人教版高中英語必修5課件-Unit-1課件

Unit1GreatScientistsUnit1GreatScientistsTherearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld.Canyounamesomeofthem?

Whatkindofroledotheyplayinthefieldofscience?Dotheseachievementshaveanythingincommon?Match

theinventionswiththeirinventorsbelowbeforeyouanswerallthesequestions.WarmingupTherearesomegreatscientAlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneLaiteBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativityAlexanderBellWhoishe?Heis…

Archimedes(阿基米德)Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Whoishe?Heis…Archimedes(CharlesDarwin.Whoishe?Heis…

Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin.Whoishe?HeisThomasNewcomen.Whoishe?Heis…

Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen.Whoishe?HeiGregorMendelWhoishe?Heis…

Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendelWhoishe?Heis…MarieCurieWhoishe?Sheis…

Whodiscoveredradium?MarieCurieWhoishe?Sheis…ThomasEdisonWhoishe?Heis…

Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?ThomasEdisonWhoishe?Heis…LeonardodaVinciWhoishe?Heis…

Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LeonardodaVinciWhoishe?HeHumphryDavyWhoishe?Heis…

Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?HumphryDavyWhoishe?Heis…

StephenHawkingWhoishe?Heis…

Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?StephenHawkingWhoishe?HeiDoyouknowhowtoproveanewideainascientificresearch?Discussinsmall groupsthestagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea.Whatorderwouldyou putthemin?Pre-readingDoyouknowhowtoproveanewDrawaconclusionThinkofamethodCollectresultsMakeaquestionFindaproblemAnalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidencePleaseputthe7stagesinrightorderaccordingtothepassage.DrawaconclusionThinkofameGermanyGreatBritainDeathoffirstcholeracaseinLondonduringthe1848-49epidemicLondonPreviouscholeraepidemicinGreatBritainin1831-32ThespreadofcholeraGermanyGreatBritainDeathoff

Lookatthepicture,themapandthetitle andpredictthecontentofthereadingpassage.Thenskimitquicklytoseeifyouareright.Lookatthepicture,themapJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”JohnSnowReadingJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholerSkimmingReadthetext(P2-3)quicklyandcompletethemainideaofit.Thetextismainlyabout___________andhowhe_______________.JohndefeatedcholeraSnowSkimmingReadthetext(P2-3)qToproveanewscientificidea,sevenstagesareneeded.Readthetext(P2-3)carefullyandfillintheblanks.CarefulreadingToproveanewscientificideaStage1FindaproblemAlargenumberofpeoplediedofcholera,butneitherits1._______norits2._____wasunderstood.Stage2Makeaquestion◆Theoryone:Cholera3.___________intheairandfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.◆Theorytwo:Whenpeople4.___________choleraintotheirbodieswithmeals,theirbodieswereattacked.causeabsorbedmultipliedcureStage1FindaproblemAlargenStage3ThinkofamethodBegantogatherinformationto5._______thatthesecondtheorywascorrect.Stage4CollectresultsMarkedwherethedeadpeoplehadlivedona(n)6.______.Stage5AnalysetheresultsLookedintothe7.________ofthewatertoseeiftheproblemwasthewater.mapprovesourceStage3ThinkofamethodBeganBroadStreetManydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Thewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.PublichouseBroadStreetManydeathshappenSmall,white,flocculentparticlesThewaterwasfromtheriverwhichhadbeenpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.Small,white,flocculentpartiStage6FindsupportingevidenceFoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeaths:Bothofthemdiedofcholeraafter8._____________________.Stage7Drawaconclusion◆9._______________carriedthevirus.◆Allthewatersuppliesshouldbe10._________.drinkingthewaterPollutedwaterexaminedextraevidence:Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied.Stage6FindsupportingevidencChoosethebestanswer.WeknowfromthetextthatJohnSnow______.hadcollectedinformationbeforecholerabrokeout B.feltnotquitesureafterhefinishedthemapC.helpedthewomanfromBroadStreetD.becamefamousafterdefeatingcholeraChoosethebestanswer.2.WhydidJohnSnowuseamapinhisresearch?Itcouldhelphimfindexactlyhowmanypeoplediedofcholera.B.Itcouldhelphimfindthesourceofdrinkingwaterforpeople.C.Itcouldhelphimorganizehisideasandfindevidence.D.ItcouldhelphimfindhiswayinBroadStreet.2.WhydidJohnSnowuseamap3.Whywascholeracalled“KingCholera”in

thetext?Becauseitcausedmanydeaths. B.BecauseitgotitsnamefromQueenVictoria.C.BecauseitwasdefeatedwiththehelpoftheKing. D.Becauseitwasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.3.Whywascholeracalled“KinNumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.___JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.___AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.___JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.124Post-readingNumbertheseeventsintheord_____Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.___JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.___KingCholerawasdefeated.___Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.___Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.35678_____HeannouncedthatthewaAnswerthesequestions.JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.Answerthesequestions.JohnSn2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolved

thisproblemwithoutthemap?Giveareason.No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwoul3.Cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?Why?Threediseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARS,AIDSandbirdflu,becausetheyareserious,haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.3.Cholerawasa19thcentury

