考研考博-英語-安陽工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安陽工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Parliamentmet______fordecadesinaformerwaterworksbecauseWestGermansinsistedthatBonnwasonlyaprovisionalcapital—pendingthegovernment’sreturntoBerlin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.offandoff

B.onandon

C.offandon

D.andsoon

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)offandoff非詞組；B選項(xiàng)onandon“持續(xù)不停地”；C選項(xiàng)offandon“斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地”；D選項(xiàng)andsoon“諸如此類”。句意：幾十年來，議會______在一個(gè)以前的自來水廠開會，因?yàn)槲鞯聢?jiān)持認(rèn)為波恩只是一個(gè)等待柏林回歸的臨時(shí)首都。根據(jù)語境，橫線處形容這幾十年來開會的頻率，C選項(xiàng)offandon“斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Initsmostabstractsensetheperceptionofalossofcommunityinmodernsocietyreferstochangesinboththestructureandcontentofpersonalrelationships.Herecommunityisusedtodenoteasenseofcommonidentitybetweenindividuals,andenduringtiesofaffectionandharmonybaseduponpersonalknowledgeandface-to-facecontact.Itisoftencontrastedwiththeimpersonalanddehumanizingaspectsofmodern

life,withtheriseofaselfishindividualism,acalculativeapproachtohumanrelationshipsandthesenseofsocialdislocationpresentunderconditionsofrapidsocialandeconomicchange.Thesejudgmentsweretypifiedbythepessimisticstrandofmucheighteenth-andnineteenth-centuryRomanticism,whichstressedtheunityofmanwithnature,opposedreasonwithsentimentandofferedthoroughgoingcriticismoftheemergingurban,industrialworlD.Theconceptofcommunitywasusedinordertocometotermswiththisnewformofsociety.Thescientificandtechnologicaladvancesofthenewagewerecontrastedwithman’sspiritualandemotionalimpoverishment,inwhichthelossofcommunitywastakenasemblematiC.Thetermwasthereforeusedinaliterallyreactionaryway,asareactiontoboththematerialsqualorandthespiritualdegradationwhichRomanticismassociatedwiththeriseofurbanindustrialism.Communitysignifiedamorehumaneandintimateexistence,morestable,moretraditionalandlesstaintedbytherationalpursuitofself-interest.ThetermwasusedbywriterslikeCobbettandColeridgetoevokealargelymythicalgoldenageinthepre-industrialworld,whereorganiccommunitiesofbeneficentlandownersandmerryrusticslivedahappyArcadianexistenceinthemainlyagriculturalvillagesandsmallmarkettownswhichconstitutedpre-industrial-society.Rapidurbanizationandindustrializationwereaccusedofhavingdestroyedthisnotionofcommunity.

TheIndustrialRevolutionwasbelievedtohavechangednotonlythestructureofsocietybyconcentratinglargenumbersofpeopleincitiesandinfactories,butalsothequalityoftherelationshipsuponwhichasenseofcommunityresteD.Outofthisperceptionthereemergedaverycommonliteraryandculturaltheme,fullyexploredbyRaymondWilliamsintwoofhisbooks,CultureandSocietyandTheCountryandtheCity(Williams,1961,1973).Sinceurbanindustrialismhadbroughtabreakdownofcommunityitfollowedthatrealcommunitiescouldnotexistinthenewindustrialcitiesbutonlyinthecountryside.Thevillagethereforecametoberegardedastheidealcommunity.Theromanticassertionoftheunitofmanwithnaturefounditscounterpartinanidyllicviewofrurallifeasconsistingofharmonyandvirtue.Relationshipsinruralcommunitieswereregardedasmoreindefinablyprofoundandfulfilling,generatingaprevailingsenseofmeaningfulsocialintimacy.Incities,ontheotherhand,itwasbelievedthatthe"unnatural"separationoftheirinhabitantsfromthelandandfromoneanotherprovokeddislocationandasuperficialandalienatingwayoflife.Thistendencytoidentifyasenseofcommunitywithparticularpatternsofsettlementandparticulargeographicallocationshasprovedtobeanimmenselyenduringone.AsWilliamsshows,itisatraditionthathaspenetratedlargeareasofourculture,includingourliterature,ouraesthetics,ourarchitectureandtownandcountryplanning,andevenoursocialscience.SuchatraditioncontinuestoactasafilterthroughwhichtherealityofurbanandrurallifeisconstantlybeinginterpreteD.Eventodaythereisatendencytoregardonlyruralvillagesasrealcommunitieswherewecanfindourroots,whilelifeincitiesisviewedasanecessaryeviltobeavoidedwheneverpossible.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Theeighteenth-and-nineteenth-centuryRomanticisminsistedthat（）.

