考研考博-英語-南京旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Printmakingisthegenerictermforanumberofprocesses,ofwhichwoodcutandengravingarewoprimeexamples.Printsaremadebypressingasheetofpaper(orothermaterial)againstanim-age-bearingsurfacetowhichinkhasbeenapplied.Whenthepaperisremoved,theimageadherestot,butinreverse.

ThewoodcuthadbeenusedinChinafromthefifthcenturyA.D.forapplyingpatternstotex-tiles.TheprocesswasnotintroducedintoEuropeuntilthefourteenthcentury,firstfortextiledecora-tionandthenforprintingonpaper.Woodcutsarecreatedbyareliefprocess:first,theartisttakesalockofwood,whichhasbeensawedparalleltothegrain,coversitwithawhiteground,andthenrawstheimageinink.Thebackgroundiscarvedaway,leavingthedesignareaslightlyraised.Theoodblockisinked,andtheinkadherestotheraisedimage.Itisthentransferredtodamppaperei-therbyhandorwithaprintingpress.

Engraving,whichgrewoutofthegoldsmith’sart,originatedinGermanyandnorthernItalyintheiddleofthefifteenthcentury.Itisanintaglioprocess(fromItalianintagliare,“tocarve”).Theim-geisincisedintoahighlypolishedmetalplate,usuallycopper,withacuttinginstrument,orburin.Theartistinkstheplateandwipesitcleansothatsomeinkremainsintheincisedgrooves.Anim-pressionismadeondamppaperinaprintingpress,withsufficientpressurebeingappliedsothattheaperpicksuptheink.

Bothwoodcutandengravinghavedistinctivecharacteristics.Engravinglendsitselftosubtlemodelingandshadingthroughtheuseoffinelines.Hatchingandcross-hatchingdeterminethedegreeoflightandshadeinaprint.Woodcutstendtobemorelinear,withsharpercontrastsbetweenlightanddark.Printmakingiswellsuitedtotheproductionofmultipleimages.Asetofmultiplesiscalledanedition.Bothmethodscanyieldseveralhundredgood-qualityprintsbeforetheoriginalblockorplatebeginstoshowsignsofwear.Massproductionofprintsinthesixteenthcenturymadeimagesavailable,atalowercost,toamuchbroaderpublicthanbefore.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“prime”inline2isclosestinmeaningto().

3.Theauthor’spurposeinparagraph2istodescribe().

4.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueaboutengravingEXCEPTthat

it().

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatdowoodcutandengravinghaveincommon?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoriginsoftextiledecoration.

B.Thecharacteristicsofgood-qualityprints.

C.Twotypesofprintmaking.

D.Typesofpaperusedinprintmaking.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.principal

B.complex

C.general

D.recent

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewoodcutsfoundinChinainthefifthcentury

B.theuseofwoodcutsinthetextileindustry

C.theprocessinvolvedincreatingawoodcut

D.theintroductionofwoodcutstoEurope

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.developedfromtheartofthegoldsmiths

B.requiresthatthepaperbecutwithaburin

C.originatedinthefifteenthcentury

D.involvescarvingintoametalplate

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theirdesignsareslightlyraised.

B.Theyachievecontrastthroughhatchingandcross-hatching.

C.TheywerefirstusedinEurope.

D.Theyallowmultiplecopiestobeproducedfromoneoriginal.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開篇指出版畫的制作技法主要有木刻和雕刻兩種方式；接著在第二、三段分別介紹木刻、雕刻的起源、發(fā)展、制作過程；最后一段總說兩種方式的特點(diǎn)。所以，C項(xiàng)Twotypesofprintmaking（兩種版畫制作）正確。

2.第一段指出：Printmakingisthegenerictermforanumberofprocesses,ofwhichwoodcutandengravingaretwoprimeexamples（木刻和雕刻是版畫制作的兩種主要方式）。prime在這里指“主要的”，A項(xiàng)principal“主要的”正確。

3.文章第二段主要講述了木刻的制作過程。C項(xiàng)“制作木刻的過程”準(zhǔn)確地概述了該段主旨。

4.第三段指出：Engraving,whichgrewoutofthegoldsmith’sart，originatedinGermanyandnorthernItalyinthemiddleofthefifteenthcentury（雕刻由金匠藝術(shù)中發(fā)展而來，發(fā)源于15世紀(jì)中期的德國和意大利北部地區(qū)）,所以A、C項(xiàng)正確；Theimageisincisedintoahighlypolishedmetalplate...（圖案刻入到光滑的金屬板內(nèi)），所以D項(xiàng)正確。而B項(xiàng)在原文中沒有體現(xiàn)，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。