Drinkonlywaterthatyouhaveboiledortreatedwithchlorineoriodine.Othersafedrinksincludeteaorcoffeemadewithboiledwaterandcarbonated,bottledbeverageswithnoice.Whatshouldyoudoifyou’retravellingtoacountrythathasacholeraoutbreak?GroupDiscussionDrinkonlywaterthatyouWhoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.誰提出了黑洞理論putforward:e.g.putforwardaverygoodsuggestion／plan提出了一個很好的建議／計劃(1)提出（+表示建議,計劃等的名詞）=comeupwithe.g.Yououghttoputyourwatchforwardtenminutes.(2)把...向前撥e.g.Iputmyselfforwardasthemonitor.(3)推薦LanguagepointsWhoputforwardatheoryaboutputaway:putupwith:puton:

putout：關(guān)于put的其它短語：忍受穿上，上演熄滅，撲滅放好.儲存(錢)2.draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論我們得出結(jié)論應(yīng)該再給他一次機會e.g.Wedrewaconclusionthatweshouldgivehimanotherchance.putaway:關(guān)于put的其它短語：忍受穿上，上演熄滅3.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondonsoexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.約翰.斯諾是一位著名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛,以至成為照料維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生.attendv.(１)takegoodcareof照看,照料.e.g.Thedoctorattendedthepatients.醫(yī)生照看病人.3.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndattendschool上學attendalecture聽講座attendchurch去教堂attend(at)awedding

出席婚禮(2)注意,留意.e.g.Shedidn'tattendtowhatIwassaying.她并不注意聽我所說的話。(+to)(3)出席,到場attendschool上學(2)注意,留意4.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但是當他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通百姓時，他就感到很興奮．ThemanseenbyusyesterdayisProfessorSmith.1.exposedtocholera在句子中是過去分詞用作后置定語,表示被動.意為“患霍亂的”.e.g.ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverypopular.4.Buthebecameinspiredwhenexposesth/sbto使…暴露于…；使面臨；使遭受（危險，攻擊等）Keepindoorsanddon’texposeyourskintothesun．e.g.Thosewhowereexposedtobird-fluwereseparated.

beexposedto招致，遭受染上禽流感的人都被隔離了．expose使暴露于;使接觸到exposesth/sbto使…暴露于…；使面臨；Kee6.cure

①vt.治愈，治療／消除(弊病等);糾正e.g.Thedoctorcuredhimofhiscold.curesb.ofsth.治好了某人的…，糾正了某人的…醫(yī)生治好了他的感冒．e.g.Hecuredthechildofbadhabits.他糾正了孩子的壞習慣．②n.治愈;痊愈e.g.There'snoknowncureforAIDS.[(+for)]6.cure①vt.治愈，治療／消除(弊病等);糾正7.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.everytime在這里是連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意為“每次，每當”e.g.EverytimeImeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus.每次見到他，我就想起發(fā)生在我們之間的事情。每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死．7.Somanythousandsofterrifimmediately,themoment,directly,instantly等與everytime一樣，都可以用作連詞引導時間狀語從句，意為“一…..就”。e.g.IwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.我一見到他就把這封信給他。IcamedirectlyIgotyourletter.我一接到你的信就來了。注意:immediately,themoment,direc８.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二種看法是在吃飯的時候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的．①注意此處的suggest表示“暗示，表明”，而非表示建議，此時從句中不需要用虛擬語氣。如：Thedentistsuggested

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿_．牙醫(yī)建議她改天再來。thatshecomeanotherday（她的表情表明她很開心。Herexpressionsuggested＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．thatshewashappy８.Thesecondsuggestedthatpe②absorb…..into吸收e.g.Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization..