3.Theword"emblematic"(ParA.1)mayhavethemeaningof（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,theconceptofcommunity（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.CommunityasCriticismofIndustrialSociety.

B.CommunityintheModernWorld

C.CommunityandChange

D.CommunityandtheSociologicalTradition.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.modernindustrydestroyedpeople'sharmoniousrelationshipwithnature

B.theurbanlifeisanevilthoughthedevelopmentofindustryisnecessary

C.theycreatedtheconceptofcommunitytocometotermswiththemodernworld

D.theindustrialdevelopmentenrichedthelifeofurbaninhabitants

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.poor

B.pessimistic

C.symbolic

D.disastrous

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isnotcreateduntiltherapidurbanizationandindustrializationoftheIndustrialRevolution

B.refersonlytotheidealofhumanandrusticlifeinthecountryside

C.isalsousedtoindicatethechangeofsocietystructurebyconcentratinglargenumbersofpeopleincities

D.haschangedwhilechangeshavehappenedinthestructureofsociety

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theconflictbetweenurbanandrurallifehasbeenreflectedindifferentaspectsofourculture.

B.Theidealcommunitywilldisappearwiththescientificandtechnologicadvances.

C.Communitycanonlyexistinthepre-industrialsocietywhenpeoplearelesstaintedbythepursuitofself-interest

D.Theconsequencesofthelossofcommunityforthestabilityofsocietyarewidelyfearedbyeveryone.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀全文分析可知，本文第一段介紹了現(xiàn)代社會中社區(qū)喪失的表現(xiàn)。在第二段中可以定位到“TheIndustrialRevolutionwasbelievedtohavechangednotonlythestructureofsocietybyconcentratinglargenumbersofpeopleincitiesandinfactories,butalsothequalityoftherelationshipsuponwhichasenseofcommunityrested.”，中文翻譯為：人們認(rèn)為，工業(yè)革命不僅通過將大量人口集中在城市和工廠，而且改變了社會結(jié)構(gòu)，而且改變了社區(qū)意識所依賴的關(guān)系的質(zhì)量。后文也寫到了城市工業(yè)化帶來了社區(qū)的崩潰，以及城市和農(nóng)村的矛盾等。綜合考慮下，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞eighteenth-and-nineteenth-centuryRomanticism可定位到文章“Thesejudgmentsweretypifiedbythepessimisticstrandofmucheighteenth-andnineteenth-centuryRomanticism,whichstressedtheunityofmanwithnature,opposedreasonwithsentimentandofferedthoroughgoingcriticismoftheemergingurban,industrialworld.”，中文翻譯為：“這些判斷的典型代表是18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)浪漫主義的悲觀派，強(qiáng)調(diào)人與自然的統(tǒng)一，以情感反對理性，并對新興的城市和工業(yè)世界進(jìn)行徹底的批評?！币约啊癝inceurbanindustrialismhadbroughtabreakdownofcommunityitfollowedthatrealcommunitiescouldnotexistinthenewindustrialcitiesbutonlyinthecountryside.Thevillagethereforecametoberegardedastheidealcommunity.Theromanticassertionoftheunitofmanwithnaturefounditscounterpartinanidyllicviewofrurallifeasconsistingofharmonyandvirtue.”，中文翻譯為：由于城市工業(yè)化帶來了社區(qū)的崩潰，因此，真正的社區(qū)不可能存在于新的工業(yè)城市，而只存在于農(nóng)村。因此，鄉(xiāng)村被認(rèn)為是理想的社區(qū)。人與自然統(tǒng)一的浪漫主張?jiān)谔飯@詩般的鄉(xiāng)村生活中被認(rèn)為是由和諧和美德構(gòu)成的?？赏茢喑鯝項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代工業(yè)破壞了人與自然的和諧關(guān)系”正確。

