定語從句在寫作中的應(yīng)用課件

TheAttributiveClause定語從句在寫作中的運(yùn)用

WhatistheAttributiveclause?在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句復(fù)習(xí)

定語從句復(fù)習(xí)Ihaveafriend先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句Thebookthatyouboughtisveryinteresting.定語從句：一個(gè)句子作定語。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞翻譯：….的（翻譯在先行詞的前面）whoisgoodatsinging.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhy關(guān)系詞非限制性定語從句與主句用逗號隔開,不可用that引導(dǎo)且關(guān)系代詞不可以省略，可用which/as代替整個(gè)主句。注意事項(xiàng)：———1.關(guān)系詞分為__________和__________.2.關(guān)系詞作用：____________________________________先行詞成分所用關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)從句代替先行詞充當(dāng)成分who/thatWhom/that/who/可省which/thatthat/which/可省WhosewhereWhenWhy人主人賓物主賓定狀語狀語狀語物人或物地點(diǎn)時(shí)間thereason1.Iknowtheman__________isworkingoverthere.2.Theboy_________________Isawyesterdaylivesinanothertown.3.Theboy___________Johnisspeaking

ismybrother.4.Iknowtheboy______fatherisateacherwho/thatwhose(who/whom/that)withwhom5.Theyplantedthetrees___________didn’tneedmuchwater

6.Thefish___________weboughtwerenotfresh7.Thisisthemountain____________Itoldyou.8.Wearelivinginabuilding_________doorsfacesouth.that/which(that/which)about

whichwhose9.Ilikethehouse________welivenow.10.Iremembertheday_______Chinawasfounded.11.Thisisthereason______Tomwaslate.wherewhenwhy

12.Isawawoman_______bagwasstolen.

13.Thereason______hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.14.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstcametoBeijing.

15.Itisanimportantday________Iwillneverforget.

16.Thepark______theypaidavisittoisbeautiful.whosewhywhenwhichwhich關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別.1.位置:as從句可在主句前或主句后,而which從句只可在主句后.2.意義:as從句常是一些固定結(jié)構(gòu),(如asisknowntoall,asweexpected,aseverybodyknows等,而且譯為”正如….,恰如…”.)

which從句多為對主句的一種評價(jià)看法,或者主從句之間形成一種因果關(guān)系.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。這本書就是我丟的那本。定語從句與并列句的區(qū)別：1.Theoldmanhastwosons.Bothof______aredoctors.2.Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothof______aredoctors.3.Theoldmanhastwosons,bothof______aredoctors.themthemwhom重點(diǎn):介詞+關(guān)系代詞提醒:介詞﹢關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句,關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇.方法一:根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配或先行詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配1.Theman__________youshookhands

justnowisourheadmaster.withwhominwhich2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.當(dāng)遇固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置

Isthisthebook(which/that)youare

lookingfor?

注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞只能用which

或whom;不可用that或who代替1.介詞+關(guān)系代詞=關(guān)系副詞onwhich=wheninwhich

=whereforwhich=why■We’llneverforgettheday________wejointheParty.■Tomlivesinatown________therearemanyculturalevents.■Findingajobasasingerwasthereason_________Imoved.方法二:根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher___________________isafamousdoctor.

2.名詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞thedaughterofwhom=ofwhomthedaughterWehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的兩個(gè)）3.數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)）

twoofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatLastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom5.形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich1.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC

Shewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A綜合練習(xí)2.I，______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD3.Whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB4.Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD7.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.whichB8.Thewatcheswhich_____repairedlastweekhavenotbeensentback.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are

C9.HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_________areouroldfriends.HerearesomeplayersfromJapanandsomeof________areouroldfriends.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.them10.改錯(cuò)：Ihavetwosons,bothofthemenjoyEnglish.非限制性定語從句并列句CDthem改為whomboth前加and強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)與定語從句的區(qū)別：1.

Itwasin1921thatourPartywasfounded.2.

Itwas1921whenourPartywasfounded.3.ItwasatthestreetcornerthatImetLucyyesterday.4.ItwasthestreetcornerwhereImetLucyyesterday.3.Wasitinthispalace________thelastemperordied?A.thatB.inwhichC.inwhereD.which1.Itwasonthefarm______wepractisedplantingcrops.2.Itwasthefarm_______welearnedalot.thatwhere4.Itwasyesterdaywhenwechattedalotonline.(改錯(cuò)）5.ItwasattherethatTomwaskilledyesterday.(改錯(cuò)）Test:thatat(強(qiáng)調(diào)句式)(其他從句)Theyfinishedtheexperimentinthelabthat\whichwassetupbyMrSmith.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有定語從句定語從句———————————————————————ItwasinthelabthatwassetupbyMrSmiththattheyfinishedtheexperiment.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有定語從句

1.Itwasinthesmallhouse

wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather

hespenthischildhood.A.whichthatB.thatwhereC.whichwhichD.thatwhich2.Itwasplayingcomputergames

costtheboyplentyoftime

heoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.thatwhich3.WheredidyoumeetTom?--Itwasatthehotel______hestayed.領(lǐng)會wherethatImetTom.

