考研考博-英語-哈爾濱師范大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱師范大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thefirstsentenceinthisparagraphis（

）;itcanbeinterpretedinmanyways.

問題1選項

A.intricate

B.ambiguous

C.duplicated

D.confused

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這段話的第一句很模糊，可以被理解成很多種意思。Intricate“復雜的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”；duplicated“復制的”；confused“困惑的”。根據(jù)句意，選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

問題1選項

A.Managementofcancerpatients.

B.Reliefoftheworriesofcaregivers.

C.Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving.

D.Emotionalsupportforcancerpatients.

【答案】C

【解析】15.M:DoctorWhite.I’vebeenacancerpatientandacaregiver,toa,cancerpatient.Iknowkayakingwashard.Whatwasgoingonemotionally?Thatseemedsohard.

W:Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干為：這兩個人在討論什么？由文中“Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.（當你做護理時，你承受著長期的壓力。你在為你在乎的人擔心）”，可知C選項“Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving（護理過程中的情感斗爭）”符合原文。A選項“癌癥患者的管理”；B選項“減輕照顧者的憂慮”；D選項“對患者的情感支持”不符合原文。

3.單選題

Youarethe（）personIwanttosee.Whydidyoucometoseeme?

問題1選項

A.very

B.fine

C.last

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項very“恰好的；十足的；唯獨的；真正的”；B選項fine“好的；健康的；晴朗的”；C選項last“最后的；最終的；最不可能的”；D選項suitable“適當?shù)模幌嗯涞摹?。句意：你就是我……要見的人。你為什么來看我？由后面的問句可看出說話者并不想見此人，四個選項中只有l(wèi)ast表示“最不……的”之意，因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

To____forhisunpleasantexperienceshedrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.

問題1選項

A.commence

B.compromise

C.compensate

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配與上下文語義。A選項commence“開始，著手”；B選項compromise“妥協(xié)，和解”；C選項compensate“補償，彌補”；D選項compliment“恭維，稱贊”。句意：為了____他不愉快的經(jīng)歷，他喝多了一點。根據(jù)句意，C選項compensate較符合，空格后的介詞for提示我們，空格處應填compensate，構成短語compensatefor，其他選項均不跟介詞for搭配。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

5.單選題

Doctorsmustinform______parentsaboutthelowoddsofsuccessinfertilitytreatments.

問題1選項

A.protective

B.respective

C.prospective

D.perspective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項protective“防護的；關切保護的；保護貿易的”；B選項respective“分別的，各自的”；C選項prospective“未來的；預期的”；D選項perspective“透視的”。句意：醫(yī)生必須告知準父母生育治療成功的幾率很低。因此C選項正確。

6.問答題

Humanbeingsaresocial(A)animalswhousuallyprefernotliving(B)in(C)physicalorpsychologicalisolation(D).

【答案】試題答案：B;tolive

【解析】考查固定搭配。prefertodosth.意為“更喜歡做某事”。

7.單選題

Ifthework-forcerespectedyou,youwouldn’tneedto（）yourauthoritysooften.

問題1選項

A.affirm

B.restrain

C.assert

D.maintain

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查動詞辨析題。affirm“斷言；肯定”；restrain“抑制”；assert“聲稱；堅持；維護”；maintain“保持”，根據(jù)respected“尊重”可知此處對應的是“維護權威”，表示維護權威或者捍衛(wèi)權威是要用動詞assert，故正確答案為選項C。句意為：如果工人們尊重你，你就不需要總是維護你的權威。

8.單選題

Heis______abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympics.

問題1選項

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.outstanding

D.obvious

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項optimistic“樂觀的”；B選項optional“可選擇的”；C選項outstanding“優(yōu)秀的；重要的”；D選項obvious“明顯的”。句意：他對自己在奧運會上贏得金牌的機率持______態(tài)度。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是對能否贏得金牌的預測，A選項optimistic“樂觀的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（）forawholeweek.