3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵字emblematic可以定位到文章第一段“Thescientificandtechnologicaladvancesofthenewagewerecontrastedwithman’sspiritualandemotionalimpoverishment,inwhichthelossofcommunitywastakenasemblematic.”，中文翻譯為：新時(shí)代的科技進(jìn)步與人類精神上和情感上的貧乏形成了鮮明的對比，在這種貧窮中，社區(qū)的喪失被視為象征。由語境可知，C項(xiàng)“象征性”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theconceptofcommunity可以定位到文章“Theconceptofcommunitywasusedinordertocometotermswiththisnewformofsociety.”，中文翻譯為：為了適應(yīng)這種新的社會形式，人們使用了社區(qū)的概念，因此D項(xiàng)“社會結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化的時(shí)候，它也已經(jīng)改變了”正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章“Outofthisperceptionthereemergedaverycommonliteraryandculturaltheme,fullyexploredbyRaymondWilliamsintwoofhisbooks,CultureandSocietyandTheCountryandtheCity(Williams,1961,1973).”，中文翻譯為：從這種觀念出發(fā)，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)非常普遍的文學(xué)和文化主題，雷蒙德?烕廉姆斯在他的兩本書《文化和社會》以及《國家和城市》(Williams，1961，1973)中充分探討了這一主題。以及“AsWilliamsshows,itisatraditionthathaspenetratedlargeareasofourculture,includingourliterature,ouraesthetics,ourarchitectureandtownandcountryplanning,andevenoursocialscience.Suchatraditioncontinuestoactasafilterthroughwhichtherealityofurbanandrurallifeisconstantlybeinginterpreted.”，中文翻譯為：正如烕廉斯所表明的那樣，這是一種己經(jīng)滲透到我們文化的很大領(lǐng)域的傳統(tǒng)，包括我們的文學(xué)、美學(xué)、建筑和城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃，甚至我們的社會科學(xué)。這一傳統(tǒng)繼續(xù)充當(dāng)一個(gè)過濾器，通過它不斷解讀城市和農(nóng)村生活的現(xiàn)實(shí)。故答案為A“城市和農(nóng)村生活之間的沖突反映在我們文化的不同方面”。

3.寫作題

Doyouthinkpeopleshouldbuythingsmadeintheirowncountry,evenwhenthepriceishigherthanthesamethingsmadesomewhereelse?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsbasedonthistopic.

【答案】

PeopleShouldChoosetheProductsTheyWouldLiketoBuy4.單選題

Whyinanageoftechnology,shouldsomanypeoplestillclingtoanancientbelief?Inpartitmustbebecauseastrology（占星術(shù)）claimstotellussomethingaboutourselves,andallofusareinterestedinourselves.Ithinkitisbecauseastrologyispresentedasifitwereasciencebyitsmodernpractitioner,andmanypeoplearemisledbythis.

Infact，astrologywasneverascience.Itwasnotahypothesisortheorydevelopedtodescribenaturalphenomena,anduntilfairlyrecenttimes,therewasnoattempttotestorverifyitspredictions.AstrologybeganapproximatelythreethousandyearsagoinBabylonia,itwasappliedtomonarchsandkingdoms,butnottoindividuals.Itspreadinthe6thcenturyBCasFarasIndia,whereitflourishestoday.TheEgyptians,meanwhile,developedtheirownkindofastrology.ButtheastrologynowpracticedinEuropeandAmericaisthatdevelopedbytheGreeks,whosynthesizedtheideasofBabyloniansandEgyptiansandenrichedthemwithconceptsfromtheirownfertileimaginations.TheGreeksbelievedthattheearthwascomposedoffourelements,andtheheavensofaperfectcrystallinematerial.Theplanetsthemselveswerevariouslythoughttobegods,residencesofgods,oratleastmanifestationsofgods.Thegodswereimmortal,butotherwisehadthesameattributesofanger,happiness,jealousy,rageandpleasureaswedo.Nowifwhatthegods'thoughtwascapricious（變化無常的），atleasttheplanetswerepredictableintheirmovements.Becauseourownlotinlifeissounpredictable,itmustbepurelyatthemercyofgods.Butifthegodsaretheplanets,orsomehowassociatedwiththem,thenwehaveonlytolearntherulesofthemotionsoftheplanetstounderstandthewhimsofthegodsandhowtheyshapeourownlives.Sothebeliefdevelopedthateachofourlivesispreordainedbythepreciseconfigurationoftheplanetsintheskyatthetimeofourbirth.

Astrologycouldnot,ofcourse,haveseemedasincredibletotheancientsasitdoestous.Theroleofthesuninfluencingourdailyandyearlylivesisobvious;itwasanaturalextensiontoattributeotherpowerstotheotherplanetsaswell.Itwasn'tuntilthetimeofNewtonthatweunderstoodthatthelawsofNatureapplytothecelestialworldsaswellastotheterrestrialone.Duringantiquity,however,allgreatscholarsbelievedinastrology.