5.題干問的是木刻和雕刻的共同點(diǎn)。最后一段指出：Bothmethodscanyieldseveralhundredgood-

qualityprintsbeforetheoriginalblockorplatebeginstoshowsignsofwear（在原始的木塊或金屬板

用壞之前，可以生產(chǎn)數(shù)百張復(fù)制品）。D項(xiàng)符合原文意思，因此正確。

2.單選題

Isthatlovelygirloverthere（

）SusanBlakewhousedtobesofat?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.an

B.a

C.the

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】語法冠詞和代詞的使用。句意：在那邊的那位可愛的女孩是過去一直如此胖的蘇珊?布萊克？由句中“whousedtobesofat過去一直如此胖”可知SusanBlake為特定的某人，所以用表示特指的定冠詞the，C選項(xiàng)正確。不定冠詞a與an及代詞one—般用來表示非特別指代的一個(gè)。

3.翻譯題

美國財(cái)政部長亨利?保爾森昨天以上海為終點(diǎn)結(jié)束了他對亞洲三國的訪問。作為美國總統(tǒng)的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)政策顧問和最主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)發(fā)言人，保爾森昨天上午在上海期貨交易所所發(fā)表的主題講演被認(rèn)為是布什政府對華經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的最新闡述。在昨天的講演中，保爾森多次強(qiáng)調(diào)中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長不僅不具有威脅性，而且對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長有好處。他表示，美國歡迎中國發(fā)展并成為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中的一員。

【答案】HenryPaulson,TreasurySecretary,leftShanghaiyesterday,wherehemadeanendofthevisittothethreecountriesinAsia.AsthechiefeconomicpolicyconsultantandeconomicaffairsspokesmanoftheAmericapresident,PaulsondeliveredakeynoteaddressinShanghaiFuturesExchange.AndtheaddresswasviewedasthelatestexpositionoftheeconomicpoliciesoftheBush-administrationtowardsChina.Duringthespeech,PaulsonrepeatedlyemphasizedthatChina’seconomicgrowthhasbenefitbutnothreattotheglobaleconomicgrowth.HedeclaredthatAmericawelcomesthedevelopmentofChinatobecomeamemberoftheglobaleconomy.

【解析】

4.單選題

Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy（）tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquaintance

B.accuracy

C.access

D.acquisition

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。acquaintance“熟人；相識(shí)；了解”；accuracy“準(zhǔn)確性”；access“進(jìn)入；通道；有使用權(quán)”，與介詞to搭配；acquisition“獲得物，獲得”。句意：這套系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的目的是為了讓學(xué)生能快速并且容易使用圖書館資源。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Idon’tunderstandwhatyou’regettingsoworkedupaboutit.It’sreallynotaproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unconcerned

B.concerned

C.angry

D.happy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)unconcerned“不關(guān)心的；無關(guān)的；無憂慮的”；B選項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān)的；關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)angry“生氣的；憤怒的；狂暴的；（傷口等）發(fā)炎的”；D選項(xiàng)happy“幸福的；高興的；巧妙的”。句意：我不明白你為什么這么生氣。這真的不是問題。本句關(guān)鍵詞workedup表示“激動(dòng)的，生氣的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中C選項(xiàng)最合適，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Itwasthelargestexperimentwehaveeverhad;it（）sixhours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ended

B.finished

C.was

D.lasted

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我們做過的最大的實(shí)驗(yàn)。此實(shí)驗(yàn)持續(xù)6小時(shí)。結(jié)合此處語境，D為正確答案。

7.翻譯題

Sincethedawnofhumanity,theskyandstarshavestimulatedourimaginationandcuriosity.(1)Asourunderstandingaboutouterspaceincreases.sodoesourpassionanddrivetoexplorebeyondthereachesofourownplanetandtoutilizespacetounderstandourownplanet.Justascommunicationssatelliteshaveemergedasanimportantpartofourtelecommunicationnetworks,ourdailylivesareenhancedgreatlybyservicessuchasweatherforecasting,GPS,satelliteimagery,andotherapplications.Justahalf-centuryafterthelaunchoftheSputnik,spaceinfrastructurehasbecomecentraltothewaywelive,workandplay.Thebudgetandrevenueofspaceactivitiesreached257billiondollarsin2008.(2)Moreandmorecountriesarepayingattentiontospaceandjoininginthespaceendeavor.Ithasbeenthehottopicforusallonhowtodevelopspacetechnologyinanefficientandsustainablefashionandhowtofurthertheglobalcooperationonspacedevelopment.