問題1選項

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】句意:她熱衷于重新裝飾這大房子，為此她整整忙活了一周。

考查形容詞辨析。constrained限制的，制約的;dominate（動詞）主宰，主導，keepsb.dominated表示使…居于領先地位;restricted局限的，限制的；occupied有人使用(或居住)，被占領的，被侵占的，keepsb.occupied表示使某人忙于做某事。因此D符合句意。

10.單選題

Thebusinessorganizationhas（）about5milliondollarsforcancerresearchinthepasttwoyears.

問題1選項

A.invested

B.allocated

C.cost

D.forged

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。invested投資；allocated分配、撥出；forged偽造。句意：這個商業(yè)組織在過去兩年中為癌癥研究投入了大約500萬美元。選項A符合句意。

11.單選題

Itisanticipatedthatthiscontractwillsubstantiallyincreasesalesoverthenextthreeyears.

問題1選項

A.apparently

B.slightly

C.considerably

D.steadily

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。substantially“實質上；充分地；大幅地”；A選項apparently“顯然地；似乎，表面上”；B選項slightly“些微地，輕微地”；C選項considerably“相當多地；非常地”；D選項steadily“穩(wěn)定地；穩(wěn)固地”。句意：預計該合同將在未來三年內大幅增加銷售額。根據(jù)句中“increasesales增加銷售額”可知substantially在這里的意思為“大幅地”，因此C選項相當多地正確。

12.單選題

Togovernistochoosehowtherevenueraisedfromtaxesisspent.Sofarsogood,orbad.Butsomepeopleearnmoremoneythanothers.Shouldtheypayproportionatelymoremoneytothegovernmentthanthosewhoearnless?Andiftheydopaymoremoneyaretheyentitledtomoreservicesthanthosewhopaylessorthosewhopaynothingatall?Andshouldthosewhopaynothingatallbecausetheyhavenothinggetanything?Thesemattersareofirritableconcerntoourrulers,andofsomepoignancytotherest.

AlthoughtheequalityofeachcitizenbeforethelawistherockuponwhichtheAmeri-canConstitutionrests,economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.ThefuriousandenduringterrorofCommunisminAmericaisnotentirelytheworkofthoseearlycoldwarriorsTrumanandAcheson.Adislikeofeconomicequalityissomethingdeep-grainedintheAmericanProtestantcharacter.Afterall,givenarichemptycontinentforvigorousEuropeanstoexploit,anymanofgumptioncouldmakehimselfagoodliving.Withextrahardwork,anymancouldmakehimselfafortune,provingthathewasabettermanthantherest.LongbeforeDarwintheAmericanethoswasDarwinian.

ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries;andthislingeringbeliefthatintheheavenanymancanmakeforhimselfthroughhardworkandcleanlivingisakeytothemajority’sprevailingandapparentlyunalterablehatredofthepoor,keptoutofsightathome,outofmindabroad.

Yettherehasbeen,fromthebeginning,asignificantdivisioninourrulingclass.TheearlyThomasJeffersonhadadream:asocietyofhonestveomen,engagedinagriculturalpursuits,withoutlargecities,heavyindustry,banks,militarypretensions.Theearly(andthelate)AlexanderHamiltonwantedindustry,bankscitiesandamilitaryforcecapableofmakingitselffeltinworldpolitics.Itisaniceironythatsomanyoftoday’slaissez-faireconservativesthinkthattheydescendfromHamilton,theproponentofastrongfederalgovernment,andthatsomanyliberalsbelievethemselvestobetheheirsoftheearlyJefferson,whowantedlittlemorethanapoliceforceandajudiciary.Alwayspractical,Jeffersonknewthatcertainmenwouldrisethroughtheirowngoodeffortswhile,sadly,otherswouldfall.GovernmentwoulddonomorethanobservethisDarwinianspectaclebenignly,andprovidenosuccor.

