九年級英語《過去分詞》課件

Grammar動詞的-ed形式ThePastParticipleI.基本形式和意義動詞的-ed形式，即傳統(tǒng)語法所指的“過去分詞”。它是動詞的一種非限定形式。動詞的-ed形式兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。動詞的-ed形式和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成-ed分詞短語。動詞-ed形式的基本形式是“動詞+-ed”，但也有不規(guī)則的形式。II.動詞-ed形式的句法功能1.作表語1.1動詞-ed形式作表語時，其作用相當(dāng)于adj.,說明的是主語的狀態(tài)。Allthewindowsarebroken.Allhopeisgone.Thisarticleiswellwritten.Heappearedsatisfiedwithmywork.（1）完全形容化了的動詞-ed形式：可以被very等副詞修飾，可以有比較級等級形式。常見的有：bored,disappointed,excited,frightened,interested,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried等。（2）有的動詞-ed形式可以被副詞well修飾，如：built,cooked,done,dressed,known,organized,prepared,written等。（3）其它副詞也可以修飾動詞-ed形式

，如：deeplymoved,highlydeveloped,heavily--populated等。1.2動詞-ed形式作表語時，其后可以接介詞短語、不定式短語及that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

Heisverymuchdisappointedattheresult.Themotherwaspleasedtohearfromherson.I’msatisfiedthatyoudidn’ttellmealie.1.3“be+動詞-ed形式”有可能是一個系表結(jié)構(gòu)，也有可能是一個被動結(jié)構(gòu)。Whyistheglassbroken?Bywhomistheglassbroken?(系表結(jié)構(gòu)）(被動結(jié)構(gòu))Itiscoveredwiththickiceanddeepsnow.Yourtableshouldbecoveredbyawhitecloth.(系表結(jié)構(gòu)）(被動結(jié)構(gòu))1.4

動詞的-ed形式與-ing形式作表語的區(qū)別Travelingisinterestingbuttiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。Theywereveryexcitedatthenews．聽到這個消息，他們感到非常激動。凡表示“令人…的”都是-ing

形式，凡是表示“感到…”都用-ed形式。常見作表語的過去分詞有：

disappointed,drunk,amused,frightened,married,excited,experienced,interested,confused,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,tired,worried等。

Multiplechoice:1.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot______frommyfriends.A.separated B.sparedC.lost D.missed2.Thebusinessofon-lineshoppingsofarhasbeen_____forthesellerswhoarealreadyofferingtheirservices.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.disappointD.tobedisappointed3.----Shallwegoswimming?----OK.I’lljustgoandget_____.A.changedB.tochangeC.tobechangedD.changingBAA2.

作定語2.1.單個動詞-ed形式作定語,通常前置a.及物動詞的動詞-ed形式，具有被動和完成的意義。abrokencupawoundedsoldieranunexpectedvisitortheexcitedcrowdb.不及物動詞的動詞-ed形式，具有主動和完成意義。agrownwomanaretiredofficertherisensunfallenleavesc.合成的動詞-ed形式amuch-neededreformwidely-heldopinions2.2.動詞-ed形式的短語作定語：通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。aletterwritteninpencilthetreereflectedinthelakethemachinesproducedlastyear=aletterwhichwaswritteninpencil=thetreethatwasreflectedinthelake=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear2.3動詞的-ed形式與-ing形式作定語的區(qū)別動詞的-ing形式表示正在進(jìn)行的動作或主動關(guān)系，以及表示事物的屬性、用途等；動詞的-ed形式表示已完成的動作或被動關(guān)系。

