小升初英語(yǔ)集訓(xùn)教程

四、形容詞、副詞形容詞.形容詞修飾名詞，說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征，在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等成分。如：Thisisadifficultproblemtosolve.（作定語(yǔ)）Theweatherhereisverypleasant.（作表語(yǔ)）Sheisverypolite.（作表語(yǔ)）.形容詞的位置1）作定語(yǔ)一般位于名詞前。如：Ihaveabusyday.我忙了一天。Chinahasapeacefulenvironment.2）形容詞在修飾someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,nobody,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，需要置于其后。如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.3）多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)的排列順序限定詞（包括冠詞、人稱代詞、指示代詞等）+大小+形狀+性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)+顏色+年齡或新舊+材料或種類+來(lái)源+名詞如：ThereareafewbigroundblacknewwoodenFrenchtablesintheroom.4）某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接，如：thedead,theliving,therich,thepoor,theblind,thehungry等。如:Thepoorarelosinghope.窮人行將失去希望。二、副詞.副詞一般可分為以下幾類：時(shí)間副詞如：now,usually,often,always,sometimes等。地點(diǎn)副詞如：here,there,out,everywhere等。方式副詞如：hard,well,fast,slowly等。程度副詞如：very,much,still,almost等。疑問(wèn)副詞如：how,when,why,where等。連接副詞如：whether,why,when,how等。.形容詞化副詞：.大多數(shù)副詞是用形容詞加后綴一ly構(gòu)成的。Eg:quicklyslowlybravely.以-y結(jié)尾的形容詞，現(xiàn)將y改成i,再加Ty。Eg:happy happilyangry angrily.有些副詞沒(méi)有特殊詞尾。Eg:late,often,here,quite,never,very4）?有些副詞與形容詞形式相同。 Eg:late,early,high,long,fast5）.只有可以分成比較級(jí)的副詞才能有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式。Eg:fast,easily等。像only,really,here,there則不可能有比較級(jí)，因?yàn)樗鼈兪遣豢煞旨?jí)的3.副詞的位置1)、頻度副詞，如always,often,sometimes,usually等通常放在動(dòng)詞之前。但在句子里如果有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則要放在它們之后。如果有系動(dòng)詞be,則要放在其后。Heusuallyhaslunchinthefactory.他通常在工廠吃午飯。Theboyisoftenlateforclass.那個(gè)孩子上課經(jīng)常遲到。2)、enough作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，一般放前；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)放詞之后。Ihaveenoughmoneytobuythebook.我有足夠的錢買下這本書。He,stallenoughtogetthebookdown.他足夠高，可以把書取下來(lái)。3)、”及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”組成的動(dòng)詞詞組有名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，該名詞放在副詞前或后均可，如是代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則要必須將該詞放在副詞前。CanItryontheshoes,please?我可以試穿這鞋嗎？Don,tcutitdown!別把它砍倒！4)、程度副詞一般放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞前面，放在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之后。I'mverysadtohearthat.聽到這個(gè)消息我很難過(guò)。形容詞、副詞等級(jí)變化1)英語(yǔ)中大多數(shù)形容詞、副詞是可以分等級(jí)的，一般有三個(gè)等級(jí)：原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。2).形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化1.規(guī)則變化(1)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成。見下表:情況構(gòu)成方式原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞變y為i再加-er或-estearlyhappyeatlierhappierearliesthappiest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnest.fattest(2)多音節(jié)和大部分雙音節(jié)詞，可以在原級(jí)前加構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)interestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingpopularmorepopularmostinterestingimportantmoreimportantmostimportantbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful2、不規(guī)則變化有兒個(gè)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)屬于不規(guī)則變化。見下表:原級(jí)比較級(jí)最iWj級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfarther,furtherfarthest,furthestoldolder,elderoldest,eldest注意：far—further—furthest（表示程度） far—farther—farthest（表示遠(yuǎn)近）old—older—oldest（表新舊）old—elder—eldest（表兄弟姊妹之間的長(zhǎng)幼）3）.