這家大公司逐漸將這些小的公司吞并了。absorbv.(1)吸收

e.g.It'stoohardformetoabsorbsomanygoodideasatonce.對我來說很難一下完全吸收這么多好主意。②absorb…..into吸收e.g.Theb老人全神貫注地讀這本書。e.g.Theoldmanwasabsorbedinthebook.Theoldmanabsorbedhimselfinthebook.beabsorbedin=absorboneselfin(2)吸引；使專心；使全神貫注9.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedin10days.在兩條街道上,霍亂流行的特別厲害，在十天之內(nèi)就死去了五百多人。全神貫注于…老人全神貫注地讀這本書。e.g.Theoldman9.severev.(1)strict嚴厲的；苛刻的；嚴格的.e.g.Myfatherwasseverewithme.我的父親對我很嚴厲。beseverewith/on/upon…對…嚴格，嚴厲(2)veryserious劇痛的，劇烈的，嚴重的

考大學的激烈競爭e.g.theseverecompetitionforuniversity9.severev.(1)strict嚴厲的；苛看來霍亂的流行要歸罪于飲水了。(1)be+動詞不定式，可以表示該做或不該做的事情，相當于must,should,oughtto等。e.公園里不允許亂丟紙屑。10.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.e.g.Youarenottodroplitterinthepark.公園里不允許亂丟紙屑?？磥砘魜y的流行要歸罪于飲水了。(1)be+動詞不定式，可以(2)blamevt.①責備,指責(sb)betoblamefor…應(yīng)為…受到責備e.g.Thedriverwastoblamefortheaccident.司機應(yīng)為這次事故承擔責任e.g.Heblamedyoufortheneglectofduty.他責備你怠忽職守。blamesb.forsth./doingsth.因某事責備某人短語：(2)blamevt.①責備,指責(sb)beto②把...歸咎(于)e.g.Theteacherblamedthemistakeonmycarelessness.老師把錯誤歸咎于我的粗心．blamesth.onsb.把…歸咎于某人身上12.handle

①[C]柄,把手e.g.thehandleofthedoor/thecup門／杯子的把手

②vt.對待,處理e.g.Ididn'tknowhowtohandlethesepeople.②把...歸咎(于)e.g.Theteacherb翻譯：這條鐵路把西藏(Tibet)和內(nèi)地(theinlandarea)連起來了．13.linkAtoB把A與B連接；聯(lián)系e.g.Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.指紋證實了嫌疑犯的犯罪事實。被動形式：AbelinkedtoBThisrailwaylinksTibettotheinlandareas.翻譯：13.linkAtoB把A與B連接14.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.有了這個特別的證據(jù)，約翰.斯諾就能夠肯定的宣布，這種被污染的水攜帶病毒。(1)announcevt.宣布,發(fā)布e.g.Theyannouncedthatshewouldgiveoneextrasong.他們宣布說她將再唱一首歌。14.WiththisextraevidenceJannouncerannouncementn.播音員n.宣布,發(fā)布Thevotewascompleted.Thechairmanannouncedtheresult.投票完畢。主席宣布了結(jié)果。announcerannouncementn.播音員n.PastParticiplesas

theAttributiveandPredicativeGrammarPastParticiplesastheAttrib同學們，你們還記得在Book4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour中有這樣三個句子嗎？

Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamilies...2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarming

character...3.Theactingissoconvincingthat...同學們，你們還記得在Book4Unit3A通過觀察，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)第1、2句是動詞-ing形式作定語，且放在被修飾的名詞前面；第3句是動詞-ing形式作表語，放在be動詞的后面。今天我們要學習與動詞-ing形式相對應(yīng)的過去分詞作定語和表語的用法。通過觀察，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)第1、2句是動詞-ing形式作定語，且過去分詞作表語一般用來表示感受或狀態(tài)（系動詞+過去分詞）

Nowonderheisexcited!(predictive)可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,experienced,interested,qualified,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied過去分詞作表語一般用來表示感受或狀態(tài)（系動詞+過去分詞）過去分詞作定語：1.分詞可以用作前置定語，此時，分詞和名詞之間有兩種語意關(guān)系：一種是分詞表示主動（但時間上已經(jīng)過去）；一種是分詞表被動。

Heisaretiredworker.

他是一個退休工人。

Thisisanewly-developeddevice.

