高考時(shí)態(tài)用法總結(jié)

高考時(shí)態(tài)用法總結(jié)高考時(shí)態(tài)用法總結(jié)高考時(shí)態(tài)用法總結(jié)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高考時(shí)態(tài)用法總結(jié)日期：20xx年X月時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式和定義與該時(shí)態(tài)連用的狀語例句1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Be(am,is,are)或動(dòng)詞原形（如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，則在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es）定義：表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Often,always,usually,seldom,never,hardly,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday.等表示頻度的副詞或時(shí)間狀語連用。oftengotoschoolbybikeeveryday.earthmovesaroundthesun.(客觀事實(shí))goestoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.fatheroftenreadsnewspaperinthemorning.walkstoschooleveryday.6.在表示客觀真理，科學(xué)事實(shí)及不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在時(shí)，也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theearthmovesroundthesun.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.報(bào)刊、雜志、書籍等不強(qiáng)調(diào)過去時(shí)間，單純表示客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。whatdoesthisarticlesaythearticledescribessocialproblems.2.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：動(dòng)詞的過去式。如：stop—stoppedBeg—beggedVisit—visited定義：表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Lastnight,yesterday,lastweek,someyearsago,in2008,inthepast.Theotherday,atthattime,justnow.表示過去習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenswamintheriver.Hedidhishomeworklastnight.Theywerestudentsatthattime.3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Be(am,is,are)+ving.定義：表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Now,thesedays.Atthemoment.amreadingnovelsnow.arestudyingEnglishthesedays/thisterm.4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Was/were+ving.定義：表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Then,atthattime,thistimelastyear,atnineyesterday.等連用，或用另一動(dòng)作表示過去的時(shí)間。wereyoudoingattenyesterday--IwaswatchingTVatthattime.wasreadingwhenIcamein.wasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyparentswerewatchingTV.wasplayingfootballthen/atthattime.5.一般將來時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：eq\o\ac(○,1)Will+動(dòng)詞原形eq\o\ac(○,2)begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形定義：常表示計(jì)劃、打算作某事，表示已經(jīng)決定的、很可能發(fā)生的事，或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事情。表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Tomorrow,nextweek,inafewdays,nextSunday,in+一段時(shí)間，in2015.等。areyougoingtodonextSunday----I’mgoingtolistentomusic.attheclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.sunwillriseat6:30tomorrowmorning.willhelphim,ifheasksus.6.過去將來時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Would+V定義：表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用在謂語動(dòng)詞為過去式的賓語從句中。2.表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作Heaskedwhenthemeetingwouldend.Hesaidhewouldbuysomefruitforhermother.

thought

you

would

take

the

chance.

said

he

would

come

back

the

next

day.表示過去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作

she

had

time,

she

would

help

us

in

our

work.