比較級(jí)前的修飾詞：alittle,alot,much,even;far;still形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的用法（-）原級(jí)的用法兩者比較，表示雙方程度相同或不同時(shí)用原級(jí)。相同時(shí)用肯定式“as+原級(jí)+as”句型表示，不同時(shí)用否定式“notas+原級(jí)+as”句型表示。LessonFiveisasdifficultasLessonFour. 第五課和第四課同樣難。LilyisnotascarefulasLinda.莉莉不如琳達(dá)細(xì)心。Icandrawaswellashe.我能畫得和他一樣好。Abirddoesn'tflyasfastasaplane.鳥不能飛得像飛機(jī)那樣快。（二）比較級(jí)的用法將兩方人或事物進(jìn)行比較，表示一方超過(guò)另一方時(shí)，用“比較級(jí)+than+…”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。Twoheadsarebetterthanone.兩人智慧勝一人。Ourclassroomisbiggerthantheirs.我們的教室比他們的大。（三）最高級(jí)的用法表示三者或三者以上的比較，要用最高級(jí)。形容詞最高級(jí)的前面一般要加定冠詞the,副詞最高級(jí)前通常省略定冠詞the,并且在句尾常帶of,in或among等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)明比較的范圍。Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。Thiscoatisthelongestofthethree.這件外套是三件中最長(zhǎng)的。Sheistheyoungestintheclass,她是班里年紀(jì)最小的。Herunsfastestamongthesixboys.他是6個(gè)男孩中跑得最快的。Mothergetsupearliestinmyfamilyeverymorning.每天早上我們家中媽媽起得最早。比較等級(jí)的其他用法1、有形容詞比較級(jí)前有時(shí)可以用much,even,still,alittle,twoyears等表示程度的狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾。Heisfiveyearsolderthanhiswife.他比他的妻子大5歲。2、有很多情況下，說(shuō)話雙方都很清楚地知道所比較的對(duì)象，因此，than的結(jié)構(gòu)常被省略。Areyoufeelingbetternow?你現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)好些了嗎？3、原級(jí)常用來(lái)表示倍數(shù)，“比……多/大幾倍”。Thereddresscostsnearlytwiceasmuchasthegreenone.那條紅裙子比那條綠裙子貴近一倍。4、“themore+形容詞或副詞一，themore+形容詞或副詞…”這一結(jié)構(gòu)譯為“越是 就越……”，表示兩個(gè)過(guò)程按比例同時(shí)增減。Thefaster,thebetter.越快越好。Thebusiershewas,thehappiershefelt,她越忙就越高興。5、形容詞比較級(jí)要避免與自身進(jìn)行比較。要用“比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞”來(lái)表示“比其他的任何……都……”。ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.中國(guó)比亞洲任何別的國(guó)家都大。6、形容詞最高級(jí)有時(shí)放在oneof之后，構(gòu)成“oneof+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的形式。WuhanisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.武漢是中國(guó)最大的城市之一。7、形容詞最高級(jí)前面如果有序數(shù)詞修飾，序數(shù)詞應(yīng)放在定冠詞之后。IsShanghaithesecondlargestcityinChina?上海是中國(guó)的第二大城市嗎？練習(xí)一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwell二）、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1、LiLeiisthestudentinourclass.(tall)2、LucyisthanKate,(fat)3、Whorunstheintheclass?(fast)4、Katedrawsinourclass,(well)5、Mybrotherismuchthanyou.(young)6、Ithinkmycarisasasyours,(nice)7、Thisboxistheofthethree,(heavy)8、LessonOneismuchthanLessonTwo.(easy)9、Ifeelmuch _today.(ill)10>Ithinkmathsisthesubjectofall.(difficult)11、Winteristheseasonoftheyear,(cold)12、Myradioisnotsoashis.(good)13、Iamtootiredtogoany.(far)14、Whoworks ,JackorJohn?(carefully)15、Thisstreetis thanthatone.(narrow)16、Whois ,youorI?(busy)17、Whoisthe 18>Kateisoneof_nurseinthishospital?(busy)the girls,(clever)19>Thereiswaterinthisbottlethaninthatone.(little)20、Whohastheapples,LiLei,JimorBruce?(many)三)、翻譯句子：1、誰(shuí)比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。isthanJim? are.2、誰(shuí)比David更強(qiáng)壯？是GaoShan.thanDavid?GaoShan .3、誰(shuí)的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。pencilis or?is,Ithink.4、誰(shuí)的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。apples,youroryour?My.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。asasyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6,他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。HeasasJim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No,thanhim..YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLingto thanSuYangeveryday..我跳得和Mike一樣遠(yuǎn)。IasasMike..Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的，他和我跑得一樣快。Tom thanyou?No,he Heasas..多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。moreexercise,you'11 soon..我的科學(xué)很好，但是語(yǔ)文不好。IatScience.ButIdon，twellinChinese..你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。youthekitethanWangbing?No,Iitthan ..我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。

