初中英語語法梳理和總結(jié)講解練習(xí)

最新初中英語語法大全名詞表示人、事物、地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞。知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點和難點！名詞的分類名詞類別意義例詞專有名詞表示具體的人名、事物、國家、地名、機構(gòu)、團體等的專有名稱Jim,China,Qingdao,theUK,theGreatWa普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞表示單個人的人或事物gir,tudent,factor,de,cat,countr集合名詞表示一群人或一些事物的總稱eherecond_________AfamiBhoueChomeDroom解析:fami指的是家庭或是家庭成員;houe指的是房子住所;room指的是房間;而home指的是家,因此選C8________mothercoudn’tgotothemeeting,becauethehavegonetoShanghaiAMarandother”是復(fù)數(shù),表示兩個人各自的母親,因此應(yīng)選D。9LiLeihabeento__________mantimethimonthAherunceBherunce’CherunceDaunt’解析:此句意為“李雷這個去她舅舅家多次”表示具體場所時,可省去所有格后面的名詞因此選B。10Heiaucceaaeaderbuthehan’t________inteachingAmaneefromheeethieveningortomorrowmorning------______OKI’mfreetodaandtomorrowAEitherBNeitherCBothDNone解析：此類題主要是針對each,ever,both,a,either,neither,none等不定代詞的考查。Both指兩個人或物；a表示三者或三者以上“都”，它們都表示肯定意義，均與of連用，作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。a也可代替不可數(shù)名詞或一個整體，這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，either指兩者只任何一個，表肯定，表示三者或三者以上中的任何一個用an,neither是either的否定形式，表示兩者都不是。應(yīng)選A。TheetomorrowThemahaveiedtheenemie3、在疑問句中，對現(xiàn)在表示推測用cancoud…動詞原形，對過去表示懷疑則用cancoud…h(huán)ave過去分詞；在否定句中，對現(xiàn)在表示推測用can’t動詞原形，對過去表示推測用can’tcoudn’thave過去分詞。如：Itcan’tbeJohnHehagonetoUK4、need的雙重身份need既可作情態(tài)動詞又可作實意動詞，它們的用法不同，如不注意區(qū)分，就容易用錯。三）系動詞連詞動詞的種類聯(lián)系動詞含有一定意義，它們要與其后做表語的形容詞、名詞或介詞（短語）一起構(gòu)成合成謂語。系動詞按意義可分為三類，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意義聯(lián)系動詞有：be,ae,fa,get,go,grow,turn等。如：Shebecomemorebeautifuthanthreeearago四）行為動詞行為動詞又稱實義動詞，它們都含有實在的意義，表示動作或狀態(tài)，可在句中獨立作謂語。行為動詞又分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。１、及物動詞及物動詞后一定要跟賓語，意思才能完整。如：Mmothertodmehewantedtobuomebooforme2、不及物動詞不及物動詞意義完整，不需帶賓語，但如果有些不及物動詞非要帶賓語時，必須先加介詞后加賓語。如：Heonworriedabouthidaughter二、動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)有很多。初中階段主要掌握八種：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時、一般將來時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時。1．一般現(xiàn)在時1）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：主語是I,we,ou,the和名詞復(fù)數(shù)時作謂語的行為動詞用原形。主語是he,he,it和名詞單數(shù)時，作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況＋以,,ch,h或o結(jié)尾＋e以輔音＋結(jié)尾去變i＋e2）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和ie為例）：主語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)IamatudentWe/You/ThearetudentHe/SheiatudentI/We/You/The/iemuicMane,arrive,eave,tart,f,begin,ta等動詞）。如：TheeCcomeDwicome解析：此題雖然有everwee,但句意中表達(dá)的事將要去做的經(jīng)常性動作。應(yīng)該用一般將來時。因此選D。WeChinee______theOmebecauethewereobu3常用于一般過去時的時間狀語：eterda，threemonthago，atear，in1979，often，awa等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！rMottioutButhe______hereafewminuteagoAwaBiCwibeDwoudbe解析：時分鐘前發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)該用一般過去時。應(yīng)選

A，2．---Hi,Tom---Heo,FancI______ouwerehere’tnow’tthinCthinDdidn’tnow解析：雖然句中沒有明確的時間狀語，但是可以通過上下文語境判斷出，這句話指的是我這段時間并不知道，你前一陣子在這兒。所以應(yīng)選A。3．HeeBwoudcomeCcomeDhadcome解析：在時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時表示過去將來。應(yīng)選C。5．現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have/hav-ing2）現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和ee為例）：主語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I/We/You/ThehavebeenherebeforeHe/ShehabeenherebeforeI/We/You/The/Mane,wietBwhenhewibebac,wicome,wietCwhattimewihebebac,wicome,etDwhattimehewibebac,come,wiet7We____totheeBcameChacomeDhadcome5—Ihearomenoieinthenetroom—Oh,eYouriter_______thereAcrieBicringCcriedDwacringAthetudent__________toe你什么時候來Howmandaarethereinamonth一個月有多少天Whatareougoingtodowhenougrowue他為什么沒有來關(guān)系副詞when,where,wh引導(dǎo)定語從句時，位于從句之前、所修飾的詞之后。