-考研閱讀理解真題英語二

_考研閱讀理解真題英語二考研閱讀理解真題英語二1Text1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.Peopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople'scortntlol.Whichisitatstressmarker.Whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,"writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes."itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeingbappicrathomethanatwork,"Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcnandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypcoplcwhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn'tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey'reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it'snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butit'snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey'resupposedtobedoing:working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawane.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey'reteenagers,threatenedpleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they'reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit'snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.AccordingtoParagraph1，mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxationgeneratedmorestressthantheworkplacewasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplaceAccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?[A]Workingmothers[B]Childlesshusbands[C]Childlesswives[D]Working23Theblurringofworkingwomen'srolesreferstothefactthay theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewivestheirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheirofficeTheword"moola"(Line4，Para4)mostprobablymeans [A]energy[B]skills[C]earnings[D]nutritionThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironmentdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cuthouseholdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded考研閱讀理解真題英語二2Text1Whatwouldyoudowith590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84-year-oldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tin-roofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernew-foundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicklywhatwasonceexcitingandnewesold-hat;regretcreepsin.Itisfarbettertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMsDumnandMrNorton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoftenemorevaluablewithtime-asstoriesormemories-particularlyiftheyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangforyourbuck."Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheirmutestowork,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald'srestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectofobsession.Readersof“HappyMoney”areclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpooronesYetthelinkbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworldandscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeopleNoteveryonewillagreewiththeauthorspolicyideaswhichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyersButmostpeoplewilleawayfromthisbookbelievingitwasmoneywellspent。AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?[A]Abighouse[B]Aspecialtour[C]Astylishcar[D]ArichmealTheauthor’sattitudetowardAmericans’watchingTVis[A]critical[B]supportive[C]sympathetic[D]ambiguousMacribismentionedinparagraph3toshowthat[A]consumersaresometimesirrationalpopularityusuallyesafterquality[C]marketingtricksareaftereffective[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasureAccordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders’criticism[B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchasehaspredictedawideregapintheus[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto[A]balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney[B]spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent[D]emorereasonableinspendingonluxuries3Text1Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob，couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate theimpactoftechnologicaladvancesthealleviationofjobpressuretheshrinkageoftextilemillsthedeclineofmiddle-classesAccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto workoncheapsoftwareaskforamoderatesalaryadoptanaveragelifestylecontributesomethinguniqueThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerasedjobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeedfactoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbeforenewjobsandserviceshavebeenofferedAccordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis toacceleratetheI.T.revolutiontoensuremoreeducationforpeopleroadvanceeconomicglobalizationtopassmorebillsinthe21stcenturyWhichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?NewLawTakesEffectTechnologyGoesCheapAverageIsOverRecessionIsBad考研閱讀理解真題英語二4Text1ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart，theresponsehasbeenfavorable，tosaytheleast.“Hooray!Atlast!”wroteAnthonyTommasini，asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise，however，isthatGilbertisparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini，whohadadvocatedGilbert‘sappointmentintheTimes，callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.”AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez，thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise.Formypart，IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure，heperformsanimpressivevarietyofpositions，butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall，oranywhereelse，tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf，orbootupmyputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime，attention，andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic，classicalinstrumentalistsmustpetenotonlywithoperahouses，dancetroupes，theaterpanies，andmuseums，butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingsarecheap，availableeverywhere，andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday‘sliveperformances;moreover，theycanbe“consumed”atatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert‘sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted：AlexRoss，aclassical-m