Ilike.Allmy thanme..我的姐姐起得比我早。My upthanme..女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。thegirls theboys?Yes,they..她不擅長(zhǎng)體育。但我跳得沒(méi)有她高。Shedoesn，t inPE.ButIdon，t than.你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。you football thanyourclassmates?No,theyasasme..我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。My thanmy .20.她的毛衣和我的?樣重。sweater as as .21.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點(diǎn)的。Mydresstoo.Iwanttoaone.四）、單項(xiàng)選擇題：1、Theroadisnot forthreetruckstorunsidebyside.A.wideenough B.sowideC.toowide D.enoughwide2、Whois ofyouthree?A.theoldest B.mucholderC.oldest D.older3、Theseappleslook .A.nice B.well C.sweetly D.nicely4、Canwedoourworkwith moneyand people?A.less,fewer B.lesser,fewC.few,less D.little,less5、Mondayismy day.A.thebusiest B.busy C.busier D.busiest6、Ourclassroomis brighterthantheirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much7、Igotup today.A.later B.morelatelyC.lately D.late8、Jimdoesn,trunas asLiMing.A.fast B.faster C.fastestD.morefast9、“Howareyourgrandfatherandgrandmother?n“Theyarevery ,thankyou.”A.well B.good C.kind D.dear10>Hisradioistoonoisy.Askhim ,please.A.toturnitdownB.turnitdownC.toturndownitD.turndownit11、Theboyisnottogotoschool.A.enougholdB.oldenoughC.youngerenoughD.enoughyounger12>Winteriscoming.Theweatherwillget.A.warmerandwarmerB.coldandcoldC.coolandcoolD.colderandcolder四.數(shù)詞數(shù)詞包括基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩大類。一、基數(shù)詞1.1—12的基數(shù)詞是獨(dú)立的單詞。即：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelveo2.13—19的基數(shù)詞以-teen結(jié)尾。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13,15,18較特殊，13-thirteen 15-fifteen 18- eighteen20—90的整十位均以-ty結(jié)尾。如：sixty,seventy,但20,30,40,50,80,較特殊，20一twenty30-thirty 40-forty50-fifty80—eighty90-ninety十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符號(hào)“-”。如：28—twenty-eight,96-ninety-six百位和十位（若無(wú)十位則和個(gè)位）之間加and,如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsixohundred（百），thousand（千），million （百萬(wàn)），billion（十億）等前面即使有具體的數(shù)詞，也不能在它們的后面加s。如：600一sixhundred,8百萬(wàn)一eightmillion。1000以上的數(shù)字，從后往前數(shù)每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前為千（thousand）,第二個(gè)逗號(hào)前為百萬(wàn)（million）,第三個(gè)逗號(hào)前為billion（十億）。英語(yǔ)中無(wú)“萬(wàn)”這個(gè)詞，我們可以用“幾十個(gè)千（thousand）”表示幾萬(wàn)，“幾百個(gè)千（thousand）”表示“幾十萬(wàn)”。如：2,510=twothousandfivehundredandten；84,296=eight-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six；274,350=88,065,909= ohundred,thousand,million用復(fù)數(shù)形式修飾名詞時(shí)要用“of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。如：數(shù)以百計(jì)的年輕人hundredsofyoungpeople；數(shù)以千計(jì)的書thousandsofbookso注意：hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其前面不能加具體的數(shù)詞，但可加several或many?；鶖?shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞。如：一個(gè)五歲的男孩afive-year-oldboy；一座800米長(zhǎng)的橋 ；二、序數(shù)詞.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞可利用口訣巧記：“一、二、三，特殊記，八去氣”，九去“e”，“ve”要用“f”替，見“y”變成“i”和%用詞尾加上“th”,若是遇到幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就

