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Module1EuropePartOneTeachingDesign第一部分教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Period1Reading—GreatEuropeanCities■GoalsTolearntoreadpassageswithpassivevoice(presentandpastforms)aboutEuropeancitiesTolearntoreadwithstrategiesWordscontinental,face,range,ancient,sign,agreement,govern,region,feature,produceExpressionsbesituatedon…,workon…,becomefamous,bevisitedby…,beknownas…,begovernedindifferentways,littlebylittle,haveapopulationof…Patterns1.ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedontheRiverSeine.2.ThemostpopularplacefortouristsistheEiffelTower3.OneoftheBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarksistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia,whichwasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.4.Thechurchhasn’tbeenfinishedyet!5.Theirworkshasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.【Aids】Multimediafacilities,tape-recorder,photos,diagrams■ProceduresStep1:WarmingupbylearningaboutEuropeEuropeanUnion:aninternationalorganizationofEuropeancountriesformedafterWorldWarIItoreducetradebarriersandincreasecooperationamongitsmembers;"hetookBritainintoEurope"Europeisgeologicallyandgeographicallyapeninsula,formingthewesternmostpartofEurasia.Itisconventionallyconsideredacontinent,which,inthiscase,ismoreofaculturaldistinctionthanageographicone.ItisboundedtothenorthbytheArcticOcean,tothewestbytheAtlanticOcean,tothesouthbytheMediterraneanSeaandtheBlackSea,andtotheeastbytheUralMountainsandtheCaspianSeaStep2:BeforeyoureadPleasegooverthewordlistforthismodule,payingattentiontothepronunciationoftheword,therelationshipbetweenitspronunciationanditsspelling.Step3:Whileyouread1.TypeofwritingandsummaryofGreatEuropeanCitiesTypeofwritingAdescriptionessayIdeaof1stpartPARIS:ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedontheRiverSeine.Ideaof2ndpartBARCELONA:BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometerseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.Ideaof3rdpartFLORENCE:FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.Ideaof4thpartATHENS:Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.2.AdiagramofGreatEuropeanCitiesGGreatEuropeanCitiesATHENS:thecapitalofGreeceFLORENCE:anItaliancityfamousbecauseoftheRenaissanceATHENS:thecapitalofGreeceFLORENCE:anItaliancityfamousbecauseoftheRenaissanceBARCELONA:thesecondlargestcityofSpainPARIS:thecapitalandlargestcityofFrance3.CompletethearticlewithonewordineachblankBeingthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,_1_issituatedontheRiverSeine.AsoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinthewordParisis_2_bymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.Barcelonaisthesecondlargestcityof_3_andissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometerseastoftheSpanish_4_,Madrid.FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreat_5_movementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthe_6_ofwesterncivilization.Twothousandfour_7_yeasago,itwastheword’smostpowerfulcity.Keys:1Paris2visited3Spain4capital5artistic6birthplace7hundred4.Answerthereadingcomprehensionquestionsaccordingtothetext1.ThefamoussymbolofPairsis_____.A.theChurchoftheSagradaFamiliaB.theParthenonC.TheUffiziPalaceD.theEiffelTower2.Barcelonaisthesecondlargestcityof_____.A.FranceB.SpainC.ItalyD.Greece3.TheRenaissanceisagreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe_____andlastedforthreehundredyears.A.1400sB.1500sC.1300sD.1600s4.Athensisknownasthebirthplaceof_____.A.westerncivilizationB.AntonioGaudi.C.LeonardodaVinciD.MichelangeloKeys:1-4DBCAStep4:Afteryouread1.CopyalltheusefulexpressionsintoyourExpressionBook.Ifpossible,makeyourownsentenceswiththeseexpressions.UsefulexpressionsfromGreatEuropeanCitiesthecapitalandlargestcityof…,besituatedon…,oneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld,themostpopularplacefor…,thefamoussymbolof…,theworld’slargestartgalleries,belocatedin…,befamousfor…,abouttwo-thirdsof…,thesecondlargestcityof…,thenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometerseastof…,bedesignedby…,workon…,anItaliancity,becomefamous,becauseof…,agreatartisticmovement,inthe1300s,lastforthreehundredyears,duringtheRenaissance,someofthegreatestpaintersofalltime,beproducedbygreatartistssuchas…,bevisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontourists,cometoseetheartgalleries,beknownas…,thebirthplaceofwesterncivilization,twothousandfourhundredyearsago,theworld’smostpowerfulcity,eversinceSentencesmadewithexpressionsfromModule1BeijingisthecapitalandlargestcityofChina.MyhometownissituatedonRiverZhang.Suzhouisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.TheDoubleToweristhemostpopularplaceforvisitorstoTaiyuan.TheDoubleToweristhefamoussymbolofTaiyuan.Theworld’slargestartgalleriesarefoundinBeijing.WuTaiMountainislocatedinthenorthpartofShanxiShanxiisfamousforitscoal.Abouttwo-thirdsofthepeopleliveinthecountryside.DatongisthesecondlargestcityofShanxi.Thenortheastcoastisaboutfivehundredkilometerseastofthecity.Thehouseisdesignedbyablindman.Theblindmanworkedonthedesignfrom1990untilhisdeathinNovember,2022.AnItaliancitybecamefamousbecauseofanearthquakelastweek.Agreatartisticmovementisbeginningtobeknownthroughouttheworld.Inthe1300s,manygreatnovelscameintobeing.ForthelastforthreehundredyearsChinesepeoplehavebeenfightingagainstforeigninvaders.DuringtheRenaissancemanywritersmovedtoliveinthiscity.Someofthegreatestpaintersofalltimediedyoung.ThepaintingswereproducedbygreatartistssuchasZhangHongandLiFang.TheancienttownofPingyaoisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontourists.Peoplecometoseetheartgalleries,churchesandmuseums.Thecapitalofthecountryisknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,theworld’smostpowerfulcity,suchasBeijing,Xi’anhadalreadybeenbuilt.HecametoEnglandthreeyearsagoandhaslivedhereeversince.2.ReadtotransferinformationGreatEuropeanCitiesParis:thecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedontheRiverSeine.Barcelona:thesecondlargestcityofSpain,situatedonthenortheastcoast.OneoftheBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarks:theChurchoftheSagradaFamilia.Florence:anItaliancityfamousbecauseoftheRenaissance.Athens:thecapitalofGreece,knownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.Step5:ClosingupbyretellingthetextToendthisperiodwearegoingtoretellthetextwiththehelpofthediagramabove.Trytouseasmanypassivevoicesentencesaspossible.ParisThecapitalandlargestcityofFranceisfoundtobeParis.ItissituatedontheRiverSeine.Parisisthoughtasoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.Itisvisitedbymanypeopleeveryminute.ThemostpopularplacefortravelersisinfacttheEiffelTower.Itisregardedasthefamoussymbolofthecapital.Theworld’slargestartgalleriesarelocatedinBarcelonaThesecondlargestcityofSpainissituatedonthecoast.ItisBarcelona,onthenortheastcoast.ItisaboutfivehundredkilometerseastofMadrid,thecapitalcity.OneoftheBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarks,theChurchoftheSagradaFamilia,wasdesignedbyAntonioGaudi.Heworkedonthechurchuntilhisdeathin1926.FlorenceTheItaliancityofFlorencebecamefamousbecauseofagreatartisticmovementwhichiscalledtheRenaissance.ThisBarcelonawasbeguninthe1300s.Itisbelievedtohavelastedforthreehundredyears.DuringtheRenaissancesomeofthegreatestpaintersofalltimewerefoundtoliveandworkinFlorence.ManyofFlorence’smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureswerebelievedtobeproducedbygreatartistssuchasLeonardodaVinci.