年11月21日托福搶先版機(jī)經(jīng)

SPEAKING1Talkaboutanactivityyouenjoyedngwithyourfamilywhenyouwereachild,explainyouanswerindetails.2Describeyourfavoriteschoolsubject.Givespecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer3Describeawhomyou’dliketotalkwithoften(thiscouldbeoneofyourclosefriends,familymembersorteachers).Explainwhyyou’dliketotalkwiththisandwhatyou’dliketotalkabout.4Describeagiftyouwanttogivetosomeone.GiveSpecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer5witheachother.6Explainwhyyouwanttot,giveexamplesanddetailsinyour7Talkaboutthethingsyoudothatwillkeepyouhealthy.Giveexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.8Describe youwouldliketolearnmoreaboutandexplain9Describeajobyouhavedoneinthepastorajobyou’dliketonthefuture.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyouranswer.10Describeaperformeryoulike.Andexplain11WhataresomeimportanteffectsoftheworldwideavailabilityoftheInternetonmodernpeople’slife?Usespecificdetailsandexamplestosupportyour12Describeaspecialfriendinyourchildhoodandexplainwhythefriendwasimportanttoyou.13Yourfriendoftenfeelsnervouswhenspeakinginfrontofalargegroupofpeople.Whatsuggestionsdoyouhavetohelphimethisfear?14Describeatimewhenyouareaskedtodosomethingyoudonotwantto15Oneofyourfriendshasbeenofferedajobinatownfarawayformhome.Doyouthinkyourfriendshouldtakethisjob?16Talkaboutaskillthatyouhavemasteredbutstillwantto17Whichkindofskilldoyouadmirethemost?Sportskill，languageskill，orartskill.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsandreasonsinyouranswer.18specificexamplesanddetails19Explainwhyitisimportantandwhyyoudon’tlike20Nowmanypeopleliketoshoponline.Pleaseyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlineshop.21Whatcanuniversitydotohelptheenvironment?Pleasegivespecific22Describeawonderfulperiodoftimeinyourlife.Explainwhyyoulikethatperiodoftimeandgivespecificreasonstosupportyouranswer.23Describeanactivityyoutriedandenjoyedrecently.Explainwhyitwasenjoyabletoyou.Includereasonsandexampletosupportyour24Describeyourfavoriteplacetoshopforclothes.Explainwhyyouliketogothereforclothes.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyour25Whatkindofmusicdoyouliketheleast?Givereasonswhyyoudonotlikethiskindofmusic.26Describeyourfavoriteteacher.Explainwhyyoulikehimorher.Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.27aboutthemost:honesty,loyaltyorsenseofhumor?Explainwhythischaracteristicisthemostimportanttoyou?2840hoursofcommunityserviceeach29Whatsuggestionswouldyougivetoafriendwhoisstartinganewjob.Giveexamplesanddetailsinyourresponse.30Whatdoyouoftendotodealwith31Isitgoodorbadforstudentstoworkayearbeforetheybegintheirstudyinuniversity?32Ifaforeigntouristvisitsyourcity，wherewouldyoutakehimto?Afactory，auniversityoramuseum?Pleaseincludespecificreasonsanddetailsinyour33AgreeordisagreethatUniversitystudentsshouldtakepart-time34food.Pleasetalkabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantages.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.35Whatkindof alitydoyouadmirethemost?(1)Inligence(2)Creativity(3)Courage36Whatsuggestionswillyougivetoafriendwhowantstomakefriendsinanewcity?37YourUniversityisplanningtoallowstudentstowatchTVintheirsdormitories.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwatchinindormitories?Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyourresponse.38Ifoneofyourfriendshelpedyoumovetoyournewapartment.Whatwillyoudotoexpressyourappreciation?Pleaseincludereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.39Ifyourschooldecidedtoopenacafeincampus.Doyouagreeor40Yourfriendwantstotravelforayearbeforestartinguniversity.Doyouthinkitisagoodidea?41intheclass?Includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.42Whatkindofclothingdoyouusuallywearandwhy.Pleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.43Whichimportantskilldoyouthinkastudentshouldlearn?PleaseincludespecificexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanationDescribeaplacewherepeopleinyourtownliketogather.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyouranswers.45Talkaboutanimportantexperiencethatyourecentlyhad.Describewhathappenedandexplainwhyitwasimportanttoyou.46Describea youadmirethemost.Explainwhyyouadmire.Includedetailsandexamplestosupportyour47Whattypeofbooksdoyouenjoytoread?Romancebooks,biographybooksormysterybooks?Explainwhyyouenjoyreadingthistypeofbook?Pleaseincludereasonsanddetailsinyouexplanation.48Talkaboutapieceofartworkthatyoulikethemost,itcouldbeaphotograph,paintingorsong.49thefirsttime.Usereasonsandspecificexamplestoexplainwhythissuggestionisimportant.50Talkabouttheadvantageanddisadvantageofthewideuseofrobots.ExplainyouranswerindetailsSPEAKING1discussionsduringclass?Givespecificreasonsanddetailsinyour2、★★★★★活動(dòng)類Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingtheircareer.3Wouldyouliketospendtimewithfamilymembersorratherthoneand4Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement？Isiteasiertobeateacherthantobeastudent?GiveSpecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyour5AgreeordisagreethattherichhelpthepoororGivespecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyour6Whenlearningsomethingnew,somestudentsliketotakenotesinclasseswhileothersprefertolistentotheirteachersandtakeafewornonotes,whichdoyoupreferandwhy?7Whenyouhaveavacation,doyouprefertogotosomeplaceneworreturntoaplacewhereyouhavebeentobefore?8Oneofyourfriendshasbeenofferedajobinatownfarawayfromhome.Doyouthinkyourfriendshouldtakethisjob?Whyorwhynot?9whichonedoyouprefer,shopinalargestoreorshopinasmall10Someonepreferthetraditionalwayofworking,likegoingtotheofficesetting,othersprefertoworkathome?whichonedoyouprefer?11Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement:itisbettertobealeaderinagroupthanasupportingmember?Useexamplesanddetailsinyourexplanation.12Somepeopleprefertovisitonlyoneplaceduringtheirvacations,othersprefertovisitlotsofplaces,whichonedoyoupreferandwhy?13Doyouprefertowritealongessayorgiveaspeechinfrontofclassforanassignment?14Somepeopleprefertoeatdinnersinafast-foodrestaurant,whileotherswouldgotootherplacestoeatifpossible.15Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement?It'seasiertoteachchildreninprimaryschoolsthanstudentsinuniversities.Includereasonsanddetailsinyourexplanation.16AgreeordisagreethatUniversitystudentsshouldtakepart-time17DoyouagreeordisagreewiththestatementthatwatchingsportsprogramonTVisnotagooduseoftime.18Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatementthatstudentsshouldbeallowedtocarrytheirsallthetime?Givedetailsandexamplesinyour19Doyouagreeordisagreethatstudentsshouldberequiredtogotoschoolbeforetheyare16yearsold.PleaseGivespecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer.20Somepeoplethinkthatinnatetalentisimportanttoasportsman.Othersthinkthatworkinghardismoreimportant.Whichideadoyouprefer?21Doyouprefertowatovieintheaterorat22Somestudentstendtostudyinalargeclasswhileothersprefertostudyinsmallclasses.Whiethodofstudyingdoyouthinkisbetterforstudentsandwhy?23Somepeoplepreferlivemusic,whileotherspreferrecordedmusic.Whichdoyoupreferandwhy?24Agreeordisagreethatthemostimportantlessonscannotbelearnedin25Agreeordisagreethatmodernpeoplehavebetterlifestylethanpeopleinthepast.26Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement:peoples