如：Temethereaonwhoudidit把你這樣做的理由告訴我。It’theortofdawhenou’dietotainbed這是個令人戀床不起的日子。Idon’tnowtheeanotherda__________AtooBoCinteadDet解析：intead作副詞用時意為“代替，頂替”，表示前面的事情沒做，而是做了后面的事。Intead一般位于句首。應(yīng)選C5．Hecan’tteu________,IthinAimingmoreandmoreehere------______nineo’coceterdamorningYoumuttand______inewhenouarewaiting______abu------Jac,wioubehome______timetoeethechidrenbeforethegotobed------Noingin______thewindow50Thiroomifu______tudentandthatoneified______teacherKe:1with 2with,for 3to 4to 5a6at,in 7in, 8but,in 9unti ,of11off12from,ince 13in,on/in 14in 15b 16in17with 18ie19from 20on 21to,for22at23for,of 24in,with25about,with26for,to 27to,b28from 29in 30To,in31with 32of,for33among 34b 35on,in 36between37in,with 38without 39of,for 40with,from42At43in,for44in 45in,to46behind 47eceing連接兩個名詞或代詞做主語時謂語動詞依照后面的詞而定2SheearnnotonEngihbutaoJaetochooeterda""_______hewai"AAfterBWhereCWhenDBecaue7JohnfeaeeeworeandworeAandBthenCbutDor10"Becarefu!Don'tbreathebotteDoouhear_______Iaid,David""Ye,mum"AWhatBthatChowDif11MrSmithcomefromAutraia,buthehaworedinChinaforfiveearSooucantawithhim______________AeitherinEngihorinChineeBnotinChineebutinEngihCutinEngih,notinChineeDneitherinChineenorinEngih12Ican________wim_______ateWiouingoced oced7Thiindofweater______veroftfet feeingathetudentnownthatourcawiviitthefactorthiafternoon----YeEvertudent______aboutit tod todcae______deiciou meed meingfatherhagivenuetogettheminhafanhouraremendingBhavemendedCarebeingmendedDhavebeenmendedhehadoftenmadehiitteiter______,todahewamade____bher;tocr;cringCcr;crcr;craccident________;haetothefortabeAtoitBtoitonCittingDit6Nobodnow__________netAwhattodoBtodowhatCwhichtodoDhowtodo7ItiverimetomorrowWhetherornotwibeetothemeetingornotWhetherhewicometothemeetingornot解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語序先刪掉,if不能與not連用。因此此題選D6Thedon’tnow_______theireifthe_________freecome,wibeBwicome,areCcome,areDcome,wibe8---Wheredoehecomefrom---efromBhecamefromChecomefromDdoehecomefrom9Shewondered__________Ahowmuchhecotthecome,hebringafriend他每次來都帶個朋友。條件狀語從句：AongaIamaive,Iwigoontuding只要我活著，我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因狀語從句：Sinceweiveneartheea,weenoniceweather由于我們住在海邊，能享受到好的天氣。地點狀語從句：ein,himotherwacooingWhenWhiewewereatchoo,wewenttotheibrareverdaWhie表示時間段,因此，whie從句的謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。如：orenowedge隨著年齡的增長，你獲得的知識就越多。2．Becaue,a,ince的區(qū)別：Becaue用于表示直接原因,回答wh提出的問題，語氣最強；A用于說明原因,著重點在主句，常譯成“由于”；ince表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實，常譯成“既然”。如：WateriverimeeterdaahimotherwaiI’doitforouinceouarebu3．uch…that,o…that,othat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別：uch是形容詞，修飾名詞;o是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1uchan形容詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that……2uch形容詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that……3uch形容詞不可數(shù)名詞that……。如：ThiwauchagoodfimthatIwenttoeeiteveratimeItwauchgoodboothattheeweItwauchbadweatherthatIhadtotaathomeHeebactohimow______hemaundertandoubetter6______hedoen’tcomeonSunda,I’gofihingbmefifourear______Ihadeftthatmaviage8______theairmove,iticaedwindwigototheefromreachedthetation______thetrainhadeftouhaveawimmingefromSouthAfrica（cience）thinIcando______inFrenchthiearthanatear（we）three______tud,weworedouttheingeamgetchidrenooed______haein over out onThewi______QingdaotonightarriveSoonCath______ue,thenwewerenecandnectaughtAgainandagainthedoctor______thecringgir,buthecoudn’tfindwhatwawrongwithherooedover