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontourists.Theycometoseetheartgalleries,churchesandmuseums.ThemostfamousartgalleryinthecityistheUffiziAthensThecapitalofGreeceisAthens.Itisbelievedtobethebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.Twothousandfourhundredyearsago,itbecametheworld’smostpowerfulcity.Manyfamousbuildingswerebuiltduringthatperiod.InancientAthenslivedGreece’sbestwriters.Otherwriterswereinfluencedbythem.Period2Function—Describinglocation■Goals●Tolearntodescribelocation■ProceduresStep1:LearningaboutprepositionAprepositiondescribesarelationshipbetweenotherwordsinasentence.Initself,awordlike“in”or“after”israthermeaninglessandhardtodefineinmerewords.Considertheprofessor'sdeskandalltheprepositionalphraseswecanusewhiletalkingaboutit.Youcansitbeforethedesk(orinfrontofthedesk).Theprofessorcansitonthedesk(whenhe'sbeinginformal)orbehindthedesk,andthenhisfeetareunderthedeskorbeneaththedesk.Hecanstandbesidethedesk(meaningnexttothedesk),beforethedesk,betweenthedeskandyou,orevenonthedesk(ifhe'sreallystrange).Ifhe'sclumsy,hecanbumpintothedeskortrytowalkthroughthedesk(andstuffwouldfalloffthedesk).Passinghishandsoverthedeskorrestinghiselbowsuponthedesk,heoftenlooksacrossthedeskandspeaksofthedeskorconcerningthedeskasiftherewerenothingelselikethedesk.Becausehethinksofnothingexceptthedesk,sometimesyouwonderaboutthedesk,what'sinthedesk,whathepaidforthedesk,andifhecouldlivewithoutthedesk.Youcanwalktowardthedesk,tothedesk,aroundthedesk,bythedesk,andevenpastthedeskwhilehesitsatthedeskorleansagainstthedesk.Allofthishappens,ofcourse,intime:duringtheclass,beforetheclass,untiltheclass,throughouttheclass,aftertheclass,etc.Andtheprofessorcansitthereinabadmood[anotheradverbialconstruction].Step2:Learningaboutin,onandtousedtoindicatelocationin表示方位，“在……之內(nèi)”，即小地方在大地方之內(nèi)。ChinaisintheeastofAsia.中國(guó)在亞洲東部。(中國(guó)是亞洲的一個(gè)國(guó)家，處于亞洲的范圍之內(nèi))DatongisinthenorthofShanxi.大同在山西北部。(大同是山西的一座城市)ShandongliesintheeastofChina.山東在中國(guó)的東部。(山東是中國(guó)東部的一個(gè)省份，是中國(guó)的領(lǐng)土，在中國(guó)的疆域之內(nèi))ThetreecanbefoundonlyinthesouthofChina.那種樹只有在中國(guó)南部才看得到。(暗指這種樹只生長(zhǎng)在中國(guó)南部地區(qū))Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽(yáng)東升西落。說(shuō)明：表示地理位置時(shí)，be，lie以及belocated可以互換使用。2.on表示方位，“在……端/邊”，即一個(gè)地方在另一個(gè)地方的某一端或某一邊，兩個(gè)地方只是相鄰或接壤，卻互不管轄。HenanProvinceisonthesoutheastofShanxi.河南省在山西的東南邊。(河南省與山西在地理位置上是連在一起的，即兩者相鄰，卻互不管轄)ChinafacesthePacificontheeast.中國(guó)東臨太平洋。(中國(guó)與太平洋相鄰)Thecountryisboundedontheeastbythesea.那個(gè)國(guó)家東邊與海接界。(暗指該國(guó)為沿海國(guó)家)GansuProvinceisonthenorthofSichuanProvince3.to表示方位，“在……面”，即一個(gè)地方在另一個(gè)地方的范圍之外，互不管轄。尤其當(dāng)兩個(gè)地方相隔較遠(yuǎn)，且有湖泊、大海等區(qū)域相隔時(shí)，通常用to。JapanistotheeastofChina.日本在中國(guó)的東面。(日本在中國(guó)范圍之外，且有日本海分隔)TaiwanistothesoutheastofFujianTaiyaunistothewestofShijiazhuang.太原在石家莊的西面。(太原和石家莊分別為兩座城市，地理位置上互不相連，也互不管轄)Thereisabeautifulzoototheeastofthestation.車站東面有一座景色宜人的動(dòng)物園。4.把河流、山脈、鐵路等事物當(dāng)做兩地的分界線或基點(diǎn)，且不說(shuō)明河流、山脈、鐵路等是屬于哪一方，通常使用介詞to，譯為“以……(方向)”。此外，表示一個(gè)地方離另一個(gè)地方有多遠(yuǎn)，也用to。LandtotheeastoftheUralsiscalledAsia；landtothewest，Europe.烏拉爾山脈以東的陸地稱為亞洲；以西的陸地稱為歐洲。Theparkliestothenorthofthehill.那座公園在山的北面。ThelittletownliesabouttwohundredmilestothewestofXi’an.那座小城鎮(zhèn)位于西安以西約兩百英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。試比較：Theschoolislocatedtothesouthofthecity.那個(gè)學(xué)校在本市的南面。(該學(xué)校在本市范圍之外)Theschoolislocatedinthesouthofthecity.那個(gè)學(xué)校在本市的南部。(該學(xué)校在本市范圍之內(nèi))Step3:Doingexercises1.Harbinisinthe______ofChina.2.Liaoningis______thewestofJilin.3.Guangzhouisinthe______ofChina.4.Fujianis______thesoutheastofHubei.5.Xiningisinthe______ofQinghai.6.Guilinis______thesouthwestofChangsha.7.InnerMongoliais______thenorthofChina.8.Yantaiisan______cityofChina.9.Gansuisa______provinceof10.Guizhouis______thewestofHunanandistothe______ofHenan,andistothe______ofGuangdong.Keys:1.northeast2.on3.south4.to5.east6.to7.in8.eastern9.western10.on,southwest,northwestStep4:Closingdownbylistingcommonprepositionsabout