willchangewhentheygrowolder.27thantheduetimeshouldreceivepenalties/getlowerscores.28Someteachersallowtheirstudentstoaskquestionsaboutcourseworkorassignmentsby.Someteacherspreferthestudentstoaskthesequestionsin Whichdoyou29Agreeordisagreethatpeoplewillreadlessandlessinthe30sagoodideaforfirstyearstudentstojoinasports31、★★★★其他類touseitduringtheprocess?32Whenfacingdifficultsituations,somepeopleprefertogetadvicefromtheelderslikeparentsandteachers.Othersprefertogetadvicefromfriendsofthesameage.Whichdoyoupreferandwhy?GiveSpecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyour33Someuniversitiesplantoreplacepaperbooksandmagazineswithelectronicbooks.Doyouagreeordisagree?Includereasonsandexamplestosupportyour34Whattypeofmusicdoyouenjoymost?Explainwhyyouenjoythistypeofmusic.Includereasonsanddetailsinyouexplanation.35Shouldstudentsgotoworkwithoutentering36Somepeopleprefertopreparemealsathome;othersliketoeatoutinrestaurants.Whichdoyouprefer?37youmustdoajobthatyoulove.Schoolclassshouldmeetseveraltimesaweekoronlyoncea38AgreeordisagreethatParentsarechildren’smostimportant39Whichtypeofexamdoyouprefer?Givereasonsandexamplesinyour40Somestudentsliketodotheir thingsalone.Whichonedoyoupreferandwhy?41Explainwhy!42SomepeopleprefertowatchentertainmentTVprogramswhileotherstowatcheducationalprograms.Whichdoyou43Whichdoyouprefer:preparedfoodorfreshfoodpreparedby44Agreeordisagree:Studentsshouldberequiredtowearschooluniformsto45Whenhavingsomeextramoney,somepeopleprefertosaveit,othersprefertospendit,whichonedoyouprefer?46Someteacherslikestogiveclassassignmentsin,othersliketogiveassignmentsby,whichdoyouthinkisbetter?Explainwhy.47Insteadofalwaysbeingbusy,oneshouldhavearelaxedlifestyle.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththeabovestatement?Whyorwhynot?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.48、★★★★Doyouthinklearningeventstookplaceinthepastismoreimportant?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.49Somecollegestudentsliketospendtheirtimefreetimestudyinganothercourseorngschoolwork.Othersliketojoinaclubandenjoyclubactivities.Whichdoyouthinkisbetterandwhy?50Whentraveling,doyouliketotakeplentyofphotosandsavetheticketsfor小馬機(jī)經(jīng)SPEAKING1theuniversityannouncedaewpolicythatpostersarenolongerreasonthatthepostersmakethebuildinglessattractive.firstly,shesaidthestudentcenterbuildingisaboringasuareandtheartisticpostersaddtoitscharacterandthecolorfulpostersmakethebuildingmoreattractive.second,notallstudentsgotothedinning2Reading:TheuniversitywantstoincreasethenumberofthereadersSuggestion1:lowerthepriceofnewspapersSuggesting2:havethenewspaperdeliveredtothestudents'dormsListening:ThewomandisagreesReason1:newspapersarealreadyverycheap,ittakesonly50cntstobuynewspapersReason2:havingthenewspapersdeliveredtothestudentsisnotpracticalbecausethecostistoohigh,theyhavetohirepeopleandrenta3再授一個(gè)人批改不過(guò)來(lái)那么多作業(yè)。2.現(xiàn)在的ASSITANT都有把學(xué)生的問(wèn)題4Plan:Theschoolplanstoextendtheopenhouroftheuniversitydininghallto10pm.學(xué)校計(jì)劃擴(kuò)大學(xué)校的開放時(shí)間至晚上10時(shí)。51.ASSISTANT工作，再授一個(gè)人批改不過(guò)來(lái)那么多作業(yè)。2.現(xiàn)在的ASSITANT都有把學(xué)生6dininghalltabletalk，讓教授加入午餐，可以7男生不同意一：住學(xué)校的同學(xué)也需要，因?yàn)樗奚岷苓h(yuǎn)。館已經(jīng)有l(wèi)ocker，不需要再建。二：沒必要專門為放busschedule建休息室，網(wǎng)上都可以查。