數(shù)學(xué)中英文詞匯對(duì)照表

-.z.集合set非負(fù)整數(shù)集thesetofallnon-negativeintegers自然數(shù)集thesetofallnaturalnumbers整數(shù)集thesetofallpositiveintegers有理數(shù)集thesetofallrationalnumbers實(shí)數(shù)集thesetofallrealnumbers元素element屬于belongto不屬于notbelongto有限集finiteset無限集infiniteset空集emptyset包含inclusion,include包含于liein子集subset真子集propersubset補(bǔ)集〔余集〕plementaryset全集universe交集intersection偶數(shù)集thesetofallevennumbers奇數(shù)集thesetofalloddnumbers含絕對(duì)值的不等式inequalitywithabsolutevalue一元二次不等式one-variablequadraticinequality邏輯logic邏輯聯(lián)結(jié)詞logicalconnective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truthtable原命題originalproposition逆命題converseproposition否命題negativeproposition逆否命題converse-negativeproposition充分條件sufficientcondition必要條件necessarycondition……的充要條件是………ifandonlyif…函數(shù)function自變量argument定義域domain值域range區(qū)間interval閉區(qū)間closedinterval開區(qū)間openinterval函數(shù)的圖像graphoffunction映射mapping象image原象inverseimage單調(diào)monotone增函數(shù)increasingfunction減函數(shù)decreasingfunction單調(diào)區(qū)間monotoneinterval反函數(shù)inversefunction指數(shù)e*ponentN次方根nthroot根式radical根指數(shù)radicale*ponent被開方數(shù)radicand指數(shù)函數(shù)e*ponentialfunction對(duì)數(shù)logarithm常用對(duì)數(shù)monlogarithm自然對(duì)數(shù)naturallogarithm對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)logarithmicfunction數(shù)列sequenceofnumber項(xiàng)term通項(xiàng)公式theformulaofgeneralterm有窮數(shù)列finitesequenceofnumber無窮數(shù)列infinitesequenceofnumber遞推公式recurrenceformula等差數(shù)列arithmeticprogression公差arithmeticseries等差中項(xiàng)mondifference等比中項(xiàng)arithmeticmean等比數(shù)列g(shù)eometricprogression,geometricseries公比monratio等比中項(xiàng)geometricmean三角函數(shù)trigonometricfunction始邊initialside終邊terminalside正角positiveangle負(fù)角negativeangle零角zeroangel象限角quadrantangle弧度radian弧度制radianmeasure角度制degreemeasure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant誘導(dǎo)公式inductionformula正弦曲線sinecurve余弦曲線cosinecurve最大值ma*imum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimalpositiveperiod周期函數(shù)periodicfunction振幅amplitudeofvibration頻率frequency相位phase初相initialphase反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent有向線段directedlinesegment向量vector零向量zerovector單位向量unitvector平行向量parallelvectors相等向量equalvectors共線向量collinearvectors實(shí)數(shù)與向量的積multiplicationofvectorbyscalar基底base數(shù)量積translation正弦定理innerproduct余弦定理sinetheorem算術(shù)平均數(shù)arithmeticmean幾何平均數(shù)methodofpare比擬法methodofpare綜合法methodofsynthesis分析法methodofanalysis傾斜角gradient斜率pointslopeform點(diǎn)斜式gradientinterceptform截距generalform斜截式includedangle兩點(diǎn)式two-pointform一般式generalform夾角includedangle線性規(guī)劃linearprogramming約束條件constraintcondition目標(biāo)函數(shù)objectivefunction可行域feasibleregion最優(yōu)解optimalsolution曲線curve坐標(biāo)法methodofcoordinate解析幾何analyticgeometry笛卡兒Descartes標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程standardequation一般方程generalequation參數(shù)方程parameterequation參數(shù)parameter圓錐曲線pointconic橢圓ellipse焦點(diǎn)focus,focalpoints焦距focallength長軸majora*is短軸minora*is離心率eccentricity雙曲線hyperbola實(shí)軸reala