可以?！钡谝弧⒌诙?、第三分別：firth,second,third,eight-eighthnine一ninth,five—fifth,twelve——twelfth,twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,twenty-five一twenty一一fifth o.其余情況均在基數(shù)詞后加th。six—sixth,nineteen—nineteenth,hundred一hundredth,thousand—thousandth等。三、數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用1.鐘點(diǎn)的表示：小時(shí)、點(diǎn)鐘、分鐘、秒鐘要用基數(shù)詞。①'幾點(diǎn)鐘”用基數(shù)詞加o'clock。。'clock可省略。如:現(xiàn)在是5點(diǎn)鐘—It'sfive(o,clock).②”幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分，＜30分鐘”用介詞past。如：7：05—fivepastseven；7：15-fifteen(aquarter)pastseven；7：30-halfpastseven。③“差幾分幾點(diǎn)”用介詞“to”。注意：整點(diǎn)加“1”且用60減去目前的分鐘數(shù)。如：7：40-twentytoeight；7：45-fifteen(aquarter)toeighto④日常生活中的時(shí)間讀法常常簡(jiǎn)化，直接按基數(shù)詞的順序讀。如：7：05-sevenofive；7：15-sevenfifteen02.編號(hào)的表示：①LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一?課；②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus3路公共汽車；③表示住所時(shí)不用"No.”如：302房間一Room302(讀作：roomthreeotwo)；④如果編號(hào)的數(shù)詞比較長(zhǎng)，一般用基數(shù)詞。如：Page457第457頁(yè)；⑤電話號(hào)碼，用基數(shù)詞，可單個(gè)讀，重復(fù)的數(shù)字也可讀“double”,如：3855633—threeeightfivefive(doublefive)sixthreethree(doublethree)o.年月日的表示：①年份用基數(shù)詞，先讀前一位或兩位，再讀后兩位。$n：1999—nineteenninety-nine；1900一nineteenhundred；2000一twothousand；1905一nineteenofive；②年用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞。如：1998年6月8日寫作：June8,1998；讀作：Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eight或theeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight。.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)：①分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于“1”，分母則加“s”。如：1/3onethird,2/3twothirds；(2)1/2a(one)half,1/4或a,3/4.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)：一倍用once,兩倍用,兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞+times。如：5倍。四、特殊用法.數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Twomonthsisquitealongtime.Fourandtwoissix.What'stwoandthree?.一個(gè)半小時(shí)(一1年半，一■個(gè)半月可類推)one/anhourandahalfo五、數(shù)詞和冠詞-Arethedrinksordifferent?-They()1. aredifferent.A.sameB.thesameC.some

A.sameB.thesameC.someSueHai'sfatherisengineer,hermotherisdoctor.A.a;theB.an;a C.a;/D.a;aTherearedaysinaweek.Todayisthedayoftheweek.a;ana;aC.an;aa;ana;aC.an;a()4.seventh: seven:seventh;C.sevenD.seven;seventhA.seventhWhat?stheB.i sevennextnumber?30240,3360,420,60,.?A.10B.30c.25D.40()5.LucyandLilyarein .theA.rowssame .B.differentrowC.samerowD.differentrows()6.Youhaveabook,Ihave too.A.aB.itc.oneD.its()7.That's _orangebus.A.theB.ac./D.an()8.There's__"h”intheword"1aave99.A.theB.ac.anD./()9.Thisisstamp.It'iAmericanstamp.A.a;theB.the;anc.an;aD.a;an()10.Billis__boy.Heis__Englishboy.A.a;theB.a;anC.the;anD.an;an()11.Icansee_ theduck.A./B.twoC.threeD.a()12.Heisman.Heisoldman.

五.代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞。1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱，且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語(yǔ)，一般用在動(dòng)詞前（疑問(wèn)句除外）：賓格在句中做賓語(yǔ),多用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，后面一定要跟名詞，表示該名詞是屬于誰(shuí)的。4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如：Thisismybag.=Thisismine.Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.一般看后面有沒(méi)有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無(wú)，就用名詞性物主代詞。請(qǐng)牢記下表：人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱1meweUSmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits練一練：1、按要求寫出相應(yīng)人稱代詞。1（賓格）she（形容詞性物主代詞）we（名詞性物主代詞）he（復(fù)數(shù)）us（單數(shù)）theirs（主格）its（賓格）2、想一想，把下表補(bǔ)充完整。IitwemeyouthemmyHisyourminehers3、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)isJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they)IisMimi.