89 少播announcements,以吸引學(xué)生聽。 理由1：有很多commercialradiostationsmusic,有的電臺(tái)甚至wholeday都playmusic。想聽音樂的學(xué)生可以去聽那些電臺(tái)的。學(xué)生都有自己喜歡的音樂臺(tái)，不會(huì)因?yàn)閷W(xué)校的radiostations多放音樂，就不去聽他們愛聽的音樂臺(tái)的了。理由2：通過(guò)收聽學(xué)校的announcements,學(xué)生們可以隨時(shí)了解學(xué)校10一封letter建議把新生的orientation從Fallsmester的開頭改到summer.a.summer校很遠(yuǎn),如果非要改的話,這些學(xué)生可能都不會(huì)來(lái)參加orientation了;b.文章中說(shuō)在Fallsemester開始,學(xué)生要買書搬新的宿舍等等很麻煩,但是女學(xué)生認(rèn)為這些都managable,總比不來(lái)參加要好;c.文中說(shuō)在orientation可以看見新roommates,orientation,想聯(lián)系的話一樣可以,比如要address.11thelunchtime.Reason1:GoodformusicstudentstohavechancestoperformReason2:Providefoodduringtheintersection.Listening:ThewomanReason1:Theuniversityusuallyhasonlyoneconcertatoftheyear,sothatmusicstudentsarenotabletoperformmanypiecesoftoperformmorepiecesofmusicthattheypracticed.Reason2:Themusicbuildingisfarawayfromotherclassbuildings.Studentshavetosqueezetheirtimetoattendtotheconcert.Soitisgreatthattheuniversityprovidesfoodforthemfortheirconvenience.1213ReadingProposal1:Theloungeinthedormshouldbechangedintoroom.Reason1:PeoplecangotheretostudyReason2:ThestudyroomshouldintheloungebecausepeoplewatchTVthere,andthedormroomscanbenoisytoobecausetheroommateisalwaysonthephoneorlisteningtomusic,andtheyhavenowheretostudy.Reason putersmakeitsomuoretogotothelibrarytousethecomputersthereandlibraryisclosedwhenit'stoolate.14原來(lái)intendedfor的活動(dòng)，比如culturalactivities，extracurricularactivities,forexample,concerts.2)學(xué)校其他的academicdepartments已經(jīng)有去開會(huì)。要求：summarizeproposal，然后說(shuō)男生的評(píng)價(jià) Readingkey：Schoolandextracurricularactivitieslikeconcerts.Reason2:academicconferencealreadyhasit'sbudget.Studentscanappleforaidsfromprofessors.15女人強(qiáng)烈支持1、時(shí)間在evening好啊，因?yàn)榘滋煳覀兌己苊β?，上課、打工2、在家里用internet做tutor好啊，因?yàn)樗麄兙筒挥脕?lái)學(xué)校了。有人住在40minhoursdriveaway。這樣這些住得遠(yuǎn)的人也會(huì)interested。16Reading：Announcement:UnoversityshouldpavethepathwithconcreteandcreateapropersidewalkListening:jimdoesn'tagree.Reason1:Studentsarelazytocutacrossthelawn.Theyshouldwalkaroundinstead.Reason2:jimalsolikesthelawnthelawnslooknaturalwithoutthesidewalk.Dirtisalwaysbetterthanconcreteandthereisnoneedtochange.17reading學(xué)生提議increasetimebetweenclassesfrom10mtoTobeginwith.10misenoughforstudentstogotodifferentclasses,evenifyouarrivelater,theprofessorwillbeunderstandingandfillwhatyouhavemissedforusecondlyprofessorhasregularhoursforstudentstoaskquestionsandcansends。191）現(xiàn)在只有兩個(gè)tutor，建議雇傭的2)WritingCenter1)原來(lái)只有兩個(gè)tutor，theyhandleallthepapers.如果多聘用幾個(gè)tutor， time;2)centre不會(huì)crowded。20【講座】toremovevendingmachinefromhallwaysofclassroomsanddormitorybuildings從教室和宿舍樓的走廊上拆下的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)junkfood,healthieroption;gooff-campusgrocery【學(xué)生態(tài)度】women【bettersolutiontoprovidenuts,dryfoodandjuiceinvendingmachines;shorttimetogooff-campusstoreandstorescloseat10p.m.andcan'tgetfoodatmidnight.【21 館已經(jīng)有l(wèi)ocker，不22的造成的臟污不會(huì)再出現(xiàn)，而且由于這種書通常很重不便攜帶，在館的閱覽區(qū)23聽到的歌(lessened-known)。 優(yōu)點(diǎn)一：可以為學(xué)校吸引學(xué)生attract 助于educatestudents。 【學(xué)生議論】：X生贊成此倡議。 理由2：加入一些討論音樂的，幫助了解音樂史等。24woman不同意,reason1:車場(chǎng),從宿舍走到教學(xué)樓旁的停車場(chǎng)也只要15minute25ride-sharingprogramsamearea26Reading：fromschoolnewspaper,學(xué)校提供的電子閱讀裝置schoolprovideelectronicreadingdevice給童鞋們。好處easytocarry.Listening:woman同意。 理由：1、可以。以前買歷史書要花上hundredsofdollars.另外還有好多課程也要花很多錢。用可以省下不少錢。 27學(xué)生的應(yīng)該放在學(xué)習(xí)，而不應(yīng)該在hobbies上;女學(xué)校,給了兩個(gè)原因:1)她自己就針對(duì)不同的情況有時(shí)用DIGITALCAMERA有時(shí)用TRADITIONALCAMERA穿。