2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 介詞學(xué)案

課題名稱一輪復(fù)習(xí)介詞學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：復(fù)習(xí)介詞短語在句中可作定語、狀語、表語、賓語補足語。學(xué)習(xí)重點：介詞短語的應(yīng)用主要介詞區(qū)別表示時間的at,in,on：at表示片刻的時間，如：at8a.m.常用詞組有：atdawn,atnoon,atnight,atmidnight,attheendof,atthattime,atChristmas,atNewYear等。in表示一段的時間，女口：inthemorning/afternoon/evening,inOctober,in1998,inthe21stcentury,insummer,inthepast,inthefuture等。on扌旨特定的日子，時間：onMonday,onChristmasEve,onMayDay,onawarmmorning,onSeptember12,onthatday等。表示時間的since和from：since“自從…以來”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在完成進行時連用。from“自…起”，一般多與現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時連用。女如Ihopetodomorningexercisesfromtoday./Wehavenotseeneachothersince1995.表示時間的in和after：in+時間段，一般用于將來時。如：We'IIbebackinthreedays.after+時間段，一般用于過去時。如：Aftertwomonthshereturned.注意：after+時間點，可用于過去時和將來時。如：Afterseventherainbegantofall./Whatshallwedoaftergraduation?表示方位的in,on,to：in表示“在…內(nèi)”，BeijingisinthenorthofChina.on指“與…接壤，在河/江畔”，KorealiesontheeastofChinato指在境外某方向，只強調(diào)方向JapanliestotheeastofChina.表示“在……上”的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，如：Thereisabookonthepieceofpaper.in表示占去某物一部分，女口：Thereisaninterestingarticleinthenewspaper./Hedugaholeinthewall.表示“穿過"的through,over和across：through指在內(nèi)部穿過，across則指在表面上的橫穿，over扌旨在上方過去，跨越。如：TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossdeserts,overmountains,throughvalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.7.Intheend，attheendof，bytheendofintheend意為“最后”、“終于”；如：Intheendtheyreachedaplaceofsafetyattheendof表示“在…末梢”，“到…盡頭”，既可指時間，也可以指地上或物體；如：Attheendoftheroadstandsabeautifulgarden.TheydecidedtohaveanEnglisheveningattheendofthisweek.bytheendof作“到…末為止”解，只能指時間，如：Bytheendoflastmonthhehadfinishedthenovel.8.between，among：between一般表示兩者之間。如：Youaretositbetweenyourfatherandmeamong用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：.Thegirlquicklydisappearedamongthecrowd.注意：有時雖然是三個以上的人或東西，如果強調(diào)兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，仍用between。女口：Agreementsweremadebetweenthedifferentcountries.在談事物間的差別時，總是用between。如：Theydon'tknowthedifferencebetweenwheat,oatsandbarley．9．besides，except，but，exceptfor：besides扌旨“除了還有"。如：TwoforeignteacherswerepresentatthemeetingbesidesSmith．；except指“除…外"，不能放在句首。如：WegotoschooleverydayexceptSunday,but與except意思相近，常用在no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything,no等詞和其他疑問詞后面。如：Whobutafoolwoulddosuchathing?exceptfor表示“如無就，只是"表明理由細節(jié)。女口：Hisdiaryisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.表示用工具和手段的by,in,with：by表用工具(bytrain/land/hand/email…)或手段(byreading…)，其后的名詞前不帶冠詞；with表用工具(withapencil/oureyes),其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞修飾；in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等inpencil/English/alowvoice…)as，like：as指身份、資格，意為“作為"。如：Letmespeaktoyouasafather.(事實是父親)like作“象一樣"解。如：Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.(事實上不是父親)。as,with都有“隨著…"之意。as為連詞，后接從句。如：Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworsewith為介詞，后接名詞或代詞。.女口：Withspringcomingon,theweathergetswarmer.實戰(zhàn)演練一、介詞比較精練，用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1)thenightofMay4th,mygoodfriendleftforCanada.nightyoucanseethestarstwinkleinthesky.Sundaymorning/acoldmorningMariewaswokenupbyaloudnoise.themorningsheoftenhasmilkandsomebreadforbreakfast.the1970swehadahardtime.1)Kateiswritingafriendofhers.Kateiswritingapieceofpaper.Kateiswritingblueink.Kateiswritingapieceofchalkontheblackboard.Kateiswritingaletteranoldmanwhocan'twrite.1)Weallpassedtheexamtheend.Wehadfinishedlearningfivebookstheendoflastterm.Wewillholdapartytheendofthisterm.1)Theapplesthetreeareripe.Thebirdsthetreearesingingmerrily.ThereisamapofChinathebackwall.Thereisasmallholethewall.1)ChinaliesthewestofJapan.CanadaliesthenorthoftheUSA.CanadaliesthenorthofNorthAmerica.1)Hecandoeverythingcooking.2)HecanspeaktwootherlanguagesEnglish.3)HedidnothingwatchTVallday.Theroadwasemptyseveralcarsatthattime.1)Themantriedtowalkthebigrock.2)Themanwalkedtheroadandgotonabus.3)Themansawsomebeautifulbirdswhenwalkingthewoods.1)Thereisnosecretyouandme.2)Youarethetallestmyfriends.3)Thereisabreakclasses.1)timepassed,thingsseemedtogetworse.2)timegoingby,heknowsmoreandmore.10.1)HewillleaveforKoreathreedays.2)HewenttoBeijingandreturnedthreedays.3)Hewillbeback3p.m.HehaslivedinParisthreeyearsago.ItkeptrainingheavilyMondayWednesday.二、精典考題1.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sankachair.A.onB.offC.intoD.to2.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you'dbetterleavethebackdoor.A.forB.byC.acrossD.out3.Agreatmanshowshisgreatnessthewayhetreatslittlemen.A.underB.withC.onD.by4.IlikeMr.Miner'sspeech;itwasclearand___thepoint.A.atB.onC.toD.of5Let'slearntousetheproblemwearefacingastepping-stonetofuturesucces