Thesecakesare.(it)8)Arethese tickets?No, arenot .—aren,there.(they)4、(Shall havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis classroom.(we)_ismyaunt.Doyouknow job? anurse.(she)Whereare ?Ican'tfind .Let'scall parents.(they)Don,ttouch ? notacat, atiger!(it) sisterisill.Pleasegoandget Thegirlbehind isourfriend.(she)代詞部分)1.Itisan day,weareallvery (she)(A.)2.excited, B.exciting, C.exciting,exciting exciting excitedThesebooksare ?Herearein schoolbag.A.my;her B.mine;herC.mine;sheD.my;hers(()3.A.)4.A.Pass somewater,please.we B.us C. ourTheserulersarefor .youand us B.meandsheC. Iand theyD.ID.hisandher(()5.A.)6.A.-Ithinkit's classroom.we B.us C.our Isthere milkinthefridge?—Yes,thereis .any,someB.a,one C.some,anyD.oursD.a,any()7.—GiveTomandAnnsomeapples.Give somebananas,too.((A.)8.A.)9.them B.they C.theirThesecoatslooklike .ours B.our C.usIcan,tsee bananas orangesD.theirsD.weonthetable.A.some,andB.any,or C.any,andD.some,with)10.—Isthispostcard? Yes.It's,It'sfromfriend.A.yours,I,my B.your,mine,myC.yours,mine,my D.yours,my,my)11.areallgoodstudentsinschool.

A.You,IandsheC.You,sheandIB.D.I,sheandyouShe,youandI(()12.Oneof English.A.weare B.weis C.)13. areYoungPioneers.usareD.usis(A.Theyall B.)14.—WhosedressAllthemisthis?c.AlltheyD.Allofthem(A.It'sherB.)15. LetIt'smygoandgivec.thisIt'sminebookto .(A.me;his B.)16. Doyouhaveme;him C.mine;himaredpencil? Yes,Ihave(A.some B.any)17.Thetwogirlsaretwins.C.nonamesareLucyandLily.(A.They B.)18.LookatMike'sThey'retrousers.c.Theirnice.D.Theirs((A.It's B.)19.ThisisLiLei.A.me B.)20.WouldyoulikeThey'reHeis oneofmeat?C.Thereare_myfriends.C.heD.D.Thereis/(A.some B.)21.Sheissinging.anySheistooc.a(A.quiet B.)22.Mydeskishereloud, isc.yourquickdesk?(A.Where B.)23.TheskirtsareThatfor .c.What(A.youandmeB.)24.PutthiswatchyouandIonthedeskC.meandyouandputthatonthefloor.A.it B.one C.ones六.介詞.不能單獨(dú)作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，才能在句子中起作用。有：in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof,from…to???，atthebackof…2、表示時(shí)間的介詞有：at,on,ino(Dat表示“在某一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)上”，或用在固定詞組中。如：atteno'clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend'--2)on表示“在某日或某日的時(shí)間段”。如：onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning***(3)in表示“在某一段時(shí)間(月份、季節(jié))里"。如:intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005…3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配，如：inblue(穿著藍(lán)色的衣服)，inEnglish(用英語(yǔ)表達(dá))，takepartin(參加)。練一練：一、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。What'sthis( at, on, in )English?Christmasis( at, on, in )the25thofDecember.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.Hedoesn,tdo well( at, on,in)PE.Lookatthose birds( on, in)thetree.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.Isthereacat(under,behind,in)thedoor?Helen'swritingpaperis(in,infrontof)hercomputer.Welive(at,on,in)anewhousenow.Doesitoftenrain(at,on,in)springthere?二、圈出下列句子中運(yùn)用不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?Women*sDayisatthethirdofMarch.Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?三.選擇。1.Thankyoui yourcoming.A.toB.ofC.byD.for2.Hespentalongtime_ themathsproblem.A.inB.onC.forD.at3.MrLiisgoingtohelphimhisChinesethisafternoon.A.withB.onC.byD.at4.Howmuchdidyoupay_ thisbook?A.forB.atC.onD.with5.Pleasetranslatethesentence _English.A.intoB.toC.atD.for6.MrLi,shallIwriteink?A.byB.ofC.in D.with7.Canyoufindouttheanswer thesequestions?A.ofB.forC.to D.with8._hishelp,IpassedtheEnglishtestyesterday.A.UnderB.OfC.With D.by9.Don'tforgettobringyourtextbook you.A.inBafterC.with D.to.Thepeoplearewaiting thebus,andtheyatestanding line.A.for/on B.for/in C.at/on D.at/in.CanyousingthissongEnglish?A.with B.in C.by D.for.Whoistheboybluetrousers?A.in B.on C.with D.at.Hedecidedtogetsomemedicinehiscold.A.to B.of C.on D.for.TheplanearrivedatLondonairportWednesday.A.on B.at C.in D.for.WhatdoyouusuallydoChristmas?A.on B.at C.in D.for.MrsBrownwordedinthewestofAustralialastsummer?A./ B.onC.in D.since.Thefirstclassbegins8o'clockthemorning.A.at/onB.at/in C.on/in D.on/on.thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork.A.ForB.OnC.SinceD.AtastSaturday,wehadhadtwofootballmatcheswithClassTwo.A.ForB./ C.By D.DuringWewillbeinNanjingTuesdayThursday.A.on/through B.on/toC.from/toD.on./tillMrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuildingtwodays.A.beforeB.afterC.atD.in22.Ihadanewcard,andIdidn'twriteA.onit.ThereisA.under.HesaidB.itabridgeB.overthathewouldC.inittheriver.C.onmeetus theD.aboveitD.next1cinema.A.in25.ThereisB.atabookstoreC.ontheD.streetincorner.

