專題23 人與社會之公益事業(yè)與志愿服務(wù)-2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測（新教材新高考）（測）（含答案解析）

人與自我之語言學(xué)習(xí)（測）滿分：50得分閱讀理解（每小題2分，共16）A（2021.寧夏長慶高級中學(xué)高三月考）Itwasthefirstdayofspringherebutitdidn'tfeellikeit.TheCOVID-19epidemic（流彳亍病）wassweepingtheglobeandeverywheretherewerefeelingsoffearandloneliness."SocialDistancing^^hadbecomethenewnorm.Heretheschoolshadbeenclosed,therestaurantdiningroomshadbeenshut,andpeoplehadbeentoldtoworkfromhomewhenevertheycould.Eventheshelteredworkshopwheremyoldestsonworkedhadbeencloseduntilfurthernotice.Peoplehadmadearunonthestoresandlargeareasoftheshelveswerebare.Onthenewsthenumbersofthesickanddeadcontinuedtorise.Itfeltliketherewasaweightonthesoulsofeveryoneintheworld.MyfamilywerestayingathomeasmuchaspossibleandasIlookedoutofmywindowIwonderedhowlongthiscrisiswouldlast.Itwasthen,however,thatIsawsomethingthatliftedthatweightoffofmysoul,mademesmile,andmademyheartfeelhappyagain.Onthestreetbelowmyhousetherewasanoldfriendofminefromhighschoolwhowasateacherthere.Withhimwasmyyoungerson'sformeraidefromthehighschoolaswell.Theyweredeliveringtheschoollunchesdoortodoortothehungrychildrenwhowerestuckathome.Watchingthemmademethinkofsomethingeveryone'schildhoodtelevisionneighbor,Mr.Roger'soncesaid:nInthebadtimes,alwayslookforthehelpers.HIhavenodoubtthatthiscrisiswillpassasallthecrisisbefore.Butitisourchoiceonwhetheritbringsoutthebestinusortheworstinus.Letitbringoutthebestinyou.Useittostrengthenyourfaith.Useittofreeyourselffromfear.Useittogrowkinder,moregiving,andmoreloving.Becomeahelpertoallthoseinneedandyouwillbeahappypersontodayandallthedaystocome.Whydidn*ttheauthorlikethefirstdayofspring?Hehadtoworkathomeinsteadofatoffice.Therewasn'tsocialdistancebetweeneachother.Therewasanepidemiceverywhereintheworld.Hisowncompanyhadbeenclosedforalongtime.Howdidpeoplefeelinthefaceoftheepidemic?A.Disappointed.B.TenseC.Confident.D.Cheerful.Whatmadetheauthorhappy?悟3.詞匯激活行為類①撞上：bumpinto/knockinto②到達(dá)：arrive/reach③給予：give/offer情緒類①恐懼地：interror/inhorror/infear②感謝的：thankful/grateful/appreciative【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]."Weibesafehere."shesaid,tryingtosoundcalm.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語）[高分句型2].WithoutJessica,shecouldhardlyimaginewhatwouldhavehappenedtoZack.（運(yùn)用了what弓|導(dǎo)的賓語從句）Seeingsomeonedeliveringlunchesfromdoortodoor.Talkingwithhisoldfriendinthestreet.Watchingachildhoodtelevisionathome.Stayingtogetherwithhisfamily.WhatdoMr.Roger'swordsactuallymean?Itsnotnecessaryforustofindhelpersinbadtimes.Ingoodtimesweneedn'tdomuchtohelpothers.Weshouldaskmorepeopletohelpusinbadtimes.Wearesupposedtohelpeachotherinbadtimes.【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議。在新春來臨之際，新型冠狀病毒席卷全球。在這危難的時(shí)刻，作者欣喜地看到街道上有人在挨家挨戶地給困在家里饑餓的兒童送餐。作者認(rèn)為，在危急的時(shí)刻，人們?nèi)匀徽莆罩x擇權(quán)，選擇守望相助。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"TheCOVID-19epidemic（流行病）wassweepingtheglobeandeverywheretherewerefeelingsoffearandloneliness.（新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球，人們感到恐懼和孤獨(dú)）”可知，作者并不喜歡新春的第一天，因?yàn)樾滦凸跔畈《驹谌蚵印９蔬xC項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehadmadearunonthestoresandlargeareasoftheshelveswerebare.Onthenewsthenumbersofthesickanddeadcontinuedtorise,Itfeltliketherewasaweightonthesoulsofeveryoneintheworld.