高中英語情態(tài)動詞詳解及練習(xí)

3/33/33/3高中英語情態(tài)動詞詳解1.表示請求和允許:can,could,may,

might.過去式使語氣更委婉,答語應(yīng)用原形。

CouldIuseyourcomputertomorrowmorning?Yes,youcan.(否認答復(fù)可用：No,I’mafraidnot.)2．表示推測：理論可能性can

可能性肯定句must,may,might,could疑問句can否認句can’t(不可能),maynot(可能不)1)can表示理論上的可能性,指某事或情況可能發(fā)生,但并不說明實際上真的發(fā)生.

Childrencanbeverytiring.

2)對現(xiàn)在事情的推測：

情態(tài)動詞+do對過去事情的推測：

情態(tài)動詞+havedone對已完成事情的推測：情態(tài)動詞+havedone3)反意問句：

Hemayknowtheplan,doesn’the?YoumusthavestudiedEnglishbefore,haven’tyou?Youcan’thavebeencaughtintherainlastnight,wereyou?3．can&beableto

在肯定句中can表示有“能力〞做,beableto表示通過想方法/努力等而能夠做成了某一件事,相當于managedtodo…或succeededindoingsth.

Birdscanfly.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.4.may/mightaswelldosth

“還是…好〞、“不妨〞Youmightaswelltellmethetruth.你還是把真相告訴我的好。5.must和haveto

1)must表示的是說話人的主觀看法,而haveto強調(diào)客觀需要。2〕否認形式含義不同。mustn’t禁止,不許可,don’thaveto不必3)must偏要〔做令人不快的事〕eg.Mustyoushoutsoloudly?6.shall和should1)

表示說話人征求對方意見和向?qū)Ψ秸埵?用于第一、三人稱。

Whenshallmyfatherbeabletoleavehospital?Shall

2)用于第一、三人稱2)用于第二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅以及說話人的決心。Youshallgowithme(命令)

/YoushallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.33〔允諾〕Heshallbepunished〔威脅〕/Nothingshallstopmefromdoingit.(決心)3)規(guī)定〔在條約、規(guī)那么、法律〕

1)

表示勸告和建議“應(yīng)該〞2)“按道理應(yīng)當〞“估計〞(=oughtto)Theyshouldbetherebynow,Ithink.3〕用于第一人稱表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣。Ishouldadviseyounotdothat.我倒是勸你別這樣做。4〕在條件句中表示“萬一〞,主句不一定用虛擬語氣。AskTomtoringmeupifyoushouldseehim./ShouldIbefreetomorrow,I’llcome.5〕〔Why/How+〕should結(jié)構(gòu)表示說話人對某事不能理解,感到意外、驚異等意思,意為“竟然〞,也用在某些從句中。

Itseemssounfairthatthisshouldhappentome.這種事竟然發(fā)生在我身上真不公平。7.will和would1)

表示意志和意愿。will指現(xiàn)在,would指過去。Ifyouwilllistentome,I’llgiveyousomeadvice.2)

表示請求、建議,would比will委婉、客氣。Will(Would)youpleasepassmethebook?3)

表示習(xí)慣性動作,“總是〞“慣于〞,will指現(xiàn)在,would指過去。Fishwilldiewithoutwater.Everyevening,shewouldsitbythewindow,deepinthought.4).表示功能,意為“能〞或“行〞

Themachinewon’twork.5)表示預(yù)料或猜測。Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.猜測他離開家時大約十點。

8.would&usedto1)

表示過去持續(xù)的狀態(tài)和情況用usedto;would不與表示狀態(tài)的動詞連用。Thereusedtobeahospitalhere./Therewouldbeahospitalhere.(×)2)

would常與often,sometimes,forhours等表示時間的副詞〔短語〕連用。Wewouldsitintheyardeveryeveningandlistenedtohisstory.3)

usedto強調(diào)過去的行為同現(xiàn)在的比照,含有“過去怎樣,而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了〞的含義.eg.

Hewillnotspendthemoneyonbooksasheusedto.9.dare和need兩者作為情態(tài)動詞都不用于肯定句,常用于否認句、疑問句和條件從句中。習(xí)慣用語Idaresay〔可能,或許,我揣測〕除外。實義動詞用法同于一般動詞。但在否認句中,dare后的to可省略,即：don’t/doesn’tdare

(to)do….need作為實義動詞時,用在否認句中時,其后的to不能省略。Hedaregotherealone.(×)

Hedarestogothere.Hedaresnotgotherealone.(×)

Hedarenotgotherealone./Hedoesn’tdare

(to)gotherealone.Hestoodtherewithoutdaringlifthishead.(×)

Hestoodtherewithoutdaringtolifthishead.10．情態(tài)動詞+havedone,表示過去比擬：情態(tài)動詞+do,表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。needn’thavedone&didn’tneedtodo…Sheneednothavecomeyesterday.她昨天本不必要來的。〔但卻來了〕Shedidn’tneedtocomeyesterday.

她昨天不必來。〔實際上也沒來〕【各個擊破】1.Ilivedwithmysisterthissummeranddidn’thavetopayrent.SoI____savemysalary.

A.could

B.would

C.wasableto

D.should2.Look,John’sfallenasleep.Oh,he______toolatelastnight.

A.mightsitup

b.shouldhavesatup

c.couldsitup

D.musthavesatup3.OnSundayswhenIwasachild,FatherandI____getupearlyandgofishing.

A.could

B.would

C.might

D.should

4.ManypeopleinEnglandlovetogiveadviceonweatherreporting.

Yes,butIthinktheweatheroffice’scomputers___bemoreaccurate.(精確的)

A.can

B.must

C.oughtto

D.might5.AreyoustillgoingtoShanghaifortheSpringFestival?

Yes,butIreally____becauseIhavealotofthingstodealwith.

A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.won’t

D.shouldn’t6.–Well,Iforgottobringmydictionaryhereyesterday.

--Actuallyyou____ithere.Youwerenotallowedtouseit.A.needn’tbring

B.needn’thavebrought

C.didn’tneedtobring

D.don’thavetobring7.ShallIbookthetableforthedinner?

Yes,you____.Therestaurantisalwaysfullofpeople.

A.can

B.will

C.must

d.need8.Thepoorboy____thetestagain;inthatcase,hismotherwillbeverydisappointed.

A.musthavefailed

B.mightfail

C.couldhavefailed

D.shouldfail9.Why____itrainnow?I___gototheconcertat7.

Whatapity!A.can;mightnot

B.should;needn’t

C.must;can’t

D.need;mustn’t10.--Weneedsomefreshair,butthewindow

open.

--_____Ihelpyou?A.didn't;Will

B.shan't;

Need

C.mustn't;May

D.won't;Shall11.--Whatdoyouthinkofyournephew?

--He

beverynaughtybutatthesametimeyou__helplikinghim.

A.will;will

B.won’t;can’t

C.may;may

D.can;can’t12.Itwasnotpossiblethatshe____godown,stepbystepdowntheunexpectedstairsintothedarkbelow.

A.shoulddare

B.shoulddareto

C.mustdare

D.mustdareto13.IamtoldthatJohnhadanothercaraccidentthismorning.

Ibelievenot.He____socareless.A.shouldn’thavebeen

B.wouldn’thavebeen

C.couldn’thavebeen

D.mustn’thavebeen14.Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.

____,butwhocaredwhatIsaid?A.SoIought

B.SooughtI

C.SoIdid

D.SodidI15．Writetomewhenyougethome.

--______.A.Imust

B.Ishould

C.Iwill

D.Ican16.Shutyourmouth.Nothing___stopmeonceIhavemadeupmymind.

A.will

B