說(shuō)了一些關(guān)于DIGITALCAMERA對(duì)于背景的處理有缺陷，不能滿足。而且專業(yè)的攝影師都是用TRADITIONALCAMERA的。影找到了工作。"28therearemanyunusedwallsartwork都沒有利用。2930學(xué)校要開個(gè)writingcenter，幫學(xué)生輔導(dǎo)寫作，說(shuō)好，一個(gè)是可以幫助需要的同31費(fèi)用。不同意1、這個(gè)城市雖然小但是也有很多公司可以實(shí)習(xí)朋友就找到一家。2、花銷太貴了學(xué)校的經(jīng)費(fèi)還要做其他很多用處，會(huì)不夠。32封信。Humanitystudylounge:AletterfromastudentsuggestingtosetupaloungeinsidetheHumanitybuilding.Sothatstudentscanhaveaplacetostudynearby,andalsoaplacetogettogetheranddiscuss【學(xué)生態(tài)度】：TheManintheconversationsupportsthisproposalforreasons.First,theycansavesometimegoingtothelibrary(10minutestogothereand10minutesback),anddosomethingusefulinhalfanhour.Second,theycanhaveaplacetogathertogetheranddiscuss.Forexample,hehadaclassaboutHamletlasttime,itwasverydifficult.Hisclassmatesandhehadn’tfinishedtheirdiscussionaboutHamletwhentheclasswasover.Sotheywantedtofindaplaceandkeepontalking.Buttheoutsidewasreallycold.人類研究休息室：從學(xué)生建議設(shè)立一個(gè)休息室里面的人類建筑的。使學(xué)生能有一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的地方附近，和地方一起討論問(wèn)題?！緦W(xué)生2書館（10分鐘去10分鐘后），做半小時(shí)有用。其次，他們可以有一個(gè)地方在一起討論。例如，他上次課的哈姆雷特，這是非常的。他的同學(xué)和他還沒有完33 allocker。中的不同意，覺得34有個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)了要改善學(xué)生公寓的廚房，可以再加一個(gè)冰箱同時(shí)用kitchensignupsheet，所以學(xué)生可以提前去預(yù)約那個(gè)地方。男學(xué)生不35breakfastservice,lunchanddinnerservicewillstillbeprovided36學(xué)校說(shuō)下學(xué)期開始給新生做的campustour就不由admin來(lái)做了，讓高年級(jí)學(xué)生自己做，某女很同意，理由一是admin太忙了，理由二是學(xué)生對(duì)campus有不同的看法，并且這些看法更practical.37應(yīng)不應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生haveaccesstoborrow還是什么學(xué)生因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的電腦系統(tǒng)也很方便，而且給員工的工資不會(huì)造成財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)。學(xué)校要不要學(xué)生haveaccesstoborrow，然后男的說(shuō)，寫作計(jì)算機(jī)系38letterbus，30~40，對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，能有bus真讓人激動(dòng)。男孩又說(shuō)，如果再不是放bus可以往返于各個(gè)building因?yàn)槠綍r(shí)要趕著考試library,dormitory之類的，有了bus很方便。39 一方面在宿舍旁邊方便親戚朋友來(lái)訪，一方面：價(jià)格便宜，40每晚。 40閱讀：學(xué)校要求所有同學(xué)參加careerskillworkshop,增加學(xué)生的skills。 理由一：他有很多工作，所以已經(jīng)有很多skills和工作經(jīng)理由二：workshop時(shí)間swithstudents‘summerplan，很多學(xué)生有internship，而這個(gè)training是安排在暑41多人因?yàn)?.有的學(xué)生（比如她自己），學(xué)習(xí)能力強(qiáng)，不需要這門課的幫Announcement:schoolisplanningtoofferfirstyearstudentsBiologyclassReason1:gainlearningskillsReason2:makefriendswithseniorsWomandisagreeReason1:firstyearstudentsalreadyknowhowtondependentstudy,theyalreadyhavetheskills.Reason2:Biologyisnotreallyaintheseclasses42學(xué)生寫信建議學(xué)校取消學(xué)期末的喜劇表演Thestudentlettersuggeststheuniversityshouldcancelthecomedyshowatofthesemesterbecauseitwillbetoonoisyforthestudentstoreviewinthedormitoryandtherewillbeheavytraffic,whichisinconvenient.434420%Reading;Announcement:studentswillListening:Themanthinksit'sagreatideaReason1:studentseatonbusiness.Thediscountwillencouragemorestudentstoeatattheseplacesthusboostbusinessfortheserestaurants.它將提高當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^聽銷售的人認(rèn)為1：學(xué)生吃的所有時(shí)間里，它會(huì)無(wú)聊到天天吃一樣的東西。這2：這是一個(gè)小城鎮(zhèn)，當(dāng)?shù)氐牟宛^正在為沒有足夠的業(yè)務(wù)。折扣將鼓勵(lì)的學(xué)生到這些地方吃飯從而提振業(yè)務(wù)這些45machinepaintingblur，看不清楚details，可是藝術(shù)的excellence主要都在details上。。464748有一次的concert，二來(lái)可以幫助孩子們提高音樂。