考研英語五年真題

2007年考研英語（一）試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readihefollowingtext.Choosethebestwon/G)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C,andDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadbecomeindependentnations.Theroughly20million_1_ofthesenationslooked_2_tothefuture.BominthecrisisoftheoldregimeandIberianColonialism^manyoftheleadersofindependence_3_theideasofrepresentativegovernment,careers_4_totalent,freedomofcommerceandtrade,the_5_toprivateproperty?andabeliefintheindividualasthebasisofsociety*_6_therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshouldbesovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobeeconomicallyviableandintegratedbya_7_setoflaws.Ontheissueof_8_ofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,_9_,therewaslessagreement_10_theleadership.RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyone_11_bytheSpanishcrown,_12_mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism_13_theofficialreligionofthenewstates*somesoughttoendthe_14_ofotherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurchbecamearallying_15_fortheconservativeforces.Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian?valuingequalityofeverything.BolivarhadreceivedaidfromHaitiandhad_16_inreturntoabolishslaveryintheareasheliberated.By1854slaveryhadbeenabolishedeverywhereexceptSpain's_17_colonies.EarlypromisestoendIndiantributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuch_18_becausethenewnationsstillneededtherevenuesuchpolicies_19_Egalitariansentimentswereoftentemperedbyfearsthatthemassofthepopulationwas_20_self-ruleanddemocracy.[A]natives[B]inhabitants[C]peoples[D]individuals[A]confusedly[B]cheerfully[C]worriedly[D]hopefully[A]shared[B]forgot[C]attained[D]rejected[A]related[B]close[C]open[D]devoted[A]access[B]succession[C]right[D]return[A]Presumably[B]Incidentally[C]Obviously[D]Generally[A]unique[B]common[C]particular[D]typical[A]freedom[B]origin[C]impact[D]reform[A]therefore[B]however[C]indeed[D]moreover[A]with[B]about[C]among[D]by[A]allowed[B]preached[C]granted[D]funded[A]Since[B]If[C]Unless[D]While[A]as[B]for[C]under[D]against[A]spread[B]interference[C]exclusion[D]influence[A]support[B]cry[C]plea[D]wish[A]urged[B]intended[C]expected[D]promised[A]controlling[B]former[C]remaining[D]original[A]slower[B]faster[C]easier[D]tougher[A]created[B]produced[C]contributed[D]preferred[A]puzzledby[B]hostileto[C]pessimisticabout[D]unpreparedforSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts. thequesiionsbeloweachtextbychoos由父A,B,CorO.MarkmswervANSWERSHEET/.(40doinis)Text1[410words]Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006*sWorldCuptournamentyouwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirkelitesoccerlatermonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropeannationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrangephenomenontobeevenmorepronounced.Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Hereareafewguesses：a)certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills,b)winter-bombathestendtohavehigheroxygencapacitywhichincreasessoccerstamina,c)soccermadparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtimeattheannualpeakofsoccermania,d)noneoftheabove.AndersEricsson,a58-year-oldpsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,sayshebelievesstronglyin“noneoftheabove.^^EricssongrewupinSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntilherealizedherealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedtopsychology.Hisfirstexperimentnearlyyearsago,involvedmemory：trainingapersontohearandthenrepeatarandomseriesofnumbers."Withthefirstsubject,afterabout20hoursoftraininghisdigitspanhadrisenfrom7to20,“Ericssonrecalls.<4Hekeptimproving,andafterabout200hoursoftraininghehadrisentoover80numbers.”Thissuccesscoupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfasnotgeneticallydetermined?ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.Inotherwords,whateverinborndifferencestwopeoplemayexhibitintheirabilitiestomemorizethosedifferencesareswampedbyhowwelleachperson“encodes”theinformation.Andthebestwaytolearnhowtoencodeinformationmeaningfully,Ericssondetermined?wasaprocessknownasdeliberatepractice.Deliberatepracticeentailsmorethansimplyrepeatingatask.Rather,itinvolvessettingspecificgoals*obtainingimmediatefeedbackandconcentratingasmuchontechniqueasonoutcome.Ericssonandhiscolleagueshavethustakentostudyingexpertperformersinawiderangeofpursuits,includingsoccer.Theygatherallthedatatheycan,notjustpredominancestatisticsandbiographicaldetailsbutalsotheresultsoftheirownlavatoryexperimentswithhighachievers.Theirworkmakesaratherstartlingassertion：thetraitwecommonlycalltalentishighlyoverrated.Or,putanotherway,expertperformerswhetherinmemoryorsurgery,balletorcomputerprogrammingarenearlyalwaysmade,notbom.Thebirthdayphenomenonfoundamongsoccerplayersismentionedtostresstheimportanceofprofessionaltraining.spotlightthesoccersuperstarsintheWorldCroducethetopicofwhatmalesexpertperformance.explainwhysomesoccerteamsplaybetterthanothers.Theword“mania”(Line4,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeansfun.craze.hysteria.excitement.AccordingtoEricssongoodmemorydependsonmeaningfulprocessingofinformation.resultsfromintuitiveratherthancognitiveexercises.isdeterminedbygeneticratherthanpsychologicalfactors.requiresimmediatefeedbackandahighdegreeofconcentration.Ericssonandhiscolleaguesbelievethattalentisadominatingfactorfbrprofessionalsuccess.biographicaldataprovidethekeytoexcellentperformance.theroleoftalenttendstobeoverlooked.highachieversowetheirsuccessmostlytonurture.Whichofthefollowingproverbsisclosesttothemessagethetexttriestoconvey?"Faithwillmovemountains.^^"Onereapswhatonesows.”"Practicemakesperfect."Likefather?likeson^^Text2[451words]Forthepastseveralyears?theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeaturedacolumncalled“AskMarilyn.^^PeopleareinvitedtoqueryMarilynvosSavant,whoatage10hadtestedatamentallevelofsomeoneabout23yearsold；thatgaveheranIQof228-thehighestscoreeverrecorded.IQtestsaskyoutocompleteverbalandvisualanalogies>toenvisionpaperafterithasbeenfoldedandcut?andtodeducenumericalsequences,amongothersimilartasks.SoitisabitconfusingwhenvosSavantfieldssuchqueriesfromtheaverageJoe(whoseIQis100)as,What'sthedifferencebetweenloveandfondness?Orwhatisthenatureofluckandcoincidence?It'snotobvioushowthecapacitytovisualizeobjectsandtofigureoutnumericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathaveeludedsomeofthebestpoetsandphilosophers.Clearly,intelligenceencompassesmorethanascoreonatest.Justwhatdocsitmeanstobesmart?Howmuchofintelligencecanbespecified,andhowmuchcanwelearnaboutitfromneurology,genetics,computerscienceandotherfields?ThedefiningtermofintelligenceinhumansstillseemstobetheIQscore,eventhoughIQtestsarenotgivenasoftenastheyusedtobe.Thetestcomesprimarilyintwoforms：theStanfbrd-BinetIntelligenceScaleandtheWechslerIntelligenceScales(bothcomeinadultandchildren'sversion)oGenerallycostingseveralhundreddollars,theyareusuallygivenonlybypsychologists,althoughvariationsofthempopulatebookstoresandtheWorldWideWeb.SuperhighscoreslikevosSavant'sarenolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongagepecks,rathertansimplydividingthementalarebythechronologicalageandmultiplyingby100.Otherstandardizedtests,suchastheScholasticAssessmentTest(SAT)andtheGraduateRecordExam(GRE),capturethemainaspectsofIQtests.Suchstandardizedtestsmaynotassessalltheimportantelementsnecessarytosucceedinschoolandinlife,arguesRobertJ.Sternberg.Inhisarticle“HowIntelligentIsIntelligenceTesting?Sternbergnotesthattraditionaltestsbestassessanalyticalandverbalskillsbutfailtomeasurecreativityandpracticalknowledge,componentsalsocriticaltoproblemsolvingandlifesuccess.Moreover,IQtestsdonotnecessarilypredictsowelloncepopulationsorsituationschange.ResearchhasfoundthatIQpredictedleadershipsillswhenthetestsweregivenunderlow-stressconditions,butunderhigh-stressconditions.IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwithleadership-thatisitpredictedtheopposite.AnyonewhobastoiledthroughSATwilltestifythattest-takingskillalsomatters?whetherit'sknowingwhentoguessorwhatquestionsofskip.Whichofthefollowingmayberequiredinanintelligencetest?Answeringphilosophicalquestions.Foldingorcuttingpaperintodifierentshapes.Tellingthedifferencesbetweencertainconcepts.Choosingwordsorgraphssimilartothegivenones.WhatcanbeinferredaboutintelligencetestingfromParagraph3?PeoplenolongeruseIQscoresasanindicatorofintelligence.MoreversionsofIQtestsarenowavailableontheInternet.Thetestcontentsandformatsfbradultsandchildrenmaybedifferent.Scientistshavedefinedtheimportantelementsofhumanintelligence.PeoplenowadayscannolongerachieveIQscoresashighasvosSavant'sbecausethescoresareobtainedthroughdifferentcomputationalprocedures.creativityratherthananalyticalskillsisemphasizednow.vosSavanfscaseisanextremeonethatwillnotrepeat.thedefiningcharacteristicofIQtestshaschanged.