Ithasbeen50splendidyearssinceChinaembarkedontheroadtodevelopitsspaceindustry,startingin1956.Forhalfacentury,Chinahasworkedindependentlyinthisfield.(3)Chinahasmadeeye-catchingachievements,andranksamongtheworld’smostadvancedcountriesinsomeimportantfieldsofspacetechnology.Chinaisunflinchingintakingtheroadofpeacefuldevelopment,andalwaysmaintainsthatouterspaceisthecommonwealthofmankind.Whilesupportingallactivitiesthatutilizeouterspaceforpeacefulpurposes,Chinaactivelyexploresandusesouterspaceandistryingtomakenewcontributionstothedevelopmentofman’sspaceprograms.

China’sspaceprogramattachesgreatimportancetobetterservingtheneedsofsocialandeconomicdevelopment,throughactivitiesconcerningspacesystems,spacetechnologyapplicationsandspaceservices.China’sspaceenterprisesarefulfillingtheirsocialresponsibilityandprovidingcontinuoustechnicalsupporttosuchfieldsofthenationaleconomyassatellitecommunications,disastermonitoring,earthquakerescueandrelief,meteorologicalandoceanmonitoring,landsurvey,forestryandagriculture.Takingadvantageofcreativityandadvancedtechnologies,China’sspaceindustryisdevelopingITproducts,newenergy,newmaterials,environmentalprotectiontechnologiesandmodernindustrialequipment.(4)Usingspacetechnology.Chinaupgradesconventionalindustriesandrealizestheeffectiveintegrationoflowresourceandenergyconsumption,low-emissionandhigheconomyefficiencywhichisconductivetobuildingaresource-saving,environment-friendlyandharmonious-developingsociety.Chinahaslongbeenactiveininternationalspacecooperation.Chinesespacetechnologyhasalsobenefitedpeopleofothercountriesthroughsharingandfreedistributionofsatellitedataandcommercialcooperation.

Aseveryoneknows,highinputandhighriskarefeaturesofspaceprograms.(5)Facingtheglobaleconomicrecession,thespacecommunityisundermorepressurethanbefore.Enhancingexchangeandcooperationmightbethebestwaytoawin-winsituation.GlobalSpaceDevelopmentSummitoffersatop-levelforumforpeoplefromgovernments,researchinstitutes,companiesandrelevantagenciestoexchangetheirviewsatpolicyandacademiclevels,thusimprovingmutualunderstandingandcreatingafavorableatmosphereforinternationalspacecooperation.

【答案】（1）隨著我們對外層空間理解的加深。我們探索地球以外的地方，利用太空來了解我們的星球的熱情和動(dòng)力也是如此。

（2）越來越多的國家開始關(guān)注和參與太空事業(yè)。如何以有效和可持續(xù)的方式發(fā)展空間技術(shù)以及如何促進(jìn)空間發(fā)展方面的全球合作，一直是我們大家的熱門話題。

（3）中國在一些重要的空間技術(shù)領(lǐng)域取得了舉世矚目的成就，已躋身世界先進(jìn)行列。

（4）使用空間技術(shù)。中國升級傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)低資源能耗、低排放、高效益的有效融合，有利于建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型、和諧發(fā)展的社會(huì)。

（5）面對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，航天界面臨著前所未有的壓力。加強(qiáng)交流合作才是實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏的最佳途徑。

8.單選題

Amembershipcard（

）theholdertousetheclub'sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.approves

B.authorizes

C.rectifies

D.endows

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)approve“批準(zhǔn)；贊成；為……提供證據(jù)”；B選項(xiàng)authorize“批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可；授權(quán)給”；C選項(xiàng)rectify“改正；精餾”；D選項(xiàng)endow“賦予；捐贈(zèng)；天生具有”。句意：持有會(huì)員卡的人……在12個(gè)月內(nèi)使用俱樂部的設(shè)施。有會(huì)員卡的人自然是“被授權(quán)”使用俱樂部設(shè)施，B選項(xiàng)正有authorizesb.to“授權(quán)某人做……”這一用法。

9.單選題

Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,______theatmosphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitis

B.thesameis

C.sois

D.andequallyis

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：正如土壤是地球的一部分一樣，大氣也是地球的一部分。So+助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞等+另一個(gè)主語B，說明主語B和主句的主語具有同樣的性質(zhì)，在句中大氣和土壤具有同樣的性質(zhì)，即都屬于地球的一部分，C選項(xiàng)sois符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)asitis“事實(shí)上”；B選項(xiàng)thesameis“相同的是”，放進(jìn)題目構(gòu)成兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，語法錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)andequallyis中equally是副詞，不能充當(dāng)主語。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Theyarewell（）witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedatthesameuniversity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.identified