49Readingproposal：ThestudentsuggeststheuniversitytoallowstudentstoanewenvironmentReason2:Theycanputabenchorsomethingonthelawnforthestudentstositon.Listening:ThemandisagreesReason1:Therearetoomanydistractions,forinstanceafriendwhopassesbymaywanttosayhiorevenabirdthatfliesbycandistractthestudents.Whenthey'reintheclassroom,theycansimplyclosethedoortomakesureeverybodyconcentrates.Reason2:Thespaceislimited,studentsusuallybringtheirlaptopswiththemtotakenotes,thismeanssomepeoplehavetositonthegroundwhichis fortableandmayaffecttheirnote-takingas50來(lái)刷新自己的頭腦在館看書時(shí)，那他們會(huì)不泄漏任何飲料。在交談中，女人不同意這個(gè)建議。首先，在館附近的咖啡館?；◣追昼姇r(shí)coffeeorteatorefreshtheirmindwhilereadinginthelibrary,andthattheywillbecarefulnottospillanydrink.isacafenearthelibrary.Takingafewminutesofffromthelibraryhavingalittlewalkisagoodwaytorelax.Also,accidentsdohappensometimesnomatterhowcarefulyou’re,sointhelongrun,therewillbestainsonthebooksordamagetothecomputer.SPEAKING1閱讀關(guān)于一個(gè)心理學(xué)上一個(gè)有順序東西的方法L。教授講用這個(gè)方法landmarkfromyourdormtostudentcenter.thefirstthingyouseeisthefrontdoorthenthetreethenthestatusinfrontoflibrarythenthebuilding.再一一對(duì)應(yīng)。比如tomemorizeplanetinsolarsystem.makeMercuryasfrontdoor,Venusastreeetc.選的東西要vivid，更好記2sociallearning：onewaytolearnfromwatchingother’sbehavior;買；相反，如果，不理的哭鬧，而且還回家后不讓看她喜歡的電視來(lái)懲罰她，這樣男孩就不會(huì)通過(guò)哭鬧來(lái)讓賣東3且常常邊打字便和寢室同學(xué)但是這樣做的結(jié)果就是他在打字的時(shí)候犯的錯(cuò)誤4舉了兩個(gè)例子：１)penguin，他們?yōu)榱藄urvive暖bunchtogetherKeep在一起躲避predator，大的在外面，小的在里面．5文章育方面中，有時(shí)候老師提問(wèn)沒聽講的同學(xué)一個(gè)問(wèn)題，不等學(xué)生回答，教授繼續(xù)往下講，學(xué)payattention了。講座中，教授舉了自己教小孩的例子。娘叫sarah，她從不舉授有一天就說(shuō)阿，sarah你知不知道你這么做別人sarahsarah知道舉手了。6文章：informationoverload的原理 application，所以公司不會(huì)全部看，只會(huì)挑出resume的一部分來(lái)看；另一個(gè)是7Aggressiverecruiting大部分人都繼續(xù)使用該服務(wù)，于是增加了gymcustomerbasis，是有效的8一種加州的動(dòng)物松鼠，它的主要敵人是mountainlion.尤其是吃母的。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)有？時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)生一種高pitch的calling來(lái)警告同伴趕緊逃跑但是他的calling會(huì)引來(lái)lion，因此自己很可能被，她犧牲了自己逃走的機(jī)會(huì)，但是給同伴留了生路，尤其是familymember在附近的時(shí)候9101112Rodestakebackleavesfrombothgroupstofeedthecaterpillarsinthelabistleavesarepoisonous,makingthecaterpillarssick,thisisnotthat~~~~~airbomewam木L:科學(xué)家錨地柳樹分為兩組是由幼蟲,二是從昆蟲清潔錨地收回葉子從兩組喂養(yǎng)幼蟲在是葉子是的,使幼蟲病了,這并不奇怪,然而,2日離開也讓毛蟲病了,說(shuō)明~~~~~13informationexceedspeople’scapacitytoprocessTheprofessorgivestwoexamples.First,whenacompanyrecruits,theymightreceivealotofapplicationsonthefirstday,buttheydon’thavetimetogothrougheveryapplication,sotheyonlylookatsomeimportantinformationandignoretherest.Second,sometimeswhenpeoplereceivetoomuchinformation,likewhentheyaremendedtoomanymaterials,theymightjustnotlookatanythingatall.214clinalvariation:heatcontrol可以減少熱消耗，這樣就可以在hotweather里生存了。北方的麻雀長(zhǎng)的大，這樣他們可以適應(yīng)coldweather，成功的生存下來(lái)。15respendingeffect，energy-efficientappliance，最后是消耗了的energy。教授用一個(gè)家庭的例子說(shuō)明，有個(gè)家庭有個(gè)oldoverallcost升高了。16閱讀：diminishingeffects，就是人們會(huì)因?yàn)槟承゜ehavior有negativeeffects而不做，但看到別人做而沒有negativeresults時(shí)就也會(huì)做：professor講了自己的經(jīng)歷，他剛college畢業(yè)時(shí)，在law什么什么工作，aseriousjob，他穿的formal，從不從不在workplace吃東西但是他看到co-workerJane開getintotroubleswiththeboss，17閱讀：JointVenture.講的是公司合作的問(wèn)題，兩個(gè)不同領(lǐng)域的公司，綜合業(yè)務(wù)， ：教授舉例，說(shuō)一家電視公司（TVnewscompany）想建一個(gè)，這樣顧客就方便看到的消息。但是公司沒有人才去建，不能提供newsreadonline，所以他們決定和一家科技公司（technologygroup）合作，新聞公司提供資訊，科技公司提供技術(shù)運(yùn)營(yíng)（maintainwebsite）。然后發(fā)展的 18閱讀：opportunitycost：thebenefitspeoplemustgiveupwhenchooseanoptionoveranotherone.：一方面學(xué)校里沒有游泳池（swimmingpool），一方面館（library）太小，放不了很多書。館可以提供地方給學(xué)生study和researchswimmingpool，并且效果很好，但它就放棄了建library的好處。這樣做的機(jī)會(huì)成本就是館的書不夠用，同學(xué)沒19力里是授帶著兩組小孩去館讓他們找到自己想要的書一個(gè)小姑娘想要找XX故事，教授說(shuō)這種故事會(huì)有特殊的分類后來(lái)小找到了這本書。