A.atB.inC.onD.byA.atB.inC.onD.by七.動(dòng)詞一.動(dòng)詞種類be動(dòng)詞、2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、3.助動(dòng)詞、4.行為動(dòng)詞1、be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are,was,were)1)am—was,is-was,are-were我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.一般疑問(wèn)句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren,t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren,t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn,t.be動(dòng)詞的否定形式：amnot(沒(méi)有縮寫形式)，arenot=aren,t,isnot=isn,to用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。一.用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Iaboy.youaboy?No,Inot.ThegirlJack，ssister.Thedogtallandfat.Themanwithbigeyesateacher.yourbrotherintheclassroom?Howyourfather?MikeandLiuTaoatschool.Whosedressthis?Whosesocksthey?WhoI?Thejeansonthedesk.Hereascarfforyou.Heresomesweatersforyou.TheblackglovesforSuYang.ThispairofglovesforYangLing.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.Someteaintheglass.Gaoshan，sshirtoverthere.Mysister，snameNancy.DavidandHelenfromEngland?Thereagirlintheroom.Theresomeapplesonthetree.thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?Theresomebreadontheplate.You,heandIfromChina.Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can>must、should>would>may>could>shallo注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)其否定形式：cannot=can't,mustnot=mustn,t,…注意：maynot和shallnot(無(wú)縮寫形式)練一練：選擇填空。( )1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.must B.can,t C.shouldn，t( )2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.Should( )3)Itmeansyoumakenoiseinthelibrary.A.shouldB..shouldn，tC.Can( )4)—youlikeaglassofmilk?—Yes,please.A.MayB.CouldC.Would( )5)—youseethesignoverthere?—Sorry,Ican,t.A.CanB.Can,tC.Should( )6)wegototheparkbybus?A.MayB.MustC.Shall3、助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did)do,does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其過(guò)去式did用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)。它們通常用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。它們的否定形式：donot=don,t,doesnot=doesn,t,didnot=didn,to注意：在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，does用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其余一律用助動(dòng)詞do；助動(dòng)詞do,does,did后面一定要用動(dòng)詞原形。練一練：1、用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦?dòng)詞填空。youlikethismagazine?Thegirllikebreadforbreakfast.Whatsheattheweekends? Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.WhatyoudolastSunday? 1wrotetomyfriend.DidyouseeaBeijingopera? No,I.HenotvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.Theynotlikeplayingvolleyball. JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday? Yes,heHelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday?Howmanykiteswehave? Wehaveten.2、找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，將序號(hào)填入題前括號(hào)內(nèi)，并改正。( )1)DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?AB C( )2) Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box? Hehasarubber.A B C( )3)Theydoesn'tlikethefilm.ABC( )4)DoJimgetupatsixeveryday?ABC( )5)Don,tgivingtheballtoLiuTao.A BC4、行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞的四種形式：原形、第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es、現(xiàn)在分詞(也叫動(dòng)名詞)+ing、過(guò)去式+ed。(1)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則：A、■—般直接加"s",如:play-plays,visit-visits,speak-speaks；B、以"s","x"，"sh"，"ch"結(jié)尾時(shí)，加“es”，如:catch-catches,watch-watches；C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時(shí)，變“y”為“i”再加“es"，如：carry-carries,study-studies。