（人們紛紛涌向商店，大面積的貨架都是光禿禿的。在患病和死亡人數(shù)持續(xù)上升的新聞報(bào)道中，感覺好像有一種重量壓在了世界上每個(gè)人的靈魂上廣可知，人們在商店搶購貨物，聽到疫情的蔓延，心情沉重，由此推知，面對新冠疫情，人們感到非常緊張、焦慮。故選B項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itwasthen,however,thatIsawsomethingthatliftedthatweightoffofmysoul,mademesmile,andmademyheartfeelhappyagain.（然而，就在那時(shí)，我看到了一件事，它卸下了我靈魂的重負(fù)，讓我微笑，讓我的心再次感到快樂）''和"Theyweredeliveringtheschoollunchesdoortodoortothehungrychildrenwhowerestuckathome.（他們正在挨家挨戶地為被困在家里的饑餓的孩子們送學(xué)校的午餐）”可知，讓作者深感欣慰的是看到有人在挨家挨戶地給人送餐。故選A項(xiàng)。.詞句猜測題。文中作者引用了Mr.Rogerthebadtimes,alwayslookforthehelpers?9,結(jié)合上文所述在疫情期間,人們相互幫助的事情，和最后一段“Becomeahelpertoallthoseinneedandyouwillbeahappypersontodayandallthedaystocome.（成為那些需要幫助的人的幫手，你將會是一個(gè)快樂的人今天和所有的日子廣作者呼吁大家要互相幫助，由此可知，這句話的意思是“在危急的時(shí)刻，人們都應(yīng)該互相幫助:故選D

項(xiàng)。B（2021?山西運(yùn)城.高三月考）In1990,HalDonaldsonwas23yearsold,freshoutofcollegeandfoundhimselfinCalcutta,India,wherehewasaskedtointerviewMotherTeresa.Donaldsonsaysaboutthegreatwomanfamedforfeedingthehungry,"Shewasn'twearingshoesandherankleswereswollen.Shesatdownwithmeandwasverypolite."Aftertheinterview,MotherTeresaaskedhim,“Whatareyoudoingtohelpthepoor?”Donaldsonadmittedthathewasyoungandwasn*tfocusedonhelpingothers.Withasmileonherface,MotherTeresasaid,"Everyonecandosomething.ThosewordsdeeplystruckDonaldsonandforcedhimtofacesomehardtruthsabouthimself.HalDonaldsongrewupintheSanFranciscoBayarea.Whenhewas12yearsold,hisparentswerehitbyadrunkdriver;hisfatherdied,andhismotherwasseriouslyinjured.Tomakeendsmeet,theywentonwelfare.Donaldsonsays,"Ihadholesinmyshoesandclothes.Whenyou'reteasedatschoolforthat,youjustwanttoescape.^^Hemanagedtodojustthat.DonaldsongotintocollegeandturnedhisfocustomakingmoneyforhimselfHesaysJTwasjusttryingtofindmywayoutofinsignificance.However,it'seasytooverlookothersalongtheway.Iwastheguythatwouldseeahomelesspersonandcrossthestreet,soIdidn'thavetoconfront（面對）him.Myfocuswasonclimbingtothetopinsteadofhelpingthosetryingtoclimbwithme.”DonaldsonreturnedhomefromIndiawithadifferentthought.HetraveledtoeightcitiesinAmericaandstayedonthestreetsandlistenedtostoriesofthehomeless.t6Myheartbroke,“hesays.knewIcouldnolongerjustlivefbrmyself.^^InspiredbyMotherTeresa'swordsandthestorieshe'dheardacrossAmerica.Donaldsonloadedapick-uptruckwith$300worthofgroceriesandhandedthemouttoanyonewhoneededhelp.In1994,Donaldsoncreatedthenonprofitorganization,ConvoyforHope,whichworkswithcommunitiesacrossAmericaandaroundtheworld.Theirworkfocusesonfeedingchildren,women'sempowerment,helpingfarmersanddisasterservices.Whatdid23-year-oldHalDonaldsondoinIndia?A.Heattendedaninterviewforacollege.B.HefedthehungrywithMotherTeresa.C.HeinterviewedMotherTeresa.D.Hedidsomethingtohelpthepoor.WhatcanwelearnaboutHalDonaldsonfromparagraph4?A.Hewasbornwithdisability.B.Heledahardlifeasachild.C.Hewaswelltreatedatschool.D.Hesurvivedasaparentlessboy.C.Hewaswelltreatedatschool.D.Hesurvivedasaparentlessboy.HowdoesHalDonaldsondescribehimselfincollege?A.Self-centered.B.Sympathetic.C.Popular.D.Casual.HowdidHalDonaldsonchangeafterhereturnedhomefromIndia?A.Hepreferredtravelingtovolunteering.B.Hesuddenlyfellinlovewithjournalism.C.Heturnedhisfocustolivingforhimself.D.Hegraduallydevotedhimselftohelpingothers.