1.Manypeoplearemisledbyastrologybecauseitispresentedbythepractitionersas（

）.

2.Itisimpliedthatastrologyisbasedonthebeliefthat

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthescholarsbeforethetimeofNewton?

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atheorythatcandescribenaturalphenomena

B.amagicalkeytounderstandthemselves

C.anancientbeliefthathadlongbeenappliedtomonarchs

D.amysteriouspowerbeyondtheexplanationofscience

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegods’intentionswerehardtopredict

B.thefateofourliveswereunpredictable

C.thegodsarecloselyrelatedtotheplanets

D.thegodshavethesameattributesaswedo

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someofthemwereconvincedbyastrology.

B.Theydidn'tknowthelawsofNatureapplytoallplanets.

C.Theyplayedimportantrolesinthedevelopmentofastrology.

D.Mostofthemfoundastrologyincredible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tocastdoubtontheoriginofastrology

B.Tocompareastrologywithrealsciences.

C.Topointoutthepopularityofastrology.

D.Tojustifytheincredibilityofastrology.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Ithinkitisbecauseastrologyispresentedasifitwereasciencebyitsmodernpractitioner,andmanypeoplearemisledbythis.這是因?yàn)檎夹切g(shù)被它的現(xiàn)代實(shí)踐者描述為一門科學(xué)，許多人被它誤導(dǎo)了。”據(jù)此可知A項(xiàng)正確。答案A

第2題:推理判斷題。TheGreeksbelievedthattheearthwascomposedoffourelements,andtheheavensofaperfectcrystallinematerial.Theplanetsthemselveswerevariouslythoughttobegods,residencesofgods,oratleastmanifestationsofgods.希臘人相信地球是由四種元素組成的，而天堂是由完美的水晶物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。行星本身被以各種方式認(rèn)為是神，神的住所，或者至少是神的顯現(xiàn)。據(jù)此可知C項(xiàng)“神被認(rèn)為與行星密切相關(guān)”正確。答案C'

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章末尾“Itwasn’tuntilthetimeofNewtonthatweunderstoodthatthelawsofNatureapplytothecelestialworldsaswellastotheterrestrialone.Duringantiquity,however,allgreatscholarsbelievedinastrology.直到牛頓時(shí)代，我們才明白自然法則不僅適用于地球，也適用于天體。然而，在古代，所有偉大的學(xué)者都相信占星術(shù)?！笨芍糯鷮W(xué)者并不知道自然法則適用于所有行星。B項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:主旨大意題。由第一段“Ithinkitisbecauseastrologyispresentedasifitwereasciencebyitsmodernpractitioner,andmanypeoplearemisledbythis.我認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)檎夹切g(shù)被現(xiàn)代的從業(yè)者描述成一門科學(xué)，很多人被誤導(dǎo)了?！奔暗诙巍癐nfact，astrologywasneverascience.事實(shí)上，占星術(shù)從來都不是一門科學(xué)?！笨芍髡哒J(rèn)為占星術(shù)并非科學(xué)，不可信。答案D。本文主要是為了說明占星術(shù)不是科學(xué)，并未將占星術(shù)與真正的科學(xué)進(jìn)行對比，故B項(xiàng)不對。文中對于占星術(shù)發(fā)展來源的敘述只是為了表明占星術(shù)是一種迷信，并不是本文的寫作目的，故A項(xiàng)不對。C項(xiàng)“指出占星術(shù)很受歡迎”并不是本文的寫作目的。

5.單選題

Themagicianpickedoutseveralpeople（）fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byaccident

B.onoccasion

C.atrandom

D.onaverage

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。byaccident“意外的”；onoccasion“有時(shí)”；atrandom“胡亂的、隨便的”；onaverage“平均的”。本句意為“魔術(shù)師隨意的從觀眾中挑選一些人幫助他表演”，atrandom符合句意，因此選C。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Stayinginahotelcosts（）rentingaroominadormitoryforaweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.twicemorethan

B.asmuchtwiceas

C.twiceasmuchas

D.asmuchtwice

【答案】A;C

【解析】考查倍數(shù)的比較級使用。英語中倍數(shù)的常用表達(dá)有三種：1.……倍數(shù)+形容詞（或副詞）的比較級+than表示“比……多……倍”；2.……倍數(shù)+as+形容詞（或much）或副詞+as表示“是……的……倍”；3.……倍數(shù)+thesize（length,height…）of表示“是……的……倍”；B選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)不符合語法規(guī)則，排除。本題A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)都符合語法規(guī)則，但兩者翻譯有區(qū)別。A選項(xiàng)代入原文之后翻譯為：住在旅館比在宿舍租一個(gè)房間一周要貴兩倍；B選項(xiàng)帶入后句意為：住在旅館一周的費(fèi)用是在宿舍租一個(gè)房間一周的兩倍。由于沒有上下文，兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義和語法都正確，都可以選擇。