這是一個新開發(fā)的工具。2.過去分詞作后置定語時，其功能相當于一個定語從句。過去分詞作定語：HeisaretiredwoPastParticipleastheAttributiveLookatthefollowingsentenceswherethepastparticipleisused.Findtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassageofeachusage.Example:1.Somanythousandsofterrified

peopledied.PastParticipleastheAttribu過去分詞短語有時亦可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號。

Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.他們當中有一些人，生長在農(nóng)村，從未見過火車。

2.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriver

pollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.過去分詞短語有時亦可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號。2.用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，變成所謂的轉(zhuǎn)移形容語。這種過去分詞在形式上直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān)。Thegeneralstaredathiminstartledadmiration.將軍以驚訝而贊賞的眼光注視著他。用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，變成所謂的Attentione.g.WeaskedtwoofChina’smanytalentedjournaliststotellusmoreaboutnew.Iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs.Attentione.g.WeaskedtwoofWhenthepastparticipleisasingleword,wheredoyouput,beforethenounmodifiedorafterit?Whenthepastparticipleisaphrase,wheredoyouput?Whenthepastparticipleisa過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般皆置之于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當于一個定語從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于口語中。過去分詞短語用作定語時，一般皆置之于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意Lookatthedialogueandfindtheuseofthepastparticiple.Lookatthedialogueandfind--IhearyouandJamesareengagedatlast.--Yes,weare.--Whenareyougettingmarried?--Inthespring.--Oh,lovely.Where’stheweddinggoingtobe?--IhearyouandJamesarePastParticipleasthePredicativeExample:

Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople.

Hegotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.

PastParticipleasthePredicaPastParticipleasanattributePastParticipleasthepredicative1.terrifiedpeople2.reservedseats3.pollutedwater4.acrowdedroom5.apleasedwinner1.peoplewhoareterrifiedof2.seatswhicharereserved3.waterthatispolluted4.aroomthatiscrowded5.awinnerwhoispleasedCompletethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.2PastParticipleasanattributPastParticipleasanattributePastParticipleasthepredicative6.childrenwhoareastonishedat/by…7.avasethatisbroken8.adoorthatisclosed9.theaudiencewhoaretiredof…10.ananimalthatistrappedin/by…6.astonished

children7.abrokenvase8.acloseddoor9.thetired

audience10.atrappedanimalPastParticipleasanattribut6.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottles.Theyweremarkedingreenink.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottlesweremarked

ingreenink.7.Wesawmanywindowsinthatroom.Theywereallcracked.

Wesawmanycrackedwindowsinthatroom.6.OnthedoorstepIfounda

1.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps___________fromthelibrary.(borrow)高考鏈接

borrowed2.I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition__________inyesterday’sChinaDaily.(advertise)advertisedPractice 高考鏈接borrowed2.I’mcalling3.Agreatnumberofstudents_________saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.(question)questioned4.InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained________abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.(stick)

stuck3.Agreatnumberofstudents5.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney________inthelibrary.（discover）discovered6.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions_____?(take)taken5.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedt7.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit________onhisownfarm.(grow）grown8.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain_______untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.(seat)seated7.Forbreakfastheonlydrink9.Withthegovernment’said,those______bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.（affect）10.Tomknewhewouldcertainlyget_________ifhewaslatehome.（shoutat）affectedshoutedat9.Withthegovernment’said,11.To

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stiPersuasiveWritingWritingPersuasiveWritingWriting說服性信函

說服性信函指以信件的形式表達自己的觀點或立場，并期待對方認同或接受。在寫作過程中，要以合理的語氣和口吻為基調(diào)，用有說服力的素材來支撐自己的觀點，以說明闡述為主，以理動人，以理服人。說服性信函說服性信函指以信件的形式表達自己的【寫作指導】

我們可以通過以下三個部分來進行寫作：

第一部分：引入。寫信人首先需要簡要說明寫信的主要目的。如果需要的話，也可以大致作個自我介紹。

第二部分：闡述。這是說服性信函的主體和核心部分。寫信人需要在這個部分有條理地列出自己的理由?！緦懽髦笇А?/p>

第三部分：總結(jié)?？梢杂蒙鷦拥恼Z言重申自己的核心觀點，或以情動人、引起共鳴，或升華延伸、畫龍點睛。這部分應(yīng)該注意語言的簡練和沖擊力，切忌冗雜拖拉的表達。 第三部分：總結(jié)?？梢杂蒙鷦拥恼Z言重申自己的核心觀點，或以寫作時應(yīng)注意以下幾點：

1.要注意英文書信的格式，兼顧文化差異，同時要注意避免語法錯誤；

2.第一和第三部分注重簡練，而第二部分作為信函的主體，要注重條理和說服力；

3.要注意提高自己語言表達的層級，嘗試使用較高級別的詞匯、句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。寫作時應(yīng)注意以下幾點