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthattestscoresmaynotbereliableindicatorsofone*sabilityIQscoresandSATresultsarehighlycorrelated.testinginvolvesalotofguesswork.traditionaltestsareoutofdate.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsIQtests?Supportive.Skeptical.Impartial.Biased.Text3[421words]Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehasbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealities.Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffectfamilyriskhasrisenaswell.Today'sfamilieshavebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresulttheyhavelosttheparachutetheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback-aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereflecf,couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannotlongerbemadeupwithextraincomefromanotherwise-stay-at-homepartner.Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear.PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasavings-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsfbrpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamilies,thepictureisnotanybetter.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen-andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingsplansarcspreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoesofinvestmentriskfbrfamilies4futurehealthcare.Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent-andalltheattendantneedfbrphysicalandfinancialassistancehavejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective>muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbeforbehind.Today*sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthatthesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared.theirchancesofbeinglaidoiThavegreatlyincreased.theyarcmorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics.theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance.AsaresultofPresidentBush*sreform,retiredpeoplemayhaveahighersenseofsecurity.lesssecuredpayments.lesschancetoinvest.aguaranteedfuture.Accordinggotheauthor,health-savingsplanswillhelpreducethecostofhealthcare.popularizeamongthemiddlepensatefbrthereducedpensions.increasethefamiliesinvestmentrisk.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatfinancialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks.themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenges.financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems.financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?TheMiddleClassontheAlertTheMiddleClassontheCliffTheMiddleClassinConflictTheMiddleClassinRuinsText4[416words]Itneverrainsbutitpours.Justasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccountingandcompliancetroubles,andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance,anewproblemthreatenstoearnthem-especiallyinAmerica-thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingintheexecutivesuite：datainsecurity.Left,untilnow,toodd,low-levelITstafftoputright,andseenasaconcernonlyofdata-richindustriessuchasbanking,telecomsandairtravel?informationprotectionisnowhighontheboss*sagendainbusinessesofeveryvariety.Severalmassiveleakagesofcustomerandemployeedatathisyear-fromorganizationsasdiverseasTimeWarner,theAmericandefensecontractorScienceApplicationsInternationalCorpandeventheUniversityofCalifornia.Bcrkcley-haveleftmanagershurriedlypeeringintotheirintricate11systemsandbusinessprocessesinsearchofpotentialvulnerabilities.“Dataisbecominganassetwhichneedsnobeguardedasmuchasanyotherasset."saysIamMendelsonofStanfordUniversit/sbusinessschool"Theabilityguardcustomerdataisthekeytomarketvalue,whichtheboardisresponsibleforonbehalfofshareholders,,Indeed,justasthereistheconceptofGenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples(GAAP)。perhapsitistimeforGASP.GenerallyAcceptedSecurityPractices,suggestedEliNoamofNewYork'sColumbiaBusinessSchool.