evening

she

would

come

and

talk

with

the

students7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞定義：表示過去發(fā)生的或已完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。一些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用時(shí)的變化。Go/leave-beawayCome-behereBuy—haveBorrow-keepFinish—beoverDie–bedeadBegin/start—beonCatchacold—haveacoldPuton—wearGetup–beupWakeup---beawakeFallasleep—beasleepLose–nothaveJoin---be(in)Leave—beawayfromArrive/reach--beAlready,用于肯定句，可放在助動(dòng)詞之后，過去分詞之前。也可放在句末。Yet用在疑問句中意為“已經(jīng)”；用在否定句中表示“還，尚”，常用于句末。Just“剛剛”表示動(dòng)作剛剛結(jié)束，常放在助動(dòng)詞與過去分詞之間。Ever“曾經(jīng)”用在疑問句或否定句中，放在助動(dòng)詞與過去分詞之間。Never“從來沒有”常與before連用。多放在助動(dòng)詞和過去分詞之間。Before“以前”指過去不確定的時(shí)間，總放在句末。“since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”“for+時(shí)間段”youhadyourlunchyet----yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.havelostmybag.havealreadywatchedtheTVplay.youfoundyourlostpenyet---No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.hasjustcomebackfromNewYork.youreverbeentoTianjinhavenevertraveledbytrainbefore.havelivedinTianjinfor10years.havelivedinTianjinsince2000.havelivedinBeijingsinceIwasgraduatedfromschool.8.過去完成時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞定義表示到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。即“過去的過去”2.過去完成時(shí)常用于“nosooner---than”和“hardly(scarcely—when（before）”等結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句常用一般過去時(shí)，“nosooner,hardly(scarcely)”置于句首時(shí)，要用倒裝語序。Bylastyear,bylastweek,byyesterday,bylastmonth.Bytheendoflastyear.等。Hehadfinished2/3oftheworkbylaskweek.HehadleftbythetimeIarrived.HehadlivedinBeijingfor5yearsbeforehecametohere.Smithdiedyesterday,hehadbeenafriendofmine.Thechildrealizedthathehadlosthisway.IknewIhadmadeamistakeatthattime.soonerhadhereachedhomethanitbegantorain.hadhardlygotonthetrainwhenthetrainstartedout.9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Have/hasbeen+ving定義：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某開始，一直持續(xù)到說話時(shí)還在繼續(xù)或剛剛結(jié)束。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。For3years,thesefewweeks,sinceearlymorning.havebeenteachingEnglishfortwentyyears.hasbeenplayingthemusicofBeethovenandMozartfortwohours.’vejustbeenwavinggoodbyetoher.10.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：will+be+ving定義：表示在將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常表示安排好之事，給人一種期待感。Thistimetomorrowmorning,At7:00tomorrow,Atthattimenextweek.等連用。willbewatchingthesunriseatthetopofthemountainthistimetomorrow.2.Iwillbehavingameetingtonight.表示預(yù)料不久要發(fā)生或勢必發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。supposetheywillbeleavingsoon.fewerpeoplewillbesmokinginfiftyyears.11.將來完成時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成形式：Will/shall+have+Done定義：表示將來某時(shí)刻之前或某一行為發(fā)生之前所完成的動(dòng)作。常和bythetime,bytheendofnextyear,或beforenextsummer,等結(jié)構(gòu)連用。I’llhavearrivedtherebynoon.I’llhavefinishedreadingthebookbytheendofthisweek.whenwegettherethey’llprobablyhaveleft.表示到將來某時(shí)刻為止動(dòng)作的持續(xù)時(shí)，也可以用將來完成時(shí)?！痩lhavelivedinthecityfortwentyyearsbynextmonth.’llhavedonetheworkforthreemonthsbyFriday.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別在與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)均可表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始延續(xù)到說話時(shí)，并可能延續(xù)下去，在一定的上下文中，這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)可以互換。havetalkedtothestudentsfortwohours.我已經(jīng)同該生談了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)可能完成）Ihavebeentalkingtothestudentsfor2hours.我一直同該生交談，已經(jīng)談了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)可能還在繼續(xù)）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行一般不使用于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，要表示狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的“未完成用法”只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。（注：狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示感受、情感、看法、認(rèn)識(shí)、愿望、及所有關(guān)系等狀態(tài)含義，如be,belong,exist,feel,hatelove,want等。They________eachothersincechildhood.A.havebeenknowingB.knewC.haveknownknow在不用時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作已結(jié)束，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行則表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行。Hehaswrittenanessay.他已經(jīng)寫好了一篇論文。（表明動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成）Hehasbeenwritinganessay.他一直在寫論文。（表示動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)）用howlong--結(jié)構(gòu)詢問目前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間長度時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。HowlonghaveyoubeenlivinginTianJinHowlonghaveyoubeenlisteningtomusic像sit,lie,wait,stay,stand等動(dòng)詞更趨向于用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。Theoldmanhasbeensittinghereallthemorning.這老人一上午都坐在那兒Thestudentshavebeenwaitingfortheirteacher.學(xué)生們一直在等他們的老師。一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作而不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。havereadthebook我已經(jīng)讀過這本書。2.Ireadthebooklastyear.我去年讀過這本書。yougetupearly你起床早嗎t(yī)heygotup他們已經(jīng)起來了嗎二．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作開始于過去，現(xiàn)在仍在繼續(xù)；而一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作早結(jié)束。Hehasworkedinthiscompanyforthreeyears.他在這家公司已經(jīng)工作三年了。（現(xiàn)在仍在此公司工作）Heworkedinthiscompanyforthreeyears.他在這家公司工作過三年。（現(xiàn)在已不再這家公司工作了）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，常與already,yet,never,just,before等連用；一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)確定的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示過去的具體時(shí)間連用。Ihavealreadyfinishedthebook.我已經(jīng)看完了那本書。Weoncelivedinthecountryside.我們?cè)谵r(nóng)村住過。Ihaven’tseenherbefore.我以前從沒見過她。Ihaven’tseenheronce.我一次也沒見過她。Isawhimlastweek.我上星期見過她。過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別一．一般過去時(shí)表示相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在而言的過去時(shí)間，而過去完成時(shí)表示的則是相對(duì)于過去某一時(shí)刻而言的過去的時(shí)間，即過去的過去。它的存在以過去的某一動(dòng)作或某一時(shí)刻為參照物而言的。thestudentshadbeentherebefore5o’clockyesterdayafternoon.thestudentsgotthereat5o’clockyesterday.主將從現(xiàn)得用法在時(shí)間when,before,after,assoonas,或條件if,unless狀語從句中，主句用將來時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)代替將來。yougetridofsmoking,youwillnotstayhealthy.youcomenexttime,I’llshowyouaroundourcampus.Iseehim,Ishalltellhimthenews.itrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothepark.Igrowup,Iwillbeascientist.itdoesn’trainthisafternoon,we’llhaveafootballmatch.itrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.’llgivehimthemessageafte