In1800theHamitonianviewwasrejectedbythepeopleandtheirnewPresidentThomasJefferson.Fouryearslater,theHamiltonianviewhadprevailedandwasendorsedbythereelectedJefferson.Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse.ThedifferencebetweenJeffersonIandJeffersonIIisreflectedinthetwoinauguraladdresses.

ItissignificantthatnothingmoreelevatedthangreedchangedtheDr.JekyllofJeffersonIintotheMr.HydeofJeffersonII.Likehislessthoughtfulcountrymen,Jeffersoncouldnotresistadeal.SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.

Inthecourseofland-grabbing,JeffersonIImanagedtogethimselfintohotwaterwithFrance,England,andSpainsimultaneously，afairlyastonishingthingtodoconsideringthestateofpoliticsinNapoleonicEurope.

1.TheauthorbelievesthatAmericans

（

）.

2.Fromthepassage,wemayassumethatthesenatorfromSouthDakota

（

）.

3.Jeffersonmadeitpossiblefor

（

）.

4.Jefferson’searlypoliticalwritingsespousedwhatwouldtodaybecalled

（

）.

5.TheauthorholdsthatJefferson’spurchaseoftheLouisianaterritories（

）.

問題1選項

A.stillbelieveAmericatobelargelyunpopulated

B.largelybelieveinlowertaxation

C.areinfavoroftaxationwithoutrepresentation

D.shouldreconsidertheLouisianapurchase

問題2選項

A.opposedtaxreform

B.wasThomasJefferson

C.failedinhisattempttoreformtaxlaw

D.wasAlexanderHamilton

問題3選項

A.apotentialempiretobecomearealone

B.taxlawstoreflectthewillofthepeople

C.France,England,andSpaintosimultaneouslyvacillateupontheirmutualfeelingstowardstheUnitedStates.

D.Darwiniansocialtheoriestobeacceptedwithoutquestion

問題4選項

A.collectivism

B.libertarianism

C.socialism

D.liberalism

問題5選項

A.maybeseenasahypocriticalact

B.rigorouslyheldwithhispreviousviewsofinalienablerights

C.cannotbeseenasanactofempire-expansion

D.wasanactmeanttolowertaxesandimprovethewealthofthenation

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.觀點態(tài)度題。文章第三段中提到“ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries”，說明在美國人無意識的想象中，他們所處的大陸依然是富饒而空無的。因此A選項“仍然相信美國大部分地區(qū)無人居住”符合題意。

第2題:2.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第二段，文中提到“…economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.”由此可知，美國人的理想中從未包括經(jīng)濟平等，這是政治上一個難以啟齒的話題，而這些是這個參議員在他提出幾項類似平等的稅收改革時發(fā)現(xiàn)的。由此可以推斷，參議員的稅收改革失敗了，C選項符合題意。

第3題:3.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關鍵詞定位到文章第五段，文中提到“Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse”，杰斐遜注意到，一個潛在的帝國已經(jīng)成為一個真正的帝國。A選項符合題意。

第4題:4.判斷推理題。文章第六段中提到“TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.”《獨立宣言》的作者杰斐遜完全忘記了公民的不可剝奪的權利，在著作《獨立宣言》時卻把這一點放在最重要的地位，那就是liberalism“自由主義”。因此D選項符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。由題干定位到文章第六段，“SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence”，杰斐遜推翻了他幫助制定的憲法，從拿破侖那買下了路易斯安那州，忘記了公民不可剝奪的權利······。作者認為這“被看作一種偽善的行為”，A選項符合題意。

13.單選題

Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethateconomistsarewrong.Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.Theyknowbecauseoftheultimatumgame,theoutcomeofwhichisoftentherejectionoffreemoney.

Inthisgame,oneplayerdividesapotofmoneybetweenhimselfandanother.Theotherthenchooseswhethertoaccepttheoffer.Ifherejectsit,neitherplayerbenefits.Anddespitetheinstinctsofclassicaleconomics,astingy(小氣的)offer(onethatislessthanaboutaquarterofthetotal)is,indeed,usuallyrejected.Thequestionis,why?