B.recognized

C.acquainted

D.acknowledged

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beidentifiedwith表示“支持；與……有密切相關(guān)”；recognize表示“承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可”，常與as構(gòu)成固定搭配berecognizedas表示“被認(rèn)為，被當(dāng)作”，有時(shí)也與with構(gòu)成搭配berecognizedwith表示“被識(shí)別出，被承認(rèn)”；beacquaintedwith表示“了解；知曉（某事）；熟悉”，beacknowledgedwith表示“被承認(rèn)，被認(rèn)可”。根據(jù)句意可知，因?yàn)樗麄冊?jīng)在同所大學(xué)中學(xué)習(xí)過，所以彼此很熟悉。此時(shí)since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，因此，只有C項(xiàng)最符合固定搭配以及句意，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

The___ofhisprofessiondonotpermithimtodothat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ethics

B.ethnics

C.morality

D.morale

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ethics“倫理學(xué)；倫理觀；道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（道德信仰和對與錯(cuò)的規(guī)則，常用于倫理方面）”；B選項(xiàng)ethnics“[人類]人種學(xué)”；C選項(xiàng)morality“道德（認(rèn)為某些行為是正確和可接受的，而其他行為是錯(cuò)誤的信念）；品行；美德”；D選項(xiàng)morale“士氣；斗志”。句意：他的職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不允許他那樣做。本句表達(dá)“職業(yè)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，屬于倫理方面的對錯(cuò)規(guī)則，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

InChinaalthoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposable

B.redundant

C.equivalent

D.interchangeable

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)disposable“一次性的；可自由支配的”；B選項(xiàng)redundant“多余的”；C選項(xiàng)equivalent“（價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的”；D選項(xiàng)interchangeable“可交換的，可互換的”。句意：在中國，盡管許多地區(qū)的人們比富裕地區(qū)的人掙得少得多，但他們在______商品上的花費(fèi)也少得多，比如住房。根據(jù)語境，住房對于錢多和錢少的人重要性相同，C選項(xiàng)equivalent“（價(jià)值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相等的，相同的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Parentsusedtohavea（）againstrockandrollintheearly1980’s.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prediction

B.prejudice

C.preference

D.prominence

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨折題。prediction預(yù)言；prejudice偏見；preference偏愛；prominence顯著,

突出。句意：在20世紀(jì)80年代初,

父母們就對搖滾樂有偏見。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

14.單選題

Thereceptionwasattendedbyvariousprominentmembersoftheidealcommunityandrepresentativesofregionalindustries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.congested

B.projecting

C.conspicuous

D.outstanding

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞prominent意為“突出的，顯著的；杰出的；卓越的”；A選項(xiàng)“congested”意為“堵塞的，擁擠的”；B選項(xiàng)“projecting”意為“突出來的；伸出的”；C選項(xiàng)“conspicuous”意為“顯著的；顯而易見的”；D選項(xiàng)“outstanding”意為“杰出的；顯著的；未解決的；未償付的”。句意：出席招待會(huì)的有理想社區(qū)的杰出人士和區(qū)域行業(yè)代表。由題干可知，and是并列連詞，and前后意思相近。所以可推測出prominentmembers與representatives（代表）意思相近。由此可知，prominent在此處最可能是“杰出的，卓越的”的意思，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中outstanding具有“杰出的”的意思，與此相近。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Veryyoungchildrenwithnoreadingexperiencemayastoundtheirparentswiththefirstwordstheyread,suchasadepartmentstoresignannouncingBigSale.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amaze

B.please

C.convey

D.bother

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。astound表示“使驚駭，使震驚”；A項(xiàng)amaze“使吃驚”，B項(xiàng)please“使喜歡，使高興，使?jié)M意”，C項(xiàng)convey“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸，讓與”，D項(xiàng)bother“煩擾，打擾，使……不安”。句意：沒有閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)的幼兒第一次讀到的單詞可能會(huì)讓他們的父母感到震驚，比如百貨商店的招牌上寫著“大減價(jià)”。因此，根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Tomwarnedhisfriendthathewould（）thelawifhestole.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abideby

B.fallafoulof

C.doawaywith

D.laydown

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。abideby遵守；fellafoulof與...相抵觸、冒犯；doawaywith廢除；laydown制定、放下。句意：Tom警告他的朋友，如果偷竊，他將觸犯法律。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.單選題

Shewassofatthatshecouldonlyjust（）throughthedoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assemble

B.appear

C.squeeze

D.gather

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她如此胖，以至于只能擠過這扇門。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。assemble聚集，集合，收集;appear出現(xiàn)，顯得，似乎，看來；squeeze擠，緊握，勒索；squeezethrough擠過，勉強(qiáng)通過;gather收集，收割，使……聚集。故C符合句意。

18.單選題

Letussupposethatyouareinthepositionofaparent.Wouldyouallowyourchildrentoreadanybooktheywantedtowithoutfirstcheckingitscontents?Wouldyoutakeyourchildrentoseeanyfilmwithoutfirstfindingoutwhetheritissuitableforthem?Ifyouranswertothesequestionsis“yes”,thenyouareeitherextremelypermissive.Ifyouransweris“no”,thenyouareexercisingyourrightasaparenttoprotectyourchildrenfromwhatyouconsidertobeundesirableinfluences.Inotherwords,byactingasacensoryourself,youareadmittingthatthereisastrongcaseforcensorship.