同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:相同點(diǎn)：從句前都是名詞。不同點(diǎn)：1.同位語從句用以解釋、說明名詞的內(nèi)容定語從句用以修飾、限定名詞或代詞

2.同位語從句中引導(dǎo)詞再從句中不做成分，不可省定語從句中關(guān)系詞替代前面的名詞或代詞，在從句中做成分，做賓語時(shí)可省略。注意3.同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不可省略;

定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷?。

Thenewsthathediedistrue.Thenewsistrue.Thathediedistrue.他死了這個(gè)消息是真的。

Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.他告訴我的這個(gè)消息很振奮人心。

填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語從句還是同位語從句：

1)Thefact____heusedtobeathiefisknowntoall.2)Weweresurprisedbythefact_________shetoldus.3)Thenextthing____mustbedoneistomakeaplan.4)Wordcame____ourarmyhadwonthebattle.5)We'vejustheardawarningontheradio____ahurricaneislikelytocome.that同that/which定that定that同that同改錯(cuò)練習(xí)1ThewatchthatmyfathergaveittomewasmadeinShanghai.2Hewrotealotofnovels,mostofthemwerepopular.

3HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowJapanese.

41949wastheyearwhenmarkedthebeginningofthenewlife.5Thehousewhichwindowsweredamagedhasbeenrepaired.6ItwasthebusstopthatImether.7Thatwasthereasonwhyhegavemeyesterday.whichknowswhichwhosewhereatwhich8.Idon’tlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend.9.Soontheycametoafarmhouse,andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy.10.Weheardthenewswhichourteamwonthegame.11.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable.12Thefactorywhereweworkedtherelastyearwasbuiltin2000.13IoftenthinkofthedayswhenIspentwithhim.14Canyoushowmethebookwhichwerewrittenbyyourfriend?15Iliveintheroomwhosewindowfacesouth.whichfacesthatinitthatwas總結(jié)：1.正確使用關(guān)系代詞（作主語、賓語、定語或表語）和關(guān)系副詞（作狀語）2.先行詞在從句中不能重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。3.注意定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。（看先行詞）4.注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句與定語從句的區(qū)分。5.注意定語從句中介詞+關(guān)系詞用法中介詞的選擇。定語從句之定語從句在作文中的簡單運(yùn)用用定語從句翻譯短語和句子1.一個(gè)叫做Tom的男孩aboywhoiscalledTom

3.教我們英語的老師theteacherwhoteachesusEnglish2.我認(rèn)識一個(gè)叫做Tom的男孩。IknowaboywhoiscalledTom.4.教我英語的老師來自于美國。TheteacherwhoteachesusEnglishcomesfromAmerican

5.昨天我媽媽給我的錢themoneythatmymothergavemeyesterday7.矗立在河邊的樓房Thebuildingwhichstandsbytheriver6.我丟了昨天媽媽給我的錢Ilostthemoneythatmymothergavemeyesterday.8.矗立在河邊的樓房是我們的學(xué)校。Thebuildingwhichstandsbytheriverisourschool.9.那位皮包被偷了的女士thewomanwhosebagwasstolen10.那位皮包被偷了的女士報(bào)了警。Thewomanwhosebagwasstolencalledthepolice.

11.我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子thehappytimewhenweworkedonthefarm12.我們永遠(yuǎn)無法忘記我們在農(nóng)場工作的開心日子。Wewillneverforgetthehappytimewhenweworkedonthefarm13.她工作的工廠thefactorywheresheworks14.我們昨天參觀了她工作的工廠。Wevisitedthefactorywheresheworksyesterday.15.她沒有去學(xué)校的原因thereasonwhyshedidn’tgotoschool16.她沒有去學(xué)校的原因是她病了。Thereasonwhyshedidn’tgotoschoolwasthatshewasill.17.湯姆又遲到了，這使老師很生氣。Tomwaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.18.瑪麗在英語競賽中獲得第一名，這使他父母很高興。MarywonthefirstplaceintheEnglishCompetition,whichmadeherparentsveryhappy.翻譯下列句子1.不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會通過考試的。Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.2.她上周買的房子非常好看。Thehouse,whichsheboughtlastweek,isverynice.3.這就是他爸爸工作的地方。Thisistheplacewherehisfatherworks.4.你們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步，這使老師非常高興.Youhavemadegreatprogress,whichmakesyourteacherveryhappy.5.眾所周知，他是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Asiswell-known,heisagoodstudent.Itiswell-knownthatheisagoodstudent.Whatiswell-knownisthatheisagoodstudent.6.北京是中國的首都，它是一座美麗的城市。Beijing,whichisthecapitalcityofChina,isaverybeautifulcity.7.魯迅的原名(realname)是周樹人。在他的一生中他寫了很多小說和散文（prose)Luxun,whoserealnameisZhouShuren,wrotemanynovelsandprosesinhiswholelife.1我喜歡父親買的書2我母親工作的工廠離我們家不遠(yuǎn)3我救了那只腿壞了的鳥4我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記我們一起度過的日子5警察問他他謀殺那個(gè)人的原因6正在游泳的男