after for outYou______goandaLiShe______nowtheanwermut,can ,ma ,can ,ma8Iboughtanewdictionarandit______me$30oretreeandfowerafterthe______GreenerChinaoined eomethingmoreaboutHongKongIam______goingthereforahoidaoonooinguatterhowharditi,we’eeaeitfaiedmutreturnthecameratoCindI______itfortwoweeeeureourvoebateamwi______theteamfromNo3MiddeSchoowincan’tatchnowuchdoeit______toffromBeiingtoQingdaoone-wa----About1,000uancotandurfingaremfavouriteHowaboutou----I______urfingtowater-iingthin’moreandmoreimorebeautifumae mae______wiminthiutn’t ’t ’tianureand______inTownHoinutehadgone gone been______aourthing,Mar!Ihatethemhereandthere!----OK,Mumbieride,oue,goout goout,taathomeathome,goout out,taathomeI______ourChinee-Ruiandictionar----Sorr,I______itathomeborrow,forgot ,eft ,forgot ,eftT-hirtooniceIit______woo----Ye,andit’a______InnerMongoiamadeof,madeb of,madeinb,madefor b,madefromoutemehowto______itinFrenchatwohourdoinghiworeterdaeat,for aroomfor roomfor roomwithwaobu______theanwerfromLi’eintohitocoanbroehiarmintheaccidentandhadto______hiobenduanhan’theardfromheronformonthIt______heraotinteret’rathercodoutideHeree’acoat______,get getareoudoing,Emi----I’m______theradioThemuiciobeautifuwatching to______thebuandfoundaeatnettothewindowgotdown off on outouthinJimwiitream----SureHe______aotoftimeoniteno______themoonintheonDatoee watch42Aotofmeetingwere______becaueofthedangeroudieaetaenoff off off offouewaterformeIamthirttobring carr,uchIt______tobeecitingeem ooing oo!Whatareoudoingthere----Liten,Mum!Ihearomebod______uadethechidren______intheroomtotaearofhardwor,hidream______intheendcameout true over uetonight----I’morrIcan’tMotherwon’t______metogooutintheeveningettoouaongtime______Hawaiibutwethoughttheournewaenoabetoget reachteacheraedutotoethingtaing ta hearcar______andtoDoou______me______aretIthinhemutbetiredaftertheongwahave taefim______fortenminutehabegun beenbegun beenonwegoand______heotoforeignteacher----Goodidea!Let’goateacherdidwhathecoud______uwithEngihheutdoomethingtoto______tothrowitterabout throwitterintoitterabout itterintoouever______LintongtoeetheTerraCottaWarrior----Ye,Ihavewentto to in tohoethieveninghavehavinghave,Caro,howwaourtrietherearehavinghadwon’tgototheconcertbecaueI______mticetot’toeCwioeDhaveotbotteiemechangingchangingchangeacodmorning,IoethingnewonCimethinginDnothingimater_________anoibofromtheibrarAentforBentoutCentbacDentawa69_______itgoeon,hour________hourASo,afterBSuch,bCThat,afterD/b70Si________in_______ChinaAanitiiving""I'morrHe_________He______fortwomonthAdied,hadiedBhadied,habeendeadChabeendead,diedDhadied,hadead72Don'truhThere'ti______timeeftAmoreBaotCaitteDafew73Woudouebotte_______fuAnot,toomuchBnotto,toomuchCnot,muchtooDnotto,muchtoo74Heaed______thewouidhodthemeeting_____itrainedthenetdaAif,whetherBwhether,ifCwhether,whetherDif,whether75Engihitaught_________aforeignanguageinamotachooinChinaAwithBbCaDfor76"Whichbodoouwanttoeenow""The_______intheredhat"AmanBeter_______fromFranceAfarBfarawaCawafarDawa80Don'tametogoowithhim,________AhaweBwon'touCwiouDdon'tou81"You'vegotanewdre,too""YeMinei_______,butnoto_______aour"Abetter,cheaorebetter,eoreeandwamade______inherroomthewhoeafternoonAgetting,tudBget,totudCgetting,totudDtoget,tud83Shedidn'tteme________AwhichroomheivedBheivedinwhichroomCwhichroomdidheivedDwhichroomheivedin84The_______nowithatwehaveotof________toaA,quetionBquetion,Cquetion,D,quetion85Woudouenowifou________ouraddreAmoveBchangeCchooeDfind87Theign"________"iuuaeenonthebowithgai