above

across

after

against

around

at

before

behind

below

beneath

beside

besides

between

beyondby

down

during

except

for

from

in

inside

into

like

near

of

offon

out

outside

over

since

through

throughout

till

to

toward

under

up

upon

with

withoutaccordingto

becauseof

bywayof

inadditionto

infrontof

inplaceof

inregardto

inspiteof

insteadof

onaccountof

outof

Period3Grammar—Passivevoiceandsubjectandverbagreement■GoalsTolearnaboutpassivevoice:presentandpastformsTolearnaboutsubjectandverbagreement■ProceduresStep1:Learningaboutpassivevoice:presentandpastformsForeverytenseintheActiveVoice,thereisacorrespondingtenseinthePassiveVoice.InthePassiveVoice,theverbtobeactsasanauxiliary.ThePassiveVoicetensesofanEnglishverbareformedfromthecorrespondingconjugationsoftobe,followedbythepastparticipleoftheverb.

TheFormationofpassivevoice:presentandpastformsTenseAuxiliaryVerbFormSimplePresentam/is/arepastparticiplePresentContinuousam/is/arebeingpastparticiplePresentPerfecthave/hasbeenpastparticiplePresentPerfectContinuoushave/hasbeenbeingpastparticipleSimplePastwas/werepastparticiplePastContinuouswas/werebeingpastparticiplePastPerfecthadbeenpastparticiplePastPerfectContinuoushadbeenbeingpastparticipleSimpleFuturewill(shall)bepastparticipleFutureContinuouswill(shall)bebeingpastparticipleFuturePerfectwill(shall)havebeenpastparticipleFuturePerfectContinuouswill(shall)havebeenbeingpastparticipleStep2:MakingpassivevoicesentencesinpresentandpastformsNowyouaregoingtoturnasmanysentencesfromGreatEuropeanCitiesaspossibleintopassivevoicesentencesinpresentandpastforms.ParisismadethecapitalofFrance.ParisisbuiltontheRiverSeine.Parisisregardedasoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.Parisisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.TheEiffelTowerTheEiffelTowerTheLouvreisalsofoundinParis.TheChurchoftheSagradaFamiliawasdesignedbyanarchitect.ThearchitectiscalledAntonioGaudi.Thechurchhasn’tbeenfinishedyet.Thepaintingswereproducedbygreatartists.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontourists.Athensisfoundtobethebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.TheParthenonwasbuiltduringthisperiod.Greece’sbestwriterswereinvitedtoliveinancientAthens.Otherwriterswereinfluencedbythem.Step3:LearningaboutsubjectandverbagreementBasicPrinciple:Singularsubjectsneedsingularverbs;pluralsubjectsneedpluralverbs.Forexample:Mybrotherisateacher.Mysistersaremathematicians.Thesubjectofasentencemustagreewiththeverbofthesentence.Howdotheyagree?Theymustagreeintwoways:innumber:singularvs.plural,inperson:first,second,orthirdperson.Weallknowthesemeaningsof"agree,"butwhenwetalkaboutsubject-verbagreement;we'retalkingaboutsomethingdifferent:matchingsubjectsandverbsaccordingtonumber.Thatis,whenyouhaveasingularsubject,youhavetomatchitwithasingularverbform:Theboyplays.Whenyouhaveapluralsubject,youmusthaveapluralverbform:Theboysplay.Inshort,simplesentences,youshouldhavenoproblemwithagreement.Youcanheartheproblem:Theboysplays.Whenit'swrong,itjustsoundsfunny.Step4:Summarizingsubjectandverbagreement“morethanone＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù):Morethanoneteachersgetsthedictionaries.“manya＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)：Manyaworkershasbeensenttobuildthedam．“halfof,therestof,mostof,allof及百分?jǐn)?shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)＋of等后接名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式根據(jù)of后的名詞而定：Threefourthsofthelandiscoveredwithtrees.all指人時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；all指物時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)：Allarepresentandallisgoingwell.what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可視表語(yǔ)而定：表語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，相反，則用復(fù)數(shù)：Whattheywanttogetareanumberofgoodcars.and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞前若用each,every,no修飾，該名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：Nomanandnodogisfoundintheroom.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,but,like,ratherthan,except等引的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與最前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致:MymotheraswellashersistershasbeentoTaiyuan．