7.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】efficiency效率，效能，功效；revenue稅收收入，收益；privilege特權(quán)，優(yōu)待；validity有效性，正確性。句意：城市規(guī)劃委員會表示，他們對明年的財(cái)政前景持樂觀態(tài)度。他們期望稅收收入增加。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Thelettersaidthattherewasan______,butIcouldn’tfindwhereitwas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emergency

B.exposure

C.enclosure

D.expenditure

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項(xiàng)emergency“緊急情況，突發(fā)事件”，B項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光，揭露”，C項(xiàng)enclosure“附件，圍墻”，D項(xiàng)expenditure“支出，花費(fèi)”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞letter“信”可知，空格處應(yīng)該表示“附件”。句意：信上說有一個(gè)附件，但我找不到它在哪里。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticeso（

）thatyoucanwalkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.permanently

B.imperceptibly

C.irregular

D.precariously

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)permanently“永久地，長期不變地”；B選項(xiàng)imperceptibly“極細(xì)微地，察覺不到地”；C選項(xiàng)irregularly“不規(guī)則地，不整齊地”；D選項(xiàng)precariously“不安全地，不牢靠地”。根據(jù)句意‘在北極的部分地區(qū)，陸地逐漸變成固定冰，這一點(diǎn)難以覺察。你可以遠(yuǎn)離海岸，卻不知道自己在隱秘的海洋之上?！疊選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Johnwasnotselected（）;hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：John并不是被（）選擇的；他被選來承擔(dān)這份工作是因?yàn)樗麚碛械墓ぷ鹘?jīng)驗(yàn)最豐富。

deliberately故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地，慎重地；alternatively非此即彼，二者擇一地；momentously重大地；arbitrarily隨意地，武斷地。D選項(xiàng)“隨意地”符合句意。

11.單選題

Televisionhasbecomesuchapopularinformationmediumthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alotofmagazinesandnewspapershavegonebroke

B.loadsofmagazinesandnewspaperscannotcompetewell

C.manymagazinesandnewspapersdonotgetreadbyverymanypeopleanymore

D.manymagazinesandnewspapershavelostmostoftheirreaders

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。題干句意為：電視已經(jīng)成為這樣一種受歡迎的信息媒介以至于……。題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此空格處也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對現(xiàn)在的影響。故排除B和C。而A項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙破產(chǎn)了”過于絕對，因此無論從句意還是從時(shí)態(tài)上來說，D項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙失去了大部分讀者”正確。

12.單選題

hedefectinDavid’scharacterhas（

）himfromadvancementinhiscareer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exempted

B.forbidden

C.undermined

D.hindered

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞辨析。exempt“免除”；forbidden“禁止”；undermined“破壞”；hindered“阻礙”。句意為：大衛(wèi)的性格缺陷阻礙了他的事業(yè)發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

13.單選題

Theseproblemsare（）examplesintheefforttoavoidtheinevitableeffectsofshortsightedfiscalplanninginthefuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.representative

B.aberrant

C.insignificant

D.illuminating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)representative“典型的”；B選項(xiàng)aberrant“異常的”；C選項(xiàng)insignificant“無關(guān)緊要的”；D選項(xiàng)illuminating“照亮的，啟蒙的”。句意：這些問題是典型的例子，為了努力避免未來目光短淺的財(cái)政規(guī)劃所帶來不可避免的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

14.單選題

ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone,becauseIknewitmeantanother（）decisiontobemade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.plentiful

C.decent

D.massive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。critical"決定性的,關(guān)鍵性的";plentiful"豐富的,大量的";decent"得體的,令人滿意的";massive"可觀的,巨大的"。句意：在最初的幾個(gè)月里,我害怕聽到電話鈴響,因?yàn)槲抑肋@意味著我要做出一個(gè)重要的決定。plentiful和massive都表示數(shù)量的巨大,而critical表示程度的重要。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

15.單選題

Consequently,thisyoungwomanwouldhave（）curiositybecauseshewaswelldressedandthoughnolongeragirl,shewasnotwearingblack.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.risen

B.aroused

C.caused

D.woken

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)risen“上升；提高”，B選項(xiàng)aroused“喚起”，C選項(xiàng)caused“引起；使遭受”，D選項(xiàng)woken“醒來；喚醒”，“引發(fā)了某人的好奇心”是：ariseone’scuriosity，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。句意為：因此，這個(gè)年輕的女人一定會引起人們的好奇心，因?yàn)樗┲皿w，雖然不再是女孩，但也沒有穿黑衣服。

16.單選題

Mostpeoplewouldbe(31)bythehighqualityofmedicine(32)tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof(33)totheindividual,a(34)amountofadvancedtechnicalequipment,and(35)effortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmust(36)inthecourtsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.