【答案】5.C6.B7.A8.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從小生活艱苦的HalDonaldson在努力改善生活條件的時(shí)候忽視了身邊的人，而他與MotherTeresa的一次交流觸動了他，他開始關(guān)注那些需要幫助的人并逐漸致力于幫助他人。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In1990,HalDonaldsonwas23yearsold,freshoutofcollegeandfoundhimselfinCalcutta,India,wherehewasaskedtointerviewMotherTeresa.（1990年，23歲的HalDonaldson,剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè),來到印度加爾各答，在那里他被要求采訪MotherTeresa）”可知I,23歲的HalDonaldson在印度采訪了MotherTeresao故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whenhewas12yearsold,hisparentswerehitbyadrunkdriver;hisfatherdied,andhismotherwasseriouslyinjured.Tomakeendsmeet,theywentonwelfare.（12歲時(shí)，他的父母被酒后駕車的司機(jī)撞了；他的父親去世了，他的母親受了重傷。為了收支相抵，他們靠救濟(jì)生活廠可推斷，童年時(shí)期的HalDonaldson過著艱難的生活。故選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Iwasjusttryingtofindmywayoutofinsignificance.However,it*seasytooverlookothersalongtheway.Iwastheguythatwouldseeahomelesspersonandcrossthestreet,soIdidn*thavetoconfront（面對）him.Myfocuswasonclimbingtothetopinsteadofhelpingthosetryingtoclimbwithme.（我只是想擺脫自己的卑微。然而，在這個(gè)過程中很容易忽略其他人。我是那種看到無家可歸的人就會過馬路的人，所以我不用去面對他。我的注意力集中在攀登頂峰上，而不是幫助那些試圖和我一起攀登的人廣可推斷，大學(xué)時(shí)期的HalDonaldson只關(guān)注如何改善自己的生活，是一個(gè)以自我為中心的人。故選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"DonaldsonreturnedhomefromIndiawithadifferentthought.HetraveledtoeightcitiesinAmericaandstayedonthestreetsandlistenedtostoriesofthehomeless.（Donaldson從印度回到家后，想法轉(zhuǎn)變了。他在美國去八個(gè)城市旅行了，待在街道上，傾聽那些無家可歸人們的故事）”和最后一段"InspiredbyMotherTeresa'swordsandthestorieshe'dheardacrossAmerica.Donaldsonloadedapick-uptruckwith$300worthofgroceriesandhandedthemouttoanyonewhoneededhelp.In1994,Donaldsoncreatedthenonprofitorganization,ConvoyforHope,whichworkswithcommunitiesacrossAmericaandaroundtheworld.（MotherTeresa的話語和他在美國各地聽到的故事激勵(lì)了他。Donaldson把價(jià)值300美元的食品雜貨裝上一輛小貨車，分發(fā)給任何需要幫助的人。1994年，Donaldson創(chuàng)立了非營利組織“希望車隊(duì)”，與美國和世界各地的社區(qū)合作廠可推斷，HalDonaldson從印度回家以后開始關(guān)注別人的生活并逐漸致力于幫助別人。故選Do完形填空（2021.遼寧沈陽.高三期中）（每小題1分，共15分）WhenArunKrishnamurthywasateenager,hewitnessedapondnearhishomefilledupwithtrash.Thedamagetothepondmadeagreattothebeautifulpondinhismemory.Sohedecidedtodosomethingto2itsoriginalbeauty.In2007,KrishnamurthyandhisteamfoundedtheEFIto3thegarbageandrestorethenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants,givingwildlifeachanceto4Overthepastfewyears,theEFIhas5restorationworkon112lakesandponds.6EFIaimedtorestorelakesandponds.However,itsfar-reachinginfluencesurprisedKrishnamurthy.Theworkhas7India'swatersupplyforithelpsgroundwaterrecharge.Infact,groundwateris8toIndia,accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply.However,overusingwaterisreducingreservesgreatly.Governmentisrequiredtotakesomemeasures,butKrishnamurthybelievesitis9thatplaysasignificantrole.Currently,theEFIisfacinga10whenitcomestowastedisposal（處理）.Upto95%ofthesolidwasteit11fromlakesandpondsendsupinlandfills.Thegroupisresearchingonvarious12ofreusingandrecyclingmoreofthetrash.Despitethedifficulties,hefeels13notonlyforIndiabutfortheworld.He14everyonetocareforlakesandponds,thedumping4頃彳到）ofthewasteandneedsofwildlife.Withtheright15eachofuscan