20modling，用來(lái)給顧客示范產(chǎn)品的亮點(diǎn)和怎么用。教授用例子他兒子想買冰激凌機(jī)，他一開始覺得不好，看了電視上一個(gè)一女的一步步做出好的冰激凌21框架定義：消費(fèi)者對(duì)產(chǎn)品的意見是由的事實(shí)后改變。Term: Definition:Consumer’sopinionaboutaproductisalteredafter-the-factbyadvertisement.(Theadvertisementcouldexertpositiveeffecton theresearchersaddedsomesaltandvinegarintoitsotheywerecertain,thecoffeewouldn’ttastegood.Afterthat,theyshowedthesevolunteerspeoplesaiditwas“delicious”andthey“l(fā)ikedit”.22【講座】人在面對(duì)一個(gè)problem的時(shí)候會(huì)有兩種選擇(1)donothing;(2)take 【內(nèi)容講解】人們一般會(huì)donothing，因?yàn)閠akeaction很可能帶來(lái)negativeeffects 但后來(lái)遇見了trafficjam，堵了半個(gè)小時(shí)，基本一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。這時(shí)他想到了analternativeroad,只不過(guò)那條路有點(diǎn)繞遠(yuǎn)最終教授還是決定在現(xiàn)在這條繼續(xù)missedflight23HaloError，就是當(dāng)你見到這個(gè)人第一面這個(gè)人向你展示他擅長(zhǎng)的一面你就會(huì)覺住了一年以后教授覺得他太糟糕了他的生活方面自理太差屋子里亂爆了于是他不再和他住在一起了這是他產(chǎn)生了疑問(wèn)當(dāng)他第一次見到他時(shí)為什么覺得他甚至在自理方面很好甚至他都沒見過(guò)Jame是怎么自理生活的這就是HaloErrorTerm:HaloErrorDefinition:peopletendtoshowtheirbestaspectwhentheyfirstmet.Thispositivewilleffectpeople’sjudgmentExample:theprofessormethisfriendJameswhoknowseverythingaboutMathandScience.Sotheprofessoraskedtoshareadormroomwithhis.Butafterayear,theprofessorfoundoutthatJamesisareallymessy .Henevercleansuphisownmessandprofessornolongerwantedtolivewithhisanymore.ThegoodimpressiontheprofessorgotfromJameswhentheyfirstmetcloudedtheprofessor’sjudgement.Itgottheprofessortothinkofhimasbeingaperfectroommatewhichwaswrong.24中心詞的意思是可以讓一些人或動(dòng)物不想要比其他人更少的。研究用兩組猴子做實(shí)驗(yàn)，一開始兩組猴子都給葡萄，他們很開心，然后實(shí)驗(yàn)給第一組猴子25Peoblem:Thegirlhasamovieclasstogotomorrow,itwillbethelastclassofthesemestertheteacherwillplayamovieshewantstowriteaboutforherfinalpaperandtheyhavetoparticipateindiscussiontoo,butshe'sgotadoctorappointmentscheduledatthesametimeSolution1:shecanrentthemovietowatchathomePro:/Con:shewon'tbeabletohearthecommentsoftheteacher'sSolution2:writeaboutothermoviesPro：itcouldworkCon：she'snotinterestedinothermovies26Reading:Definition:Biologicalmimicryiswhenscientistsgetinspiredobservingthelivinghabitsofanimalsandplants,andthenapplythemtohumanlife.Lecture:Theprofessoristalkingaboutandflatplantcalledlilypadwhichusuallyfloatsabovewaterwhiletherootofitstaysunderwater,scientistsinventedsolarlilypadsbasedonthisplant,it'sakindofsolardevicewithandflatpanelfloatingonthesurfaceofwaterwiththegeneratorunderwater,itcanabsorbenergyfromthesunandcreateelectricity.27：ality，并且對(duì)他有比較好的印象都覺得這個(gè)人很qualified,會(huì)成為一個(gè)很好的銷售28最終結(jié)果與他們之前的協(xié)議不同，從而造成的例子Definition:Scopecreekmeanstherequestaclientmakeslateronisdifferentwiththeagreementtheyhadbefore,andthuscauseaExample:Theprofessor’sfriendthewoodenfencepaintedwhitewhentheworkwasalmostdone,thatwassomethingtheydidn’tagreeonatthebeginning,sotherewasa,eventhoughtheprofessor’sfriendagreedtopaintthefencewhite,itwasanunpleasantexperience2930環(huán)境 31阻抗意味著的人被限制的概念，他們更想恢復(fù)他們的自由Definition：Conceptofreactancemeansthatthemorepeoplearerestricted，themoretheywanttorestoretheirfreedomExample1：Akidlikestoplayonaplaygroundandhegoestherealot，whenhisparentslhimnotto，hewillfeelevenmoreeagertogoExample2：Soapcontainsthischemicalthatcancontaminatetheenvironment，andpeoplefeellikeusingitmorewhenthey'rerestrictedtodoso不然會(huì)感冒，但是，長(zhǎng)大后才知道是感冒引起感冒，并不是溫度，冬天感冒幾32"是anticipatedconsequence，在做決定之前要先想可能性的教授講到要給姐姐買，但自己發(fā)現(xiàn)了好看的jacket。不夠，如果買了授最終沒有買jacket，給姐姐買了很好的。"