ButtheAmericansareinamess.Theproblemisthewayin(37)healthcareisorganizedandfinanced.(38)topublicbeliefitisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.Totheprivatesystemhasbeenjoinedalargepublicsystem,becauseprivatecarewassimplynot(39)thelessfortunateandtheelderly.

Butevenwiththishugepublicpartofthesystem,whichthisyearwilleatup84.5billiondollars—morethan10percentoftheU.S.Budget—largenumberofAmericansareleft(40).Theseincludeabouthalfthe11millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.

Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontrol(41)thehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices,otherthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.Thenumberofdoctorshasshotupandpriceshaveclimbed.Whenfacedwithtoothache,asickchild,oraheartattack,alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcandois(42)up.

Two-thirdsofthepopulation(43)coveredbymedicalinsurance.Doctorschargeasmuchastheywant(44)thattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill.

TherisingcostofmedicineintheU.S.A.isamongthemostworryingproblemsfacingthecountry.In1981thecountry’shealthbillclimbed15.9percent—abouttwiceasfastasprices(45)general.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compressed

B.impressed

C.obsessed

D.repressed

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.available

B.attainable

C.achievable

D.amenable

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.extension

B.retention

C.attention

D.exertion

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.countless

B.titanic

C.broad

D.vast

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.intensive

B.absorbed

C.intense

D.concentrated

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.runinto

B.encounter

C.face

D.defy

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.when

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.Contrary

B.Opposedto

C.Averse

D.Objected

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.lookingfor

B.lookinginto

C.lookingafter

D.lookingover

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.behind

B.out

C.off

D.away

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.on

C.under

D.beyond

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.topaying

B.paying

C.pay

D.tohavepaid

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.isbeing

B.are

C.havebeen

D.is

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.knowing

B.toknow

C.theyknow

D.know

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.with

C.on

D.for

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)compress“壓縮，壓緊”，指把某物擠在一起或擠進(jìn)一個(gè)更小的空間；B項(xiàng)impress“給……留下深刻印象，使意識到”，beimpressedby表示“被……所感動(dòng)；被……給予深刻印象”；C項(xiàng)obsess“使癡迷，使迷戀”，beobsessedby表示“使煩擾，被（恐懼等）纏住”；D項(xiàng)repress“抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓（叛亂等）”。根據(jù)空格后的thehighqualityofmedicine（高質(zhì)量的藥品），結(jié)合主語為mostpeople（大多數(shù)人）可知，A、D項(xiàng)可排除；結(jié)合常識，大多數(shù)人不可能是被高質(zhì)量藥品所煩擾，所以C項(xiàng)排除，只有B項(xiàng)符合。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

32.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)available“可獲得的，可購得的，可找到的”，B項(xiàng)attainable“可達(dá)到的”，C項(xiàng)achievable“可完成的，可有成就的”，D項(xiàng)amenable“有責(zé)任的，順從的，服從的”。根據(jù)空格后面的to可知，空格處需要填入一個(gè)和to搭配的詞語，B、C項(xiàng)不能和to搭配，因此排除；D項(xiàng)amendableto表示“聽從”，而“藥物不可能是聽從大多數(shù)美國人”，所以D項(xiàng)排除；只有A項(xiàng)符合，availableto表示“可用的，可獲得的”。句意：眾所周知，美國大多數(shù)民眾都服用的高品質(zhì)的醫(yī)藥。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)extension“拓展，延伸”，B項(xiàng)retention“保留，扣留，滯留”，C項(xiàng)attention“注意力，關(guān)心”，D項(xiàng)exertion“發(fā)揮，運(yùn)用，努力”。根據(jù)空格后面的theindividual（個(gè)人），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容可知，填入attention符合，attentionto表示“對……的注意”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