*is虛軸imaginarya*is漸近線asymptote拋物線parabola準(zhǔn)線directri*直線line平面plane幾何體geometricsolid平面圖形planefigure立體圖形slidfigure相交直線intersectinglines平行直線parallellines異面直線skewlines垂線perpendicularline垂足footofaobliqueline垂線段perpendicularlinesegment公垂線monperpendicularline公垂線段monperpendicularsegment垂面perpendicularplane射影projection斜線obliqueline斜足footofaobliqueline斜線段obliquelinesegment半平面semi-plane二面角dihedralangle平面角planeangle直二面角rightdihedralangle棱柱prism底面base頂點(diǎn)verte*面face棱edge側(cè)面lateralface側(cè)棱lateraledge斜棱柱obliqueprism直棱柱rightprism正棱柱regularprism平行六面體parallelepiped長方體rectangularprism正方體cube棱錐pyramid正棱錐regularpyramid多面體polyhedron凸多面體conve*polyhedron正多面體regularpolyhedron簡單多面體simplepolyhedron球solidsphere,spheroid球心centerofasolidsphere球面sphere分類計(jì)數(shù)原理classifiedenumerationprinciple分步計(jì)數(shù)原理fractionalenumerationprinciple排列arrangement,permutation排列數(shù)numberofarrangements全排列totalarrangement階乘factorial組合bination組合數(shù)numberofbination二項(xiàng)式定理binomialtheorem二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)binomialcoefficient二項(xiàng)式展開式binomiale*pansion必然事件certainevent不可能事件impossibleevent隨機(jī)事件randomevent試驗(yàn)trial頻率frequency等可能事件equiprobabilityevent根本領(lǐng)件elementaryevent概率probability互斥事件e*clusiveevents對(duì)立事件plementaryevents相互獨(dú)立事件mutuallyindependentevents獨(dú)立重復(fù)試驗(yàn)independentrepeatedtrials概率probability統(tǒng)計(jì)statistics隨機(jī)變量randomvariable離散型隨機(jī)變量discreterandomvariable概率分布probabilitydistribution分布列distributionseries數(shù)學(xué)期望mathematicale*pectation方差variance標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差standarddeviation抽樣方法samplingmethod簡單隨機(jī)抽樣simplerandomsampling系統(tǒng)抽樣systematicsampling總體分布populationsampling估計(jì)estimation正態(tài)分布normaldistribution標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正態(tài)分布standardnormaldistribution線性回歸linearregression相關(guān)correlation回歸分析regressionanalysis散點(diǎn)圖scatterdiagram回歸直線regressionstraightline線性回歸分析linerregressionanalysis相關(guān)系數(shù)correlationcoefficient假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)hypothesistesting歸納法induction數(shù)學(xué)歸納法mathematicalinduction完全歸納法pleteinduction不完全歸納法inpleteinduction極限limit無窮大infinitelygreat無窮等比數(shù)列infinitegeometricsequence左極限leftlimit右極限r(nóng)ightlimit連續(xù)〔的〕continuous連續(xù)函數(shù)continuousfunction導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative可導(dǎo)的differentiable變化率rateofchange導(dǎo)函數(shù)derivedfunction復(fù)合函數(shù)positefunction極大值ma*imumvalue極小值minimumvalue極值e*tremevalue虛數(shù)單位imaginaryunit復(fù)數(shù)ple*number復(fù)數(shù)集setofple*numbers虛數(shù)imaginarynumber純虛數(shù)purelyimaginarynumber復(fù)數(shù)的代數(shù)形式algebraicformofple*number實(shí)部realpart虛部imaginarypart復(fù)平面ple*plane實(shí)軸reala*is虛軸imaginarya*is模modulus輻角argument復(fù)數(shù)的三角形式trigonometricformofple*number棣莫弗公式DeMoivre’sFormula分式fraction通分changingfractionstoamondenominator約分reductionofafraction分式方程fractionalequation反比例函數(shù)inverseproportionalfunction雙曲線hyperbola定理theorem平行四邊形parallelogram矩形rectangle菱形rhombus正方形square梯形trapezi