33動(dòng)物走動(dòng)，與其他力量的幫助【Definition】Animalsmovearoundwiththehelpofotherforces.Examples】Spidersareborninagroup,butlatertheyhavetomovearoundforfoodduetocompetition,butsincewalkingandjumconsumealotoftheirenergy,andtheycan'tgofar,theyusuallymovearoundwiththehelpofwind.34whenananimalsendsoutmisleadingsignalstoattractotheranimalsListening:Femalesmothsusuallyreleaseachemicalsmelltoattractandleadmalemoths,butspiderscansendoutasimilarsignaltodeceiveandmisleadmalemoths.35animalcoloration，說(shuō)是動(dòng)物會(huì)具有一種獨(dú)特的顏色，這種顏色會(huì)警告它的捕食者，如果被，它就會(huì)，吃過(guò)苦頭的者下次見到這種顏色的動(dòng)物就會(huì)避而遠(yuǎn)之。教授說(shuō)了一個(gè)例子，skunk毛從頭部延伸到尾巴，它被時(shí)會(huì)豎起毛，尾巴上的腺體噴出十分難聞的氣體。Inthebiologyclass,theprofessorusedtheexampleofskunktoliftitstailandsprayaterriblesmellingliquidfromitsglanovertheskunkagain,thewalfwillleavetheskunkalone.36R:ThetermistheLearningtransfer,thethingsyouusedtolearnisusefulforthethingsyouwilllearninthefuture.Learningtransferdividesintotwotypesoneispositivetransferandanotherisnegativetransfer.L:(Theprofessor)Well,todaywewilltalkaboutthelearningtransfer.Thishappensalotinourdailylife.Learningtransferdividesintotwotypes,oneispositivetransferandanotherisnegativetransfer.Thepositivetransferisthetransferthatassistus,forexample,whenInotseethekeyboardswhileIwasplaying.AndwhenIlearnedtoplaythebuttypewhilejustwatchingthescreen.SowhatIusedtolearnisveryhelpfulforthethingsIwilllearninthefutureandthiskindwecallit""thepositivetransfer"".Thesecondtype,thenegativetransferistheandwasaskedtospeakloudlyinordertobeheardbyaudiences,whenhetobeamoviestar,hecannotchangeit,andtheteacheralwaysaskedhimtokeephisvoicedownatthefirstweek,itisthenegativetransfer.37Thetermistheplacemarketing,itisamarketingstrategytopromotethemostuniquefeaturesofaplacewhichcandistinguishitfromothers.L:(Theprofessor)Well,todaywewilltalkabouttheplacemarketing.Forexample,aseasidetownwhichhasabeautifulbeachandmanybicyclepathsaroundit,butthemostattractivefeaturesofthetownarethebicyclepathsthere,sothetownusestheseasitsuniquefeaturesformarketingns,advertisingthatpeoplecannotonlyenjoybeachherebutalsoplayvolleyball,docyclingandothersports.Thiswillattractmanyactiveyoungpeopleandthosewholoveexercise,andasaresultmanyotherbusinessescsobedeveloped,suchashosandsportsequipment.38人們看到的取決于他們的經(jīng)歷R:Thetermisthepriming,itmeansthewaypeopleinterpretsomethingthatpeopleseedependsonwhattheirexperienceL:(Theprofessor)Well,todaywewilltalkaboutthepriming.Iwillgiveanexampletoillustratethisterm.Forinstance,twowomensawastrangermansitnearbywhentheyareonthebus,themanopenednotebookandwrotesomethingonit.Onewillthinkofstudentwhenseeingamanonthebusbecauseshemethercollegefriendearlier.Anotherwillthinkthemanisapoetrybecauseshejustreadapoembookearlier.39閱讀文章介紹了一項(xiàng)被稱為象征性的，這是一種有效的工具在課堂紀(jì)律良好行為的學(xué)生。Reading:Thereadingpassageintroducesatermcalledtokenreward,whichisaneffectivedisciplinetoolintheclassroomtorewardstudentswithdesirablebehaviors.Listening:(Theprofessor)Well,todaywewilltalkaboutthetokenreward.Iwillgiveanexampletoillustratethisterm.Forinstance,therewasaclassIoncetaught,whichhadafewunrulyandnoisykids.Soitheotherquietkidswith15minutesextratimetoplayontheplayground.todrawintheclassroom.SoIdevisedanotherrewardsysteminwhichIrewardedgoodkidswithwoodcoins.Thekidscouldearnenoughcoinstoallthekidsintheclassweremotivatedandtheirbehaviorswere40aconceptof當(dāng)表演中出了一點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，heforgottolalines.但教授夫婦覺得表是他又得到了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去表演，他也了，原因是覺得自己不是一個(gè)goodactor.41Sampleanswer:一些廢棄的房子，但具有歷史價(jià)值的可重復(fù)使用和賦予新的功能Ther