34.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)countless“無數(shù)的，數(shù)不盡的”，B項(xiàng)titanic“巨大的，極重要的”，C項(xiàng)broad“寬的，遼闊的”一般用于表示距離的量度或者表示涉及各種各樣的人（或事物）；D項(xiàng)vast“廣闊的，巨大的，大量的”，指面積、大小、數(shù)量等都非常大。根據(jù)后面的amountof可知，該處表示“大量的”，而能與表述數(shù)量的amount搭配的只有D項(xiàng)，avastamountof表示“大量的”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

35.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)intensive“加強(qiáng)的，集中的”，B項(xiàng)absorbed“被吸收的，一心一意的”，C項(xiàng)intense“很大的，十分強(qiáng)烈的”，D項(xiàng)concentrated“集中的，濃縮的”。根據(jù)所修飾的名詞effort（努力），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知，只有C項(xiàng)符合，表示“很大的努力”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

36.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)runinto“偶然遇見，陷入，撞上”，B項(xiàng)encounter“遭遇（尤指令人不快或困難的事），邂逅，偶然碰到”，C項(xiàng)face“面對，面向”，D項(xiàng)defy“藐視，公然反抗，挑釁”。根據(jù)空格后面的inthecourts（在法院）可知，A、B項(xiàng)可排除；而D項(xiàng)代入進(jìn)去不符合語境，只有C項(xiàng)正確。句意：有很多的專業(yè)化，對個(gè)人大量的關(guān)注，大量的先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備和很大的努力去不犯錯(cuò)誤，即由于財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事情處理不好，醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院必須對峙法庭的錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

37.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查定語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處缺少一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。先行詞是theway，因此關(guān)系代詞可以用that或者inwhich，C、D項(xiàng)排除；而空格前面有介詞in，所以只用能which。句意：問題在于衛(wèi)生保健的組織和籌資方式。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

38.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)contrary“相反的，對立的”，contraryto表示“與……相反”；B項(xiàng)opposedto“反對”；C項(xiàng)averse“反對的，不愿意的”，averseto表示“反對，不樂意”；D項(xiàng)objected“反對，拒絕”。根據(jù)后面的to可知，空格處需要填入一個(gè)和to搭配的詞語，B選項(xiàng)已經(jīng)有to可排除，C、D選項(xiàng)都不可用于句首，故排除。只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意：與公眾的看法相反，它不僅僅是一個(gè)自由競爭的體系。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)lookfor“尋找”，B項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查，觀察，窺視”，C項(xiàng)lookafter“照顧，關(guān)心”，D項(xiàng)lookover“檢查，察看”。根據(jù)privatecare（民營機(jī)構(gòu)）和thelessfortunateandtheelderly（窮人和老人）可知，“照顧”符合邏輯。句意：民營機(jī)構(gòu)不照顧窮人和老人，可見民營體制已經(jīng)融入進(jìn)一個(gè)大型的公共體制。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查固定搭配和上下文語義。A項(xiàng)behind“在……的后面”，leftbehind表示“遺留，留下”；B項(xiàng)out“除去，出局”，leftout表示“忽視，不考慮”；C項(xiàng)off“離開，脫掉，結(jié)束”，leftoff表示“停止，中斷，戒除（習(xí)慣）”D項(xiàng)away“離去，在遠(yuǎn)處”，leftaway表示“離開”。上一句提到“民營機(jī)構(gòu)不照顧窮人和老人”，接著這句就說到“即使有一個(gè)將消耗845億美元，超過美國預(yù)算的10%的龐大的公共系統(tǒng)，仍有大量美國人被______”，由此可知這里應(yīng)該表示“被遺忘，被排除在外”，只有B項(xiàng)符合。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

41.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查介詞辨析。A項(xiàng)over“在……上面，關(guān)于”，B項(xiàng)on“在……之上”，C項(xiàng)under“在……之下”，D項(xiàng)beyond“超過”。由centralcontrol（中央控制）和thehealthsystem（衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)）可知，填入“關(guān)于”符合邏輯。句意：然而，基本問題是關(guān)于衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)沒有中央控制。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

42.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語法。當(dāng)句子的主語部分含有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，而且主語具有“唯一、全部”的概念時(shí)，作表語的不定式可以省略to。這個(gè)句子的主語部分是alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcando，且主語表示“全部”，所以后面跟topayup，to可以省略，C項(xiàng)正確。句意：當(dāng)遇到牙痛、孩子生病或心臟病發(fā)作時(shí)，這些不幸的人所能做的就是付錢。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