the

changing

worldthechangedworld（正在變化的）（變化了的）boiling

waterboiledwater（正在沸騰的)（已經(jīng)沸騰過的）fading

flowers

fadedflowers(正在凋謝的)（已經(jīng)凋謝的）a

developing

countrya

developed

country(發(fā)展中的)（發(fā)達(dá)的）Translationwork:另人恐怖的場景受了驚嚇的馬另人失望的孩子感到失望的孩子afrighteningsightafrightenedhorseadisappointingchildadisappointedchildCompletethefollowingsentences:Doyouknowtheman_______________________(跟我們數(shù)學(xué)老師談話的）？Ilostthepen_______________________(我叔叔買的。）talkingtoourmathsteacherboughtbymyuncle3.1.在感觀動詞feel,hear和see之后，如：Iheardmynamecalled.Hefelthimselfcheated.Isawhiseyesfixedonmeincuriosity.3.作賓語補足語3.2.在表示“希望，愿望，命令,忍受”這一類動詞后面做賓語補足語，這類動詞有：can’tbear,hate,like,love,need,prefer,want,wish等，如：Heneedshiscoatmended.Katewouldlikeherroompaintedwhite.Iprefereggsboiled.Wewishyourworkfinishedquickly.Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.3.3.在有些表示狀態(tài)的動詞后，這類詞有：keep,leave,show等，如：Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don'tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.Pleasekeepusinformedofthelatestdevelopments.

3.4.在使役動詞have后，通常有兩方面的含義：1)表示"讓某人做某事"。Ihavehadmybike

repaired.我已經(jīng)找人修好了自行車。2)表示"遭遇到某種不幸；受到打擊"等。

Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenlastmonth.

上個月我姐姐的錢包被偷了。3.5.用在make之后，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞的-ed形式的動詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的。Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.我提高了嗓門以便于被人家聽到。Theymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstood.

他們設(shè)法使別人明白他們的意思。

Youmustmakeyourviewsknowntoeverybody.你要向大家說明你的觀點。3.6.動詞的–ed形式與-ing形式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別：1）在see,hear,watch,notice等感官動詞后作賓補時，-ing形式表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，強調(diào)當(dāng)時的情景，為部分過程；動詞的-ed形式則表示其與賓語之間為被動關(guān)系或有該動作已完成的概念。例如：

Weheardhersingingthissongwhenwegotthere.我們到達(dá)時，聽見她在唱這首歌。

Weoftenhearthissongsungbyher.我們經(jīng)常聽見她唱這首歌。(歌是被唱)2)用在have,get,leave等動詞后作賓補時，動詞的-ing形式強調(diào)進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或持續(xù)狀態(tài)，動詞的-ed形式表示被動關(guān)系。Wetriedourbest,butstillcouldn'tgetthemachinerunning.(強調(diào)啟動，進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài))Thefarmersgottheplantingdonebeforetherainscame.(被動，已完成)3)用在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,動詞的-ing形式表示主動關(guān)系，動詞的-ed形式表示被動關(guān)系。Withtheboyleadingustheway,wehadnodifficultyinfindingherhouse.(主動關(guān)系，lead為男孩的動作)Withhomeworkdone，Jimwentouttoplayfootball.(被動關(guān)系，作業(yè)是被做)Multiplechoice:Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.(NMET2003)

A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.(1999NMET)A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout3.Ifyouwant___immediately,youhavetogiveussomemoneyinadvance.A.thattheworkbedoneB.theworkdoneC.tohavedonethejobD.thejobthatisdoneBCB4.1.作時間狀語Toldofhismother’saccident,Jackphonedthehospital.TranslatedintoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveadifferentwordorder.Whenaskedtospeak,hecomplainedaboutthepoorservice.4.2.作原因狀語Caughtintherain,hehadafever.4.作狀語InspiredbyOprahWinfery,shebecameconfident.4.3.作條件狀語Givenmoretime,I’llbeabletodoitbetter.Cleared,thissitewouldbeveryvaluable.Thehousewilllookbiggerifpaintedwhite.Shewillgladlycometoyourhouseifinvited.4.4.作讓步狀語Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Thoughtoldtostop,hekeptonwalking.Evenifgiveneveryopportunity,theywouldnotsucceed.4.5.作方式狀語Iamreturningyourletterasrequested.Hewaswalkingsadlyasifinjured.4.6.作伴隨狀語Marycameoutoftheroom,followedbyherdog.Acrowdrushedin,armedwithsticks.4.7.動詞的–ed形式與-ing形式作狀語的區(qū)別：動詞的-ing形式做狀語與動詞的-ed形式做狀語的最主要區(qū)別在于兩者與所修飾的主語的主動與被動關(guān)系的區(qū)別。1）

Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindhim.

Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.Multiplechoice:1.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman___anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.A.fixB.tofixC.tobefixedD.fixed2.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.