each作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定，與each無(wú)關(guān)：Theyeachhavearadioset.動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)：Goingshoppingonweekendsisnotgood.Thefollowing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與后面名詞的數(shù)保持一致：Thefollowingaremyarticles.下面是我的文章。以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞，如politics等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。以-s結(jié)尾的名詞news,works等同屬此類：Politicsisnotinteresting.有些用來(lái)表示由兩個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)部分組成一體的名詞復(fù)數(shù)（trousers,glasses,shoes等）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面若有“一條”、“一副”、“一把”之類的單位詞，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若沒(méi)有單位詞或單位詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：Thetrousersareok.“Oneandahalf＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)：Oneandahalfhoursisnotenough.“oneortwo/more＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：Oneortwocitiesareflooded.“oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋定語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)；而在“theonlyoneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋定語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)：Heisoneoftheworkerswhogotlaidoff.表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，但若強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用復(fù)數(shù)：Onemillionyuanisalotofmoney.Step4:AbsorbinformationconcerningNationalCollege高考鏈接1.NobodybutJane____thesecret.(2022全國(guó))A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown2.Allbutone_____herejustnow.(2022全國(guó))A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.(2022全國(guó))A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.(1999全國(guó))A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered5.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.(2022全國(guó))A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided6.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.(1996全國(guó))A.were,wasB.was,wasC.was,wereD.were,wereofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.(2000全國(guó))A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are8.Apoetandartist___comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.(2022天津)A.isB.areC.wasD.wereMostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths____alsotrueoftheJohnsons.（2022安徽）A.areB.isC.beingD.tobe10.Whatweusedtothink___impossiblenowdoesseempossible.(2022天津)A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbeKeys:1-5BDBAA6-10CCABBStep5:鞏固練習(xí)1.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat____asked.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen2.Betweenthentworowsoftrees_____theteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are3.Allthatcanbedone______.A.hasbeendoneB.hasdoneC.havedoneD.weredone4.Theyeach_____anewdictionary.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are5.Thesingerandthedancer______cometothemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is6.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest_____moredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.Thewounded_______bythehospital.A.havebeentakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.hastakenin8.Businessstudies_askill-basedsubjectwhich_students’abilitytousetheirknowledge.is;testB.is;testsC.are;testD.are;tests9.Behindthediscussionaboutfreee-mails__theideaofhowtousetheInternetcorrectly.A.isB.areC.haveD.has10.Theexcellentserviceofthewaiters’__highlypraised.That’swhytherestaurantisalwaysfullofpeople.A.wereB.areC.wasD.isKeys:1-5CBABB6-10AABADPeriod4Writing—Writingaboutcitiesandwritingdialogues■GoalsTolearntowriteaboutcities■ProceduresStep1:WritingaboutParisandBarcelonaParisParis,city(1999pop.2,115,757;metropolitanareaest.pop.11,000,000),NcentralFrance,capitalofthecountry,ontheSeineRiver.ItisthecommercialandindustrialfocusofFranceandaculturalandintellectualcenterofinternationalrenown.Thecitypossessesanindefinableunityofatmospherethathasfascinatedwriters,poets,andpaintersforcenturies.ParisissometimescalledtheCityofParisisthecenterofmanymajornewspapersandperiodicals,aswellasallthemajorFrenchradioandtelevisionstations.Elegantstoresandhotels,lavishnightclubs,theaters,andgourmetrestaurantshelpmaketourismthebiggestindustryinParis.Otherleadingindustriesmanufactureluxuryarticles,high-fashionclothing,perfume,andjewelry.Heavyindustry,notablyautomobilemanufacture,islocatedinthesuburbs.AboutonequarteroftheFrenchlaborforceisconcentratedintheParisarea.BarcelonaAhandsomemoderncity,Barcelonahasbroadavenues,bustlingtraffic,andstrikingnewbuildings.Theoldcity,withwinding,narrowstreets(Romanwallsarestillvisible),hasmanyhistoricstructures,includingtheimposingCathedralofSantaEulalia(13th–15thcent.)withitsfinecloisters,theChurchofSantaMaríadelMar,thecityhall,andtheLonjaorexchange.AlsonotableistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia(begun1882),designedbyAntonioGaudí.BarcelonaisthesiteoftheFineArtsMuseumofCatalonia,thePicassoMuseum,theContemporaryStep2:PuttingthetextintoadialogueYouaregoingtoworkingpairstoputthetextGreatEuropeanCitiesintoadialogue.Tomorrowyouwillbeaskedtoactitout.A:Youareaforeignstudenthere?B:Yes,Iam.IamfromFrance.A:Whatcityisthecapitalcity?B:Parisisthecapitalcity.A:IsitthelargestcityofFrance,too?B:Yes,itis.A:WhereisParis?B:ItissituatedontheRiverSeine.A:Aretheremanyvisitorsthere?B:Yes,thereare.Parisisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldandisvisitedbymorethaneightmilliontouristseveryyear.A:Whatisthemostfamousplaceofinterest?B:ThemostpopularplacefortouristsistheEiffelA:AnditisalsothefamoussymbolofPairs.B:Youareright.A:Bytheway,whereistheLouvre?B:Itisoneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries,anditisalsolocatedinParis.A:Whatelseisthecityfamousfor?A:Thecityisalsofamousforitsrestaurants,cafésandtheatres.B:AndIhearthatabouttwo-thirdsofFrance’sartistsandwritersliveinParis.A:YesterdayIwatchedanicemovieonTV.B:Whatwasit?A:ItisLoveinAthens.B:Athens?ItisthecapitalofGreece,isn’tit?A:Yes,itis.B:Whatisitfamousfor?A:Thecityisknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilization.B:Thenitisacitywithalonghistory,isn’tit?A:Yes,itis.Twothousandfourhundredyeasago,itwastheworld’smostpowerfulcity.B:IrememberthatBuildingssuchastheParthenonontheAcropolisHillwereperhapsbuiltthere.A:Exactly.Theywerebuilttherealmosttwothousandfourhundredyearsago.B:Didsomegreatpeoplelivethere?A:Yes,theydid.Greece’sbestwriterslivedinancientAthens,andtheirworkshasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.A:IamvisitingFlorencenextweek.Wouldyoubesokindastotellmesomethingaboutit?B:Yes,ofcourse.A:WhatisFlorencefamousfor?B:FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance.A:TheRenaissance?Whatisit?B:Itisagreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.A:WhyisFlorencefamousfortheRenaissance?B:BecausesomeofthegreatestpaintersofalltimelivedandworkedinFlorence.A:Didtheyproduceanyworksthere?B:Yes,theydid.ManyofFlorence’smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureswereproducedbygreatartistssuchasLeonardodaVinciandMichelangelo.A:That’swhyIamgoingthere.B:Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontouristswhocometoseetheartgalleries,churchesandmuseums.A:AndIamgoingtoseetheUffiziB:Mayyouhaveanicestaythere!A:Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.Wherehaveyoubeento?B:IhavebeentoBarcelona.A:Ihaveneverheardofthiscity.Tellmemoreaboutit.B:BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpain.A:WhereisitinSpain?B:Itissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometerseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.A:Arethereanylandmarksinthecity?B:Yes,thereare.OneoftheBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarksistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia.A:Whowasitdesigned?B:ItwasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.A:HowlongdidGaudiworkontheproject?B:Heworkedonitfrom1882untilhisdeathin1926.A:Didhelivetoseeitfinished?B:No,hedidn’t.Thechurchhadn’tbeenfinishedwhenhedied.A:Whatapity!Period5Speaking—PronunciationandeverydayEnglish■GoalsTolearnabouttagquestionsTorole-playaconversation■ProceduresStep1:LearningaboutTagQuestionsAtagquestionisaspecialconstructioninEnglish.Itisastatementfollowedbyamini-question.Thewholesentenceisa"tagquestion",andthemini-questionattheendiscalleda"questiontag".Weusetagquestionsattheendofstatementstoaskforconfirmation.Theymeansomethinglike:"AmIright?"or"Doyouagree?"TheyareverycommoninEnglish.Thebasicstructureis:+