^Settingtheproperinvestmentlevelfbrsecurity,redundancy,andrecoveryisamanagementissue?notatechnicalone."hesays.Themysteryisthatthisshouldcomeasasurprisetoanyboss.Surelyitshouldbeobvioustothedimmestexecutivethattrust?thatmostvaluableofeconomicassets,iseasilydestroyedandhugelyexpensivetorestore-andthatfewthingsaremorelikelytodestroytrustthanacompanylettingsensitivepersonaldatagetintothewronghands.Thecurrentstateofaffairsmayhavebeenencouraged-thoughnotjustified-bythelackoflegalpenalty(inAmerica,butnotEurope)fbrdataleakage.UntilCaliforniarecentlypassedalaw.Americanfirmsdidnothavetotellanyone,eventhevictim,whendatawentastray,Ihatmaychangefastlotsofproposeddata-securitylegislationnowdoingtheroundsinWashington.D.C.Meanwhile,thetheftofinformationaboutsome40millioncredit-cardaccountsinAmerica,disclosedonJune17th.overshadowedahugelyimportantdecisionadayearlierbyAmerica'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)thatputscorporateAmericaonnoticethatregulatorswillactiffirmsfailtoprovideadequatedatasecurity.Thestatement：”Itneverrainsbutitpours''isusedtointroducethefiercebusinesscompetition.thefeebleboss-boardrelationsthethreatfromnewsreports.theseverityofdataleakage.AccordingtoParagraph2,someorganizationschecktheirsystemstofindoutwhetherthereisanyweakpoint.whatsortofdatahasbeenstolen.whoisresponsiblefbrtheleakage.howthepotentialspiescanbelocated.InbringinguptheconceptofGASPtheauthorismakingthepointthatshareholdersinterestsshouldbeproperlyattendedrmationprotectionshouldbegivendueattention.businessesshouldenhancetheirlevelofaccountingsecurity.themarketvalueofcustomerdatashouldbeemphasized.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatpuzzlestheauthoristhatsomebossesfailtoseethelinkbetweentrustanddataprotection.perceivethesensitivityofpersonaldata.realizethehighcostofdatarestoration.appreciatetheeconomicvalueoftrust.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that]dataleakageismoresevereinEurope.]FTCsdecisionisessentialtodatasecurity.]Californiatakestheleadinsecuritylegislation.]legalpenaltyisamajorSolomontodataleakage.PartBDirections：Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutwhatparentsaresupposedtodotoguidetheirchildrenintoadulthood.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpartofthetext(41 45)oThefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)SetaGoodExampleforYourKidsBuildYourKid'sWorkSkillsPlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureActivitiesTalkabouttheFutureonaRegularBasisHelpKidsDevelopCopingStrategiesHelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyAreBuildYourKidsSenseofResponsibilityHowCanaParentHelp?Mothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfortheirkids.Evenifajob*sstartingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadult'sneedfbrrapidcontent,thetransitionfromschooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestart-upadultisreadyfbrthemove.Herearcafewmeasures,drawnfrommybookReadyorNot,HereLifeComes,thatparentscantaketopreventwhatIcallt4work-lifeunreadness”。 Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsandweaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyshortcomings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellorcollaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststheykeepcomingbackto,astheseoffercluestothecareersthatwillfitthembest. Kidsneedarangeofauthenticrolemodels-asopposedtomembersoftheirclique,popstarsandvauntedathletes.Haveregulardinner-tablediscussionsaboutpeoplethefamilyknowsandhowtheygotwheretheyare.Discussthejoysanddownsidesofyourowncareerandencourageyourkidstoformsomeideasabouttheirownfuture.Whenaskedwhattheywanttodo,theyshouldbediscouragedfromsaying“Ihavenoidea."Theycanchangetheirminds200times,buthavingonlyafoggyviewofthefutureisoflittlegood. Teachersareresponsiblefbrteachingkidshowtolearn；parentsshoulderesponsiblefbrteachingthemhowtowork.Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesurehomeworkdeadlinesaremet.Encourageteenagerstotakeapart-timejobKidsneedplentyofpracticedelayinggratificationanddeployingeffectiveorganizationalskills,suchasmanagingtimeandsettingpriorities. Payingvideogamesencouragesimmediatecontent.AndhoursofwatchingTVshowswithcannedlaughteronlyteacheskidstoprocessinformationinapassiveway.Atthesametime,listeningthroughearphonestothesamemonotonousbeatsforlongstretchesencourageskidstostayinsidetheirbubbleinsteadofpursuingotherendeavors.Alltheseactivitiescanpreventthegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeitdifficultforkidstodevelopthekindofsustainedconcentrationtheywillneedfbrmostjods. Theyshouldknowhowtodealwithsetbacks,stressesandfeelingsofinadequacy.Theyshouldalsolearnhowtosolveproblemsandresolveconflicts,waystobrainstormandthinkcritically.Discussionsathomecanhelpkidspracticedoingthesethingsandhelpthemapplytheseskillstoeverydaylifesituations.Whataboutthesonordaughterwhoisgrownbutseemstobestrugglingandwanderingaimlesslythroughearlyadulthood?Parentsstillhaveamajorroletoplay,butnowitismoredelicate.Theyhavetobecarefulnottocomeacrossasdisappointedintheirchild.Theyshouldexhibitstronginterestandrespectfbrwhatevercurrentlyintereststheirfledgingadult(asna?veorillconceivedasitmayseem)whilebecomingapartnerinexploringoptionsfbrthefuture.Mostofall,thesenewadultsmustfellthattheyarerespectedandsupportedbyafamilythatappreciatesthem.PartCDirections：ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)ThestudyoflawhasbeenrecognizedfbrcenturiesasabasicintellectualdisciplineinEuropeanuniversities.However,onlyinrecentyearshasitbecomeafeatureofundergraduateprogramsinCanadianuniversities.(46)Traditionally,legallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyersratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.Happily,theolderandmorecontinentalviewoflegaleducationisestablishingitselfinanumberofCanadianuniversitiesandsomehaveevenbeguntoofferundergraduatedegreesinlaw.Ifthestudyoflawisbeginningtoestablishitselfaspartandparcelofageneraleducation,itsaimsandmethodsshouldappealdirectlytojournalismeducators.Lawisadisciplinewhichencouragesresponsiblejudgment.Ontheonehand,itprovidesopportunitiestoanalyzesuchideasasjustice,democracyandfreedom.(47)Ontheother,itlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.Forexample,notionsofevidenceandfact,ofbasicrightsandpublicinterestareatworkintheprocessofjournalisticjudgmentandproductionjustasincourtsoflaw.Sharpeningjudgmentbyabsorbingandreflectingonlawisadesirablecomponentofajoumalisfsintellectualpreparationfbrhisorhercareer.Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenrestsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecial

responsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.Politicsor,morebroadly,thefunctioningofthestate,isamajorsubjectforjournalists.Thebetterinfbnnedtheyarcaboutthewaythestateworks,thebettertheirreportingwillbe.(49)Infact,itisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveaclearprepsofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories.Furthermore,thelegalsystemandtheeventswhichoccurwithinitareprimarysubjectsfbrjournalists.Whilethequalityoflegaljournalismvariesgreatly,thereisanunduerelianceamongstmanyjournalistsoninterpretationssuppliedtothembylawyers.(50)Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestories,itispreferablefbrjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.Thesecanonlycomefromawell-groundedunderstandingofthelegalsystem.SectionIIIWritingPartADirections：Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsfbrimprovingitsservice.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing“instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartBDirections：Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)2008年考研英語（一）試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readfollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachtuimberedblankandmarkAB,CorDonANSWERSHEETL(lODoinis)Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis1tosayitanyway.Heisthat2bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently3anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot4thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.5he,however,mighttrembleatthe6ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly7thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin8areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,912-15pointsabovethe10valueof100,andhavecontributed11totheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe12oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,13heyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,14avepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Thefbnnerhasbeen15socialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionof16ucation.Thelatterwasseenasa(an)17geneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimately18isargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas19emtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis20ateofaffairs.[A]selected[B]prepared[C]obliged[D]pleased[A]unique[B]particular[C]special[D]rare[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against4」A]subsequently[B]presently[C]previously[D]lately[A]Only[B]So[C]Even[D]Hence[A]thought[B]sight[C]cos