Now,ofcourse,youwillsaythatitisonethingtoexercisecensorshipwherechildrenareconcernedandquiteanothertodothesameforadults.Childrenneedprotectionanditistheparents’responsibilitytoprovideit.Butwhataboutadults?Aren’ttheyoldenoughtodecidewhatisgoodforthem?Theansweristhatmanyadultsare,butdon’tmakethemistakeofthinkingthatalladultsarelikeyou.Censorshipisforthegoodofsocietyasawhole.Likethelaw,censorshipcontributestothecommongood.

Somepeoplethinkthatitisdisgracefulthatacensorshouldinterferewithworksofart.Whoisthisperson,theysay,tobanthisgreatbookorcutthatgreatfilm?Noonecansethimselfupasasuperiorbeing.Butwemustremembertwothings.Firstly,wheregenuineworksofartareconcerned,moderncensorsareextremelyliberalintheirviews—oftenfarmoreliberalthanalargesectionofthepublic.Artisticmeritissomethingwhichcensorsclearlyrecognize.Andsecondly,wemustbearinmindthatthegreatproportionofbooks,playsandfilmswhichcomebeforethecensorareveryfarfrombeing“worksofart”.

Whendiscussingcensorship,therefore,weshouldnotconfineourattentiontogreatmasterpieces,butshouldconsiderthevastnumbersofpublicationsandfilmswhichmakeupthebulkoftheentertainmentindustry.Whencensorshiplawsarerelaxed,immoralpeoplearegivenalicensetoproducevirtuallyanythinginthenameof“art”.Thereisanincreasingtendencytoequateartisticwith“pornographic”.Theartmarketforpornographywouldrapidlybeexploited.Oneofthegreatthingsthatcensorshipdoesistopreventcertainpeoplefrommakingfatprofitsbycorruptingthemindsofothers.Toargueinfavorofabsolutefreedomistoargueinfavorofanarchy.

Societywouldreallybethepoorerifitdepriveditselfofthewisecounselandtherestraininginfluencewhichacensorprovides.

1.Permissiveparentswould______.

2.Thefactthatparentscheckthecontentsofthebookorthefilmfortheirchildrentoreadorseeshows______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

4.Whatdoestheword“corrupt”mean?

5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lettheirchildrenreadanybookstheyliketo

B.notlettheirchildrenseeanyfilmstheyliketo

C.notlettheirchildrenreadanybookswithoutfirstcheckingtheircontents

D.lettheirchildrenseethefilmswiththeirfirstchecking

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thenecessityofcensorship

B.manybooksandfilmsarebad

C.childrenneedtheirparentstohelpthemunderstandmore

D.theparentsarepermissive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Someadultscan’ttellrightfromwrong.

B.Censorshipiscomparedtothelawbecausebothofthemperformgoodservicetosocietyasawhole.

C.Censorspayattentiononlytogenuineworksofart.

D.Censorshipisnecessarybecausemanybooks,playsandfilmsarefarfrombeing“worksofart”.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Makemorallybad.

B.Hurt.

C.Injure.

D.Damage.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.PermissiveParentsandResponsibleParents

B.Censorshipandthelaw

C.CensorsValueArtisticMerits

D.CensorshipPerformsGoodServicetoSociety

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段前半部分Wouldyouallowyourchildrentoreadanybooktheywantedtowithoutfirstcheckingitscontents?Wouldyoutakeyourchildrentoseeanyfilmwithoutfirstfindingoutwhetheritissuitableforthem?Ifyouranswertothesequestionsis“yes”,thenyouareeitherextremelypermissive.（你會(huì)允許你的孩子讀任何他們想讀的書而不先檢查它的內(nèi)容嗎？你會(huì)在不先看看電影是否適合他們的情況下就帶孩子去看電影嗎？如果你對這些問題的回答是“是”，那么你就是一個(gè)極度寬容的家長。），說明寬容的父母會(huì)讓孩子閱讀任何他們喜歡的書籍。因此A選項(xiàng)“讓孩子閱讀任何他們喜歡的書籍”正確。B選項(xiàng)“不讓孩子看他們喜歡的任何電影”，C選項(xiàng)“不讓孩子在沒有事先檢查內(nèi)容的情況下閱讀任何書籍”，D選項(xiàng)“讓孩子在事先檢查內(nèi)容的情況下看電影”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Inotherwords,byactingasacensoryourself,youareadmittingthatthereisastrongcaseforcensorship.（換句話說，你自己作為審查者，就是在承認(rèn)審查是有充分理由的。），說明父母對孩子閱讀的書或觀看電影的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行檢查的事實(shí)表明審查是有充分理由的。因此A選項(xiàng)“審查制度的必要性”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多書和電影是不好的”，C選項(xiàng)“孩子們需要父母幫助他們了解更多的東西”在文中沒有提及，所以B,C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“父母是寬容的”，由原文可知，寬容的父母不會(huì)事先檢查書籍和電影的內(nèi)容，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“有些成年人不能分辨是非”，由原文Butwhataboutadults?Aren’ttheyoldenoughtodecidewhatisgoodforthem?Theansweristhatmanyadultsare（但是成年人呢？難道他們還不能決定什么是對他們有益的嗎？答案是，很多成年人都是）可知，很多成年人還不能分辨是非，所以A選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除A。B選項(xiàng)“審查制度被比作法律，因?yàn)樗鼈兌紴檎麄€(gè)社會(huì)提供了良好的服務(wù)”，由原文Likethelaw,censorshipcontributestothecommongood.（與法律一樣，審查制度有益于公共利益。）可知，審查制度和法律一樣都是為了整個(gè)社會(huì)的利益，所以B選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除B。D選項(xiàng)“審查是必要的，因?yàn)樵S多書籍、戲劇和電影遠(yuǎn)不是‘藝術(shù)作品’”，由原文Andsecondly,wemustbearinmindthatthegreatproportionofbooks,playsandfilmswhichcomebeforethecensorareveryfarfrombeing“worksofart”.（其次，我們必須記住，出現(xiàn)在審查者面前的書籍、戲劇和電影，很大一部分都遠(yuǎn)非“藝術(shù)品”。）可知，許多書籍、戲劇和電影都不是藝術(shù)品，需要進(jìn)行審查，所以D選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除D。C選項(xiàng)“審查員只關(guān)注真正的藝術(shù)作品”，由原文Whendiscussingcensorship,therefore,weshouldnotconfineourattentiontogreatmasterpieces,butshouldconsiderthevastnumbersofpublicationsandfilmswhichmakeupthebulkoftheentertainmentindustry.（因此，當(dāng)討論審查制度時(shí)，我們不應(yīng)該把注意力局限在偉大的杰作上，而應(yīng)該考慮到構(gòu)成娛樂產(chǎn)業(yè)大部分的出版物和電影的數(shù)量。）可知，審查員不只關(guān)注真正的藝術(shù)作品，還有大部分的書籍電影等，所以C選項(xiàng)不符合原文，本題選C。

4.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“corrupt”可以定位到文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句Oneofthegreatthingsthatcensorshipdoesistopreventcertainpeoplefrommakingfatprofitsbycorruptingthemindsofothers.（審查制度所做的最偉大的事情之一就是防止某些人通過腐蝕他人的思想而獲得暴利。），說明“corrupt”在文中是指“腐蝕思想”的意思。因此A選項(xiàng)“使道德變壞”正確。B選項(xiàng)“傷害”，C選項(xiàng)“受傷”，D選項(xiàng)“損壞”均不符合題意，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨大意題。文章開頭以家長應(yīng)不應(yīng)該審查孩子閱讀的書和觀看的電影的內(nèi)容這一問題引出論點(diǎn)——審查是必要的，并在接下來的內(nèi)容中討論了審查的必要性以及審查對社會(huì)的積極影響。因此D選項(xiàng)“審查制度有助于整個(gè)社會(huì)的利益”符合文章的主旨，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。A選項(xiàng)“放任的父母和負(fù)責(zé)任的父母”，B選項(xiàng)“審查制度和法律”，C選項(xiàng)“審查員重視藝術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”只是文章某一部分的內(nèi)容，不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

19.單選題

Thereare（）differencesbetweentheoryandpractice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legible

B.radical

C.medieval

D.laden

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。legible“清晰的,易辨認(rèn)的”;radical“激進(jìn)的,根本的,徹底的”;medieval“中世紀(jì)的,老式的,原始的”;laden“負(fù)載的,裝滿的”。句意:理論和實(shí)踐之間有著根本的區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

20.單選題

Codingschemesweredevelopedtoenableresearcherstocomparethedetailedfacialpositionsofindividualportionsofdieface(eyebrows,mouth,etc.)fordifferentemotions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.systems

B.presentations

C.proposals

D.investigations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)system“制度，體制，系統(tǒng)”，B項(xiàng)presentation“展示，描述，陳述”，C項(xiàng)proposal“提議，建議”，D項(xiàng)investigation“調(diào)查，調(diào)查研究”。句意：編碼方案的發(fā)展，使研究人員能夠比較不同情緒下模具面部各個(gè)部分（眉毛、嘴巴等）的詳細(xì)面部位置。schemes在句中表示“計(jì)劃、方案”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中意思與之相近的是A項(xiàng)。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

21.單選題

Itwasnotuntilonehundredthousandyearsafterthebigbangthatphotonswere（）frommatter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setapart

B.setoff

C.setout

D.setfree

【答案】D

【解析】句意:直到十萬年宇宙大爆炸之后，光子才從物質(zhì)中釋放出來。

考查短語辨析。D項(xiàng)“從…中釋放”符合句意。

22.單選題

Theessentialproblemofmaninacomputerizedageremainsthesameasithasalwaysbeen.Theproblemisnotsolelyhowtobemoreproductive,morecomfortable,morecontent,buthowtobemoresensitive,moresensible,moreproportionate,morealive.Thecomputermakespossibleaphenomenalleapinhumanproficiency;itdemolishesthefencesaroundthepracticalandeventhetheoreticalintelligence.Butthequestionpersistsandindeedgrowswhetherthecomputerwillmakeiteasierorharderforhumanbeingstoknowwhotheyreallyare,toidentifytheirrealproblems,torespondmorefullytobeauty,toplaceadequatevalueonlife,andtomaketheirworldsaferthanitnowis.

Electronicbrainscanreducetheprofusionofdeadendsinvolvedinvitalresearch.Buttheycan'teliminatethefoolishnessanddecaythatcomefromtheunexaminedlife.Nordotheyconnectamantothethingshehastobeconnectedto——therealityofpaininothers;thepossibilitiesofcreativegrowthinhimself;thememoryoftherace;andtherightsofthenextgeneration.

Thereasonwhythesemattersareimportantinacomputerizedageisthattheremaybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom,justastherehasalwaysbeenatendencytoconfuselogicwithvalues,andintelligencewithinsight.Unobstructedaccesstofactscanproduceunlimitedgoodonlyifitismatchedbythedesireandabilitytofindoutwhattheymeanandwheretheywouldlead.

Factsareterriblethingsifleftsprawlingandunattended.Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluatedcertaintiesratherthanastherawestofrawmaterialscryingtobeprocessedintothetextureoflogic.Itrequiresaveryunusualmind,Whiteheadsaid,toundertaketheanalysisofafact.Thecomputercanprovideacorrectnumber,butitmaybeanirrelevantnumberuntiljudgmentispronounced.

Totheextent,then,thatmanfailstomakethedistinctionbetweentheintermediateoperationsofelectronicintelligenceandtheultimateresponsibilitiesofhumandecisionandconscience,thecomputercouldproveadigression.Itcouldobscureman'sawarenessoftheneedtocometotermswithhimself.Itmayfostertheillusionthatheisaskingfundamentalquestionswhenheisactuallyaskingonlyfunctionalones.Itmayberegardedasasubstituteforintelligenceinsteadofanextensiontoit.Itmaypromoteundueconfidenceinconcreteanswers."Ifwebeginwithcertainties,"Baconsaid,weshallendindoubts,butifwebeginwithdoubts,andwearepatientwiththem,weshallendincertainties.

1.Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheauthorwouldbelesscriticalofthecomputerif（

）.

2.Inacomputerizedage,whichoneofthefollowingshouldbegivenpriorityto?

3.Bysayingthat"Factsareterriblethingsifleftsprawlingandunattended"(Paragraph4),theauthoraimsto

（

）.

4.Theauthorregardscomputeras（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itcanbetterimprovehumanproficiency

B.itcanbreaktheboundaryofthepracticalandtheoreticalintelligence

C.itcanbemorecreative

D.itcanmakepeoplemorealerttorealproblemsinhumansociety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wisdom.

B.Intelligence.

C.Data.

D.Fact.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pointoutthattheabundanceoffactsmaybeharmfultohumanintellect

B.illustratethenecessityofalwaysattendingtofacts

C.showtheimportanceofusingpeople'sjudgmentinthecomputerizedage

D.tellthatfactsarealwaysirrelevantandneedtobeconnected

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.asubstituteforhumanintelligence

B.ameanstohelppeoplereachconcreteanswers

C.somethingthatcaninspirepeopletoaskfundamentalquestions

D.somethingthatisofsubsidiaryfunction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由第一段中“Theproblemisnotsolelyhowtobemoreproductive,morecomfortable,morecontent,buthowtobemoresensitive,moresensible,moreproportionate,morealive.問題不只是如何更有效率、更舒適、更滿足，而是如何更敏感、更明智、更均衡、更有活力?！币约暗诙沃小癗ordotheyconnectamantothethingshehastobeconnectedto—therealityofpaininothers;thepossibilitiesofcreativegrowthinhimself;thememoryoftherace;andtherightsofthenextgeneration.它們也不能將一個(gè)人與之必須要聯(lián)系的事情聯(lián)系起來——即一些現(xiàn)實(shí)問題，比如他人痛苦；自身創(chuàng)造性成長的可能性；種族的記憶；以及下一代的權(quán)利?？芍髡咛岢隽擞?jì)算機(jī)目前不能解決人類生活中的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。故D項(xiàng)“如果計(jì)算機(jī)能夠更敏感地捕捉人類社會(huì)存在的真實(shí)問題，那么作者會(huì)少些批判”正確。由“Thecomputermakespossibleaphenomenalleapinhumanproficiency;itdemolishesthefencesaroundthepracticalandeventhetheoreticalintelligence.計(jì)算機(jī)使人類熟練程度的顯著飛躍成為可能；它打破了實(shí)踐智能甚至理論智能的藩籬?！笨芍狝B兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)可以做到了。C項(xiàng)在文中未提及。答案D

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段中“Thereasonwhythesemattersareimportantinacomputerizedageisthattheremaybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom在計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代，這些問題之所以重要，是因?yàn)榭赡苡幸环N將數(shù)據(jù)誤認(rèn)為是智慧的傾向”可反推在計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代，最重要的不是數(shù)據(jù)，而是智慧。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:推理判斷題。由第四段中“Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluatedcertaintiesratherthanastherawestofrawmaterialscryingtobeprocessedintothetextureoflogic.它們太容易被認(rèn)為是經(jīng)過評估的事實(shí)，而不是迫切需要加工成具有邏輯的最原始的材料?！币约啊癟hecomputercanprovideacorrectnumber,butitmaybeanirrelevantnumberuntiljudgmentispronounced.計(jì)算機(jī)可以提供一個(gè)正確的數(shù)字，但在做出判斷之前，它可能是一個(gè)不相關(guān)的數(shù)字?！笨芍娔X的數(shù)據(jù)不一定正確，需要人們?nèi)ヅ袛?。答案C

第4題:推理判斷題。由第二段中“Electronicbrainscanreducetheprofusionofdeadendsinvolvedinvitalresearch.電腦能減少重要研究中的許多死胡同?！笨芍?jì)算機(jī)只是起到輔助作用。由最后一段“Itmayfostertheillusionthatheisaskingfundamentalquestionswhenheisactuallyaskingonlyfunctionalones.Itmayberegardedasasubstituteforintelligenceinsteadofanextensiontoit.Itmaypromoteundueconfidenceinconcreteanswers.這可能會(huì)造成一種錯(cuò)覺，讓人們覺得他問的是基本問題，而實(shí)際上他問的只是功能性問題。讓人們覺得它可以被看作是智力的替代品，而不是智力的延伸。它可能會(huì)使人們對具體的答案產(chǎn)生過分的信心?？芍狝BC三項(xiàng)不正確。答案D

23.單選題

Thetenantleftnothingbehindexceptsome（

）ofpaper,cloth,etc.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sheets

B.scraps

C.pages

D.slices

【答案】B

【解析】量詞辨析。句意:除了廢紙和廢布，租客什么也沒有留下。

Sheet張,塊,通常用于形容一張紙或者一塊玻璃、金屬或木頭等;scraps廢棄的;page頁;slice(食物的)薄片。故選B。

24.單選題

Inthe1700sNorthAmericancolonistsproclaimedtheirwealthandsocial（）bywearingelaboratestockings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.responsibility

B.events

C.organization

D.status

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)responsibility“責(zé)任；職責(zé)”，B選項(xiàng)events“事件；大事”，C選項(xiàng)organization“組織；機(jī)構(gòu)”，D選項(xiàng)status“地位；狀態(tài)”；根據(jù)句意我們知道穿長筒襪是殖民者炫耀自己地位的一種手段，因此答案為D。句意為：在18世紀(jì)，北美殖民者通過穿著精心制作的長筒襪來展示他們的財(cái)富和社會(huì)地位。

25.單選題

Thelargeramachineandthemorenumerousitsparts,thegreate