Oneexplanationoftherejectioniststrategyisthathumanpsychologyisadaptedforrepeatedinteractionsratherthanone-offtrades.Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.Andindeed,whenone-offultimatumgamesareplayedbytrainedeconomists,whoknowallthis,theydotendtoacceptstingyoffersmoreoftenthanotherpeoplewould.Buteventheyhavetheirlimits.Tothrowsomelightonwhythoselimitsexist,TerenceBurnhamofHarvardUniversityrecentlygatheredagroupofstudentsofmicroeconomicsandaskedthemtoplaytheultimatumgame.Allofthestudentsherecruitedweremen.

Dr.Burnham’sresearchbudgetrantoabunchof$40games.Whentherearemanyroundsintheultimatumgame,playerslearntosplitthemoneymoreorlessequally.ButDr.Burnhamwasinterestedinagameofonlyoneround.Inthisgame,whichtheplayersknewinadvancewasfinalandcouldthusnotaffectfutureoutcomes,proposerscouldchooseonlybetweenofferingtheotherplayer$25(i.e.morethanhalfthetotal)or$5.Responderscouldacceptorrejecttheofferasusual.Thoseresultsrecorded,Dr.Burnhamtooksaliva(唾液)samplesfromallthestudentsandcomparedthetestosteronelevelsassessedfromthosesampleswithdecisionsmadeintheone-roundgame.

AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.Fiveofthesevenmenwiththehighesttestosteronelevelsinthestudyrejecteda$5ultimateofferbutonlyoneofthe19othersmadethesamedecision.

WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.Theywouldratheracceptlessthemselvesthanseearivalgetahead.Thatislikelytobeparticularlytrueinindividualswithhightestosteronelevels,sincethathormoneiscorrelatedwithsocialdominanceinmanyspecies.

Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.

1.Accordingtothepassage,psychologistsaredifferentfromeconomistsinthat______.

2.Inthethirdparagraph,thesentence“Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.”meansthat______.

3.TheresultofDr.Burnham’sstudyintheone-roundgameplayersshowsthat______.

4.ThepointDr.Burnhamhasconcludedfromhisstudyisthat______.

5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebehaviorofrejectingalowoffermentionedinthepassage?

問題1選項

A.theythinkanyfinancialgainisworthlessifitcouldnotguaranteetheultimatumgame

B.theyunderstandhoweconomistsarewrongbyprovingtrivialfinancialgaincouldbeignored

C.theybelievethatitisnecessarytorejectsometrivialgainstogetbiggerones

D.theyhaveknownforalongtimethatfromtheperspectiveofpsychology,financialgainsarenotworthpursuing

問題2選項

A.takinganuncompromisingattitudeatthebeginningwilllosemoreinthefutureroundsofthegame

B.peoplewhoarenotsocalculatingatthebeginningwillgetgoodreturnsintheend

C.peoplewhoareselflesswillgetmoreintheend

D.takingatoughlineatthebeginningwillpaymorecostinthefuturegame

問題3選項

A.menwithhightestosteronelevelsareusuallymoremotivatedtorejectbythelowoffer

B.thefacttestosteroneiscloselyconnectedwithsocialdominanceprovespeoplecouldhardlyseearivalgoahead

C.menwithhightestosteronearemorelikelytorejectthetenetsofclassicaleconomics

D.menwithhightestosteronepaymoreattentiontotherelativegains

問題4選項

A.moneyisirrelevantwhenpeopleseekforreproductiveopportunities

B.peopleprefernon-financialwaystofulfilltheirpurposeofgainingsocialstatus

C.whatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity

D.thedefinitionofrationalityisdifferentbetweenthefieldsofeconomicsandpsychology

問題5選項

A.Thiskindofbehaviorisirrationalasmatteroffact.

B.Thiskindofbehaviorpaysmoreattentiontothesocialstatusratherthanmoney.