A.transportsA.transportsA.standardsA.hopefulA.permitsA.conclusions【答案】1.A2.B3.makeadifferencetoourplanet.1.A.contrastB.differenceC.responseD.contribution2.A.replaceB.regainC.exploreD.demonstrate3.A.storeB,recycleC,destroyD.remove4.A.returnB,escapeC?competeD.remember5.A.lookedintoB.heldupC.carriedoutD.cutoff6.A.NaturallyB.OriginallyC.FinallyD.Actually7.A.changedB.interruptedC.benefitedD.reflected8.A.familiarB,attractiveC.vitalD.cruel9.A.individualsB,membersC.organizersD.leaders10.A.choiceB.challengeC.defeatD.topicA.transportsA.standardsA.hopefulA.permitsA.transportsA.standardsA.hopefulA.permitsA.conclusions【答案】1.A2.B3.B,formsB,methodsB,readyB,teachesB,assessmentsD4.A5.C6.B7.C.rescuesC.policiesgratefulC-warnsC.intentionsC8.C9.A10.Bll.collectsD.consequencesD.happyD.urgesD.occasionsD12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了ArunKrishnamurthy及他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)，努力修復(fù)污染的湖泊和海洋，為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：池塘遭到的破壞與他記憶中美麗的池塘形成了強(qiáng)烈的對比。A.contrast對照；B.difference不同；C.response反應(yīng)；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。“damage"與"thebeautifulpond”之間應(yīng)該是形成鮮明對比。故選A項(xiàng)。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他決定做點(diǎn)什么來恢復(fù)它原來的美麗。A.replace代替；B.regain重獲;C.explore探索；D.demonstrate說明。根據(jù)語境，Arun看到池塘遭到破壞之后，應(yīng)該是想恢復(fù)（restore）它的美麗。故選B項(xiàng)。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2007年，Krishnamurthy和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)成立了EFL清除垃圾，恢復(fù)鳥類、青蛙和本地植物的自然棲息地，給野生動物一個(gè)回歸的機(jī)會。A.store儲存；B.recycle循環(huán)；C.destroy破壞；D.remove移除。根據(jù)后文“restorethenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants”中的restore可推知，Arun想清除（remove）垃圾，然后重塑野生動植物的棲息地。故選D項(xiàng)。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:2007年，Krishnamurthy和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)成立了EFI,清除垃圾，恢復(fù)鳥類、青蛙和本地植物的自然棲息地，給野生動物一個(gè)回歸的機(jī)會。A.return返還，回歸；B.escape逃跑；C.compete完成；D.remember記住。根據(jù)前文“restorethenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants”可推知，EFI意圖使野生動物回歸（return）。故選A項(xiàng)。.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在過去的幾年時(shí)間里，EFI已經(jīng)對112個(gè)湖泊和池塘進(jìn)行了多次修復(fù)工作。A.lookedinto調(diào)查；B.heldup舉起；C.carriedout實(shí)施；D.cutoff切斷。結(jié)合語境，EFI應(yīng)該是實(shí)施了（carryout）修復(fù)工作。故選C項(xiàng)。.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，EFI的目標(biāo)是修復(fù)湖泊和池塘。A.Naturally自然地；B.Originally起初，原先；C.Finally終于；D.Actually實(shí)際上。根據(jù)后文“Currently,theEFIisfacinga10whenitcomestowastedisposal（處理）丁可知，最初，它的目標(biāo)是湖泊和池塘，后來還有廢物處理等。故選B項(xiàng)。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)工程有利于印度的供水，因?yàn)樗兄诘叵滤难a(bǔ)給。A.changed改變；B.interrupted打擾；C.benefited使受益；D.reflected反映。根據(jù)空后的"forithelpsgroundwaterrecharge?9中的help可知，這項(xiàng)工程對印度的供水有益。故選C項(xiàng)。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，地下水對印度至關(guān)重要，占其供水量的80%oA.familiar相似的；.attractive吸引人的；C.vital重要的；D.cruel殘忍的。根據(jù)空后的"accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply”中的80%可知，地下水對印度很重要。bevitalto為固定搭配，意為“對……很重要”。故選C項(xiàng)。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：政府被要求采取一些措施，但Krishnamurthy認(rèn)為，個(gè)人的作用才是重要的。A.individuals個(gè)人；B.members成員；C.organizers組織者；D.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)空前的government及but可推知,Arun認(rèn)為個(gè)人（individual）的作用才最重要。故選A項(xiàng)。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：目前，EFI正面臨一個(gè)廢物處置的挑戰(zhàn)。A.choice選擇；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.defeat打?。籇.topic主題。根據(jù)空后的“Upto95%ofthesolidwasteit11fromlakesandpondsendsupinlandfills.”可知，廢物處理應(yīng)該是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。11.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：高達(dá)95%的從湖泊和池塘收集的固體廢物最終被填埋。A.transports運(yùn)輸；B.forms形成;C.rescues拯救;D.collects收集。collectfrom為固定搭配，意為“從???處收集”,此處指從湖泊和池塘收集的固體垃圾。故選D項(xiàng)。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)小組正在研究各種各樣的方法來回收利用更多的垃圾。A.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B.methods方法；C.policies政策；D.consequences后果。根據(jù)空后的"reusingandrecyclingmoreofthetrash”可推知，團(tuán)隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該是探索回收利用的方法。故選B項(xiàng)。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管困難重重，但他感到不僅對印度而且對全世界充滿希望。A.hopeful有希望的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.grateful感激的；D.happy開心的。根據(jù)空前的“Despitethedifficulties”可知，雖然有苦難，但是他仍然充滿希望。故選A項(xiàng)。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他敦促每個(gè)人關(guān)心湖泊和池塘，廢物傾倒和野生動物的需要。A.permits允許；B.teaches教授;C.warns警告;D.urges催促。urgesb.todosth.為固定搭配，意為“敦促某人做某事”,符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了正確的意圖，我們每個(gè)人都可以為我們的星球做出貢獻(xiàn)。A.conclusions結(jié)論；B.assessments評估；C.intentions打算，意圖；D.occasions場合。withtherightintentions為固定用法，意為“有正確意圖”，此處指保護(hù)自己周圍環(huán)境的意圖。故選C項(xiàng)。讀后續(xù)寫（19分）（2021.湖北.一模）閱讀下而材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Fromherlifeguardstationattheendofthepool,Jessicanoticedcloudsforminginthesky.Bythetimeshetookabreakat2:30,thewindwaspickingupandtheskywasdarkening.Thepoolmanagerannouncedovertheloudspeakerthatthepoolwasclosingimmediately,duetoaweatherwarning.Heaskedeveryonetoheadtothesafetyofhomebeforethestormhit.Alloftheswimmershadleftby3:30exceptforJessica'sneighbor,eight-year-oldZackHill.Zack'smotherhaddroppedhimoffatthepoolwhileshewenttowork.Shehadplannedtopickhimuplater,butthestormwascomingfast.JessicadecidedthatshewoulddropZackoffonherwayhome.ShetapedanoteforMrs.Hillonthedoorofthepoolofficeandheadedout.TheminuteJessicaandZacklefttheparkinglot,itwasclearthatthiswasnoordinarystorm.Thewindwasverystrong,thestormcloudsweredark,andtheskyhadturnedaterriblegreen.TherainhitjustasJessicaturnedontoherstreet,Jessicasaid,"Jack,Pmgoingtotakeyoutomyhouse.Weneedtogetinsiderightaway,andyourhouseisfartherawaythanmine.”Shepressedthegarage-dooropener,butnothinghappened.Theelectricitywasout.Thefrontdoorwasonlyafewfeetaway,butthewindwassostrongthatJessicaandZackhadtofighttheirwayoutofthecarandintothehouse.JessicaheldZack'shandfirmly.Thedoorwasheavywiththepressureofthewind.Finally,itopened,butitwasblownoutofJessica'shandandith