Positivestatement,-

negativetag?-

Negativestatement,+

positivetag?Lookattheseexampleswithpositivestatements:positivestatement[+]negativetag[-]notes:subjectauxiliarymainverbauxiliarynotpersonal

pronoun

(sameassubject)Youarecoming,aren'tyou?Wehavefinished,haven'twe?Youdolikecoffee,don'tyou?You

likecoffee,don'tyou?You(do)like...Theywillhelp,won'tthey?won't=willnotIcancome,can'tI?Wemustgo,mustn'twe?Heshouldtryharder,shouldn'the?YouareEnglish,aren'tyou?noauxiliaryformainverbbepresent&pastJohnwasthere,wasn'the?Lookattheseexampleswithnegativestatements:negativestatement[-]positivetag[+]subjectauxiliarymainverbauxiliarypersonal

pronoun

(sameassubject)Itisn'training,isit?Wehaveneverseenthat,havewe?Youdon'tlikecoffee,doyou?Theywillnothelp,willthey?Theywon'treportus,willthey?Icanneverdoitright,canI?Wemustn'ttellher,mustwe?Heshouldn'tdrivesofast,shouldhe?Youaren'tEnglish,areyou?Johnwasnotthere,washe?Somespecialcases:Iamright,aren'tI?aren'tI(notamn't