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be(is,am,are)+主語(yǔ)+其它Whereareyoufrom?

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Can,May,Should,Must)+主語(yǔ)+V+其它Canshego?

二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.be動(dòng)詞(is,am,are)+動(dòng)詞ing(現(xiàn)在分詞)；is,am,are放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing；is,am,are后面加上not幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing。A.肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be（is,am,are）+Ving+其它Theyarecominghere.B.否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（is,am,are）+not+Ving+其它Theyaren’tcominghere.C.一般疑問(wèn)句：be（Is,Am,Are）+主語(yǔ)+Ving+其它Aretheycominghere?

D.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be（is,am,are）+主語(yǔ)+Ving+其它Whataretheydoing?

三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.動(dòng)作詞用過(guò)去式(ed)；在主語(yǔ)前加did幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形；在動(dòng)作詞前加didn’t幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。2.句子中沒(méi)動(dòng)作詞時(shí)，用be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式：was,were；was,were放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；was,were后面加上not幫助否定句。A.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+Ved+其它WecamefromChina主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+其它WewerefromChina.B.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn’t+V+其它Wedidn’tcomefromChina.主語(yǔ)+be(was,were)+not+其它Weweren’tfromChina.C．一般疑問(wèn)句：Did+主語(yǔ)+V+其它DidyoucomefromChina?

be(Was,Were)+主語(yǔ)+其它WereyoufromChina?

D．特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+V+其它Wheredidyoufrom?

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be(was,were)+主語(yǔ)+其它Wherewerefrom?

四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形is,am,are放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句；is,am,are后面加上not幫助否定句。2.will+動(dòng)詞原形will放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形；will后面加上not幫助否定句，后面接動(dòng)詞用原形。A.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+will+V+其它Hewilldigahole.主語(yǔ)+begoingto+V+其它Heisgoingtodigahole.B.否定句：主語(yǔ)+willnot+V+其它Hewon’tdigahole.主語(yǔ)+benotgoinggo+V+其它Heisn’tgoingtodigahole.C．一般疑問(wèn)句：Will+主語(yǔ)+V+其它Willhedigahole?

Be(Is,Am,Are)+主語(yǔ)goingto+V+其它Ishegoingtodidahole?

D．特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will+主語(yǔ)+V+其它Whatwillhedo?

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be(is,am,are)+主語(yǔ)goingto+V+其它Whatishegoingtodo?

五、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：1.be動(dòng)詞(was,were)+動(dòng)詞ing；was,were放在主語(yǔ)前幫助疑問(wèn)句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing；was,were后面加上not幫助否定句，后面的動(dòng)詞加ing。A.肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be（was,were）+VingHewasdiggingahole.B.否定句：主語(yǔ)+be（was,were）+not+VingHewasn’tdiggingahole.C.一般疑問(wèn)句：be（Was,Were）+主語(yǔ)+VingWashediggingahole?

D.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be（was,were）+主語(yǔ)+VingWhatwashedoing（二）時(shí)態(tài)意義與結(jié)構(gòu)一覽表：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)意義與動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞形式常用時(shí)間肯定句否定句(特殊)疑問(wèn)句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞三單isisnot(疑問(wèn)詞)is+主語(yǔ)always,often,nowusually,sometimes,ever,never,inthemorning’intheafternoon,intheevening,atnight,onSunday,everyonceaweek,twiceamonth,3timesayearIamamnot(疑問(wèn)詞)am+主語(yǔ)you,復(fù)arearenot(疑問(wèn)詞)are+主語(yǔ)2.表示經(jīng)常性習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作、興趣愛(ài)好或能力。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞所有主語(yǔ)can+Vcannot+V(疑問(wèn)詞)can+主語(yǔ)+Vmay+Vmaynot+V(疑問(wèn)詞)may+主語(yǔ)+Vmust+Vmustnot+V(疑問(wèn)詞)must+主語(yǔ)+Vshould+Vshouldnot+V(疑問(wèn)詞)should+主語(yǔ)+V行為動(dòng)詞三單Vsdoesn’t+V(疑問(wèn)詞)does+主語(yǔ)+V非三單Vdon’t+V(疑問(wèn)詞)do+主語(yǔ)+V3.祈使句be無(wú)BeDon’tbeBequick.Don’tbeworried.行為無(wú)VDon’t+VListentome.Don’tpush.4.感嘆句Whatamess!Whatabeautifuldesert!Whatbeautifulflowers!Howbeautiful!Howbeautifulthefloweris!Howbeautifultheflowersare!一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去了的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。be動(dòng)詞單—youwaswasnot(疑問(wèn)詞)was+主語(yǔ)yesterday,thismorning,beforethat,last…復(fù)+youwerewerenot(疑問(wèn)詞)were+主語(yǔ)行為所有主語(yǔ)Veddidn’t+V(疑問(wèn)詞)did+主語(yǔ)+V現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為動(dòng)詞三單is+Vingisnot+Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)is+主語(yǔ)+Vingnow,Listen!Look!Where’sIam+Vingamnot+Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)am+主語(yǔ)+Vingyou,復(fù)are+Vingarenot+Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)are+主語(yǔ)+Ving過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。行為單—youwas+Vingwasnot+Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)was+主語(yǔ)+Vingyesterdaythismorningatthattimeatnine…復(fù)+youwere+Vingwerenot+Ving(疑問(wèn)詞)were+主語(yǔ)+Ving一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1be所有主語(yǔ)will+bewon’t+be(疑問(wèn)詞)will+主語(yǔ)+betomorrow,thisevening,later,inaminute,afterthat,next…行為Will+Vwon’t+V(疑問(wèn)詞)Will+主語(yǔ)+V2行為動(dòng)詞三單isgoingto+Visnotgoingto+V(疑問(wèn)詞)is+主語(yǔ)goingto+VIamamnotgoingto+V(疑問(wèn)詞)am+主語(yǔ)you,復(fù)arenotgoingto+V(疑問(wèn)詞)+主語(yǔ)習(xí)題：I______(benot)amiddleschoolstudent.

2．She______(be)