C.Thiskindofbehaviorcouldbringdesirablereproductiveopportunities.

D.Thiskindofbehaviorisrationalfromalongview.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.（大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟學家——至少是那些持傳統(tǒng)觀點的經(jīng)濟學家——相信任何經(jīng)濟收益，無論多么小，都值得擁有。但心理學家知道這不是真的。），說明心理學家和經(jīng)濟學家的分歧在于心理學家看到的是最終的結果，而經(jīng)濟學家注重的是切實的利潤，心理學家認為并不是所有的小利益都要去追求，可以舍小取大。因此C選項“他們認為有必要拒絕一些小收益以獲得更大的收益”正確。A選項“他們認為任何經(jīng)濟利潤如果不能保證最后獲勝就是沒有用的”，原文沒有說不能保證最后獲勝的經(jīng)濟利潤是沒用的，所以A錯誤。B選項“通過證明小的經(jīng)濟利潤可以被忽略，他們認為經(jīng)濟學家們是錯誤的”，小的經(jīng)濟利潤可以被忽略這一點沒有被證明，所以B錯誤。D選項“他們知道長久以來，從心理學的角度來看，經(jīng)濟利潤是不值得去追求的”，由原文可知，不值得追求的是小收益，而不是經(jīng)濟利潤，所以D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.（在這種情況下，在一開始采取如果是自我犧牲的強硬的路線會在未來的游戲中獲得好處。因此，在一次性游戲中，拒絕吝嗇的報價只是大戰(zhàn)略中的一步棋。），說明如果拒絕吝嗇的出價會是更大策略中的一步，也就是說一開始不要貪得所有的大小利益，而是要有長遠的眼光，這樣才能取得更大的收益。因此D選項“一開始就采取強硬態(tài)度的人在未來的游戲中會付出更多的代價”正確。A選項“從一開始就采取強硬的態(tài)度會在未來幾輪的游戲中失去得更多”，B選項“那些從一開始就不是很計較的人最后可以獲得好的收益”，C選項“無私的人最終會得到更多”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.（正如他在《英國皇家學會學報》上所描述的那樣，拒絕較低最終報價的應答者的睪丸激素水平比接受報價的應答者的平均水平高出50%以上。），說明睪丸激素水平較高的人更注重相對利潤而不是眼前的利益。因此D選項“睪丸激素水平高的人更關注相對收益”正確。A選項“睪丸激素高的人更加有拒絕低報酬的動機”，B選項“睪丸激素和社會優(yōu)勢有著密切的聯(lián)系，這一事實證明了人們很難看到對手領先”，C選項“有較高睪丸激素的人更趨向于拒絕傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟法則”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第一、二句WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.（伯納姆博士的結果所支持的，是對古典經(jīng)濟學原理的更深程度的拒絕，而不是基于談判技巧的輕微錯誤進化。它支持了人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮的觀點。），說明伯納姆博士最終支持的結論是更深的對傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟原則的拒絕，人們真正追求的是相對的財富而不是絕對的財富。因此C選項“人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮”正確。A選項“當人們尋求再生機會時，金錢就是無關緊要的了”，B選項“人們更傾向于用非金錢的方式來實現(xiàn)他們取得社會地位的目標”，原文說的是如果另外一條路可以更為直接地導致這種情形，金錢就是不相關的，所以A,B錯誤。D選項“經(jīng)濟學和心理學對于理性的定義是不一樣的”，原文沒有明確指出理性的定義在兩個學科中是完全不同的，所以D錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.（經(jīng)濟學家經(jīng)常認為這種行動是不理智的。實際上這是理智的，只是不同的理智而已。金錢可以買到的只是達到某個目的的方法而已，如社會地位，達到目的便給人們帶來他們想要的不斷再生的機會。如果有另外一條路可以更為直接地達到目的，金錢就是不相關的。），說明經(jīng)濟學家認為這種行為是不理智的，而實際上是一種理智的行為，心理學家從更高更深的層面來看，金錢只是達到目的的一種手段，而為了達到一定的目的拒絕眼前小的利益是理智的行為。因此D選項“從長遠來看，這種行為是理性的”正確。A選項“這種行為在事實上是不理性的”，B選項“這種行為更注重社會地位而不是金錢”，C選項“這種行為可以帶來期望的再產(chǎn)出機會”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯誤。