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞(動(dòng)名詞)構(gòu)成規(guī)則：A、■—般直接加"ing”,如：go-going,do-doing,look-looking；B、以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的單詞，去"e"加"ing”,如：take-taking,make-making,have-having；C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，需要雙寫這個(gè)字母再加“ing”，如：put-putting,stop-stopping,run-running,get-getting,swim-swimming,sit-sitting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting。(3)過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則：A,■—般直接加"ed”,如：plant-planted,visit-visited,pick-picked；B、以不發(fā)音字母"e”結(jié)尾，直接加"ed",如:like-liked,hope-hoped,taste-tasted；C、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾時(shí)，變“y”為“i”再加“ed"，如：try-tried,carry-carried,D、有些動(dòng)詞要雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加"ed",如：stop-stopped；E、還有很多動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是不規(guī)則的，請(qǐng)記憶：am(be)-was-being；are(be)-were-being；be-was,were-beingbecome-became-becoming；begin-began-beginning；bend-bent-bending；blow-blew-blowing；buy-bought-buying；can-could ；catch-caught-catchingchoose-chose-choosing；come-came-coming；cut-cut-cutting；do,does-did-doing；draw-drew-drawing；drink-drank-drinking；eat-ate-eating；feel-felt-feeling；find-found-finding；fly-flew-flying；forget-forgot-forgetting；get-got-getting；give-gave-giving；go-went-going；grow-grew-growing；have,has-had-having；hear-heard-hearing；hurt-hurt-hurtingkeep-kept-keeping；know-knew-knowing；learn-learned,learnt-learning；let-let-letting；lie-lay-lying；make-made-making；may-might ；mean-meant-meaning；meet-met-meeting；must-must ；put-put-putting；read-read-readingride-rode-ridingring-rang-ringing；run-ran-running；say-said-saying；see-saw-seeing；shall-should ；sing-sang-singing；sit-sat-sitting；sleep-slept-sleeping；speak-spoke-speaking；spend-spent-spending。練一練：1、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteachtakesee三.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。putgiveflygetdancesitrunplanttakeswimaskstoptakewritehavesmokethinkwanttell3、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。is\amflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo4、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。ItoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroftentoschoolwithme.Yesterdaywetoschooltogether.Weliketoschoolverymuch.(go)Theyusuallylunchathome.Butlastweek,theylunchatschool.(have)ThatmyEnglishbook.Itnew.Butnowitnothere.Itthereamomentago.(be)Mysisterlikesverymuch.Sheoftenatourschoolfestival.Lastterm,shealotofsongsintheschoolhall.Shebeautifully.(sing)WhatheusuallyonSunday?Heusuallyhishomework.Look!Hehishomeworknow.hehishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he. (do)DopeopleusuallymooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.DidyoumooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.Ialotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)附加：動(dòng)詞不定式練習(xí)一定要記?。簍o后面用動(dòng)詞原形二.用擴(kuò)號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Peoplewouldlike(go)tofarmsinthecountryside.It'stime(have)lunch.Iwant(buy)somepresentsformyfriends.Pleaseshouwmehow(go)totheshoppingcentre.Thethiefbegan(run).Wouldyoulike(join)us?Don'tforget(write)aHappyNewYearv.Shewasveryglad(see)them.I，msorry(hear)that.Pleaseremember(close)thewindowsbeforeyougohome.2、圈出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并改正。Wouldyoulikegocampingwithus?Helen,showuxhowdrawingasquare.Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend.It*stimeforusgotoschool.LiuTaowantstoshowingPeter'sphotostohismum.動(dòng)名詞其實(shí)就是動(dòng)詞的“現(xiàn)在分詞”1、remember+ving,表示“記得做過(guò)某事“；Irememberpostingthelettertoday,remember+todo,表示“記得要去做某事"Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday.2、forget+ving,表示“忘記做過(guò)某事(實(shí)際做過(guò))”；Forget+todo,表示“忘記去做某事(實(shí)際沒(méi)做)”。Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning.Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning.3、stop+ving,表示“停止做某事"；Stopsmoking,please.Stop+todo,表示“停止正在做的事,而去做別的事"。Let'sstoptohavearest.4.like+ving,表示一個(gè)人的愛好和習(xí)慣，意思是“喜歡干某事”；Like+todo=wouldliketodosomething,表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday.Iwouldliketohavesomechips.