牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)

牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：牛津小學(xué)英語5A英語語法及練習(xí)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)1、

therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示“某時(shí)、某地存在著什么事物或人”。這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中的there是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有詞義。be是謂語動(dòng)詞，be根據(jù)后面所及主語的不同而用is或are，地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間通常放在句子的最后。2、

therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，be在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)該與主語保持一致。主語是不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is，是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。如：Thereisabookonthedesk.Therearesomebooksonthedesk.3、

若句子中有幾個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)，be的形式要與離其最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，也就是通常所說的“就近原則”。如：Thereisaboy,agirlandtwowomeninthehouse.Therearetenstudentsandateacherintheclassroom.4、

在陳述句中為了強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)，也可將介詞短語提到句首。如：Inthetreetherearefivebirds5、Therebe的否定句：therebe的否定句式通常在be動(dòng)詞后加not，如果句中有some，要變成any。如：therearesomechildreninthepicture.畫上有一些小孩

6、Therebe的一般疑問句：仍然采用“一調(diào)二改三問號(hào)”的方法。把some變成any。語法及練習(xí)8Therebe句型與have,hasTherebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在therebe句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is;主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最*近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？8、針對(duì)主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What’s+介詞短語？

Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He_________atape-recorder.4._____________abasketballintheplayground.5.She__________somedresses.6.They___________anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou___________8.______________areading-roominthebuilding?9.WhatdoesMike___________10.______________anybooksinthebookcase?11.Myfather_________astory-book.12._______________astory-bookonthetable.13._______________anyflowersinthevase?14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?15.Myparents___________somenicepictures.16._____________somemapsonthewall.17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David__________atelescope.19.David’sfriends___________sometents.20.______________manychildrenonthehill.Fillintheblankwith“have,has”1.I_________anicepuppet.2.He_________agoodfriend.3.They__________somemasks.4.We___________someflowers.5.She___________aduck.6.Myfather____________anewbike.7.Hermother___________avase.8.Ourteacher_________anEnglishbook.9.Ourteachers___________abasketball.10.Theirparents___________someblankets11.Nancy_________manyskirts.12.David__________somejackets.13.Myfriends__________afootball.14.Whatdoyou__________

15.WhatdoesMike__________16.Whatdoyourfriends___________

17.WhatdoesHelen___________18.Hisbrother________abasketball.19.Hersister_________anicedoll.20.MissLi__________anEnglishbook.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be(am/is/are)+現(xiàn)在分詞。2、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：（1）大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞后可在動(dòng)詞后直接加-ing：sweep-sweeping；drink-drinking（2）如果動(dòng)詞以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,則去掉-e,再加-ing,：come-coming；have-having；make-making（3）請(qǐng)記住，下列單詞要雙寫最后的輔音字母：swim—swimming；let-letting；put-putting；run-running；sit-sitting；forget-forgetting3、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定形式：主語+be(am/is/are)+not+doing+其他成分Iamnotsinging.Theyaren’twriting.4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句及回答：be(am/is/are)+主語+doing+其他成分AmIsingingYes,youare./No,youaren’t.Aretheywriting

Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.

5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句及回答：特殊疑問詞+be(am/is/are)+主語+doing+其他成分WhatareyoudoingWeareplayingbasketball.6、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情，往往與now、look、listen等詞連用。Wearewaitingforyounow.Whatareyoudoing?Look!Heisopeningthewindow．

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1、動(dòng)詞第三人稱詞形變化（與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)相近）多數(shù)在動(dòng)詞后加s：play-plays；like-likes；以s，x，sh，ch，o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加es：go-goes；wash—washes；以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改i再加es：fly-flies；study—studies。2、動(dòng)詞be和have的變化形式“我”用am，“你”用are，is用于“他、她、它”除了第三人稱單數(shù)用has外，其它人稱一律用have。如：I(We，You,They)haveapen.Youhaveapen.She(He)hasapen..3、否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞(do/does)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分Hedoesn’thaveadog.

Wedon‘tlikethelittlecat.4、一般疑問句：助動(dòng)詞(do/does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分DoyoulikeitYes,Ido./No.Idon‘t.Doeshe(she)likeitYes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn’t.5、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句WhatdoeshehaveWhatdoyoudoonSunday?

