Unit1單元檢測(cè)卷-高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

Unit1單元檢測(cè)卷(滿分100分)一、閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)AOnaverage,Americansspendabout10hoursadayinfrontofacomputerorotherelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)andlessthan30minutesadayoutdoors.ThatisaclaimmadebyDavidStrayer,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.Inhis2017TEDTalk,Strayerexplainedthatallthistimespentwithtechnologywasmakingourbrainstired.Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatsocialmediaputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain,which,Strayerexplains,isimportantforcritical(有判斷力的)thinking,problem-solvinganddecision-making.So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnature,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.Morethan15,000campersfromaroundtheworldattendedaninternationalcampingfestivalinSeptember.Thatiswhenfriendsandfamilytaketimeoffandescapetonatureforseveraldays.Theytakewalks,climb,explore,swim,sleep,eatandplay.Campingmaybejustwhatatiredbrainneeds.TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.KateSomersisanotherexamplewhoalsolivesinWestVirginia.Shesayssheenjoyscampingwithherhusbandandtwochildren.Shecallsita“regenerative”experience.AttheUniversityofUtah,DavidStrayerhasstudiedbothshort-termandlong-termexposuretonature.Hefoundthatspendingshortamountsoftimeinnaturewithouttechnologydidcalmthebrainandhelpedittorememberbetter.However,hefound,itwasthelong-termcontactwithnaturethatdidthemostgood.Heandhisresearchteamfoundthatspendingthreedaysinnaturewithoutanytechnologywasenoughtimeforthebraintofullyrelaxandresetitself.1.WhatisDavidStrayer'sopinion?A.Americansdislikeoutdooractivities.B.Electronicequipmentshouldbequitted.C.Newtechnologiesareadouble-edgedsword.D.Electronicequipmentbringsgreatconvenience.2.WhydoesStrayerinsistwegooutdoors?A.Totryanotherlifestyle.B.Torefreshourbrain.C.Tomakebetterdecisions.D.Toplaywithourfamilyandfriends.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regenerative”mean?A.Reborn. B.Memorable.C.Remarkable. D.Tiring.BLauraSideswasapsychologymajorattheUniversityofNottinghamin2004.Shefirstnoticedsignsofherdad'sdevelopingdementia(癡呆)whenshemovedtoNottingham.Shesaid,“Dadwasadoctor,soheknewexactlywhatwashappeningtohim,butpeopletrytohideitwhentheyareill.Then,Icamehomeformy21stbirthdayandarrangedtomeethim,buthenevershowedupashe'dforgotten.That'swhenIknewsomethingseriouswashappening.”So,aged21,shedecidedtoleaveuniversityandlookafterhimherself.Shelivedcloseby,visitinghimeverydaytomakesurethathewaseating,andthatthehousewastidy,beforeheadingofftoherwork.Besideschallengingmoments,thereweretimeswhenlookingafterherdadwasapurejoy.“We'dwakeup,I'daskwhathewantedtodothatday,andhoweverridiculoustheadventureis,offwe'dgo.”Sadly,in2009,5yearslater,Lauralostherfather.Beforehedied,Laurawenttoahospitalappointmentwithhim,wheredoctorsmentionedthathisformofAlzheimer'sdiseasewasgenetic,meaningtherewasafifty-fiftychancethatshehadinheritedit.ForseveralyearsLauraagonisedoverwhethertobetested,finallyfindingoutinAugust2017thatshehasthegene,meaningthat,likehim,shewilldeveloptheconditionwithinadecade.Atfirst,shestruggled,feelingasifshelackedpurpose.Then,duringasleeplessnightinthesummerof2018,shedecidedataround2a．m.toenterthe2019LondonMarathonsponsoredbythecharitiesAlzheimer'sSocietyandAlzheimer'sResearchUK.Shehopedtostarttheconversationaroundearly-onsetAlzheimer'sandtoencouragepeopletotalkaboutitmoreopenly.“IrememberwhenDadwasill,peoplewouldn'tknowhowtoreactanditallfeltveryhiddenaway,butIwanttobehonestandopen.”Sheadded.“Themoreinformationwecanget,thelessofataboo(忌諱)wewillfeel.Thatsaid,thesupportI'vereceivedsofaraftergoingpublichasbeenamazing—that'swhatiscarryingmethrough.”4.Lauranoticedherfather'sdementiawhen.A.herfathertoldherhisconditioninpersonB.peoplenearbyinformedherofhisfather'sconditionC.herfatherforgothisownbirthdaypartyD.herfatherforgother21-year-oldbirthday5.Theunderlinedword“agonised”inParagraph4probablymeans“”．A.excited B.struggledC.shocked D.delighted6.Laurastartedtheopentalkinthehopeof.A.gettingpeopletotalkaboutAlzheimer'sopenlyB.earningsomemoneytohelptreatherAlzheimer'sC.makingherselfstrongertofightagainstAlzheimer'sD.raisingfundsforcharitiesAlzheimer'sSocietyandAlzheimer'sResearchUK7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLaura?A.Caringandpositive.B.Carefulandhonest.C.Patientandcautious.D.Devotedandmodest.CIalwayswantedtobeextraordinaryatsomething.Iwantedtobebest-in-class,awe-inspiring,tiptop;aworld-famousgenius,likeMichaelPhelpsorMarkZuckerberg.Unfortunately,myversionofrealitydidnotquitelineupwiththisdelusionalvision.Iwasagoodswimmer,butIpeakedatthecollegiatestatechampionshipslevel.Myacademicrecordwasprettysolid,butIneverwouldhavemadeitintooneofthoseivy-leagueschools.ThoughIrosetoabove-averagestatusinacoupleofareas,thedisappointingtruthwasthatIwouldneveramounttoanythingmorethanamid-sizedfishinasmallpond.Godapparentlyhadotherplans.Whatdrovemecrazy,though,wasthesuperstartalentthrowninmyfaceateveryturn.Somefolksjustseemedtogetanunfairintensivedose(劑量)ofit.Whycouldn'tIbelikeBernieWilliam,theworld-classjazzguitarvirtuoso(大師)?Somesaygreatnessissimplyafunctionofputtinginthepracticetime.Aroundtenthousandhours,tobeprecise,accordingtoauthorMalcolmGladwell.Idon'tquestionthetheoryofdevotingextraordinaryeffortstodevelopingone'sexpertise,butitseemsthatrawtalentisequallyimportant.Youeitherhaveitoryoudon't.I'veheardthataspeopleapproachmiddleage,theirlifesatisfactionincreasesbecausetheybegintoacceptthegapbetweentheexpectationsforthemselvesandthereality.Afterafewdecadesoffrustrationwithoutthedesiredresults,weeventuallycometotermswithhowourlivesturnedout,evenifitfallsfarshortofouridealizedyouthfulexpectation.Hopebends,itseems.8.Whatdoestheword“delusional”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Imaginary.B.Realistic.C.Abstract.D.Practical.9.Inthepassage,thewriterthinksofhimselfas.A.aworld-famousgeniusB.amid-sizedfishinasmallpondC.aworld-classvirtuosoD.astudentinanivy-leagueschool10.Accordingtothewriter,whatmakes“greatness”？A.Extraordinaryefforts.B.Tenthousandhoursofpractice.C.Rawtalent.D.Talentandtime.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A.HopebendsB.FrustratingdecadesC.PracticeworksD.YouthfulexpectationDSorrytosay,ourbrainsnaturallystartslowingdownatthecruellyyoungageof30.Itusedtobethoughtthatthiscouldn'tbehelped,butpeopleofanyagecouldtraintheirbrainstobefasterand,ineffect,younger.Yourbrainisalearningmachine.Giventherighttools,wecantrainourbrainstoactliketheydidwhenwewereyounger.Allthatisrequiredisdedicated(專注的)practice:exercisesforthemind.Ascientisthasdevelopedacomputer-basedtrainingscheduletospeeduphowthebrainprocessesinformation.Sincemuchofthedatawereceivecomesthroughspeech,theBrainFitnessProgramworkswithlanguageandhearingtoimprovebothspeedandaccuracy.Overthecourseofyourtraining,theprogramstartsaskingyoutodistinguishsounds(between“dog”and“bog”，forinstance)atanincreasinglyfasterrate.It'sabitlikeatennisinstructor,shootingballsatyoufasterandfasteroverthecourseofthesummertokeepyouchallenged.Thoughyoumayhavestartedoutslow,amonthlateryou'reprettyquick.Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyadaptable.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.Anditmayspeedupintheprocess.Tokeepyourbrainyoung,youcandooneofamillionnewactivitiesthatchallengeandexciteyou:playingping-pongorcontractbridge,doingpuzzles,learningnewlanguageoradance,takingpianolessons,buildingmodelairplane,masteringgardeningtechnique,discoveringthesecretsofbeer-makingand,sure,relearningadvancedmathematics.Anythingthatcloselyengagesyourfocusandisstronglyrewardingwillkickyourbrainintolearningmodeandwilldefinitelyimproveit.12.Whydidtheauthorcallourbrainalearningmachine?A.Becauseitworkswellatanyage.B.Becauseitcanbetrainedtobesharp.C.Becauseithelpsyouacquireknowledge.D.Becauseitcanbeusedtostoreinformation.13.WhatareyouaskedtododuringtheBrainFitnessProgram?A.Speakalanguageatahighspeed.B.Tellapartwordsthatsoundsimilar.C.Listwordsthathavethesamemeanings.D.Receivetennisballsthrownbyaninstructor.14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelearningprocessofthebrain?A.Fasterandfaster.B.Hardanddifficult.C.Tiredbutdelighted.D.Easybutbeneficial.15.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Thefunctionofthebrain.B.Fitnessprogramarrangement.C.Activitiesusedtotrainthebrain.D.Pleasurefromdifferentactivities.二、七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。What'severyone'sfavouriteperiod?Lunch,whatelse?16Especiallyiffoodslikepizza,orcheeseburgers(奶酪漢堡)areinfrontofyouwhenyou'remosthungry.Herearesometrickstochoosefoodsthatwillkeepyoufocusedandactivethroughouttheday.17Ifyourschoolcafeteriaprovidesaweeklyormonthlymenu,checkitout.Knowingwhat'sonthemenuputsyouincontrol.Youcanpickandchoosewhenyouwanttobuylunchandwhenyouwanttobringyourown.Headforthesaladbar.18Ifyou'dratherpack,consideraddingcarrotsticks,apieceoffreshfruit,orpurplecabbagetoyourlunchbag.Doremembernottoputtoomuchsaladdressing.Taketheenergyintoconsideration.Somefoodsarebetterchoicesthanothersforobtainingenergyduringtheday.Chooselow-fatfoods,likechicken,beans,orlow-fatmilkproductsandaddlotsoffruitsandvegetablestoyourmeal.19Foods,likesugarysnacks(小吃)orFrenchfries,maygiveyouaquickrushofenergy,butit'snotlasting—whichmeansyou'llbeleftwantingmoresoonafteryoueat.Stopforasnack.Youcan'tconcentratewithoutawell-fedmindandbody.Sotakealongahealthysnack,likecarrotsticks,tofighthungerbetweenclasses.20A.Getacopyofthemenu.B.Makeamenuforyourschoolcafeteria.C.Itcanbehardtomakehealthychoices.D.Ifyourschooloffersone,takeadvantageofit.E.Youmaytakeawaywhateveryougetinterestedin.F.Itwillkeepyougoingandhelpavoidovereatingwhenmealtimearrives.G.They'llprovidethemineralsyouneedandtheenergytogetthroughtheday.9.20.三、完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)TheteachersIknowdidn'texpecthowhardthisremoteteachingwouldbe.Therearesomany21thatarise:familiesnotresponding,studentswhocan't22newplatforms,andnewplatformsnotdoingwhattheyare23todo.Thelistgoeson.Butthat's24fromtheteachers'pointofview.Principalshavetoheartheteachers'issuesanddealwithparents'calling,tryingtogettheirkidsinthevirtualclassroom,getting25dailyfromthelocalgovernment,findingdevicesforeveryone,andmuchmore.Ourprincipaldidn't26allthisbeforetheworldturnedupsidedown.Now,sheis27itall,helpingteachers,parents,andstudents,whilesolvingwhatthedistrictisimplementing(實(shí)施).Thereare28nightsandunbelievable29.I30alittledrivetodayfromthestaffbuilding.Wewereallonthe31today,andthendrovethroughthelocalneighbourhoodwithsignsonour32，soundingourhornsandwavingatourstudentsintheiryardsandontheirporches.Iaskedthestafftobring33forourprincipal:papertowels,handsanitizer(洗手液),gloves,masks,andsomeother34things.Othersbroughtwineandchocolate.Wecouldn'ttakeallher35offherback,butwecouldshowherthatweloveandappreciateher.21.A.calls B.issuesC.requests D.thoughts22.A.moveoff B.lookafterC.turndown D.geton23.A.supposed B.orderedC.permitted D.taught24.A.still B.evenC.also D.just25.A.payments B.directionsC.efforts D.lessons26.A.expect B.fearC.value D.suspect27.A.removing B.handlingC.delaying D.treasuring28.A.sleepless B.hopelessC.aimless D.useless29.A.surprise B.annoyanceC.stress D.trouble30.A.imagined B.foundC.predicted D.organized31.A.spot B.roadC.campus D.street32.A.hats B.suitsC.cars D.bikes33.A.materials B.itemsC.groceries D.instruments34.A.daily B.importantC.valuable D.colourful35.A.positions B.beliefsC.goals D.responsibilities四、語篇填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Researchershavediscoveredthepeoplewiththe36(healthy)heartsintheworld.TheTsimanépeopleliveintheAmazonbasinofBoliviaandhavealmostnoriskofseriousheartdiseasebecause37theirplant-baseddietandhighlevelsofphysicalactivity.Besides38(have)ahealthyheart,theTsimanéalsohavelowbloodpressureandlowbloodsugar.This39(mean)theyarefreeofmanyofthediseasesandconditions40killhundredsofmillionsaroundtheworld.Astudyshowedthatan80-year-oldTsimanépersonhad41samecardiovascular(心血管的)ageasanAmericaninhismid-50s.ThestudyontheTsimanéwaspublishedinthemedicaljournalTheLancet.Thestudyco-authorDrGregorySThomasstated,“Thisstudysuggeststhatsomediseasescould42(avoid)ifpeopleadoptedsomeelementsoftheTsimanélifestyle,suchaskeepingtheirbloodpressureandbloodsugarverylow,notsmokingandbeing43(physical)active.”Headded,“Itmaynotbepossibleforpeopleintheindustrialisedworld44(copy)theTsimanécommunity'swayoflife,buttherearecertainly45(aspect)oftheirdietandlifestylethatwecanbetterbringintoourlivestohelpreduceourriskofheartdisease.”5.五、寫作(滿分20分)閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。EmilyWhitecametotheworld17yearsago,withsomanybirthproblemsinherbody.Someofherorgans,bonesandmuscleswereoutofshape.Nooneexpectedhertosurvivelong.Shedidmakeit,butwithherstrangebodyfigure,everyonecouldrecognizeher,evenfromadistance.Inherhometown,ayearlyoutdoorperformancewasheldintheschoolauditorium(禮堂).IthadbeenperformedforsomanyyearsandactuallyhadbecomeoneofthemostimportanteventsoftheChristmasseasonformanyofthetown'speople.Manypeopletriedouteachyearforit,butsomanywereturnedaway.Itcanonlyincludethemostexcellentpeopleinthefield.Emilyhadabeautifulsingingvoice.LastyearshewenttoMrsOwens—hermusicteachertoasktojoinintheperformance.Withoutlettinghersing,MrsOwenstookaglanceatAmy'sbodyandsaid,“Child,youarejustnotsuitable.Everyonew