14.填空題

Formostpeopletheseawasremote,andfortheexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalonetoask

whatlaybeneaththesurface.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Afortheexceptionof改為withtheexceptionof

【解析】【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】withtheexceptionof為固定搭配，意思為“除了……以外”，fortheexceptionof用法錯誤，因此A部分應為withtheexceptionof。

【句意】除了一些洲際旅行者和以大海為生的人，對于大多數(shù)人來說，大海遠在天邊，沒有什么必要問太多關于大海的問題，更別說思考海底的東西了。

15.寫作題

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsanddoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic:

OnKnowledgeandAbility

【答案】OnKnowledgeandAbility16.單選題

Afterafewdays,exhaustion______andtheclimberswereforcedtogiveuptheirattempttoreachthetopofthemountain.

問題1選項

A.setoff

B.setin

C.setto

D.setout

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。setoff“出發(fā)”；setin“開始，流行”；setto“開始認真干”；setout“開始，成列”。句意：幾天后，疲憊漸漸襲來，爬山者被迫放棄爬到山頂?shù)膰L試。選項B符合題意。

17.單選題

Thesenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservingmanyanimals,whowould（）runtheriskofbecomingextinct.

問題1選項

A.instead

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項instead“代替；反而；相反”；B選項nevertheless“然而，不過”；C選項therefore“因此；所以”；D選項otherwise“否則；另外”。句意：這些國家公園對保護許多動物非常重要，否則這些動物將面臨滅絕的危險。前后部分為轉折關系，因此D項正確。

18.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingbland.Ifyouaddaword,putoninsertionmark(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.(10%)

Example:

When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,

(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs

(2)∕never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.

(3)exhibit

Thetwinsoccuraboutonceineighty-sevenhumanbirths.

Alittlemorethanonequarteroftheseisidenticaltwins,

36.______

whichdevelopsfromtheequaldivisionofafertilizedegg.

37.______

Identicaltwinsarealwaysthesamesexandhavethesame

bloodgroupandeyecolor.Ifonehasagiftofmusic,itis

38.______

notsurprisingifotherdoestoo.However,ifoneisleft-handed,

39.______

theothermayberight-handed.Ifthehairofonegrows

clockwisefromthecrown,theother’shairmaygrow

counterclockwise.Fraternaltwinsdevelopfromtwoseparate

eggsthatwerefertilizedatthesametime.Theycanbeof

40.______

differentsexesandoftenlooknomuchalikethanother

41.______

membersofthesamefamily.Themorebabiesperbirth,

thelessfrequentlysuchbirthsoccur.Tripletsoccurabout

onein7569births,butsextuplets—multiplebirthsoffive—

42.______

occuroneinaboutfivemillionbirths.Multiplebirths

arecommonamonglowanimals,butidenticaloffspring

43.______

israre,exceptforonespeciesofarmadillo.Thefemale

44.______

armadilloalwaysgivesbirthuptoquadruplets.