代詞1、代詞的種類：（1）人稱代詞主格：I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they。在句子中作主語，通常放在句首。在疑問句中，通常放在第二位。如：Iamaboy.（2）人稱代詞賓格：me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them。在句子中作賓語，通常放在動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。Canyouhelpme.

（3）物主代詞：my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their。通常放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用。

Theyaretheirteachers.Pleasegivethemsomeflowers.（4）指示代詞：this,that,these,those。前面兩個(gè)表示單數(shù)，后面兩個(gè)表示復(fù)數(shù)。如果作為限定詞，都可以用the來替代。（5）疑問代詞：who,what,whose,which2、在連續(xù)使用兩個(gè)以上人稱代詞時(shí)，通常單數(shù)you放在第一位，I放在最后；復(fù)數(shù)we放在第一位，they放在最后。簡(jiǎn)單記成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)2、3、1，復(fù)數(shù)1、2、3。都是第三人稱單數(shù)，女后男在先。例如：YouandIcanhelpeachotherYou,TomandIareleavingnextmonth.We,youandtheyshouldgotheretogether.

重要語法規(guī)則以下一些語法規(guī)則要記牢：1.

like后面的可數(shù)名詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但有his，this，her等限定詞的除外。如：Ilikeapples.

Ilikewhiteshoes.

Welikethisapple.2.

like后面的動(dòng)詞一般用它的ing形式。如：Ilikeswimming.Ilikewatchingcartoons.3.

在以may，can,will,shall開頭的疑問句中，后面的動(dòng)詞必須用原形。如：CanyoufinditMayIcomein4.

祈使句開頭通常有please，let’s，don’t等詞，后面的動(dòng)詞必須用原形。如：Pleasegivemesomepens.

Don’tdrawonyourbook.

Let’sgotothezoo.5.

To不作介詞用時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞用原形。如：I’dliketobuyacar.

Showmehowtomakeit.6.

在疑問句中，does后面的動(dòng)詞必須用原形。如：Doeshehaveaknife

Whatdoesshewanttodotoday?語法及練習(xí)1

be動(dòng)詞Be動(dòng)詞的用法：(1)Am--wasIs--wasAre--were口訣：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，復(fù)數(shù)全用are。(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.(3)一般疑問句AmIaChineseYes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmericanYes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.IsthecatfatYes,itis.No,itisn’t.用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。1.I______aboy.______youaboyNo,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?

6.Where_____yourmotherShe______athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?

10.Whosesocks______they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.19.Sometea______intheglass.20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.22.This______notWangFang'spencil.23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland24.There______agirlintheroom.25.There______someapplesonthetree.26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?

27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?28.There_______somebreadontheplate.29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.30.You,heandI______fromChina.語法及練習(xí)2人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞和物主代詞1．人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前（有時(shí)候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。2．物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。一.填寫代詞表主格。I

itwe

you

them

his

your

hers

二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)3.Isthis_________watch(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)4._________ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________(you)6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________(she)7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________(you)8.Show_________yourkite,OK(they)9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.Arethese________ticketsNo,________arenot_________.________aren’there.(they)11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroomThatis_________classroom.(we)

12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job_________anurse.(she)13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he)14.Whereare_________Ican’tfind_________.Let’scall_________parents.(they)15.Don’ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger!16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.(she)17._________don’tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell_________.(we)18.Somanydogs.Let’scount_________.(they)19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.Ilike_________verymuch.(he)20.MayIsitbeside_________(you)21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon_________.(it）22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)

語法及練習(xí)3名詞復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞三單一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。I_________

him_________

this_______

her______

watch_______book_______child_______photo________diary______

day________

foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______

box_______

strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______

woman_______paper_______people________二．動(dòng)詞三單的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies練習(xí):寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drink________

go_______

stay________

make________

look_________have_______

pass_______

carry____

come________

watch______plant_______

fly________

study_______

brush________

teach_______

語法及練習(xí)4一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent

-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike

2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike

-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_____(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday_____(be)ittoday

－It’sSaturday.二、按照要求改寫句子。1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)___________________________________________________

語法及練習(xí)5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+主語+動(dòng)詞ing?

但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+動(dòng)詞ing?

動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play________

run__________

swim_________make__________