練一練：1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.2)It'ssunnytoday.Let'sgo (fish).3)Doyoulike(read)Englishinthemorning?4)Areyougoodat (dance)?5)Whereisthe (shop)centre?6)Wouldyouliketogo (jog)withme?7)Myhobbyis(play)football.8)SuHailikes(watch)cartoonsonSundays.2、選擇擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)I'msorry (hearing,tohear)that.2)Jimisgoodat (swimming,toswim).3)Shallwego (skating,toskate)?4)Today,myworkis (looking,tolook)afterthebaby.5)I'mgoing (flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.6)Ilike(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.7)Wouldyoulike (going,togo)totheGreatWall?8)JimisaskingLiuTaohow(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.八.時(shí)態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)A、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，構(gòu)成為：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)+其他。如：Iamastudent.B、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，構(gòu)成有兩種：(1)主語(yǔ)(非第三人稱單數(shù))+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。如：WeoftenwatchTVattheweekends.(2)主語(yǔ)(第三人稱單數(shù))+動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他。如：JimusuallygoestotheparkonSundays.C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon'twatchTVatsixeveryday. DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,theydo./No,theydon,t.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn,twatchTVatsixeveryday.

DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon,twatchTVatsixeveryday. DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,theydo./No,theydon't.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn,twatchTVatsixeveryday.—DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.練一練:A、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2)DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.3)We (notwatch)TVonMonday.4)Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5) they (like)theWorldCup?6)There(be)somewaterinthebottle.7) youriparents (read)newspaperseveryday?8)Mike(like)cooking.9)Youalways_ (do)yourhomeworkwell.10)They_(have)thesamehobby.11)Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.12)LiuTao(do)notlikePE.13)SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.B、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句子，每空一詞。1）Tomlikesplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.（改成否定句）Tomplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.David,sparentsoftentakeawalkaftersupper.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答) David'sparentsoftenawalkaftersupper? No, .TheyusuallywatchTV.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))theyusually .Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作出肯定回答)—alwaysastudent?—,SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)SimonandDanielgoing.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)A、構(gòu)成形式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他。B、判斷依據(jù)：句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。注意：千萬(wàn)不要忘了一定得有be動(dòng)詞。C、句型變換：練一練：A、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Whatyou(do)now?Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They (notwater)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.B、根據(jù)中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1)劉濤的父親正在澆花。LiuTao'sfatheris.2)看，孩子們正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。Look!Thechildrenintheplayground.3)她正在公園里散步嗎？是的。—sheawalkinthepark? Yes,she4)Jack正在哪讀書？在他書房。 Jackthebooknow? Heis.3、一般過(guò)去時(shí)A,構(gòu)成形式：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他。注意：沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，用didn't否定和用did提問(wèn)后，動(dòng)詞一定要用原形。B、判斷依據(jù)：(1)be動(dòng)詞是was、were；(2)動(dòng)詞加ed；(3)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的常用的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：justnow,amoment,yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,lastweekend,lastyear,lastmonth,threedaysago,twoweeksago,fiveyearsago…