43.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查單復(fù)數(shù)。Population是不可數(shù)名詞，但是如果說的是“部分人口”或“大部分人口”等，population做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。這里的主語是Two-thirdsofthepopulation（三分之二的人口），為部分人口，所以謂語動(dòng)詞不能用單數(shù)，A、D項(xiàng)排除。而且這個(gè)句子并沒有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可，B項(xiàng)符合。句意：醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋了三分之二的人口。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子可知，該句子主謂完整，且一個(gè)句子中里不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語，所以空格處是要填入一個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞，C、D項(xiàng)可以排除；B項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的或是將來，放在句中不符合語境，故只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意：醫(yī)生們希望保險(xiǎn)公司能支付醫(yī)藥費(fèi)，所以他們會盡可能多的收費(fèi)。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

45.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)空格后面的general可知，ingeneral固定搭配，表示“通常，總之”。句意：1981年，該國的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用攀升了15.9%，大約是總體價(jià)格上漲速度的兩倍。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

17.單選題

Fortyyearsagonoonewasconcernedaboutthehealthoftheocean,inspiteofthefactthatmanyfisherieswerebeingover-harvested,toxicwasteswerebeingdumpedinthesea,anddeveloperswerebeginningtoseriouslydisruptcoastlines.Inthosedays，themagnitudeoftheproblemswassmall,eventhoughitwasobviousthatifthetrendscontinuedpeoplewouldfacesevereeconomicandpersonalhardshipinthefuture.Peoplejustdidn’tunderstand,nordidtheycare.Unfortunatelymanyofourconcernswererealized,butthesituationcouldhavebeenmuchworse,hadwe,andothers，nottakenactiontoinformpeopleabouttheoceanandtheneedtoprotectit.

Duringourcampaigntosharethewondersoftheseaandalertthepublicabouttheneedtoprotectit,wehaveusedeverymediumavailable—personalappearances,theprintedword,andtelevision.Nowthereisanewmediumthatisevenmoreeffectivethanitspredecessors.ThankstotheInternetandcomputers,peoplecannotonlyreceivelinearstories,buttheycanactuallyparticipateinthem，exploringandlearningattheirownpaceandastheircuriositydictates.Iamtremendouslyimpressedwiththepersonalizationofwhathadbeenlabeledbyskepticsasthemostimpersonalmediumyetdeveloped.

ForthesereasonsIhavemadeamajorcommitmentoftimeandresourcestodiveintothisseaofelectronicmarvels.I’mswimminghardtokeepup,butwhenIlookaroundIfindI’mnotalone.WearealllearningtogetheranditisanadventureIamfindingimmenselyrewarding.Ihavebeenencouragedbyourfirstmodestdunkinginthisnewworld:WerecentlycompletedaCD-ROM,Jean-MichelCousteau’sWorld:CitiesUndertheSea-CoralReefs.AcoupleofmonthsagoIwasinFijitocelebratethe1997InternationalYearoftheReefandpresentedourCitiesundertheSeaCD-ROMtoagroupofchildren.Iwasimpressedtoseehowquicklytheygraspedourconceptsandhowtheydirectedtheirownlearningprocess，thankstotheflexibilityofthemedium.Itwasparticularlyexcitingtoseekidssquealwithdelightastheyrespondedtoquestionsandthecomputerrewardedthemwhentheygotthecorrectanswers.

Iwantyoungpeopletoexperiencethemysteryandwonderofouroceans.Iwantthemtounderstandhowpreciousandvulnerableourenvironmentis.Youngpeopleneedtobetaughttotakeresponsibilityforensuringthattheirheritagewillbeprotectedandusedwisely.Hopefullythenextgenerationwilldoabetterjobthanminehas.IbelieveindividualsmustbepersonallyinvolvedandIamcountingontheInternettobethemediumthroughwhichpeoplecanexperience,learn,andtakeactionIamcountingonyoungpeoplewiththeiridealismandenergytocreateabetterfuture—itistooimportanttobelefttobureaucratsandpoliticians.

1.Fortyyearsagopeoplewereindifferenttothehealthoftheoceanbecause_________.

2.Thelastsentenceofthe2ndparagraphtellsusthatthewriterbelievesthat__________.

3.ThewriterwenttoFijito_________.

4.Thewriter’sattitudetotheprospectoftheoceanis_________.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whoshallwefallbackonforabetterfuturefortheenvironment?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theoceanwasimmunetoanypollutionthen

B.theydidn’tknowwhatwouldcomeofiftheoceanwasdeadlydisrupted

C.therewasnocomputerthen

D.therewasn’tanyproblemwi