45.______

【答案】36.is→are

37.develops→develop

38.of→for

39.∧other→the

40.were→are

41.much→more

42.five→six

43.low→lower

44.is→are

45.up→∕

【解析】36.由主語onequarterofthese（四分之一的雙胞胎）可知，此處是分數(shù)引導的短語做主語，其謂語動詞的數(shù)需要根據(jù)分數(shù)后面的名詞來決定，此處的these是復數(shù)，因此be動詞要用復數(shù)are，故改is為are正確。

37.定語從句中的關系代詞which指的是identicaltwins（同卵雙胞胎），所以從句中的動詞要用復數(shù)形式，故改develops為develop正確。

38.gift表示“天賦”，一般與for搭配，故把of改為for正確。

39.這一句是說“如果雙胞胎的其中一個有音樂天賦，那么另外一個有音樂天賦并不奇怪”，表示兩者中的其中一個要用theother，表示特指；other單獨使用表示“其他的”，為形容詞。故在other前面添加定冠詞the正確。

40.這一句的意思是“異卵雙胞胎是由兩個受精卵同時發(fā)育而成的”，為客觀陳述，應該用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以that定語從句中的were要改為are。

41.由than可知，nomorethan為固定用法，表示“不比……更”，故改much為more正確。

42.破折號的內容是解釋sextuplets（六胞胎）一詞，而破折號說的是multiplebirthsoffive（5個胎兒的多胞胎），這明顯與sextuplets不符，故改five為six正確。

43.這一句是說“多胞胎在低等生物中很常見”，而low表示“低的”，低級生物要用loweranimal表示，所以改low為lower正確。

44.offspring是復數(shù)名詞，be動詞應該用are，故改is為are正確。

45.表示“生產(chǎn)”應該是givebirthto，這里的up是多余的，所以把up去掉正確。

19.單選題

Peterknewclearlythathewasnotstrongenoughtoreplacehisboss.Hereasoned,therefore,thathemust（

）histime.

問題1選項

A.hide

B.ride

C.slide

D.bide

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。hide意為“隱藏”；ride意為“乘，騎”；slide意為“滑落”；bide意為“等待，停留”。句意：Peter清楚地知道他不夠強大，不足以取代他的老板。因此，他推斷他必須等待時機。

20.單選題

Itmakesherveryangrywhenhesaysthatmenareintrinsically（）towomen.

問題1選項

A.meticulous

B.applicable

C.superior

D.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。meticulous“一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的”；applicable“可適用的，可應用的”；superior“優(yōu)越，優(yōu)秀”；inferior“差的；自卑的”。句意：當聽到他說男人在本質上優(yōu)于女人這個說法時，她很生氣。選項C符合題意。

21.單選題

Asalawyer（

）forhisgoodjudgmentandeloquence,heisofteninvitedtothosegrandbanquetsandmeetsthosedistinguishedpeoplefromallcircles.

問題1選項

A.noticeable

B.notorious

C.nasty

D.notable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項noticeable“顯而易見的，明顯的”；B選項notorious“臭名昭著的”；C選項nasty“令人厭惡的，骯臟的”；D選項notable“著名的，顯著的，值得注意的”。由goodjudgmentandeloquence（良好的判斷力和口才）可知空格處為一個褒義詞，再根據(jù)句意可知選D。句意：作為一名以良好的判斷力和口才著稱的律師，他經(jīng)常被邀請參加那些盛大的宴會，并結識來自各界的杰出人士。

22.單選題

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（）sightonTV.

問題1選項

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一起慘不忍睹的交通事故發(fā)生了，當在電視上看到這個悲慘的場景時，人們是難過的。

考查形容詞辨析。panic恐慌的，驚慌失措的；patriotic愛國的;pathetic可憐的，令人同情的，悲慘的；periodic周期的，定期的。根據(jù)前半句句意“一起慘不忍睹的交通事故發(fā)生了”可知C正確。

23.單選題

Undertheumbrellaoftheindependentspirit,millionsofimmigrantscametothiscountryseekingshelterfromintolerance,prejudice,and（

）.

問題1選項

A.persistence

B.permanence

C.perspective

D.persecution

【答案】D

【解析】考察名詞辨析。persistence堅持；permanence持久；perspective遠景，觀點；persecution迫害；句意：在獨立精神的庇護下，成千上萬的移民來到這個國家。他們在這里尋求庇護，遠離褊狹、偏見和迫害。選項D符合句意。

24.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious，notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedorfallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhom