美國(guó)文學(xué)欣賞WashingtonIrving課件

WashingtonIrving

(1783-1859)

“RipVanWinkle”

（《瑞普·凡·溫克爾》)1WashingtonIrving

(1783-1859)WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)I.PositioninAmericanliteratureII.Life

III.WorksIV.LiteraryAchievementsV.StyleVI.Contributions2WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)I.精品資料3精品資料3你怎么稱(chēng)呼老師？如果老師最后沒(méi)有總結(jié)一節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)的難點(diǎn)，你是否會(huì)認(rèn)為老師的教學(xué)方法需要改進(jìn)？你所經(jīng)歷的課堂，是講座式還是討論式？教師的教鞭“不怕太陽(yáng)曬，也不怕那風(fēng)雨狂，只怕先生罵我笨，沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)無(wú)顏見(jiàn)爹娘……”“太陽(yáng)當(dāng)空照，花兒對(duì)我笑，小鳥(niǎo)說(shuō)早早早……”44I.PositioninAmericanliteratureFatherofAmericanliterature1.thefirstAmerican(true)literarywriter2.thefirstAmericanmanofletters3.America’sfirstgenuineinternationallybest-sellingauthor5I.PositioninAmericanlitera4.thefirstbelletristinAmericanliterature,writingforpleasureatatimewhenwritingwaspracticalandforusefulpurposes-------------------------------------------------------------------------belletristn.純文學(xué)作者64.thefirstbelletristinAme5.thefirstAmericanwritertoearnhislivingsolelybyhispen6.thefirstAmericanliteraryhumorist7.thefirstmodernshortstorywriter8.thefirsttowritehistoryandbiographyasentertainment75.thefirstAmericanwritert9.HisuseofthegothiclooksforwardtoPoe.10.themessengersentfromthenewworldtotheoldworld11.“theAmericanGoldsmith”89.HisuseofthegothiclooksMarkTwainalsoiscalledtheFatherofAmericanLiteraturethetrueFatherofAmericanLiterature9MarkTwainalsoiscalled9II.lifeandliterarycareerBorn:3April1783Birthplace:NewYork,NewYorkDied:28November1859namedforGeorgeWashington;hisparentswereadmirersofGeneralWashington.10II.lifeandliterarycareerBo1111Irvingwasbornin1783,theyearinwhichBenjaminFranklinsignedatParisthetreatyofpeacewithEnglandaftertheRevolutionaryWar.12Irvingwasbornin1783,theyIrving'smotherwasborninEnglandstudiedlawamusedhimselfbywritingforperiodicalsFrom1804to1806hisolderbrothersfinancedhistourofFranceandItaly.13Irving'smotherwasborninEnUnderthepseudonymDiedrichKnickerbocker,hepublishedAHistoryofNewYork(1809),asatirethathasbeencalledthefirstgreatbookofcomicliteraturewrittenbyanAmerican.14UnderthepseudonymDiedrichK1515In1820,IrvingpublishedTheSketchBook

underthepseudonymGeoffreyCrayon.ThehitbookmadeIrvingthefirstAmericanauthortogainrealfameinEurope.16In1820,IrvingpublishedTheThestories(including“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”)appearedseriallyin1819–20.17Thestories(including“RipVaTheirenthusiasticreceptionmadeIrvingthebest-knownfigureinAmericanliteraturebothathomeandabroad.18TheirenthusiasticreceptionmInsearchofcolorfulmaterial,hemadeajourneytothefrontierandwroteabouttheAmericanWestinATourofthePrairies

(《大草原游記》,1835).19InsearchofcolorfulmaterialLatelife:acolossal5-volumebiographyofGeorgeWashingtonabiographyofChristopherColumbusisstillconsideredaclassic.20Latelife:20Irving’sgrave21Irving’sgrave21III.MajorWorks(1809:AHistoryofNewYork《紐約外史》1820:TheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon,Gent.《見(jiàn)聞札記》Twofolktales:“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”(《睡谷傳奇》)1822:BracebridgeHall《布雷斯勃列奇莊園》1824:TalesofaTraveller《游客談》1835:ATourofthePrairies《大草原游記》22III.MajorWorks(1809:AHistoStylegraceful,refined,fluentanddignifiedsentimental,romantic23Stylegraceful,refined,fluenIV.Comment

ThefirstAmericanauthortowininternationalrecognitionThefirstprosestylistofAmericanromanticismInhisSketchBookappearedthefirstmodernAmericanshortstories.HisessaysaremodelsofperfectEnglish.Irvingcreatedhumorbythewayhesaidthings:1)Hedelightedinmakingironicremarkswhichsayjusttheoppositeofwhathemeant.2)Heuseddignifiedwordstoproduceahalf-mockingeffect.3)Hewasalsofondofexaggeratingtheseriousnessofsituations.Henotonlyprovidedayoungnationwithhumorous,fictionalaccountsofthecolonialpastbutalsohelpedcreateanAmericanmythologywhichismadeupofstoriesabouttheAmericanpastsowidelyreadastobefamiliartonearlyeveryAmerican.24IV.CommentThefirstAmericanshortstoryaprosenarrativethatisbriefinnaturealsohasmanyofthesamecharacteristicsofanovelincludingcharacters,settingandplot.25shortstoryaprosenarrativetHowever,duetolengthconstraints,thesecharacteristicsanddevicesgenerallymaynotbeasfullydevelopedorascomplexasthosedevelopedforafull-lengthnovel.26However,duetolengthconstraTheshortstoryusuallydealswithasingleepisodeandoftenasinglecharacter.Theshortstoryfrequentlyalsolacksdenouement(n.結(jié)局),endinginsteadatitsclimax.27TheshortstoryusuallydealsmanyauthorswellknownforitincludingEdgarAllanPoe,埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡OHenry,歐·亨利ErnestHemingway,海明威Poefirsttheorizedonthestructureandpurposeoftheshortstory.28manyauthorswellknownforitRipVanWinkle29RipVanWinkle292.

“RipVanWinkle”(1)introduction(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotagonist(3)Theplot302.“RipVanWinkle”(1)introd(1)introductionsimilartoa3rd-centuryChinesetaleofRankaretoldinLionelGilesinAGalleryofChineseImmortalspartofacollectionentitledTheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon31(1)introductionsimilartoaThestoryissetintheyearsbeforeandaftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.32Thestoryissetintheyears(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotagonistavillagerofDutchdescentlivesinanicevillageatthefootofNewYork'sCatskillMountainsanamiablemanwhosehomeandfarmsufferfromhislazyneglectheislovedbyallbuthiswife33(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotag3434(3)TheplotOneautumndayheescapeshisnaggingwifebywanderingupthemountains.Thereheencountersstrangelydressedmen,rumoredtobetheghostsofHenryHudson'screw,whoareplayingnine-pins.35(3)TheplotOneautumndayheAfterdrinkingsomeoftheirliquor,hesettlesdownunderashadytreeandfallsasleep.Hewakesandreturnstohisvillage,wherehefindstwentyyearshavepassed.Hefindsoutthathiswifehasdiedandthathisclosefriendshavediedinawarorgonesomewhereelse.36AfterdrinkingsomeoftheirlHeimmediatelygetsintotroublewhenheproclaimshimselfaloyalsubjectofKingGeorgeIII,notknowingthattheAmericanRevolutionhastakenplace.37HeimmediatelygetsintotroubAnoldlocalrecognizeshim,however,andRip'snowgrowndaughtertakeshimin.Ripresumeshishabitualidleness,andhistaleissolemnlybelievedbytheoldDutchsettlers,withcertainhen-peckedhusbandswishingtheysharedRip'sgoodluck.38Anoldlocalrecognizeshim,hVI.TopicsforDiscussion

1.ComparethedifferentsituationsinthevillageforRipVanWinklebeforeandafterhis20-yearsleep.1)changesinhisfamilyhisdaughtergrewupandmarried;hiswifedied;hisdognolongerrecognizedhim.2)changesinthevillageWhenRipreturned,childrenholleredathimandatfirstnoonerecognizedhim.TheportraitofKingGeorgewasreplacedbythatofWashington;aharangueaboutcitizen’srights3)changeinthelifestyle:peacefulinthepastbutnoisyafterRip’slongsleep39VI.TopicsforDiscussion1.C2.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofRipVanWinkle?Andwhatisyours?DoyouagreewithRip’sviewastothechangesofstatesandempires?Why?402.Whatistheauthor’sopinio3.ThisselectionisagoodillustrationofthehumorcharacteristicofIrving.AnalyzehowIrvingcreateshumor.413.Thisselectionisagoodil4.DoyouthinkRip’swifeisalsoawell-developedfigure?Howdoesthisfigureimpressyou?424.DoyouthinkRip’swifeisTheprotagonistRipVanWinklegood-natured,well-oiled,carefree,happy-go-lucky,showingnointerestinpoliticalaffairsalazyfarmerahen-peckedhusband;anirresponsibleheadofhisfamilyagoodneighbor,readytohelpothers43TheprotagonistRipVanWinkleV.StyleConservativee.g.RipfeltintosleepbeforeAmericanIndependenceandwokeafteritloveofoldworld'stradition“anoldgentlemanspeakingEnglishnotAmericanAimofwriting:entertainment,notmoralizing44V.StyleConservative44masterofagracefulandunobtrusively(不引人注意的)sophisticatedprosestyleGentle,refined,lucid,beautifulClassicalinformthoughromanticinsubjectsGoodatcreatingatmosphere45masterofagracefulandunobtHumorousFinished(精致完美的)andmusicallanguagevividcharacters46Humorous46VII.ContributionsA.HewasthefirstAmericanwriterofimaginativeliteraturetogaininternationalfame.B.TheshortstoryasagenreinAmericanliteratureprobablybeganwithIrving'sTheSketchBook.47VII.ContributionsA.HewasthC.Irvingpopularizedthenickname“Gotham”(哥譚鎮(zhèn),愚人村)forNewYorkCity.Heiscreditedwithinventingtheexpression“thealmightydollar”(萬(wàn)能的美元).48C.IrvingpopularizedthenickD.ThesurnameofhisDutchhistorian,DiedrichKnickerbocker,isgenerallyassociatedwithNewYorkandNewYorkers,andcanstillbeseenacrossthejerseysofNewYork'sprofessionalbasketballteam,albeitinitsmorefamiliar,abbreviatedform,readingsimplyKnicks.49D.ThesurnameofhisDutchhiWashingtonIrving

(1783-1859)

“RipVanWinkle”

（《瑞普·凡·溫克爾》)50WashingtonIrving

(1783-1859)WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)I.PositioninAmericanliteratureII.Life

III.WorksIV.LiteraryAchievementsV.StyleVI.Contributions51WashingtonIrving(1783-1859)I.精品資料52精品資料3你怎么稱(chēng)呼老師？如果老師最后沒(méi)有總結(jié)一節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)的難點(diǎn)，你是否會(huì)認(rèn)為老師的教學(xué)方法需要改進(jìn)？你所經(jīng)歷的課堂，是講座式還是討論式？教師的教鞭“不怕太陽(yáng)曬，也不怕那風(fēng)雨狂，只怕先生罵我笨，沒(méi)有學(xué)問(wèn)無(wú)顏見(jiàn)爹娘……”“太陽(yáng)當(dāng)空照，花兒對(duì)我笑，小鳥(niǎo)說(shuō)早早早……”534I.PositioninAmericanliteratureFatherofAmericanliterature1.thefirstAmerican(true)literarywriter2.thefirstAmericanmanofletters3.America’sfirstgenuineinternationallybest-sellingauthor54I.PositioninAmericanlitera4.thefirstbelletristinAmericanliterature,writingforpleasureatatimewhenwritingwaspracticalandforusefulpurposes-------------------------------------------------------------------------belletristn.純文學(xué)作者554.thefirstbelletristinAme5.thefirstAmericanwritertoearnhislivingsolelybyhispen6.thefirstAmericanliteraryhumorist7.thefirstmodernshortstorywriter8.thefirsttowritehistoryandbiographyasentertainment565.thefirstAmericanwritert9.HisuseofthegothiclooksforwardtoPoe.10.themessengersentfromthenewworldtotheoldworld11.“theAmericanGoldsmith”579.HisuseofthegothiclooksMarkTwainalsoiscalledtheFatherofAmericanLiteraturethetrueFatherofAmericanLiterature58MarkTwainalsoiscalled9II.lifeandliterarycareerBorn:3April1783Birthplace:NewYork,NewYorkDied:28November1859namedforGeorgeWashington;hisparentswereadmirersofGeneralWashington.59II.lifeandliterarycareerBo6011Irvingwasbornin1783,theyearinwhichBenjaminFranklinsignedatParisthetreatyofpeacewithEnglandaftertheRevolutionaryWar.61Irvingwasbornin1783,theyIrving'smotherwasborninEnglandstudiedlawamusedhimselfbywritingforperiodicalsFrom1804to1806hisolderbrothersfinancedhistourofFranceandItaly.62Irving'smotherwasborninEnUnderthepseudonymDiedrichKnickerbocker,hepublishedAHistoryofNewYork(1809),asatirethathasbeencalledthefirstgreatbookofcomicliteraturewrittenbyanAmerican.63UnderthepseudonymDiedrichK6415In1820,IrvingpublishedTheSketchBook

underthepseudonymGeoffreyCrayon.ThehitbookmadeIrvingthefirstAmericanauthortogainrealfameinEurope.65In1820,IrvingpublishedTheThestories(including“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”)appearedseriallyin1819–20.66Thestories(including“RipVaTheirenthusiasticreceptionmadeIrvingthebest-knownfigureinAmericanliteraturebothathomeandabroad.67TheirenthusiasticreceptionmInsearchofcolorfulmaterial,hemadeajourneytothefrontierandwroteabouttheAmericanWestinATourofthePrairies

(《大草原游記》,1835).68InsearchofcolorfulmaterialLatelife:acolossal5-volumebiographyofGeorgeWashingtonabiographyofChristopherColumbusisstillconsideredaclassic.69Latelife:20Irving’sgrave70Irving’sgrave21III.MajorWorks(1809:AHistoryofNewYork《紐約外史》1820:TheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon,Gent.《見(jiàn)聞札記》Twofolktales:“RipVanWinkle”and“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”(《睡谷傳奇》)1822:BracebridgeHall《布雷斯勃列奇莊園》1824:TalesofaTraveller《游客談》1835:ATourofthePrairies《大草原游記》71III.MajorWorks(1809:AHistoStylegraceful,refined,fluentanddignifiedsentimental,romantic72Stylegraceful,refined,fluenIV.Comment

ThefirstAmericanauthortowininternationalrecognitionThefirstprosestylistofAmericanromanticismInhisSketchBookappearedthefirstmodernAmericanshortstories.HisessaysaremodelsofperfectEnglish.Irvingcreatedhumorbythewayhesaidthings:1)Hedelightedinmakingironicremarkswhichsayjusttheoppositeofwhathemeant.2)Heuseddignifiedwordstoproduceahalf-mockingeffect.3)Hewasalsofondofexaggeratingtheseriousnessofsituations.Henotonlyprovidedayoungnationwithhumorous,fictionalaccountsofthecolonialpastbutalsohelpedcreateanAmericanmythologywhichismadeupofstoriesabouttheAmericanpastsowidelyreadastobefamiliartonearlyeveryAmerican.73IV.CommentThefirstAmericanshortstoryaprosenarrativethatisbriefinnaturealsohasmanyofthesamecharacteristicsofanovelincludingcharacters,settingandplot.74shortstoryaprosenarrativetHowever,duetolengthconstraints,thesecharacteristicsanddevicesgenerallymaynotbeasfullydevelopedorascomplexasthosedevelopedforafull-lengthnovel.75However,duetolengthconstraTheshortstoryusuallydealswithasingleepisodeandoftenasinglecharacter.Theshortstoryfrequentlyalsolacksdenouement(n.結(jié)局),endinginsteadatitsclimax.76TheshortstoryusuallydealsmanyauthorswellknownforitincludingEdgarAllanPoe,埃德加·愛(ài)倫·坡OHenry,歐·亨利ErnestHemingway,海明威Poefirsttheorizedonthestructureandpurposeoftheshortstory.77manyauthorswellknownforitRipVanWinkle78RipVanWinkle292.

“RipVanWinkle”(1)introduction(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotagonist(3)Theplot792.“RipVanWinkle”(1)introd(1)introductionsimilartoa3rd-centuryChinesetaleofRankaretoldinLionelGilesinAGalleryofChineseImmortalspartofacollectionentitledTheSketchBookofGeoffreyCrayon80(1)introductionsimilartoaThestoryissetintheyearsbeforeandaftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.81Thestoryissetintheyears(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotagonistavillagerofDutchdescentlivesinanicevillageatthefootofNewYork'sCatskillMountainsanamiablemanwhosehomeandfarmsufferfromhislazyneglectheislovedbyallbuthiswife82(2)RipVanWinkle:theprotag8334(3)TheplotOneautumndayheescapeshisnaggingwifebywanderingupthemountains.Thereheencountersstrangelydressedmen,rumoredtobetheghostsofHenryHudson'screw,whoareplayingnine-pins.84(3)TheplotOneautumndayheAfterdrinkingsomeoftheirliquor,hesettlesdownunderashadytreeandfallsasleep.Hewakesandreturnstohisvillage,wherehefindstwentyyearshavepassed.Hefindsoutthathiswifehasdiedandthathisclosefriendshavediedinawarorgonesomewhereelse.85AfterdrinkingsomeoftheirlHeimmediatelygetsintotroublewhenheproclaimshimselfaloyalsubjectofKingGeorgeIII,notknowingthattheAmericanRevolutionhastakenplace.86HeimmediatelygetsintotroubAnoldlocalrecognizeshim,however,andRip'snowgrowndaughtertakeshimin.Ripresumeshishabitualidleness,andhistaleissolemnlybelievedbytheoldDutchsettlers,withcertainhen-peckedhusbandswishingtheysharedRip'sgoodluck.87Anoldlocalrecognizeshim,hVI.TopicsforDiscussion

1.ComparethedifferentsituationsinthevillageforRipVanWinklebeforeandafterhis20-yearsleep.1)changesinhisfamilyhisdaughtergrewupandmarried;hiswifedied;hisdognolongerrecognizedhim.2)changesinthevillageWhenRipreturned,childrenholleredathimandatfirstnoonerecognizedhim.TheportraitofKingGeorgewasreplacedbythatofWashington;aharangueaboutcitizen’srights3)changeinthelifestyle:peacefulinthepastbutnoisyafterRip’slongsleep88VI.TopicsforDiscussion1.C2.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofRipVanWinkle?Andwhatisyours?DoyouagreewithRi